Here the "true vine" is a metaphor. Jesus compares himself to a vine or a vine stem. He is the source of life that causes people to live in a way that pleases God. AT: "I am like a vine that produces good fruit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The "gardener" is a metaphor. A "gardener" is a person who takes care of the vine to ensure it is as fruitful as possible. AT: "my Father is like a gardener" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# He takes away every branch in me that does not bear fruit, and he prunes every branch that bears fruit so that it will bear more fruit
Here the "branch" is a metaphor that represents each person who belongs to Jesus. God cares for them so that they will be able to live in a way that is pleasing to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])