Moses asks this question to rebuke the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. AT: "You should not be violating Yahweh's command again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
This can be stated in active form. AT: "to prevent your enemies from defeating you" or "to give you victory over your enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# you will die by the sword
Here "the sword" refers to battle. AT: "you will die in battle" or "they will kill you when you fight against them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# you turned back from following Yahweh
Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken of as turning away from him. AT: "you stopped obeying Yahweh" or "you have decided not to obey Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])