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Update '44-jhn/13.md'

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John wrote that Jesus "knew his hour had come." That is, Jesus knew he was going to die soon. The metaphor of an "hour" was about a certain time, which was the end of Jesus's life.
See: Metaphor
See: [Metaphor](../articles/metaphor.md)
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John wrote that the devil "put it into the heart" of Judas Iscariot. That is, Judas wanted to help the people who wanted to kill Jesus. John wrote that the devil gave Judas these thoughts. He wanted his readers to know this was an evil idea.
See: Satan (The Devil); Heart (metaphor)
See: [Satan (The Devil)](../articles/satan.md); [Heart (Metaphor)](../articles/heart.md)
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ See: Satan (The Devil); Heart (metaphor)
John wrote, "the Father had given everything over into Jesus' hands." He wanted to say that God the Father gave Jesus power over everything that happened. Some scholars think God gave Jesus permission to choose when and how he would die. They think this because John also wrote that Jesus "had come from God and was going back to God" (13:3). Other scholars think God gave Jesus power over the whole world. They think this because many other verses talk about this (see: Mark 5:30, Acts 10:38, Romans 1:4, Colossians 1:15-18, 2 Peter 1:16). Other scholars think that John wanted to say both of these things.
See: God the Father
See: [God the Father](../articles/godfather.md)
### Why did Jesus wash his disciples' feet (13:3-5)?
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1. He did this to clean their feet. The roads in Palestine were made of dirt. People walked everywhere. So their feet had dirt on them.
1. He did this so that they would know that they needed to serve other people (See: 13:14-16). Only servants or slaves washed people’s feet. When Jesus lived, it was shameful to wash someone else’s feet. But Jesus washed his disciples' feet. He is the Son of God and not a servant or slave. He rules over everything, yet he served others. He wanted people to serve other people.
See: Disciple; Serve (Servant, Slave); Shame (Ashamed); Son of God
See: Disciple; Serve (Servant, Slave); [Shame (Ashamed)](../articles/shame.md); [Son of God](../articles/sonofgod.md)
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ See: Disciple; Serve (Servant, Slave); Shame (Ashamed); Son of God
Peter told Jesus he did not want Jesus to wash his feet. He thought that washing feet was a shameful thing to do. First, he asked this as a question. Then, he said, "Lord, you will never wash my feet." But Jesus said he must wash him. Then, Peter wanted Jesus to wash his hands and head. He wanted to have Jesus wash all of him. Some scholars think Peter thought this was less shameful than washing only Peter's feet. Other scholars think Peter was saying that he really wanted to follow Jesus.
See: Shame (Ashamed)
See: [Shame (Ashamed)](../articles/shame.md)
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ See: Shame (Ashamed)
Jesus wanted to say that it honors God when Christians help other people. This is true even when someone serves others by doing something others think is shameful. Jesus wanted his disciples to honor God. So he wanted them to help other people (See: 13:14-15). He wanted them to do things that help other people, even if they feel shame while they are doing it.
See: Serve (Servant, Slave); Shame (Ashamed); Disciple
See: [Serve](../artcles/serve.md); [Shame (Ashamed)](../articles/shame.md); [Disciple](../articles/disciple.md)
## 13:18-30
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Jesus also spoke of his other disciples. He wanted them to know that all of them except Judas were loyal disciples. They trusted Jesus and he trusted them. He also wanted them to know that God forgave their sins. So he called them "clean" (see: 13:10) and "chosen" (see: 13:18).
See: Disciple; Forgive (Forgiveness); Clean and Unclean; Elect (Election)
See: [Disciple](../articles/disciple.md); [Forgive (Forgiveness, Pardon)](../articles/forgive.md); [Clean and Unclean](../articles/cleanunclean.md); [Elect (Election)](../articles/elect.md)
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Jesus talked about himself in 13:19-20. He wanted to say that he is God. God gav
Jesus also talked about "him who sent me." He wanted to say that he spoke for God because God sent him to earth.
See: Yahweh (I am); Jesus is God
See: [Yahweh (I am)](../articles/yahweh.md); [Jesus is God](../articles/jesusisgod.md)
## 13:23-30
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John wrote "one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved" in 13:23. Scholars think this was because John wrote about himself. John did not write his name in his gospel. Instead, he wrote "one whom Jesus loved" (see: John 19:26, John 20:2, John 21:7; John 21:20).
See: Disciple; Love; Gospel
See: [Disciple](../articles/disciple.md); [Love](../articles/love.md); [Gospel](../articles/gospel.md)
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Jesus dipped bread and gave it to Judas Iscariot. He knew that Judas would betray him. Normally, dipping bread and giving it to someone gave that person great honor. However, Jesus knew Judas was going to give him to the Jewish leaders to be killed. Instead of honoring Judas, Judas was shamed.
See: Shame (Ashamed)
See: [Shame (Ashamed)](../articles/shame.md)