Mat 12:33 A tree and its fruit #32
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The first note calls this a proverb:
Make a tree good and its fruit good, or make the tree bad and its fruit bad
Possible meanings are 1) "If you make a tree good, its fruit will be good, and if you make the tree bad, its fruit will be bad" or 2) "If you consider a tree to be good, it is because its fruit is good, and if you consider a tree to be bad, it is because its fruit is bad." This was a proverb. People were to apply its truth to how they can know whether a person is good or bad.
The third note says that person and fruit are metaphors.
a tree is recognized by its fruit
The words "tree" and "fruit" are metaphors for a person and his deeds, respectively. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people recognize trees by their fruit" or "people know whether a person is good or bad by looking at the results of that person's activities" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
I wonder if we should drop the idea of metaphor and keep with proverb.
Here's my suggestion for the note about the fruit.
a tree is recognized by its fruit
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people know whether a tree is good or bad by looking at its fruit" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
a tree is recognized by its fruit
If people cannot figure out how to apply this part of the proverb, the meaning can be translated plainly. Alternate translation: "In the same way, a person's character is recognized by the results of what he does" or "people know whether a person is good or bad by looking at the results of that person's activities" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-proverbs)
I think what Susan suggests is much clearer.
Looking at this 2 months later, do we need to give advice about how to translate the ULB so the readers can apply a proverb?
I think I was wrong about that. I don't think the translation of the proverb should include its interpretation.
How about these?
Make a tree good and its fruit good, or make the tree bad and its fruit badF
Possible meanings are 1) “If you make a tree good, its fruit will be good, and if you make the tree bad, its fruit will be bad” or 2) “If a tree is good, it will have good fruit, and if a tree is bad, it will have bad fruit.” This was a proverb. People were to apply its truth to how they can know whether a person is good or bad.
good ... bad
“healthy ... diseased”
a tree is recognized by its fruit
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people know whether a tree is good or bad by looking at its fruit” (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive)
These look good, except the final "F" at the end of the first note :)
Thank you. They're done now.