# the law came in

Here Paul speaks of the law as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "God gave his law to Moses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])

# sin abounded

"sin increased"

# grace abounded even more

Here "grace" refers to God's undeserved blessings. Alternate translation: "God continued to act even more kindly toward them, in a way that they did not deserve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])