Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person.
## By this they show ##
"By naturally obeying the Law they show"
## the actions required by the Law are written in their hearts ##
Alternate translations: "God has written on their hearts what the Law requires them to do" or "They know exactly what the Law commands them to do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
## required by the Law ##
This can be translated with an active verb: "the Law requires" or "that God demands through the Law."
## bears witness with them, and their thoughts either accuse or defend themselves ##
"tells them if they are disobeying or obeying God's law"
## on the day when God will judge ##
This finishes Paul's thought from [Romans 2:13](./13.md). This could be translated as a new sentence: "This will happen when God judges."
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