en_tn/1sa/20/35.md

a young man was with him

Here the word "him" refers to Jonathan.

he shot an arrow beyond him

"Jonathan shot an arrow beyond the young man"

Is not the arrow beyond you?

Jonathan uses this question to emphasize that the arrow is farther ahead of the young man. AT: "The arrow is beyond you." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)