# the Philistines came up ... in Judah

The phrase "came up" is used here because Judah is higher in elevation than Philistia.

# encamped in Judah

They set up their tents in Judah. This synecdoche means that they prepared to make war against Judah. Alternate translation: "prepared to make war against Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])

# spread out

moved apart from each other so they could control as much land as possible

# Lehi

This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])