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@ -137,8 +137,10 @@ Some scholars say Jesus baptized in the Holy Spirit and in fire when he punished
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See: Filling of the Holy Spirit
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Advice to translators: This entry is mainly for people in cultures that do not know or use threshing floors.
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What was a threshing floor?
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**Advice to translators**: This entry is mainly for people in cultures that do not know or use threshing floors.
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### What was a threshing floor?
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A [threshing floor](#g0257) was a bare place on the ground where people separated grain from its stalk. In some places, people made threshing floors inside large buildings. At the time of John the Baptist, most threshing floors were outside.
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When people separated the grain from its stalk, they often beat the stalks or they had large animals pull heavy loads across the stalks. Then, the people threw the stalks into the air, where the wind blew away the useless parts. The grain, which was heavier, fell back to the ground. Then the people put the grain into bags.
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@ -146,84 +148,88 @@ When people separated the grain from its stalk, they often beat the stalks or th
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When John said that the messiah would separate grain, he meant that the messiah would separate the people who believed in him from those who rejected him. The writers of the Bible often spoke of God punishing the wicked people as if he were making a fire burn forever (see: Matthew 25:41; Revelation 20:10,15).
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See: Metaphor; Hell; Fire; Punish (Punishment)
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What was the good news John announced?
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### What was the good news John announced?
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When Luke said that John announced the “good news” or “gospel”(εὐαγγελίζω/g2097) to the Jews, he meant that John told everyone to repent of their sins. They must also be “baptized”(βαπτίζω/g0907) to get ready for the messiah.
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When Jesus began to teach the people, he told them more things about this good news. He told people that the “kingdom of God” was coming. He also spoke more and more clearly about what he would do. He would die on a cross but he would rise again. This was what he must do as the “Lamb of God.” However, it seems that he only said this to the twelve disciples. It does not seem that he ever told the people in general about these things.
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See: Gospel; Repent (Repentance); Messiah (Christ); Kingdom of God; Lamb of God
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3:21-22
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Advice to translators: For “the bodily form of a dove,” use the expression in your Bible version.
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Why was the Holy Spirit in bodily form of a dove?
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## 3:21-22
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**Advice to translators**: For “the bodily form of a dove,” use the expression in your Bible version.
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### Why was the Holy Spirit in bodily form of a dove?
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In the Bible, a dove represented many different things. Only Luke wrote the Holy Spirit was in the “bodily”(σωματικός/g4984) “form”(εἶδος/g1491) of a dove.” Luke wrote that because he noted well the service of the Holy Spirit at the start of his Gospel (see: Luke 1:15,35,41,67; 2:25-27).
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See: Matthew 3:16; Mark 1:10; Isaiah 42:1
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Advice to translators: For “the Holy Spirit filled Christians,” consider using the expression in your version of Acts 2:4.
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Why was Jesus praying when he was baptized?
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**Advice to translators**: For “the Holy Spirit filled Christians,” consider using the expression in your version of Acts 2:4.
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### Why was Jesus praying when he was baptized?
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Jesus was praying when he was baptized because he wanted the Holy Spirit to help him serve God. Luke often wrote about someone praying at the same time when he wrote about the Holy Spirit. He wrote about how Jesus taught his disciples how to pray to God. Later, God the Father gave the Holy Spirit to them (see: Luke 11:13). God filled Christians with the Holy Spirit when they prayed (see: Acts 4:31).
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See: Pray (Prayer); Filling of the Holy Spirit
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Why did God call Jesus his Son?
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### Why did God call Jesus his Son?
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God called Jesus his Son because God was announcing that Jesus was the messiah whom he had promised to send. In Psalms 2:7, God said the person he made king was his “Son”. God also loves Jesus and is pleased with him. God spoke from heaven when Jesus was baptized. The people heard him, but they did not see him.
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See: Messiah (Christ); Son of God
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Why was Jesus baptized?
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### Why was Jesus baptized?
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John “baptized”(βαπτίζω/g0907) people as part of their “repenting”(μετανοέω/g3340) from their sins. He did this so that they would be able to welcome the Messiah, Jesus Christ. He also “baptized” Jesus (see: Mark 1:9), because Jesus asked him to do so, even though Jesus had never sinned. He never needed to “repent” of having sinned. Most scholars think that Jesus wanted to be “baptized” in order to prepare him to be a sacrifice to God. He would die in the same way a sacrifice was done to allow people to be at peace with God.
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See: 2 Corinthians 5:21
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See: Repent (Repentance); Messiah (Christ); Atone (Atonement)
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3:23-38
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Why did Luke write how old Jesus was when he began to serve the people?
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## 3:23-38
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### Why did Luke write how old Jesus was when he began to serve the people?
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Luke wrote that Jesus was about thirty years old when he began to serve the people. The Jews thought that this was when a man should begin doing the work that he would do for the rest of his life. Joseph was thirty years old when he became a leader in Egypt (see: Genesis 41:46). David was thirty when he began to rule over Israel (see: 2 Samuel 5:4). The Levites began serving in the tent of meeting at the age of thirty (see: Numbers 4:3).
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See: Tent of Meeting
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Advice to translators: A genealogy is a list of someone’s ancestors or descendants.
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How was Luke’s genealogy of Jesus different from Matthew’s genealogy of Jesus?
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**Advice to translators**: A genealogy is a list of someone’s ancestors or descendants.
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### How was Luke’s genealogy of Jesus different from Matthew’s genealogy of Jesus?
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Luke’s genealogy of Jesus is different from Matthew’s genealogy in several ways.
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Matthew wrote the genealogy first in his gospel. However, Luke wrote the genealogy after he wrote about how Jesus was “baptized”(βαπτίζω/g0907). However, he wrote about it before he wrote about how Satan tried to make Jesus sin.
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Matthew started Jesus’ genealogy with Abraham. He wrote Jesus’ descendants until Joseph, who people thought was the father of Jesus. However, Luke started Jesus’ genealogy with Joseph. He wrote Jesus’ ancestors all the way back to Adam, the first man.
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Matthew wrote about David’s son Solomon in his genealogy. However, Luke wrote about David’s son Nathan.
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Matthew wrote about women in his genealogy. However, Luke did not write about any women.
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Matthew wrote about three groups of fourteen people. This was forty-two people. Luke wrote about eleven groups of seven people. This was seventy-seven people.
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The people between Jesus to David are different in Matthew and Luke.
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1. Matthew wrote the genealogy first in his gospel. However, Luke wrote the genealogy after he wrote about how Jesus was “baptized”(βαπτίζω/g0907). However, he wrote about it before he wrote about how Satan tried to make Jesus sin.
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1. Matthew started Jesus’ genealogy with Abraham. He wrote Jesus’ descendants until Joseph, who people thought was the father of Jesus. However, Luke started Jesus’ genealogy with Joseph. He wrote Jesus’ ancestors all the way back to Adam, the first man.
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1. Matthew wrote about David’s son Solomon in his genealogy. However, Luke wrote about David’s son Nathan.
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1. Matthew wrote about women in his genealogy. However, Luke did not write about any women.
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1. Matthew wrote about three groups of fourteen people. This was forty-two people. Luke wrote about eleven groups of seven people. This was seventy-seven people.
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1. The people between Jesus to David are different in Matthew and Luke.
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See: Gospel; Ancestor and Descendant (Fathers, Forefathers, Patriarchs); Genealogy; Son of David
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Advice to translators: A genealogy is a list of someone’s ancestors or descendants.
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Why was Luke’s genealogy of Jesus different from Matthew’s genealogy of Jesus?
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**Advice to translators**: A genealogy is a list of someone’s ancestors or descendants.
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### Why was Luke’s genealogy of Jesus different from Matthew’s genealogy of Jesus?
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Scholars give different reasons why Luke’s genealogy of Jesus was different from Matthew’s genealogy.
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Matthew and Luke thought different kinds of people would read their gospels. Matthew wrote for Jewish Christians and Luke wrote for Gentile Christians.
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Luke wrote Jesus’ ancestors from his mother Mary but Matthew wrote Jesus’ ancestors from Joseph.
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Luke wrote about Nathan instead of Solomon because of prophecies that David would stop having descendants (see: Jeremiah 22:28-30; 36:30-31).
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Luke wanted to imply that Jesus was also a prophet.
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1. Matthew and Luke thought different kinds of people would read their gospels. Matthew wrote for Jewish Christians and Luke wrote for Gentile Christians.
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1. Luke wrote Jesus’ ancestors from his mother Mary but Matthew wrote Jesus’ ancestors from Joseph.
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1. Luke wrote about Nathan instead of Solomon because of prophecies that David would stop having descendants (see: Jeremiah 22:28-30; 36:30-31).
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1. Luke wanted to imply that Jesus was also a prophet.
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See: Gospel; Prophet
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Advice to translators: A genealogy is a list of someone’s ancestors or descendants.
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Why did Luke write a genealogy of Jesus?
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**Advice to translators**: A genealogy is a list of someone’s ancestors or descendants.
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### Why did Luke write a genealogy of Jesus?
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Luke’s genealogy named the ancestors of Jesus back to Adam, the first man, and then back to God. Luke wanted people to know that Jesus was related to all mankind, not only to the Jews. Therefore, Luke also wanted his readers to know that Jesus came to bring the gospel to all mankind.
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Some scholars think Luke wanted people to know Jesus was different than Adam (see: Romans 5:12-21). When Adam sinned, the whole world rebelled against God and began to die. However, Jesus came so that people could live forever with God.
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