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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote MAT front intro sa9c 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Matthew<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>#### Outline of the Book of Matthew<br><br>1. The birth of Jesus Christ and the beginning of his ministry (1:1–4:25)<br>1. Jesus' Sermon on the Mount (5:1–7:28)<br>1. Jesus illustrates the kingdom of God through acts of healing (8:1–9:34)<br>1. Jesus' teaching about mission and the kingdom (9:35–10:42)<br>1. Jesus' teaching about the gospel of the kingdom of God. The beginning of opposition to Jesus. (11:1–12:50)<br>1. Jesus' parables about the kingdom of God (13:1–52)<br>1. Further opposition to Jesus and misunderstanding of the kingdom of God (13:53–17:57)<br>1. Jesus' teaching about life in the kingdom of God (18:1–35)<br>1. Jesus ministers in Judea (19:1–22:46)<br>1. Jesus' teaching about the final judgment and salvation (23:1–25:46)<br>1. The crucifixion of Jesus, his death and resurrection (26:1–28:19)<br><br>#### What is the book of Matthew about?<br><br>The Gospel of Matthew is one of four books in the New Testament that describe some of the life of Jesus Christ. The authors of the gospels wrote about different aspects of who Jesus was and what he did. Matthew showed that Jesus was the Messiah, and God would save Israel through him. Matthew often explained that Jesus fulfilled the Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah. This may indicate that he expected most of his first readers to be Jewish. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])<br><br>#### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "The Gospel of Matthew," or "The Gospel according to Matthew." Or they may choose a title that may be clearer, such as, "The Good News about Jesus that Matthew wrote." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>#### Who wrote the Book of Matthew?<br><br>The book does not give the name of the author. However, since early Christian times, most Christians have thought that the author was the Apostle Matthew.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>#### What is the "kingdom of heaven?"<br><br>Matthew spoke of the kingdom of heaven in the same way that other gospel writers spoke of the kingdom of God. The kingdom of heaven represents God ruling over all people and all creation everywhere. Those whom God accepts into his kingdom will be blessed. They will live with God forever.<br><br>#### What were Jesus' teaching methods?<br><br>The people regarded Jesus as a rabbi. A rabbi is a teacher of God's law. Jesus taught in similar ways as other religious teachers in Israel. He had students who followed him wherever he went. These students were called disciples. He often told parables. Parables are stories that teach moral lessons. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/parable]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>#### What are the Synoptic Gospels?<br><br>The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called the Synoptic Gospels because they have many similar passages. The word "synoptic" means to "see together."<br><br>The texts are considered "parallel" when they are the same or almost the same among two or three gospels. When translating parallel passages, translators should use the same wording and make them as similar as possible.<br><br>#### Why does Jesus refer to himself as the "Son of Man"?<br><br>In the gospels, Jesus calls himself the "Son of Man." It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a "son of man." That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever.<br><br>Jews of Jesus' time did not use "Son of Man" as a title for anyone. Therefore, Jesus used it for himself to help them understand who he truly was. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]])<br><br>Translating the title "Son of Man" can be difficult in many languages. Readers may misunderstand a literal translation. Translators can consider alternatives, such as "The Human One." It may also be helpful to include a footnote to explain the title.<br><br>#### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Matthew?<br><br>The following verses are found in older versions of the Bible but are not included in most modern versions:<br><br>* "Bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you" (5:44)<br>* "For yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen" (6:13)<br>* "But this kind of demon does not go out except with prayer and fasting" (17:21)<br>* "For the Son of Man came to save that which was lost" (18:11)<br>* "Many are called, but few are chosen" (20:16)<br>* "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for you devour widows' houses, while you make a show of long prayers. You will therefore receive greater condemnation." (23:14)<br><br>Translators are advised not to include these passages. However, if in the translators' region, there are older versions of the Bible that include one or more of these passages, the translators can include them. If they are included, they should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that they were probably not original to Matthew's Gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])<br><br> MAT 1 intro y7kk 0 # Matthew 01 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set a quotation from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this for the quoted material in 1:23.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Genealogy<br><br>A genealogy is a list that records a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could become king. Most important people had records of their genealogies.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Use of the passive voice<br><br>Matthew uses the passive voice very purposefully in this chapter to indicate that Mary did not have a sexual relationship with anyone. She became pregnant with Jesus because the Holy Spirit performed a miracle. Many languages do not have a passive voice, so translators in those languages must find other ways to present the same truths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br> MAT 1 1 ava1 0 General Information: The author begins with Jesus' genealogy in order to show that he is a descendant of King David and of Abraham. The genealogy continues through [Matthew 1:17](../01/17.md). MAT 1 1 y31w 0 The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ You could translate this as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "This is the list of the ancestors of Jesus Christ" MAT 1 1 vpg1 0 Jesus Christ, son of David, son of Abraham There were many generations between Jesus, David, and Abraham. Here "son" means "descendant." Alternate translation: "Jesus Christ, a descendant of David, who was a descendant of Abraham" MAT 1 1 tka3 0 son of David Sometimes the phrase "son of David" is used as a title, but here it seems to be used only to identify Jesus' ancestry. MAT 1 2 ejp6 0 Abraham was the father of Isaac "Abraham became the father of Isaac" or "Abraham had a son Isaac" or "Abraham had a son named Isaac." There are different ways you could translate this. Whichever way you translate it here, it would be best to translate it the same way throughout the list of Jesus' ancestors. MAT 1 2 mxm2 figs-ellipsis 0 Isaac the father ... Jacob the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Isaac was the father ... Jacob was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 1 3 g8y6 translate-names 0 Perez ... Zerah ... Hezron ... Ram These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 1 3 t7jg figs-ellipsis 0 Perez the father ... Hezron the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Perez was the father ... Hezron was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 1 4 fe3u figs-ellipsis 0 Amminadab the father ... Nahshon the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Amminadab was the father ... Nahshon was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 1 5 yr52 0 Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab "Salmon was the father of Boaz, and Boaz's mother was Rahab" or "Salmon and Rahab were the parents of Boaz" MAT 1 5 lj86 figs-ellipsis 0 Boaz the father ... Obed the father Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Boaz was the father ... Obed was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 1 5 q5bd 0 Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth "Boaz was the father of Obed, and Obed's mother was Ruth" or "Boaz and Ruth were the parents of Obed" MAT 1 6 r84m figs-ellipsis 0 David the father of Solomon by the wife of Uriah Here the word "was" is understood. "David was the father of Solomon, and Solomon's mother was Uriah's wife" or "David and the wife of Uriah were the parents of Solomon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 1 6 bp35 0 the wife of Uriah "the widow of Uriah." Solomon was born after Uriah died. MAT 1 7 r881 figs-ellipsis 0 Rehoboam the father of Abijah, Abijah the father of Asa The word "was" is understood in both of these phrases. Alternate translation: "Rehoboam was the father of Abijah, and Abijah was the father of Asa" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 1 10 bh7r 0 Amon Sometimes this is translated "Amos." MAT 1 11 dk1j 0 Josiah was an ancestor of Jechoniah A more specific term for "ancestor" can also be used, particularly if the word "ancestor" would only be used for someone who lived before one's grandparents. Alternate translation: "Josiah was a grandfather of Jechoniah" MAT 1 11 rj7p 0 at the time of the deportation to Babylon "when they were forced to move to Babylon" or "when the Babylonians conquered them and made them go live in Babylon." If your language needs to specify who went to Babylon, you could say "the Israelites" or "the Israelites who lived in Judah." MAT 1 11 v2im 0 Babylon Here this means the country of Babylon, not just the city of Babylon. MAT 1 12 y7cx 0 After the deportation to Babylon Use the same wording you used in [Matthew 1:11](../01/11.md). MAT 1 12 tx6g 0 Shealtiel was an ancestor of Zerubbabel Shealtiel was Zerubbabel's grandfather. MAT 1 15 lqk9 0 Connecting Statement: The author concludes Jesus' genealogy, which began in [Matthew 1:1](../01/01.md). MAT 1 16 b3bm figs-activepassive 0 Mary, by whom Jesus was born This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Mary, who gave birth to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 1 16 z2rg figs-activepassive 0 who is called Christ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom people call Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 1 17 jzq4 translate-numbers 0 fourteen "14" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 1 17 z5xw 0 deportation to Babylon Use the same wording you used in [Matthew 1:11](../01/11.md). MAT 1 18 gnl6 0 General Information: This begins a new part of the story in which the author describes the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. MAT 1 18 cqt1 figs-explicit 0 His mother, Mary, was engaged to marry Joseph "His mother, Mary, was going to marry Joseph." Parents normally arranged the marriages of their children. Alternate translation: "The parents of Mary, the mother of Jesus, had promised her in marriage to Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 1 18 e4ur figs-explicit 0 His mother, Mary, was engaged Translate in a way that makes it clear that Jesus was not already born when Mary was engaged to Joseph. Alternate translation: "Mary, who would be the mother of Jesus, was engaged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 1 18 xvk1 figs-euphemism 0 before they came together "before they got married." This may refer to Mary and Joseph sleeping together. Alternate translation: "before they had slept together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 1 18 in4a figs-activepassive 0 she was found to be pregnant This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they realized that she was going to have a baby" or "it happened that she was pregnant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 1 18 a71d 0 by the Holy Spirit The power of the Holy Spirit had enabled Mary to have a baby before she had slept with a man. MAT 1 19 j8eb figs-explicit 0 Joseph, her husband Joseph had not married Mary yet, but when a man and woman promised to marry each other, Jews considered them husband and wife though they did not live together. Alternate translation: "Joseph, who was supposed to marry Mary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 1 19 pu3p 0 divorce her "cancel their plans to get married" MAT 1 20 iip4 0 As he thought "As Joseph thought" MAT 1 20 fb7e 0 appeared to him in a dream "came to him while Joseph was dreaming" MAT 1 20 lc8r 0 son of David Here "son" means "descendant." MAT 1 20 va5e figs-activepassive 0 the one who is conceived in her is conceived by the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit caused Mary to become pregnant with this child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 1 21 j38f 0 She will give birth to a son Because God sent the angel, the angel knew the baby was a boy. MAT 1 21 glq8 0 you will call his name "you must name him" or "you must give him the name." This is a command. MAT 1 21 bf5z 0 for he will save Translator may add a footnote that says "The name 'Jesus' means 'the Lord saves.'" MAT 1 21 em9q 0 his people This refers to the Jews. MAT 1 22 p47i writing-background 0 General Information: The author quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' birth was according to scripture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 1 22 p9la 0 All this happened The angel is no longer speaking. Matthew is now explaining the importance of what the angel said. MAT 1 22 c1vw figs-activepassive 0 what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord told the prophet to write long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 1 22 p39k figs-explicit 0 the prophet There were many prophets. Matthew was speaking of Isaiah. Alternate translation: "the prophet Isaiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 1 23 q19h 0 Behold ... Immanuel Here Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah. MAT 1 23 dw7z 0 Behold, the virgin "Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: the virgin" MAT 1 23 sln1 translate-names 0 Immanuel This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 1 23 lm6t 0 which means, "God with us." This is not in the book of Isaiah. Matthew is explaining the meaning of the name "Immanuel." You could translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "This name means 'God with us.'" MAT 1 24 iue3 0 Connecting Statement: The author concludes his description of the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. MAT 1 24 iz4r 0 as the angel of the Lord commanded The angel had told Joseph to take Mary as his wife and to name the child Jesus. MAT 1 24 nr5e 0 he took her as his wife "he married Mary" MAT 1 25 i7p5 figs-euphemism 0 he did not know her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "he did not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 1 25 dlm9 0 to a son "to a male baby" or "to her son." Make sure it is clear that Joseph is not portrayed as the actual father. MAT 1 25 jtz8 0 Then he called his name Jesus "Joseph named the child Jesus" MAT 2 intro dz1c 0 # Matthew 02 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in verses 6 and 18, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### "His star"<br><br>These words probably refer to a star that the learned men believed to be the sign of a new king of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "Learned men"<br><br>English translations use many different words to translate this phrase. These words include "magi" and "wise men." These men could have been scientists or astrologers. If you can, you should translate this with the general word "learned men."<br> MAT 2 1 j9yn 0 General Information: A new part of the story begins here and continues through the end of the chapter. Matthew tells about Herod's attempt to kill the new King of the Jews. MAT 2 1 k518 0 Bethlehem of Judea "the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea" MAT 2 1 id55 0 in the days of Herod the king "when Herod was king there" MAT 2 1 kf5g 0 Herod This refers to Herod the Great. MAT 2 1 p6gc 0 learned men from the east "men from the east who studied the stars" MAT 2 1 ft22 0 from the east "from a country far east of Judea" MAT 2 2 v5t4 0 Where is he who was born King of the Jews? The men knew from studying the stars that the one who would become king had been born. They were trying to learn where he was. Alternate translation: "A baby who will become the king of the Jews has been born. Where is he?" MAT 2 2 zj7c 0 his star They were not saying that the baby was the rightful owner of the star. Alternate translation: "the star that tells about him" or "the star that is associated with his birth" MAT 2 2 a7y9 0 in the east "as it came up in the east" or "while we were in our country" MAT 2 2 v248 0 worship Possible meanings are 1) they intended to worship the baby as divine, or 2) they wanted to honor him as a human king. If your language has a word that includes both meanings, you should consider using it here. MAT 2 3 p5rw 0 he was troubled "he was worried." Herod was worried that this baby would replace him as king. MAT 2 3 qu3d figs-metonymy 0 all Jerusalem Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people. Also, "all" means "many." Matthew is exaggerating to emphasize how many people were worried. Alternate translation: "many of the people in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 2 4 ne4v 0 General Information: In verse 6, the chief priests and scribes of the people quote the prophet Micah to show that the Christ would be born in Bethlehem. MAT 2 5 w68n 0 In Bethlehem of Judea "In the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea" MAT 2 5 z2i4 figs-activepassive 0 this is what was written by the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what the prophet wrote long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 6 kmw7 figs-apostrophe 0 you, Bethlehem, ... are not the least among the leaders of Judah Micah was speaking to the people of Bethlehem as if they were with him but they were not. Also, "are not the least" can be translated with a positive phrase. Alternate translation: "you, people of Bethlehem, ... your town is among the most important towns in Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) MAT 2 6 tg5d figs-metaphor 0 who will shepherd my people Israel Micah speaks of this ruler as a shepherd. This means he will lead and care for the people. Alternate translation: "who will lead my people Israel as a shepherd leads his sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 2 7 b487 0 Herod secretly called the learned men This means that Herod talked to the learned men without other people knowing. MAT 2 7 tax3 figs-quotations 0 men to ask them exactly what time the star had appeared This can be translated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "men, and he asked them, 'When exactly did this star appear?'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 2 7 vng3 figs-explicit 0 what time the star had appeared It is implied that the learned men told him when the star appeared. Alternate translation: "what time the star had appeared. The learned men told Herod when the star first appeared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 2 8 v7y2 0 young child This refers to Jesus. MAT 2 8 t4u1 0 bring me word "let me know" or "tell me" or "report back to me" MAT 2 8 jtw7 0 worship him See how you translated this in [Matthew 2:2](../02/02.md). MAT 2 9 h1zx 0 After they "After the learned men" MAT 2 9 wl4r 0 they had seen in the east "they had seen come up in the east" or "they had seen in their country" MAT 2 9 hy1i 0 went before them "guided them" or "led them" MAT 2 9 jp2j 0 stood still over "stopped over" MAT 2 9 w3v1 0 where the young child was "the place where the young child was staying" MAT 2 11 pv3r 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to the house where Mary, Joseph, and the young Jesus were living. MAT 2 11 tu5s 0 They went "The learned men went" MAT 2 11 d41d translate-symaction 0 They fell down and worshiped him "They knelt down and put their faces close to the ground." They did this to honor Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 2 11 r452 figs-metonymy 0 their treasures Here "treasures" refers to the boxes or bags they used to carry their treasures. Alternate translation: "the containers that held their treasures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 2 12 zyq6 0 God warned them "Afterwards, God warned the learned men." God knew that Herod wanted to harm the child. MAT 2 12 dr1p figs-quotations 0 dream not to return to Herod, so This can be translated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "dream, saying, 'Do not go back to King Herod,' so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 2 13 brp5 0 General Information: In verse 15, Matthew quotes the prophet Hosea to show that the Christ would spend time in Egypt. MAT 2 13 iw8p 0 they had departed "the learned men had departed" MAT 2 13 zwj5 0 appeared to Joseph in a dream "came to Joseph while he was dreaming" MAT 2 13 u4a4 figs-you 0 Get up, take ... flee ... Remain ... you God is speaking to Joseph, so these should all be singular forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 2 13 v88f figs-explicit 0 until I tell you The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "until I tell you it is safe to come back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 2 13 g3t7 0 I tell you Here "I" refers to God. The angel is speaking for God. MAT 2 15 ft3a figs-explicit 0 He remained It is implied that Joseph, Mary, and Jesus remained in Egypt. Alternate translation: "They remained" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 2 15 d11g 0 until the death of Herod Herod does not die until [Matthew 2:19](../02/19.md). This statement describes the length of their stay in Egypt, and it does not say that Herod died at this time. MAT 2 15 d5wl 0 Out of Egypt I have called my son "I have called my son out of Egypt" MAT 2 15 dr9b 0 my son In Hosea this refers to the people of Israel. Matthew quoted it to say that this was true of God's Son, Jesus. Translate it using a word for son that could refer to the only son or the first son. MAT 2 16 s2la figs-events 0 General Information: These events happen before Herod's death, which Matthew mentioned in [Matthew 2:15](../02/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) MAT 2 16 yq7p 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts back to Herod and tells what he did when he learned that the learned men had deceived him. MAT 2 16 g513 figs-activepassive 0 he had been mocked by the learned men This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the learned men had embarrassed him by tricking him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 16 d8d5 figs-explicit 0 He sent and killed all the male children Herod did not kill the children himself. Alternate translation: "He gave orders for his soldiers to kill all the boys" or "He sent soldiers there to kill all the boy babies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 2 16 nkr1 translate-numbers 0 two years old and under "2 years old and younger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 2 16 dr3r 0 according to the time "based on the time" MAT 2 17 q1y9 0 General Information: Matthew quotes the prophet Jeremiah to show that the death of all of the male children in the region of Bethlehem was according to scripture. MAT 2 17 l8g5 figs-activepassive 0 Then was fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This fulfilled" or "Herod's actions fulfilled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 17 v6a1 figs-activepassive 0 what had been spoken through Jeremiah the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord spoke long ago through the prophet Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 18 p9gk 0 A voice was heard ... they were no more Matthew is quoting the prophet Jeremiah. MAT 2 18 k91t figs-activepassive 0 A voice was heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People heard a voice" or "There was a loud sound" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 18 zm17 0 Rachel weeping for her children Rachel lived many years before this time. This prophecy shows Rachel, who has died, weeping for her descendants. MAT 2 18 rgg1 figs-activepassive 0 she refused to be comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could comfort her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 18 p9ri figs-euphemism 0 because they were no more "because the children were gone and would never return." Here "were no more" is a mild way of saying they are dead. Alternate translation: "because they were dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 2 19 kt2i 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to Egypt, where Joseph, Mary, and the young Jesus are living. MAT 2 19 r4yu 0 behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 2 20 hz2m figs-euphemism 0 those who sought the child's life Here "sought the child's life" is a way of saying they wanted to kill the child. "Alternate translation: "those who were looking for the child in order to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 2 20 y6r6 0 those who sought This refers to King Herod and his advisors. MAT 2 22 kg7u 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 2:1](../02/01.md) about Herod's attempt to kill the new King of the Jews. MAT 2 22 uq8p 0 But when he heard "But when Joseph heard" MAT 2 22 h4cq translate-names 0 Archelaus This is the name of Herod's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 2 22 zk37 0 he was afraid "Joseph was afraid" MAT 2 23 dx5i figs-activepassive 0 what had been spoken through the prophets This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord spoke long ago through the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 2 23 hc8g translate-names 0 he would be called a Nazarene Here "he" refers to Jesus. The prophets before the time of Jesus would have referred to him as the Messiah or the Christ. Alternate translation: "people would say that the Christ is a Nazarene" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 3 intro a6h3 0 # Matthew 03 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quoted material in verse 3.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### "Bear fruit worthy of repentance"<br><br>Fruit is a common picture word in the scriptures. Writers use it to describe the results of either good or bad behavior. In this chapter, good fruit is the result of living as God commands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "The kingdom of heaven is near"<br><br>No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near."<br> MAT 3 1 xp3z 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of the ministry of John the Baptist. In verse 3, Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that John the Baptist was God's appointed messenger to prepare for Jesus' ministry. MAT 3 1 d74m 0 In those days This is many years after Joseph and his family left Egypt and went to Nazareth. This is probably near the time that Jesus begins his ministry. Alternate translation: "Some time later" or "Some years later" MAT 3 2 w7e9 figs-you 0 Repent This is plural in form. John is speaking to the crowds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 3 2 hvx8 figs-metonymy 0 the kingdom of heaven is near The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use the word "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 3 3 fl4v figs-activepassive 0 For this is he who was spoken of by Isaiah the prophet, saying This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Isaiah the prophet was speaking of John the Baptist when he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 3 hxb6 0 The voice of one calling out in the wilderness This can be expressed as a sentence. Alternate translation: "The voice of one calling out in the wilderness is heard" or "They hear the sound of someone calling out in the wilderness" MAT 3 3 yhe7 figs-parallelism 0 Make ready the way of the Lord ... make his paths straight These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 3 3 y8b5 figs-metaphor 0 Make ready the way of the Lord "Get the road ready for the Lord." Doing this represents being prepared to hear the Lord's message when he comes. People do this by repenting of their sins. Alternate translation: "Prepare to hear the Lord's message when he comes" or "Repent and be ready for the Lord to come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 3 4 j647 writing-background 0 Now ... wild honey The word "Now" is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew tells background information about John the Baptist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 3 4 x7f3 translate-symaction 0 wore clothing of camel's hair and a leather belt around his waist This clothing symbolizes that John is a prophet like the prophets from long ago, especially the prophet Elijah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 3 5 j8ke figs-metonymy 0 Then Jerusalem, all Judea, and all the region The words "Jerusalem," "Judea," and "the region" are metonyms for the people from those areas. The word "all" is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many people went out. Alternate translation: Then very may people from Jerusalem, Judea, and that region" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 3 6 v5xn figs-activepassive 0 They were baptized by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "John baptized them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 6 gi4r 0 They This refers to the people coming from Jerusalem, Judea, and the region around the Jordan River. MAT 3 7 b2br 0 General Information: John the Baptist begins to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 3 7 fjl3 figs-metaphor 0 You offspring of vipers, who This is a metaphor. Here "offspring" means "having the characteristic of." Vipers are a kind of dangerous snakes and represent evil. This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "You evil poisonous snakes! Who" or "You are evil like poisonous snakes! Who" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 3 7 c4cl figs-rquestion 0 who warned you to flee from the wrath that is coming? John uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees because they were asking him to baptize them so that God would not punish them, but they did not want to stop sinning. Alternate translation: "you cannot flee from God's wrath like this." or "do not think that you can flee from God's wrath just because I baptize you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 3 7 h7ac figs-metonymy 0 flee from the wrath that is coming The word "wrath" is being used to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: "run away from the punishment that is coming" or "escape because God is about to punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 3 8 s8ac figs-metaphor 0 Bear fruit worthy of repentance The phrase "bear fruit" is a metaphor referring to a person's actions. Alternate translation: "Let your actions show that you have truly repented" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 3 9 q7b1 figs-explicit 0 We have Abraham for our father "Abraham is our ancestor" or "We are descendants of Abraham." The Jewish leaders thought that God would not punish them since they were descendants of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 3 9 r29p 0 For I say to you This adds emphasis to what John is about to say. MAT 3 9 k843 0 God is able to raise up children for Abraham even out of these stones "God is able to make physical descendants out of even these stones and give them to Abraham" MAT 3 10 ls7m 0 Connecting Statement: John the Baptist continues to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 3 10 ke4s figs-metaphor 0 Already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire This metaphor means God is ready to punish sinners. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has his axe and he is ready to cut down and burn any tree that grows bad fruit" or "As a person gets his axe ready to cut down and burn a tree that grows bad fruit, God is ready to punish you for your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 11 lx69 0 for repentance "to show that you have repented" MAT 3 11 mc2r 0 But he who comes after me Jesus is the person who comes after John. MAT 3 11 c1xf 0 is mightier than I "is more important than I am" MAT 3 11 gtm7 figs-metaphor 0 He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire This metaphor compares John's baptism with water to the future baptism with fire. This means John's baptism only symbolically cleanses people of their sins. The baptism by Holy Spirit and fire will truly cleanse people of their sins. If possible, use the word "baptize" in your translation to keep the comparison to John's baptism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 3 12 gcq8 figs-metaphor 0 His winnowing fork is in his hand to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor This metaphor compares the way Christ will separate the righteous people from the unrighteous people to the way a man separates wheat grain from chaff. Alternate translation: "Christ is like a man whose winnowing fork is in his hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 3 12 sq4p figs-idiom 0 His winnowing fork is in his hand Here "in his hand" means the person is ready to act. Alternate translation: "Christ is holding a winnowing fork because he is ready" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 3 12 b5m4 translate-unknown 0 winnowing fork This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar in shape to a pitchfork but with wide tines made of wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 3 12 yw29 0 to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor Christ is like a man with a winnowing fork who is ready to clear off his threshing floor. MAT 3 12 r2ua 0 his threshing floor "his ground" or "the ground where he separates the grain from the chaff" MAT 3 12 av8l figs-metaphor 0 gather his wheat into the storehouse ... burn up the chaff with fire that can never be put This is a metaphor showing how God will separate righteous people from evil people. The righteous will go to heaven like wheat into a farmer's storehouse, and God will burn the people who are like chaff with a fire that will never be put out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 3 12 bdb7 figs-activepassive 0 can never be put out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will never burn out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 13 vl93 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to a later time when John the Baptist baptizes Jesus. MAT 3 13 zbj9 figs-activepassive 0 to be baptized by John This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so John could baptize him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 14 cl7t figs-rquestion 0 I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me? John uses a question to show his surprise at Jesus' request. Alternate translation: "You are more important than I am. I should not baptize you. You should baptize me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 3 15 h6ca figs-inclusive 0 for us Here "us" refers to Jesus and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) MAT 3 16 n8bk 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story about John the Baptist. It describes what happened after he baptized Jesus. MAT 3 16 inf6 figs-activepassive 0 After he was baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After John baptized Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 16 sf5w 0 behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. MAT 3 16 jh1v figs-activepassive 0 the heavens were opened to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus saw the sky open" or "God opened the heavens to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 3 16 e3na figs-simile 0 coming down like a dove Possible meanings are 1) this is simply a statement that the Spirit was in the form of a dove or 2) this is a simile that compares the Spirit coming down upon Jesus gently, the way a dove would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 3 17 m2wk figs-metonymy 0 a voice came out of the heavens saying "Jesus heard a voice from heaven." Here "voice" refers to God speaking. Alternate translation: "God spoke from heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 3 17 myz8 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 4 intro hgw2 0 # Matthew 04 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in verses 6, 15 and 16, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quotation in verse 10.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "the kingdom of heaven has come near"<br><br>No one knows for use whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when Jesus spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phase "is coming near" and "has come near."<br><br>##### "If you are the Son of God"<br><br>The reader should not understand these words in verses 3 and 6 to mean that Satan did not know whether Jesus was the Son of God. God had already said that Jesus was his Son ([Matthew 3:17](../../mat/03/17.md)), so Satan knew who Jesus was. He also knew that Jesus could make stones become bread and could throw himself off of high places and not be hurt. He was trying to make Jesus do these things and so disobey God and obey Satan. These words can be translated as "Because you are the Son of God" or "You are the Son of God. Show me what you can do." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]])<br> MAT 4 1 k51m 0 General Information: Here Matthew begins a new part of the story in which Jesus spends 40 days in the wilderness, where Satan tempts him. In verse 4, Jesus rebukes Satan with a quotation from Deuteronomy. MAT 4 1 aq3s figs-activepassive 0 Jesus was led up by the Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Spirit led Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 1 wy4b figs-activepassive 0 to be tempted by the devil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so the devil could tempt Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 2 iw2i 0 he had fasted ... he was hungry These refer to Jesus. MAT 4 2 cft7 translate-numbers 0 forty days and forty nights "40 days and 40 nights." This refers to 24-hour periods. Alternate translation: "40 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 4 3 vl86 0 The tempter These words refer to the same being as "the devil" (verse 1). You may have to use the same word to translate both. MAT 4 3 l1lk 0 If you are the Son of God, command It is best to assume that Satan knew that Jesus is the Son of God. Possible meanings are 1) this is a temptation to do miracles for Jesus' own benefit. Alternate translation: "You are the Son of God, so you can command" or 2) this is a challenge or accusation. Alternate translation: "Prove that you are the Son of God by commanding" MAT 4 3 c1ac guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 the Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 4 3 m1va figs-quotations 0 command these stones to become bread. You could translate this with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "say to these stones, 'Become bread.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 4 3 t3xm figs-synecdoche 0 bread Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 4 4 fd67 figs-activepassive 0 It is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses wrote this in the scriptures long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 4 rld7 0 Man shall not live on bread alone This implies that there is something more important to life than food. MAT 4 4 jl6f figs-metonymy 0 but by every word that comes out of the mouth of God Here "word" and "mouth" refer to what God says. Alternate translation: "but by listening to everything that God says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 4 5 r4a5 0 General Information: In verse 6, Satan quotes from the Psalms in order to tempt Jesus. MAT 4 6 fa8l 0 If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down It is best to assume that Satan knew that Jesus is the Son of God. Possible meanings are 1) this is a temptation to do a miracle for Jesus' own benefit. Alternate translation: "Since you are truly the Son of God, you can throw yourself down" or 2) this is a challenge or accusation. Alternate translation: "Prove that you are truly the Son of God by throwing yourself down" MAT 4 6 x2vg guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 the Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 4 6 c5kr 0 throw yourself down "let yourself fall to the ground" or "jump down" MAT 4 6 a5h2 figs-activepassive 0 for it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the writer wrote in the scriptures" or "for it says in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 6 ebc9 figs-quotations 0 'He will command his angels to take care of you,' and "God will command his angels to take care of you, and" This can be translated with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "God will say to his angels, 'Take care of him,' and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 4 6 f1mm 0 They will lift you up "The angels will hold you" MAT 4 7 j6cb 0 General Information: In verse 7, Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy. MAT 4 7 u5jp figs-activepassive 0 Again it is written It is understood that Jesus is quoting scripture again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Again, I will tell you what Moses wrote in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 4 7 c7t5 0 You must not test Here "you" refers to anyone. Alternate translation: "One should not test" or "No person should test" MAT 4 8 d12q 0 Again, the devil "Next, the devil" MAT 4 9 bq1u 0 He said to him "The devil said to Jesus" MAT 4 9 al72 0 All these things I will give you "I will give you all these things." The tempter is emphasizing here that he will give "all these things," not just some of them. MAT 4 9 eas8 translate-symaction 0 fall down "put your face near the ground." This was a common action to show that a person was worshiping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 4 10 s91r 0 General Information: In verse 10, Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy. MAT 4 10 h8fd 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story about how Satan tempted Jesus. MAT 4 10 k49q figs-activepassive 0 For it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Moses also wrote in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 10 rig8 figs-you 0 You will worship ... you will serve Both instances of "you" are singular, a command to everyone who hears it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 4 11 s49z 0 behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the important new information that follows. MAT 4 12 v7p4 writing-background 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story in which Matthew describes the beginning of Jesus' ministry in Galilee. These verses explain how Jesus came to be in Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 4 12 wib2 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 4 12 d1vi figs-activepassive 0 John had been arrested This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king had arrested John" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 13 hpm4 figs-explicit 0 in the territories of Zebulun and Naphtali "Zebulun" and "Naphtali" are the names of the tribes that lived in these territories many years earlier before foreigners took control of the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 4 14 n85z 0 General Information: In verses 15 and 16, Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' ministry in Galilee was a fulfillment of prophecy. MAT 4 14 jb4p 0 This happened This refers to Jesus' going to live in Capernaum. MAT 4 14 tj7c figs-activepassive 0 what was said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 15 egx6 0 The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali ... Galilee of the Gentiles! These territories describe the same area. MAT 4 15 bmz6 0 toward the sea This is the Sea of Galilee. MAT 4 16 e278 0 The people who sat These words can be combined with the sentence beginning with "The land of Zebulun" (verse 15). Alternate translation: "In the territory of Zebulun and Naphtali ... where many Gentiles live, the people who sat" MAT 4 16 h2xr figs-metaphor 0 The people who sat in darkness have seen a great light Here "darkness" is a metaphor for not knowing the truth about God. And "light" is a metaphor for God's true message that saves people from their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 4 16 nn1r figs-parallelism 0 to those who sat in the region and shadow of death, upon them has a light arisen This basically has the same meaning as the first part of the sentence. Here "those who sat in the region and shadow of death" is a metaphor. It represents those who did not know God. These people were in danger of dying and being separated from God forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 4 17 dku3 figs-metonymy 0 the kingdom of heaven has come near The phrase "the kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, include a word that means "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 4 18 yrx7 0 General Information: This begins a new scene within the part of the story about Jesus' ministry in Galilee. Here he begins to gather men to be his disciples. MAT 4 18 yfh5 figs-explicit 0 casting a net into the sea The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "throwing a net into the water to catch fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 4 19 y3zg 0 Come, follow me Jesus invites Simon and Andrew to follow him, live with him, and become his disciples. Alternate translation: "Be my disciples" MAT 4 19 n9h3 figs-metaphor 0 I will make you fishers of men This metaphor means Simon and Andrew will teach people God's true message, so others will also follow Jesus. Alternate translation: "I will teach you to gather men to me like you used to gather fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 4 21 pcg6 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus calls more men to be his disciples. MAT 4 21 utn4 0 He called them "Jesus called John and James." This phrase also means that Jesus invited them to follow him, live with him, and become his disciples. MAT 4 22 dlk3 0 they immediately left "at that moment they left" MAT 4 22 gr2i 0 left the boat ... and followed him It should be clear that this is a life change. These men are no longer going to be fishermen and are leaving the family business to follow Jesus for the rest of their lives. MAT 4 23 y3qe writing-endofstory 0 This is the end of the part of the story about the beginning of Jesus' ministry in Galilee. These verses summarize what he did and how the people responded. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]]) MAT 4 23 ztr8 0 teaching in their synagogues "teaching in the synagogues of the Galileans" or "teaching in the synagogues of those people" MAT 4 23 jt3m figs-metonymy 0 preaching the gospel of the kingdom Here "kingdom" refers to God's reign as king. Alternate translation: "preaching the good news that God will show himself as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 4 23 nr8m 0 every kind of disease and sickness The words "disease" and "sickness" are closely related but should be translated as two different words if possible. "Disease" is what causes a person to be sick. MAT 4 23 uc55 0 sickness is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease. MAT 4 24 i296 figs-activepassive 0 those possessed by demons This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom demons controlled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 4 24 p3nf figs-genericnoun 0 the epileptic This refers to anyone there who had epilepsy, not to a particular epileptic. Alternate translation: "those who sometimes had seizures" or "those who sometimes became unconscious and moved uncontrollably" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]]) MAT 4 24 qk4c figs-genericnoun 0 and paralytic This refers to anyone there who was paralyzed, not to a particular paralytic. Alternate translation: "and any who were paralyzed" or "and those who could not walk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]]) MAT 4 25 i9m7 translate-names 0 the Decapolis This name means "the Ten Towns." This is the name of a region to the southeast of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 5 intro awz8 0 # Matthew 05 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Many people call the words in Matthew 5-7 the Sermon on the Mount. This is one long lesson that Jesus taught. Bibles divide this lesson into three chapters, but this can sometimes confuse the reader. If your translation divides the text into sections, be sure that the reader understands that the whole sermon is one large section.<br><br>Matthew 5:3-10, known as the Beatitudes or Blessings, has been set apart by being set farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text, with each line beginning with the word "blessed." This way of placing the words on the page highlights the poetic form of this teaching.<br><br>Jesus spoke about many different subjects in this sermon, so you may wish to help the reader by putting an empty line into the text whenever Jesus changed the subject.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### "His disciples"<br><br>It is possible to refer to anyone who followed Jesus as a follower or disciple. Jesus selected twelve of his followers to become his closest disciples, "the twelve disciples." They would later become known as the apostles.<br> MAT 5 1 hz26 0 General Information: In verse 3, Jesus begins to describe the characteristics of people who are blessed. MAT 5 1 c5rq 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a new part of the story in which Jesus begins to teach his disciples. This part continues through the end of chapter 7 and is frequently called the Sermon on the Mount. MAT 5 2 q9mm figs-idiom 0 He opened his mouth This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Jesus began to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 5 2 ji1p 0 taught them The word "them" refers to his disciples. MAT 5 3 j7ct figs-idiom 0 the poor in spirit This means someone who is humble. Alternate translation: "those who know they need God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 5 3 wpi6 figs-metonymy 0 for theirs is the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 4 pgy8 0 those who mourn Possible reasons they are sad are 1) the sinfulness of the world or 2) their own sins or 3) the death of someone. Do not specify the reason for mourning unless your language requires it. MAT 5 4 lie5 figs-activepassive 0 they will be comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will comfort them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 5 mvb1 0 the meek "the gentle" or "those who do not rely on their own power" MAT 5 5 iy1y 0 they will inherit the earth "God will give them the entire earth" MAT 5 6 bi1j figs-metaphor 0 those who hunger and thirst for righteousness This metaphor describes people who strongly desire to do what is right. Alternate translation: "those who desire to live right as much as they desire food and drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 6 hlq2 figs-activepassive 0 they will be filled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will fill them" or "God will satisfy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 8 s9gd figs-metonymy 0 the pure in heart "people whose hearts are pure." Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being or intentions. Alternate translation: "those who only want to serve God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 8 t6ni 0 they will see God Here "see" means they will be able to live in God's presence. Alternate translation: "God will allow them to live with him" MAT 5 9 p1ez 0 the peacemakers These are the people who help others to have peace with one another. MAT 5 9 tv19 figs-activepassive 0 for they will be called sons of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God will call them his children" or "they will be children of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 9 vcr2 0 sons of God It is best to translate "sons" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human son or child. MAT 5 10 bqu7 figs-activepassive 0 those who have been persecuted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those people whom others treat unfairly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 10 xnb6 0 for righteousness' sake "because they do what God wants them to do" MAT 5 10 f3li figs-metonymy 0 theirs is the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:3](../05/03.md). Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 11 jvm4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes describing the characteristics of people who are blessed. MAT 5 11 t5kb figs-you 0 Blessed are you The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 11 rk69 0 say all kinds of evil things against you falsely "say all kinds of evil lies about you" or "say bad things about you that are not true" MAT 5 11 eez3 0 for my sake "because you follow me" or because you believe in me" MAT 5 12 ssk9 figs-doublet 0 Rejoice and be very glad "Rejoice" and "be very glad" mean almost the same thing. Jesus wanted his hearers not merely to rejoice but to do even more than rejoice if possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) MAT 5 13 qp6l 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach about how his disciples are like salt and light. MAT 5 13 i3zp figs-metaphor 0 You are the salt of the earth Possible meanings are 1) just as salt makes food good, disciples of Jesus influence the people of the world so that they will be good. Alternate translation: "You are like salt for the people of the world" or 2) just as salt preserves food, disciples of Jesus keep people from becoming totally corrupt. Alternate translation: "As salt is for food, you are for the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 13 jv56 figs-metaphor 0 if the salt has lost its taste Possible meanings are 1) "if the salt has lost its power to do things that salt does" or 2) "if the salt has lost its flavor." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 13 wp9g figs-rquestion 0 how can it be made salty again? "how can it be made useful again?" Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. Alternate translation: "there is no way for it to become useful again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 13 e7cz figs-activepassive 0 except to be thrown out and trampled under people's feet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "except for people to throw it out into the road and walk on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 14 wgh5 figs-metaphor 0 You are the light of the world This means Jesus' followers bring the message of God's truth to all the people who do not know God. Alternate translation: "You are like a light for the people of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 14 bn28 figs-explicit 0 A city set on a hill cannot be hidden At night when it is dark, people can see the city lights shining. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "During the night, no one can hide the lights that shine from a city on a hill" or "Everyone sees the lights of a city on a hill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 15 s5sb 0 Neither do people light a lamp "People do not light a lamp" MAT 5 15 c8el 0 put it under a basket "place the lamp under a basket." This is saying it is foolish to create light only to hide it so people do not see the light of the lamp. MAT 5 16 qhp8 figs-metaphor 0 Let your light shine before people This means a disciple of Jesus should live in such a way that others can learn about God's truth. Alternate translation: "Let your lives be like a light that shines before people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 16 iiu8 0 your Father who is in heaven It is best to translate "Father" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human father. MAT 5 17 p63n 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. MAT 5 17 gg3k figs-metonymy 0 the prophets This refers to what the prophets wrote in the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 18 lky5 0 truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 5 18 cv3m figs-merism 0 until heaven and earth pass away Here "heaven" and "earth" refer to the entire universe. Alternate translation: "as long as the universe lasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) MAT 5 18 ylz6 figs-explicit 0 not one jot or one tittle The jot was the smallest Hebrew letter, and the tittle was a small mark that was the difference between two Hebrew letters. Alternate translation: "not even the smallest written letter or the smallest part of a letter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 5 18 m5pf figs-activepassive 0 all things have been accomplished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all things have happened" or "God causes all things to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 18 n77j figs-explicit 0 all things The phrase "all things" refers to everything in the law. Alternate translation: "everything in the law" or "all that is written in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 5 19 uxz2 0 whoever breaks "whoever disobeys" or "whoever ignores" MAT 5 19 k9th 0 the least one of these commandments "any of these commandments, even the least important one" MAT 5 19 dv5c figs-activepassive 0 whoever ... teaches others to do so will be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if anyone ... teaches others to do so, God will call that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 19 bg2v figs-metonymy 0 least in the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in Matthew. If possible use "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "the least important in his heavenly kingdom" or "the least important under the rule of our God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 19 u5kp 0 keeps them and teaches them "obeys all these commandments and teaches others to do the same" MAT 5 19 nk9n 0 great most important MAT 5 20 jwm9 0 For I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 5 20 vsc5 figs-you 0 you ... your ... you These are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 20 l3lv figs-doublenegatives 0 that unless your righteousness exceeds ... Pharisees, you will in no way enter This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "that your righteousness must exceed ... Pharisees in order to enter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 5 21 x5vy figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "you have heard" and "I say to you." The understood "you" is singular in "Do not kill," but in some languages it may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 21 us5a 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about murder and anger. MAT 5 21 t6k5 figs-activepassive 0 it was said to them in ancient times This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: "God said to those who lived long ago" or "Moses said to your ancestors long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 21 mij2 figs-explicit 0 Whoever kills will be in danger of the judgment Here "the judgment" implies that a judge will condemn the person to die. Alternate translation: "A judge will condemn anyone who kills another person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 5 21 y44x 0 kill ... kills This word refers to murder, not to all forms of killing. MAT 5 21 r2k4 figs-explicit 0 will be in danger of the judgment It seems here Jesus is not referring to a human judge but rather to God condemning the person who is angry with his brother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 5 22 e9gg 0 But I say Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is equally important to the original commands from God. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis. MAT 5 22 d5nl 0 brother This refers to a fellow believer, not to a literal brother or a neighbor. MAT 5 22 w721 0 worthless person ... fool These are insults for people who cannot think correctly. "Worthless person" is close to "brainless," where "fool" adds the idea of disobedience to God. MAT 5 22 s89d 0 council This was likely a local council, not the main Sanhedrin in Jerusalem. MAT 5 23 msz4 figs-you 0 you Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 23 r49y 0 offering your gift "giving your gift" or "bringing your gift" MAT 5 23 chv4 figs-explicit 0 at the altar It is implied that this is God's altar at the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "to God at the altar in the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 5 23 dz75 0 there remember "while you are standing at the altar you remember" MAT 5 23 xvf5 0 your brother has anything against you "another person is angry with you because of something you did" MAT 5 24 z9m5 figs-activepassive 0 First be reconciled with your brother This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "First make peace with the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 25 x4ta figs-you 0 Agree with your Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 25 sr9d 0 your accuser This is a person who blames someone for doing something wrong. He takes the wrongdoer to court to accuse him before a judge. MAT 5 25 x1tk figs-idiom 0 may hand you over to the judge Here "hand you over" means to give someone into the control of someone else. Alternate translation: "will let the judge deal with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 5 25 pq6d figs-idiom 0 the judge may hand you over to the officer Here "hand you over" means to give someone into the control of someone else. Alternate translation: "the judge will give you over to the officer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 5 25 gcm5 0 officer a person who has authority to carry out the decisions of a judge MAT 5 25 pzh4 figs-activepassive 0 you may be thrown into prison This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the officer might put you in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 26 gec9 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 5 26 eem5 0 from there "from prison" MAT 5 27 c8dn figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "you have heard" and "I say to you." The understood "you" is singular in "Do not commit adultery," but in some languages it may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 27 mj3g 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about adultery and lust. MAT 5 27 jxg5 figs-activepassive 0 that it was said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God said" or "that Moses said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 27 yn7m 0 commit This word means to act out or do something. MAT 5 28 qfl6 0 But I say Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is equally important to the original commands from God. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:22](../05/22.md). MAT 5 28 glg9 figs-metaphor 0 everyone who looks on a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart This metaphor indicates that a man who lusts after a woman is as guilty of adultery as a man who actually commits the act of adultery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 28 k7sc 0 to lust after her "and lusts after her" or "and desires to sleep with her" MAT 5 28 eqs8 figs-metonymy 0 in his heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's thoughts. Alternate translation: "in his mind" or "in his thoughts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 29 et3n figs-you 0 If your Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All instances of "you" and "your" are singular, but in some langugaes they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 29 ikp5 figs-metonymy 0 If your right eye causes you to stumble Here "eye" refers to what a person sees. And, "stumble" is a metaphor for "sin." Alternate translation: "if what you see causes you to stumble" or "if you want to sin because of what you see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 29 mb58 figs-idiom 0 right eye This means the most important eye, as opposed to the left eye. You may need to translate "right" as "better" or "stronger." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 5 29 v6jr figs-hyperbole 0 pluck it out This is an exaggerated command for a person to do whatever he needs to do to stop sinning. It means "forcefully remove it" or "destroy it." If the right eye is not specifically mentioned, you may need to translate this "destroy your eyes." If eyes have been mentioned, you may need to translate this "destroy them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 5 29 zg1v 0 throw it away from you "get rid of it" MAT 5 29 im6u 0 one of your body parts should perish "you should lose one part of your body" MAT 5 29 v1cn figs-activepassive 0 than that your whole body should be thrown into hell This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "than for God to throw your whole body into hell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 30 zx8x figs-metonymy 0 If your right hand causes In this metonymy, the hand stands for the actions of the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 5 30 hk9z figs-idiom 0 right hand This means the most important hand, as opposed to the left hand. You may need to translate "right" as "better" or "stronger." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 5 30 qs74 figs-hyperbole 0 cut it off This is an exaggerated command for a person to do whatever he needs to do to stop sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 5 31 fdr8 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about divorce. MAT 5 31 dh23 figs-activepassive 0 It was also said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God also said" or "Moses also said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 31 quq9 figs-euphemism 0 sends his wife away This is a euphemism for divorce. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 5 31 tp9l 0 let him give "he must give" MAT 5 32 q6aq 0 But I say Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is equally important to the original commands from God. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:22](../05/22.md). MAT 5 32 j2aq 0 makes her an adulteress It is the man who divorces the woman improperly who "causes her to commit adultery." In many cultures it would be normal for her to remarry, but if the divorce is improper, such a remarriage is adultery. MAT 5 32 zai7 figs-activepassive 0 her after she has been divorced This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "her after her husband has divorced her" or "the divorced woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 33 i5ak figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "you have heard" and "I say to you." The "you" and "your" are singular in "Do not swear" and "carry out your oaths," but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 33 dg2a 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about swearing oaths. MAT 5 33 vv1e 0 Again, you "Also, you" or "Here is another example. You" MAT 5 33 fk86 figs-activepassive 0 it was said to those in ancient times This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: "God said to those who lived long ago" or "Moses said to your ancestors long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 33 tk9y 0 Do not swear a false oath, but carry out your oaths to the Lord. "Do not swear that you will do something and then not do it. Instead do whatever you have sworn to the Lord that you will do" MAT 5 34 mpk1 0 But I say Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is equally important to the original commands from God. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:22](../05/22.md). MAT 5 34 m2n6 0 swear not at all "Do not swear at all" or "Do not swear by anything" MAT 5 34 u7su figs-metaphor 0 it is the throne of God Because God reigns from heaven, Jesus speaks of heaven as if it were a throne. Alternate translation: "it is from here that God rules" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 35 c8lx 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes his words from verse 34, telling the people not to swear. MAT 5 35 v2hf 0 nor by the earth ... city of the great King Here Jesus means that when people make a promise or when they say that something is true, they must not swear by anything. Some people were teaching that if a person swears by God that he will do something, then he must do it, but if he swears by something else, such as by heaven or earth, then it is less offensive if he does not do what he swore to do. Jesus says that swearing by heaven or earth or Jerusalem is just as serious as swearing by God because those things all belong to God. MAT 5 35 e7z8 figs-metaphor 0 it is the footstool for his feet This metaphor means the earth also belongs to God. Alternate translation: "it is like a footstool where a king rests his feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 5 35 e6zn 0 for it is the city of the great King "for it is the city that belongs to God, the great King" MAT 5 36 kr2d 0 General Information: Previously Jesus told his hearers that God's throne, footstool, and earthly home are not theirs to swear by. Here he says that they may not swear even by their own heads. MAT 5 36 l9c8 figs-you 0 your ... you Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All occurrences of these words are singular, but you may have to translate them as plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 36 z5vu 0 swear This refers to taking an oath. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:34](../05/34.md). MAT 5 37 tke6 0 let your speech be 'Yes, yes,' or 'No, no.' "if you mean 'yes,' say 'yes,' and if you mean 'no,' say 'no.'" MAT 5 38 quy6 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "you have heard" and "I say to you." The "you" in "whoever strikes you" and the understood "you" in "turn to him" are both singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 38 s39u 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about retaliating against an enemy. MAT 5 38 zar1 figs-activepassive 0 that it was said This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:27](../05/27.md). Alternate translation: "that God God said" or "that Moses said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 38 w53l 0 eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth The law of Moses allowed a person to harm a person in the same way he had harmed him, but he could not harm him worse. MAT 5 39 x2y9 0 But I say Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is equally important to the original commands from God. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis. MAT 5 39 qrx1 0 one who is evil "an evil person" or "someone who harms you" MAT 5 39 ec5y 0 strikes ... your right cheek To strike the side of a man's face was an insult in Jesus' culture. As with the eye and the hand, the right cheek is the more important one, and striking that cheek was a terrible insult. MAT 5 39 d5xg 0 strikes hits with the back of an open hand MAT 5 39 wz54 0 turn to him the other also "let him hit your other cheek also" MAT 5 40 gr2x figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are singular, including the understood "you" in the commands "let," "go," "give," and "do not turn away." In some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 40 t9f4 0 coat ... cloak The "coat" was worn close to the body, like a heavy shirt or a sweater. The "cloak," the more valuable of the two, was worn over the "coat" for warmth and also used as a blanket for warmth at night. MAT 5 40 p5m2 0 let that person also have "give also to that person" MAT 5 41 i867 figs-explicit 0 Whoever "Anyone who." The context implies that he is speaking about a Roman soldier. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 5 41 i86s 0 one mile This is one thousand paces, which is the distance a Roman soldier could legally force someone to carry something for him. If "mile" is confusing, it can be translated as "one kilometer" or "a distance." MAT 5 41 n8r4 0 with him This refers to the one who compels you to go. MAT 5 41 zv6i 0 go with him two "go the mile he forces you to go, and then go another mile." If "mile" is confusing, you can translate it as "two kilometers" or "twice as far." MAT 5 42 pe6x 0 do not turn away from "do not refuse to lend to." This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "lend to" MAT 5 43 cyz3 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "you have heard" and "I say to you." The "you" and "your" are singular in "You must love your neighbor and hate your enemy," but in some languages they may need to be plural. All occurrences of "you" and "your" after that are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 43 xf8l 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about loving enemies. MAT 5 43 fp6x figs-activepassive 0 that it was said This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:27](../05/27.md). Alternate translation: "that God God said" or "that Moses said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 5 43 tqj3 figs-genericnoun 0 your neighbor Here the word "neighbor" does not refer to a specific neighbor, but to any members of one's community or people group. These are people whom one usually desires to treat kindly or at least believes he ought to treat kindly. Alternate translation: "your countrymen" or "those who belong to your people group" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]]) MAT 5 44 f9lp 0 But I say Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is equally important to the original commands from God. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:22](../05/22.md). MAT 5 45 my3d 0 you may be sons of your Father It is best to translate "sons" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to human sons or children. MAT 5 45 jzu9 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 5 46 g5t7 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All instances of "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 5 46 sf7k 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes teaching about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. This section began in [Matthew 5:17](../05/17.md). MAT 5 46 se4k figs-rquestion 0 what reward do you get? Jesus uses this question to teach the people that loving those who love them is not something special that God will reward them for. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternative translation: "you will get no reward." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 5 46 cb77 figs-rquestion 0 Do not even the tax collectors do the same thing? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternative translation: "Even the tax collectors do the same thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 5 47 ba6e figs-rquestion 0 what do you do more than others? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you do nothing more than others." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 5 47 ben5 0 greet This is a general term for showing a desire for the well-being of the hearer. MAT 5 47 elw9 figs-rquestion 0 Do not even the Gentiles do the same thing? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Even the Gentiles do the same thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 5 48 l6pa guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 intro jrj2 0 # Matthew 06 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Matthew 6 continues Jesus' extended teaching known as "The Sermon on the Mount."<br><br>You may wish to set apart the prayer in 6:9-11 by placing it farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.<br><br>Jesus spoke about many different subjects in this sermon, so you may wish to help the reader by putting an empty line into the text whenever Jesus changed the subject.<br> MAT 6 1 zvn1 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 1 at4q 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach his disciples in his Sermon on the Mount, which began in [Matthew 5:3](../05/03.md). In this section, Jesus addresses the "acts of righteousness" of alms, prayer, and fasting. MAT 6 1 bgc7 figs-explicit 0 before people to be seen by them It is implied that those who see the person will honor him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in front of people just so that they can see you and give you honor for what you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 1 juj5 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 2 d8kw figs-metaphor 0 do not sound a trumpet before yourself This metaphor means to do something that purposefully gets people's attention. Alternate translation: "do not draw attention to yourself like someone who plays a loud trumpet in a crowd" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 2 dk6u 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 6 3 z4c1 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 3 te4n 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach his disciples about alms. MAT 6 3 vca2 figs-metaphor 0 do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing This is a metaphor for total secrecy. Just as hands usually work together and each can be said to "know" what the other is doing at all times, you should not let even those closest to you know when you are giving to the poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 4 h4we figs-activepassive 0 your gift may be given in secret This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you can give to the poor without other people knowing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 5 m54u figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" in verses 5 and 7 are plural; in verse 6 they are singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 5 a7z4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach about prayer. MAT 6 5 e12v figs-explicit 0 so that they may be seen by people It is implied that those who see them will give them honor. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that people will see them and give them honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 5 z3h6 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 6 6 dqv4 0 enter your inner chamber. Shut the door "go to a private place" or "go where you can be alone" MAT 6 6 vdr7 0 Father who is in secret Possible meanings are 1) no one can see God. Alternate translation: "Father, who is invisible" or 2) God is in that private place with the praying person. Alternate translation: "Father, who is with you in private" MAT 6 6 kkn7 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 6 eb6r 0 your Father who sees in secret "your Father will see what you do in private and" MAT 6 7 d1t2 0 do not make useless repetitions Possible meanings are 1) the repetitions are useless. Alternate translation: "do not keep uselessly saying things over and over again" or 2) the words or sentences are meaningless. Alternate translation: "do not keeping repeating meaningless words" MAT 6 7 a8ai figs-activepassive 0 they will be heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "their false gods will hear them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 8 fr1d figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about how they as individuals should pray. The words "you" and "your" are plural in the first sentence. Within the prayer, the words "you" and "your" are singular and refer to God, "Our Father in heaven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 8 nv9i guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 9 ad6l 0 Our Father in heaven This is the beginning of the prayer and how Jesus teaches the people to address God. MAT 6 9 mq4x figs-metonymy 0 may your name be honored as holy Here "your name" refers to God himself. Alternate translation: "make everyone honor you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 6 10 n67c figs-metonymy 0 May your kingdom come Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "May you rule over everyone and everything completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 6 10 pdc5 figs-activepassive 0 May your will be done on earth as it is in heaven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "May everything on earth happen in accordance with your will as everything in heaven does" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 11 njr9 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: This is part of a prayer that Jesus was teaching the people. All instances of "we," "us," and "our" refer only to those who would pray this prayer. Those words do not also refer to God, to whom they would be praying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) MAT 6 11 dft8 figs-synecdoche 0 daily bread Here "bread" refers to food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 6 12 yi9s figs-metaphor 0 debts A debt is what one person owes another. This is a metaphor for sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 12 i8fq figs-metaphor 0 our debtors A debtor is a person who owes a debt to another person. This is a metaphor for those who have sinned against us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 13 l8u6 figs-abstractnouns 0 Do not bring us into temptation The word "temptation," an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: "Do not let anything tempt us" or "Do not let anything cause us to desire to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 6 14 ns3m figs-you 0 General Information: All instances of "you" and "your" are plural. However, Jesus is telling them what will happen to them as individuals if each person does not forgive others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 14 z79a figs-abstractnouns 0 their trespasses The abstract noun "trespasses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "when they trespass against you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 6 14 v7ne guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 15 pi3z figs-abstractnouns 0 their trespasses ... your trespasses The abstract noun "trespasses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "when they trespass against you ... when you trespass against God" or "when they do things that harm you ... when you do things that make your Father angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 6 16 j7xg figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. In verse 16 all occurences of "you" are plural. In verses 17 and 18 where Jesus teaches them how to behave when they fast, all occurrences of "you" and "your" are singular. In some languages those occurences of "you" may also need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 16 q19r 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach about fasting. MAT 6 16 xv6b 0 they disfigure their faces The hypocrites would not wash their faces or comb their hair. They did this purposely to draw attention to themselves so that people would see them and give them honor for fasting. MAT 6 16 ix6h 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 6 17 k283 0 anoint your head "put oil in your hair" or "groom your hair." To "anoint" the head here is to take normal care of one's hair. It has nothing to do with "Christ" meaning "anointed one." Jesus means that people should look the same whether they are fasting or not. MAT 6 18 d27s 0 Father who is in secret Possible meanings are 1) no one can see God. Alternate translation: "Father, who is invisible" or 2) God is with that person who fasts secretly. Alternate translation: "Father, who is with you in private" See how you translated this in [Matthew 6:6](../06/06.md). MAT 6 18 m56a guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 18 tby8 0 who sees in secret "who sees what you do in private." See how you translated this in [Matthew 6:6](../06/06.md). MAT 6 19 afg9 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are plural, except in verse 21, where they are singular. In some languages these occurrences of "you" and "your" may also need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 19 z3jx 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach about money and possessions. MAT 6 19 tqp1 0 treasures riches, the things to which a person gives the most value MAT 6 19 z9wd 0 where moth and rust destroy "where moth and rust ruin treasures" MAT 6 19 tqc9 0 moth a small, flying insect that destroys cloth MAT 6 19 enl6 0 rust a brown substance that forms on metals MAT 6 20 v5tn figs-metaphor 0 store up for yourselves treasures in heaven This is a metaphor that means do good things on earth so God will reward you in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 21 b74q figs-metonymy 0 there will your heart be also Here "heart" means a person's thoughts and interests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 6 22 g215 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. The instances of "you" and "your" are all singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 22 sbl1 figs-metaphor 0 The eye is the lamp of the body ... with light This compares healthy eyes that allow a person to see to diseased eyes that cause a person to be blind. This is a metaphor referring to spiritual health. Often Jewish people used the phrase "bad eye" to refer to greed. The meaning is that if a person is completely devoted to God and sees or considers things the way God does, then he is doing what is right. If a person is greedy for more, then he is doing what is evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 22 r4d1 figs-metaphor 0 The eye is the lamp of the body This metaphor means the eyes allow a person to see just as a lamp helps a person see in the dark. Alternate translation: "Like a lamp, the eye allows you to see things clearly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 22 u47q 0 eye You may have to translate this as plural, "eyes." MAT 6 23 dl86 figs-metaphor 0 But if your eye ... how great is that darkness This compares healthy eyes that allow a person to see to diseased eyes that cause a person to be blind. This is a metaphor referring to spiritual health. Often Jewish people used the phrase "bad eye" to refer to greed. The meaning is that if a person is completely devoted to God and sees or considers things the way God does, then he is doing what is right. If a person is greedy for more, then he is doing what is evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 23 p231 figs-metaphor 0 if your eye is bad This does not refer to magic. Jewish people often used this as a metaphor for someone who is greedy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 23 n42m 0 if the light that is in you is actually darkness, how great is that darkness! "if that which is supposed to cause light in your body causes darkness, then your body is in complete darkness" MAT 6 24 ijn3 figs-parallelism 0 for either he will hate the one and love the other, or else he will be devoted to one and despise the other Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that a person cannot love and be devoted both to God and money at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 6 24 zt2u 0 You cannot serve God and wealth "You cannot love God and money at the same time" MAT 6 25 s5uy figs-you 0 General Information: Here the instances of "you" and "your" are all plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 25 wcz4 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 6 25 xdu1 0 to you Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. MAT 6 25 nt96 figs-rquestion 0 is not life more than food, and the body more than clothes? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "obviously life is more than what you eat, and your body is more than what you wear." or "clearly there are things in life that are more imortant than food, and there are things concerning the body that are more important than clothes." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 6 26 p11z 0 barns places to store crops MAT 6 26 a9w6 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 26 nbm5 figs-rquestion 0 Are you not more valuable than they are? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "Obviously you are more valuable than birds." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 6 27 cm6a figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All instances of "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 6 27 fr8g figs-rquestion 0 Which one of you by being anxious can add one cubit to his lifespan? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Here to "add one cubit to his lifespan" is a metaphor for adding time to how long a person will live. Alternate translation: "None of you can, just by worrying, add years to your life. You cannot add even one minute to your life! So you should not worry about things you need." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 27 kub4 translate-bdistance 0 one cubit A cubit is a measure of a little less than half a meter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) MAT 6 28 erj8 figs-rquestion 0 Why are you anxious about clothing? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "You should not be worried about what you will wear." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 6 28 cs99 0 Think about "Consider" MAT 6 28 him2 figs-personification 0 lilies ... They do not work, and they do not spin cloth Jesus speaks about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilies being clothed is a metaphor for the plants having beautiful and colorful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 28 t16l translate-unknown 0 lilies A lily is a kind of wild flower. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 6 29 n75l figs-personification 0 even Solomon ... was not clothed like one of these Jesus speaks about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilies being clothed is a metaphor for the plants having beautiful and colorful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 29 np9e 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 6 29 sqg8 figs-activepassive 0 was not clothed like one of these This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "did not wear clothes that are as beautiful as these lilies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 30 z5lh figs-personification 0 so clothes the grass in the fields Jesus continues to speak about the lilies as if they were people who wore clothes. The lilies being clothed is a metaphor for the plants having beautiful and colorful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 6 30 uf36 0 grass If your language has a word that includes "grass" and the word you used for "lilies" in the previous verse, you can use it here. MAT 6 30 m23l figs-activepassive 0 is thrown into the oven The Jews at that time used grass in their fires to cook their food. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone throws it into a fire" or "someone burns it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 30 cd8w figs-rquestion 0 how much more will he clothe you ... faith? Jesus uses this question to teach the people that God will provide what they need. Alternate translation: "he will certainly clothe you ... faith." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 6 30 ic18 0 you of little faith "you who have such little faith." Jesus addresses the people this way because their anxiety about clothing shows they have little faith in God. MAT 6 31 jps3 0 Therefore "Because of all of this" MAT 6 31 pd6x figs-synecdoche 0 What clothes will we wear In this sentence, "clothes" is a synecdoche for material possessions. Alternate translation: "What possessions will we have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 6 32 j77y 0 For the Gentiles search for these things "for the Gentiles are concerned about what they will eat, drink, and wear" MAT 6 32 ecb9 0 your heavenly Father knows that you need them Jesus is implying that God will make sure their basic needs are met. MAT 6 32 unz1 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 6 33 ep2c figs-metonymy 0 seek first his kingdom and his righteousness Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "concern yourselves with serving God, who is your king, and doing what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 6 33 ak39 figs-activepassive 0 all these things will be given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will provide all these things for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 6 34 qm2a 0 Therefore "Because of all this" MAT 6 34 xdg7 figs-personification 0 tomorrow will be anxious for itself Jesus speaks of "tomorrow" as if it were a person who could worry. Jesus means that a person will have enough to worry about when the next day comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) MAT 7 intro bz7e 0 # Matthew 07 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Jesus spoke about many different subjects in this sermon, so you may wish to help the reader by putting an empty line into the text whenever Jesus changed the subject.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Matthew 5-7<br><br>Many people call the words in Matthew 5-7 the Sermon on the Mount. This is one long lesson that Jesus taught. Bibles divide this lesson into three chapters, but this can sometimes confuse the reader. If your translation divides the text into sections, be sure that the reader understands that the whole sermon is one large section.<br><br>##### "By their fruits you will know them"<br><br>Fruit is a common image in the scriptures. It is used to describe the results of either good or bad actions. In this chapter, good fruit is the result of living as God commands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]])<br> MAT 7 1 jav3 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The instances of "you" and the commands are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 7 1 f4fe 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach his disciples in his Sermon on the Mount, which began in [Matthew 5:3](../05/03.md). MAT 7 1 xk6w figs-explicit 0 Do not judge It is implied here that "judge" has the strong meaning of "condemn harshly" or "declare guilty." Alternate translation: "Do not condemn people harshly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 7 1 bk8y figs-activepassive 0 you will not be judged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not condemn you harshly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 2 f9nb 0 For Be sure the reader understands the statement in 7:2 is based on what Jesus said in 7:1. MAT 7 2 kj24 figs-activepassive 0 with the judgment you judge, you will be judged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will condemn you in the same way you condemn others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 2 mt3d 0 measure Possible meanings are 1) this is the amount of punishment given or 2) this is the standard used for judgment. MAT 7 2 wgh2 figs-activepassive 0 it will be measured out to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will measure it out to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 3 hzb4 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. The instances of "you" and "your" are all singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. MAT 7 3 em5r figs-rquestion 0 Why do you look ... brother's eye, but you do not notice the log that is in your own eye? Jesus uses this question to rebuke the people for paying attention to other people's sins and ignoring their own. Alternate translation: "You look ... brother's eye, but you do not notice the log that is in your own eye." or "Do not look ... brother's eye and ignore the log that is in your own eye." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 7 3 ctb3 figs-metaphor 0 the tiny piece of straw that is in your brother's eye This is a metaphor that refers to the less important faults of a fellow believer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 3 r9jf 0 tiny piece of straw "speck" or "splinter" or "bit of dust." Use a word for the smallest thing that commonly falls into a person's eyes. MAT 7 3 d2qc 0 brother All occurrences of "brother" in 7:3-5 refer to a fellow believer, not to a literal brother or a neighbor. MAT 7 3 q1z4 figs-metaphor 0 the log that is in your own eye This is a metaphor for a person's most important faults. A log could not literally go into a person's eye. Jesus is exaggerating to emphasize that a person should pay attention to his own more important faults before he deals with another person's less important faults. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 7 3 cgc6 0 log the largest part of a tree that someone has cut down MAT 7 4 k58h figs-rquestion 0 How can you say ... your own eye? Jesus asks this question to challenge the people to pay attention to their own sins before they pay attention to another person's sins. Alternate translation: "You should not say ... your own eye." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 7 6 av85 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. The instances of "you" and "your" are all plural. MAT 7 6 arm9 figs-metaphor 0 dogs ... hogs Jews considered these animals dirty, and God told the Jews not to eat them. They are metaphors for wicked people who do not value holy things. It would be best to translate these words literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 6 xy2e figs-metaphor 0 pearls These are similar to round, valuable stones or beads. They are a metaphor for the knowledge of God or precious things in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 6 vt72 0 they may trample "the pigs may trample" MAT 7 6 y5mm 0 then turn and tear "the dogs will then turn and tear" MAT 7 7 j1qa figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. The instances of "you" and "your" are all plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 7 7 ut6i figs-metaphor 0 Ask ... Seek ... Knock These are metaphors for praying to God. The verb form shows that we are to keep praying until he answers. If your language has a form for continuing to do something over and over, use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 7 fh57 0 Ask request things from someone, in this case God MAT 7 7 tv49 figs-activepassive 0 it will be given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will give you what you need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 7 cs5b 0 Seek look for someone, in this case God MAT 7 7 rt8g 0 Knock To knock on a door was a polite way to request that the person inside the house or room open the door. If knocking on a door is impolite or not done in your culture, use the word that describes how people politely ask for doors to be opened. Alternate translation: "Tell God you want him to open the door" MAT 7 7 zxs3 figs-activepassive 0 it will be opened to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will open it for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 9 mq14 figs-rquestion 0 Or which one of you ... a stone? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "There is not one person among you ... a stone." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 7 9 n5s1 figs-synecdoche 0 a loaf of bread This refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "some food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 7 9 cq8h 0 stone This noun should be translated literally. MAT 7 10 ht1m 0 fish ... snake These nouns should be translated literally. MAT 7 10 y9q5 figs-rquestion 0 Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a snake? Jesus asks another question to teach the people. It is understood that Jesus is still referring to a man and his son. Alternate translation: "And there is not one person among you, if his son asks for a fish, will give him a snake." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 7 11 h3k6 figs-you 0 General Information: Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. The instances of "you" and "your" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 7 11 pk31 figs-rquestion 0 how much more will your Father in heaven give ... him? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: "then your Father in heaven will most certainly give ... him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 7 11 z8zr guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 7 12 wr93 0 whatever things you want people to do to you "whatever way you want others to act toward you" MAT 7 12 b1x2 figs-metonymy 0 for this is the law and the prophets Here "law" and "prophets" refer to what Moses and the prophets wrote. Alternate translation: "for this is what Moses and the prophets teach in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 7 13 uhb3 0 General Information: This image of walking through a wide gate to destruction or a narrow gate to life represents how people live and the results of how they live. When you translate, use appropriate words for "wide" and "broad" that are as different as possible from "narrow" in order to emphasize the differences between the two sets of gates and ways. MAT 7 13 dgr2 figs-metaphor 0 Enter through the narrow gate ... many people who go through it This is an image of people traveling on a road and going through a gate into a kingdom. One kingdom is easy to enter; the other is hard to enter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 13 j8xn 0 Enter through the narrow gate You may need to move this to the end of verse 14: "Therefore, enter through the narrow gate." MAT 7 13 y9ru 0 the gate ... the way Possible meanings are 1) "the way" refers to the road that leads to the gate of a kingdom, or 2) the "the gate" and "the way" both refer to the entrance to the kingdom. MAT 7 13 zv24 figs-abstractnouns 0 to destruction This abstract noun can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: "to the place where people die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 7 14 x8u9 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to speak of people choosing how they are going to live as if they are choosing whether to go on one path or another. MAT 7 14 wlr9 figs-abstractnouns 0 to life The abstract noun "life" can be translated using the verb "live." Alternate translation: "to the place where people live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 7 15 s91c 0 Beware of "Be on guard against" MAT 7 15 lj5v figs-metaphor 0 who come to you in sheep's clothing but are truly ravenous wolves This metaphor means that false prophets will pretend they they are good and want to help people, but they are really evil and will do people harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 16 pul5 figs-metaphor 0 By their fruits you will know them This metaphor refers to a person's actions. Alternate translation: "Just as you know a tree by the fruit that grows on it, you will know false prophets by how they act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 16 nve4 figs-rquestion 0 Do people gather ... thistles? Jesus uses a question to teach the people. The people would have known that the answer is no. Alternate translation: "People do not gather ... thistles." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 7 17 a9tn figs-metaphor 0 every good tree produces good fruit Jesus continues to use the metaphor of fruit to refer to good prophets who produce good works or words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 17 f5l3 figs-metaphor 0 the bad tree produces bad fruit Jesus continues to use the metaphor of fruit to refer to bad prophets who produce evil works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 19 aeg4 figs-metaphor 0 Every tree that does not produce good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire Jesus continues to use fruit trees as a metaphor to refer to false prophets. Here, he only states what will happen to the bad trees. It is implied that the same thing will happen to the false prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 7 19 g7fs figs-activepassive 0 is cut down and thrown into the fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people cut down and burn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 20 x87m figs-metaphor 0 you will recognize them by their fruits The word "their" can refer to either the prophets or the trees. This metaphor implies that the fruit of trees and the deeds of prophets both reveal whether they are good or bad. If possible, translate this in a way so that it can refer to both trees and prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 7 21 rj2v figs-metonymy 0 will enter into the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "will live with God in heaven when he shows himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 7 21 rq5h 0 those who do the will of my Father who is in heaven "whoever does what my Father in heaven desires" MAT 7 21 c6yz guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 7 22 mp6e figs-explicit 0 in that day Jesus said "that day" knowing his hearers would understand he was referring to the day of judgment. You should include "the day of judgment" only if your readers would not understand otherwise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 7 22 m9py figs-rquestion 0 did we not prophesy ... drive out demons ... do many mighty deeds? The people use a question to emphasize that they did these things. Alternate translation: "we prophesied ... we drove out demons ... we did many mighty deeds." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 7 22 t5j7 figs-exclusive 0 we This "we" does not include Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) MAT 7 22 hg17 figs-metonymy 0 in your name Possible meanings are 1) "by your authority" or "by your power" or 2) "because we were doing what you wanted us to do" or 3) "because we asked you for the power to do it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 7 22 p67f 0 mighty deeds "miracles" MAT 7 23 d4y5 figs-idiom 0 I never knew you This means the person does not belong to Jesus. Alternate translation: "You are not my follower" or "I have nothing to do with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 7 24 fg9k 0 Therefore "For that reason" MAT 7 24 hbd7 figs-metonymy 0 my words Here "words" refers to what Jesus says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 7 24 qjh9 figs-simile 0 like a wise man who built his house upon a rock Jesus compares those who obey his words to a person who builds his house where nothing can harm it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 7 24 dy1f 0 rock This is the bedrock below the topsoil and clay, not a large stone or boulder above the ground. MAT 7 25 bv81 figs-activepassive 0 it was built This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he built it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 7 26 asf4 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount, which began in [Matthew 5:3](../05/03.md). MAT 7 26 nw97 figs-simile 0 like a foolish man who built his house upon the sand Jesus continues the simile from the previous verse. He compares those who do not obey his words to foolish house-builders. Only a fool would build a house on a sandy place where rain, floods, and wind can sweep the sand away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 7 27 a7mj 0 fell Use the general word in your language that describes what happens when a house falls down. MAT 7 27 k4hi 0 its destruction was complete The rain, floods, and wind completely destroyed the house. MAT 7 28 jrh7 writing-endofstory 0 General Information: These verses describe how the people in the crowds reacted to Jesus' teaching in the Sermon on the Mount. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]]) MAT 7 28 hu6z 0 It came about that when This phrase shifts the story from Jesus' teachings to what happened next. Alternate translation: "When" or "After" MAT 7 28 b321 0 were astonished by his teaching It is clear in 7:29 that they were amazed not just at what Jesus taught but also the way he taught it. Alternate translation: "were amazed by the way he taught" MAT 8 intro f33a 0 # Matthew 08 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a new section.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Miracles<br><br>Jesus performed miracles to show that he could control things that no other people could control. He also showed that it is proper to worship him because he performed miracles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/authority]])<br> MAT 8 1 qb1d writing-newevent 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story that contains several accounts of Jesus healing people. This theme continues through [Matthew 9:35](../09/35.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) MAT 8 1 clf8 0 When Jesus had come down from the hill, large crowds followed him "After Jesus came down from the hill, a large crowd followed him." The crowd may have included both people who had been with him on the mountain and people who had not been with him. MAT 8 2 vas8 0 Behold The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 8 2 q4x2 0 a leper "a man who had leprosy" or "a man who had a skin disease" MAT 8 2 n77q translate-symaction 0 bowed before him This is a sign of humble respect before Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 8 2 yc3f 0 if you are willing "if you want to" or "if you desire." The leper knew that Jesus had the power to heal him, but he did not know if Jesus would want to touch him. MAT 8 2 yjn2 figs-idiom 0 you can make me clean Here "clean" means to be healed and to be able to live in the community again. Alternate translation: "you can heal me" or "please heal me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 8 3 kg7e figs-imperative 0 Be clean By saying this, Jesus healed the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) MAT 8 3 eht7 0 Immediately he was cleansed "At that moment he was cleansed" MAT 8 3 lj1x figs-activepassive 0 he was cleansed of his leprosy The result of Jesus saying "Be clean" was that the man was healed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he was well" or "the leprosy left him" or "the leprosy ended" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 4 gzy6 0 to him This refers to the man that Jesus just healed. MAT 8 4 gt5s 0 say nothing to any man "do not say anything to anyone" or "do not tell anyone I healed you" MAT 8 4 zi3a figs-explicit 0 show yourself to the priest Jewish law required that the person show his healed skin to the priest, who would then allow him or her to return to the community, to be with other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 8 4 tq9l figs-explicit 0 offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony to them The law of Moses required that someone healed of leprosy give a thanksgiving offering to the priest. When the priest accepted the gift, people would know that the man had been healed. Lepers were ostracized, banned from the community, until they had proof of their healing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 8 4 rj8u figs-pronouns 0 to them This can possibly refer to 1) the priests or 2) all the people or 3) the critics of Jesus. If possible, use a pronoun that could refer to any of these groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) MAT 8 5 sxz8 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to a different time and place and tells of Jesus healing another person. MAT 8 5 vzb9 0 came to him and asked him Here "him" refers to Jesus. MAT 8 6 cr8h 0 paralyzed unable to move because of disease or stroke MAT 8 7 b9br 0 Jesus said to him "Jesus said to the centurion" MAT 8 7 r3sx 0 I will come and heal him "I will come to your house and make your servant well" MAT 8 8 p7p4 figs-idiom 0 under my roof This is an idiom that refers to inside the house. Alternate translation: "into my house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 8 8 hig7 figs-metonymy 0 say the word Here "word" represents a command. Alternate translation: "give the command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 8 8 rk1z figs-activepassive 0 will be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will become well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 9 ds2m figs-activepassive 0 who is placed under authority This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who is under the authority of someone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 9 da25 figs-idiom 0 under authority ... under me To be "under" someone means to be less important and to obey the commands of someone more important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 8 10 rc1h 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 8 10 c7y6 figs-explicit 0 I have not found anyone with such faith in Israel Jesus' hearers would have thought that the Jews in Israel, who claim to be children of God, would have greater faith than anyone. Jesus is saying they are wrong and that the centurion's faith was greater. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 8 11 xee4 figs-you 0 you Here "you" is plural and refers to "those who were following him" in [Matthew 8:10](../08/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 8 11 mt2i figs-merism 0 from the east and the west Using the opposites "east" and "west" is a way of saying "everywhere." Alternate translation: "from everywhere" or "from far away in every direction" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) MAT 8 11 u4sj figs-metonymy 0 recline at the table People in that culture would lie down beside the table while eating. This phrase indicates that all those at the table are family and close friends. The joy in the kingdom of God is frequently spoken of as if the people there were feasting. Alternate translation: "live as family and friends" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 8 11 qmc7 figs-metonymy 0 in the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "when our God in heaven shows that he is king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 8 12 ks3b figs-activepassive 0 the sons of the kingdom will be thrown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will throw the sons of the kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 12 aug7 figs-metonymy 0 the sons of the kingdom The phrase "sons of" is a metonym, referring to the unbelieving Jews of the kingdom of Judea. There is also irony here because the "sons" will be thrown out while the strangers will be welcomed. Alternate translation: "those who should have allowed God to rule over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 8 12 liu4 figs-metonymy 0 the outer darkness Here "outer darkness" is a metonym for the place where God sends those who reject them. This is a place that is completely separated from God forever. Alternate translation: "the dark place away from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 8 12 gww4 translate-symaction 0 weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme sadness and suffering. Alternate translation: "weeping and showing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 8 13 ki92 figs-activepassive 0 so may it be done for you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so I will do it for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 13 sdn6 figs-activepassive 0 the servant was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus healed the servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 13 ln7p 0 at that very hour "at the exact time Jesus said he would heal the servant" MAT 8 14 s6g4 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to a different time and place and tells of Jesus healing another person. MAT 8 14 ja31 0 Jesus had come The disciples were probably with Jesus, but the focus of the story is on what Jesus said and did, so introduce the disciples only if needed to avoid wrong meaning. MAT 8 14 ynh8 0 Peter's mother-in-law "the mother of Peter's wife" MAT 8 15 w7nh figs-personification 0 the fever left her If your language would understand this personification to mean that the fever could think and act on its own, this can be translated as "she became better" or "Jesus healed her." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) MAT 8 15 r9lt 0 got up "got out of bed" MAT 8 16 bpx7 0 General Information: In verse 17, Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' healing ministry was a fulfillment of prophecy. MAT 8 16 b7cx 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to later that evening and tells of Jesus healing more people and casting out demons. MAT 8 16 yv9y figs-explicit 0 When evening had come Because Jews did not work or travel on the Sabbath, "evening" may imply after the Sabbath. They waited until evening to bring people to Jesus. You do not need to mention the Sabbath unless you need to avoid wrong meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 8 16 pwr4 figs-activepassive 0 many who were possessed by demons This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "many people whom demons possessed" or "many people whom demons controlled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 16 f1cv figs-metonymy 0 He drove out the spirits with a word Here "word" stands for a command. Alternate translation: "He commanded the spirits to leave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 8 17 r3dc figs-activepassive 0 was fulfilled that which had been spoken by Isaiah the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus fulfilled the prophecy that the prophet Isaiah had spoken to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 17 eyu9 figs-parallelism 0 took our sickness and bore our diseases Matthew is quoting the prophet Isaiah. These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he healed all of our diseases. Alternate translation: "healed those who were sick and made them well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 8 18 h8bx 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts and tells about Jesus' response to some people who wanted to follow him. MAT 8 18 dqh1 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 8 18 a2pn 0 he gave instructions "he told his disciples" MAT 8 19 g4rh 0 Then This means after Jesus "gave instructions" but before he could get into the boat. MAT 8 19 e1b7 0 wherever to any place MAT 8 20 pqp6 writing-proverbs 0 Foxes have holes, and the birds of the sky have nests Jesus answers with this proverb. This means even wild animals have somewhere to rest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 8 20 tp9s translate-unknown 0 Foxes Foxes are animals like dogs. They eat nesting birds and other small animals. If foxes are unknown in your area, use a general term for dog-like creatures or other furry animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 8 20 rrb5 0 holes Foxes make holes in the ground to live in. Use the appropriate word for the place where the animal you use for "foxes" lives. MAT 8 20 qvm5 figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 8 20 yl4s figs-idiom 0 nowhere to lay his head This refers to a place to sleep. Alternate translation: "no place of his own to sleep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 8 21 hlx9 0 allow me first to go and bury my father It is unclear whether the man's father has died and he will bury him immediately, or if the man wants to stay for a longer amount of time until his father dies so he can bury him then. The main point is that the man wants to do something else first before he follows Jesus. MAT 8 22 h7fb figs-metaphor 0 leave the dead to bury their own dead Jesus does not mean literally that dead people will bury other dead people. Possible meanings of "the dead": 1) it is a metaphor for those who will soon die, or 2) it is a metaphor for those who do not follow Jesus and are spiritually dead. The main point is that a disciple must not let anything delay him from following Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 8 23 us1s 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to the account of Jesus calming a storm as he and his disciples cross the Sea of Galilee. MAT 8 23 e8k1 0 entered a boat "got onto a boat" MAT 8 23 sl7v 0 his disciples followed him Try to use the same words for "disciple" and "follow" that you used in ([Matthew 8:21-22](./21.md)). MAT 8 24 j55j 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of showing this. Alternate translation: "Suddenly" or "Without warning" MAT 8 24 x7k1 figs-activepassive 0 there arose a great storm on the sea This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a powerful storm arose on the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 24 m6w8 figs-activepassive 0 so that the boat was covered with the waves This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the waves covered the boat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 25 k2hd 0 woke him up, saying, "Save us Possible meanings are 1) they first woke Jesus and then they said, "Save us" or 2) as they were waking Jesus up, they were saying "Save us." MAT 8 25 b2wh figs-inclusive 0 us ... we If you need to translate these words as inclusive or exclusive, then inclusive is best. The disciples probably meant they wanted Jesus to save the disciples and himself from drowning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) MAT 8 25 xf5d 0 we are about to die "we are going to die" MAT 8 26 jmt8 0 to them "to the disciples" MAT 8 26 g8p7 figs-rquestion 0 Why are you afraid ... faith? Jesus was rebuking the disciples with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: "You should not be afraid ... faith!" or "There is nothing for you to be afraid of ... faith!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 8 26 r5ve 0 you of little faith "you who have such little faith." Jesus addresses his disciples this way because their anxiety about the storm shows they have little faith in him to control it. See how you translated this in [Matthew 6:30](../06/30.md). MAT 8 27 u2qh figs-rquestion 0 What sort of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him? "Even the winds and the sea obey him! What sort of man is this?" This rhetorical question shows that the disciples were surprised. Alternate translation: "This man is unlike any man we have ever seen! Even the wind and the waves obey him!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 8 27 k5mk figs-personification 0 even the winds and the sea obey him For people or animals to obey or disobey is not surprising, but for wind and water to obey is very surprising. This personification describes the natural elements as being able to hear and respond like people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) MAT 8 28 g6mr 0 Connecting Statement: Here the author returns to the theme of Jesus healing people. This begins an account of Jesus healing two demon-possessed men. MAT 8 28 iy7a 0 to the other side "to the other side of the Sea of Galilee" MAT 8 28 yzi6 translate-names 0 country of the Gadarenes The Gadarenes were named after the town of Gadara. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 8 28 hz5n figs-activepassive 0 two men who were possessed by demons This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "two men whom demons possessed" or "two men whom demons were controlling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 28 ylu6 0 They ... were very violent, so that no traveler could pass that way The demons that were controlling these two men were so dangerous that no one could go through that area. MAT 8 29 v9mp 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of showing this. MAT 8 29 gr2p figs-rquestion 0 What do we have to do with you, Son of God? The demons use a question but they are being hostile toward Jesus. Alternate translation: "Do not bother us, Son of God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 8 29 jcq6 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son of God This is an important title for Jesus, which describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 8 29 u4jr figs-rquestion 0 Have you come here to torment us before the set time? Again, the demons use a question in a hostile way. Alternate translation: "You should not disobey God by punishing us before the specific time God has set when he will punish us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 8 30 v91c writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew tells background information about a herd of pigs that had been there before Jesus arrived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 8 31 tf32 figs-explicit 0 If you cast us out It is implied that the demons knew that Jesus was going to cast them out. Alternate translation: "Because you are going to cast us out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 8 31 cgf7 figs-exclusive 0 us This is exclusive, meaning the demons only. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) MAT 8 32 h86e 0 to them This refers to the demons inside the men. MAT 8 32 gtx2 0 The demons came out and went into the pigs "The demons left the man and entered the pigs" MAT 8 32 qa1i 0 behold This alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. MAT 8 32 lhn7 0 rushed down the steep hill "ran quickly down the steep slope" MAT 8 32 zk2p 0 they died in the water "they fell into the water and drowned" MAT 8 33 qmc5 0 Connecting Statement: This concludes the account of Jesus healing two demon-possessed men. MAT 8 33 v39w 0 tending the pigs "taking care of the pigs" MAT 8 33 ev2w figs-activepassive 0 what had happened to the men who had been possessed by demons This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what Jesus did to help the men whom demons had controlled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 8 34 b2hp 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of showing this. MAT 8 34 j6sp figs-metonymy 0 all the city The word "city" is a metonym for the people of the city. The word "all" is probably an exaggeration to emphasize how very many people came out. Not necessarily every person came out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 8 34 bsf4 0 their region "their area" MAT 9 intro tg41 0 # Matthew 09 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### "Sinners"<br><br>When the people of Jesus' time spoke of "sinners," they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. When Jesus said that he came to call "sinners," he meant that only people who believe that they are sinners can be his followers. This is true even if they are not what most people think of as "sinners." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Passive voice<br><br>Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br><br>##### Rhetorical questions<br><br>Speakers in this chapter asked questions to which they already knew the answer. They asked the questions to show that they were not happy with the hearers or to teach them or to get them to think. Your language may have another way of doing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>##### Proverbs<br><br>Proverbs are very short sentences that use words that are easy to remember to tell about something that is generally true. People who understand proverbs usually have to know much about the language and culture of the speaker. When you translate the proverbs in this chapter, you may have to use many more words than the speakers used so that you can add information that the hearers knew but your reader do not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])<br> MAT 9 1 nl8w 0 Connecting Statement: Matthew returns to the theme, which he began in [Matthew 8:1](../08/01.md), of Jesus healing people. This begins an account of Jesus healing a paralyzed man. MAT 9 1 ly42 figs-activepassive 0 Jesus entered a boat It is implied that the disciples were with Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 1 cs8l 0 a boat This is probably the same boat as in [Matthew 8:23](../08/23.md). You only need to specify this if needed to avoid confusion. MAT 9 1 lje9 0 into his own city "to the town where he lived." This refers to Capernaum. MAT 9 2 i6xp 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of showing this. MAT 9 2 szd4 0 they brought "some men from the city" MAT 9 2 k5eh 0 their faith This refers to the faith of the men and may also include the faith of the paralyzed man. MAT 9 2 k9qq 0 Son The man was not Jesus' real son. Jesus was speaking to him politely. If this is confusing, it can also be translated "My friend" or "Young man" or even omitted. MAT 9 2 iys2 figs-activepassive 0 Your sins have been forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forgiven your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 3 a35d 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 9 3 f88r 0 among themselves Possible meanings are 1) each one was thinking to himself, or 2) they were speaking among themselves. MAT 9 3 mq8v 0 blaspheming Jesus was claiming to be able to do things the scribes thought only God can do. MAT 9 4 u643 0 knew their thoughts Jesus knew what they were thinking either supernaturally or because he could see them talking to each other. MAT 9 4 n4yl figs-rquestion 0 Why are you thinking evil in your hearts? Jesus used this question to rebuke the scribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 9 4 qg52 0 evil This is moral evil or wickedness, not simply error in fact. MAT 9 4 d499 figs-metonymy 0 in your hearts Here "hearts" refers to their minds or their thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 9 5 j716 figs-rquestion 0 For which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'? Jesus uses this question to make the scribes think about what might prove whether or not he could really forgive sins. Alternate translation: "I just said 'Your sins are forgiven.' You may think that it is harder to say 'Get up and walk,' because the proof of whether or not I can heal the man will be shown by whether or not he gets up and walks." or "You may think that it is easier to say 'Your sins are forgiven' than it is to say 'Get up and walk.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 9 5 mk14 figs-quotations 0 which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'? The quotes can be translated as indirect quotes. Alternate translation: "which is easier, to tell someone that his sins are forgiven, or to tell him to get up and walk?" or "you may think that it is easier to tell someone that his sins are forgiven than to tell him to get up and walk." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 9 5 g88p figs-you 0 Your sins are forgiven Here "your" is singular. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forgiven your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 6 gk68 figs-you 0 that you may know "I will prove to you." The "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 9 6 n5sf figs-you 0 your mat ... your house Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 9 6 td1z 0 go to your house Jesus is not forbidding the man to go elsewhere. He is giving the man the opportunity to go home. MAT 9 7 uwq4 0 Connecting Statement: This concludes the account of Jesus healing a paralyzed man. Jesus then calls a tax collector to be one of his disciples. MAT 9 8 u8qu 0 who had given "because he had given" MAT 9 8 x71s 0 such authority This refers to the authority to declare sins forgiven. MAT 9 9 fkr2 0 As Jesus passed by from there This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. MAT 9 9 g4r4 0 passed by "was leaving" or "was going" MAT 9 9 jc18 0 Matthew ... him ... He Church tradition says that this Matthew is the author of this Gospel, but the text gives no reason to change the pronouns from "him" and "He" to "me" and "I." MAT 9 9 t5ip 0 He said to him "Jesus said to Matthew" MAT 9 9 q438 0 He got up and followed him "Matthew got up and followed Jesus." This means Matthew became Jesus' disciple. MAT 9 10 h7u9 0 General Information: These events occur at the house of Matthew the tax collector. MAT 9 10 ksr5 0 the house This is probably Matthew's house, but it could also be Jesus' house. Specify only if needed to avoid confusion. MAT 9 10 c751 0 behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 9 10 f9lh 0 sinners people who did not obey the law of Moses but committed what others thought were very bad sins MAT 9 11 ge2u 0 When the Pharisees saw it "When the Pharisees saw that Jesus was eating with the tax collectors and sinful people" MAT 9 11 z4h5 figs-rquestion 0 Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners? The Pharisees use this question to criticize what Jesus is doing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 9 12 xz13 0 General Information: These events occur at the house of Matthew the tax collector. MAT 9 12 m7fm 0 When Jesus heard this Here "this" refers to the question the Pharisees asked about Jesus eating with tax collectors and sinners. MAT 9 12 tl42 writing-proverbs 0 People who are strong in body do not need a physician, only those who are sick Jesus answers with a proverb. He means that he eats with these kinds of people because he has come to help sinners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 9 12 uhc5 0 People who are strong in body "People who are healthy" MAT 9 12 h5pg 0 physician doctor MAT 9 12 n33c figs-ellipsis 0 those who are sick The phrase "need a physician" is understood. Alternate translation: "people who are sick need a physician" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 9 13 fu2r 0 You should go and learn what this means Jesus is about to quote the scriptures. Alternate translation: "You should learn the meaning of what God said in the scriptures" MAT 9 13 is3t figs-you 0 You should go Here "you" is plural and refers to the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 9 13 tqr3 0 I desire mercy and not sacrifice Jesus is quoting what the prophet Hosea wrote in the scriptures. Here, "I" refers to God. MAT 9 13 djt7 0 For I came Here "I" refers to Jesus. MAT 9 13 a886 figs-irony 0 the righteous Jesus is using irony. He does not think there are any people who are righteous and do not need to repent. Alternate translation: "those who think they are righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 9 14 aa3c 0 Connecting Statement: The disciples of John the Baptist question the fact that Jesus' disciples do not fast. MAT 9 14 k8vc 0 do not fast "continue to eat regularly" MAT 9 15 r8if figs-rquestion 0 Can wedding attendants be sorrowful while the bridegroom is still with them? Jesus uses a question to answer John's disciples. They all knew that people do not mourn and fast at a wedding celebration. Jesus uses this proverb to show that his disciples do not mourn because he is still there with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 9 15 iz9s 0 the days will come when This is a way of referring to some time in the future. Alternate translation: "the time will come when" or "someday" MAT 9 15 p6hz figs-activepassive 0 the bridegroom will be taken away from them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the bridegroom will not be able to be with them any longer" or "someone will take the bridegroom away from them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 15 u8er 0 will be taken away Jesus is probably referring to his own death, but this should not be made explicit here in the translation. To maintain the imagery of a wedding, it is best to just state that the bridegroom will not be there any longer. MAT 9 16 v4a1 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to answer the question that the disciples of John had asked. He did this by giving two examples of old things and new things that people do not put together. MAT 9 16 yf98 0 No man puts a piece of new cloth on an old garment "No one sews a piece of new cloth on an old garment" or "People do not sew a piece of new cloth as a patch an old garment" MAT 9 16 bk47 0 an old garment ... the garment "old clothing ... the clothing"" MAT 9 16 x752 0 the patch will tear away from the garment If someone were to wash the garment, the patch of new cloth would shrink, but the old garment would not shrink. This would tear the patch off the garment and leave a bigger hole. MAT 9 16 rem6 0 the patch "the piece of new cloth." This is the piece of cloth used to cover a hole in the old garment. MAT 9 16 t71t figs-activepassive 0 a worse tear will be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this will make the tear worse" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 17 q9wh 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to answer the question that disciples of John had asked. MAT 9 17 s13y 0 Neither do people put new wine into old wineskins Jesus uses another proverb to answer John's disciples. This means the same as the proverb in [Matthew 9:16](../09/16.md). MAT 9 17 fbl3 0 Neither do people put "Neither does anyone pour" or "People never put" MAT 9 17 h26e translate-unknown 0 new wine This refers to wine that has not fermented yet. If grapes are unknown in your area, use the general term for fruit. Alternate translation: "grape juice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 9 17 dpv4 0 old wineskins This refers to wineskins that have stretched and dried out because they were already used for fermenting wine. MAT 9 17 v4x2 0 wineskins "wine bags" or "skin bags." These were bags made out of animal skins. MAT 9 17 hv8f figs-activepassive 0 the wine will be spilled, and the wineskins will be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "and this will ruin the wineskins and spill the wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 17 tg2k 0 the skins will burst When the new wine ferments and expands, the skins tear open because they can no longer stretch out. MAT 9 17 cid7 0 fresh wineskins "new wineskins" or "new wine bags." This refers to wineskins that no one has used. MAT 9 17 i8v4 figs-activepassive 0 both will be preserved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this will keep safe both the wineskins and the wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 18 a7ax 0 Connecting Statement: This begins an account of Jesus bringing to life the daughter of a Jewish official after she had died. MAT 9 18 mj4x 0 these things This refers to the answer Jesus gave John's disciples about fasting. MAT 9 18 eqp1 0 behold The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 9 18 n1i6 translate-symaction 0 bowed down to him This is a way someone would show respect in Jewish culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 9 18 in6t 0 come and lay your hand on her, and she will live This shows that the Jewish official believed Jesus had the power to bring his daughter back to life. MAT 9 19 z99m 0 his disciples "Jesus' disciples" MAT 9 20 ai7a 0 Connecting Statement: This describes how Jesus healed another woman while he was on the way to the Jewish official's house. MAT 9 20 etd3 0 Behold The word "Behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 9 20 gv15 figs-euphemism 0 who suffered from a discharge of blood "who had been bleeding" or "who frequently had a flow of blood." She was probably bleeding from her womb even when it was not the normal time for it. Some cultures may have a polite way of referring to this condition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 9 20 na37 translate-numbers 0 twelve years "12 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 9 20 m9zq 0 his garment "his robe" or "what he was wearing" MAT 9 21 eb6t figs-events 0 For she had said to herself, "If only I touch his clothes, I will be made well." She said this to herself before she touched Jesus' garment. This tells why she touched Jesus' garment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]]) MAT 9 21 ukb8 figs-explicit 0 If only I touch his clothes According to Jewish law, because she was bleeding she was not supposed to touch anyone. She touches his clothes so that Jesus' power would heal her and yet (she thought) he would not know that she touched him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 9 22 vi84 0 But Jesus "The woman was hoping she could touch him secretly, but Jesus" MAT 9 22 x398 0 Daughter The woman was not Jesus' real daughter. Jesus was speaking to her politely. If this is confusing, it can also be translated "Young woman" or even omitted. MAT 9 22 q6ca 0 your faith has made you well "because you believed in me, I will heal you" MAT 9 22 zv2n figs-activepassive 0 the woman was healed from that hour This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus healed her at that moment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 23 tu2c 0 Connecting Statement: This returns to the account of Jesus bringing the daughter of the Jewish official back to life. MAT 9 23 jae1 0 the flute players and the crowds making much noise This was a common way to mourn for someone who has died. MAT 9 23 gy7g 0 flute players "people who play flutes" MAT 9 24 v1st 0 Go away Jesus was speaking to many people, so use the plural command form if your language has one. MAT 9 24 pc1m figs-euphemism 0 the girl is not dead, but she is asleep Jesus is using a play on words. It was common in Jesus' day to refer to a dead person as one who "sleeps." But here the dead girl will get up, as though she had only been sleeping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 9 25 iy6x 0 General Information: Verse 26 is a summary statement that describes the result of Jesus raising this girl from the dead. MAT 9 25 utu3 0 Connecting Statement: This completes the account of Jesus bringing the daughter of the Jewish official back to life. MAT 9 25 nqs6 figs-activepassive 0 When the crowd had been put outside This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After Jesus had sent the crowd outside" or "After the family had sent the people outside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 25 mm3q 0 got up "got out of bed." This is the same meaning as in [Matthew 8:15](../08/15.md). MAT 9 26 rxs4 0 The news about this spread into all that region "The people of that whole region heard about it" or "The people who saw that the girl was alive started telling everyone in the whole area about it" MAT 9 27 b1h6 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus healing two blind men. MAT 9 27 a8nm 0 As Jesus passed by from there As Jesus was leaving the region MAT 9 27 nwe9 0 passed by "was leaving" or "was going" MAT 9 27 suc1 0 followed him This means they were walking behind Jesus, not necessarily that they had become his disciples. MAT 9 27 d8bu figs-explicit 0 Have mercy on us It is implied that they wanted Jesus to heal them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 9 27 dh5d 0 Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "Descendant of David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the men were probably calling Jesus by this title. MAT 9 28 yr4h 0 When Jesus had come into the house This could be either Jesus' own house or the house in [Matthew 9:10](../09/10.md). MAT 9 28 e81f figs-ellipsis 0 Yes, Lord The full content of their answer is not stated, but it is understood. Alternate translation: "Yes, Lord, we believe you can heal us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 9 29 b3rl 0 touched their eyes and said It is not clear whether he touched both men's eyes at the same time or used only his right hand to touch one then the other. As the left hand was customarily used for unclean purposes, it is most likely that he used only his right hand. It is also not clear whether he spoke as he was touching them or touched them first and then spoke to them. MAT 9 29 w92e figs-activepassive 0 Let it be done to you according to your faith This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will do as you have believed" or "Because you believe, I will heal you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 30 uk2a figs-idiom 0 their eyes were opened This means they were able to see. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God healed their eyes" or "the two blind men were able to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 30 t6p8 figs-idiom 0 See that no one knows about this Here "See" means "be sure." Alternate translation: "Be sure no one finds out about this" or "Do not tell anyone that I healed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 9 31 y574 0 But the two men "The two men did not do what Jesus told them to do. They" MAT 9 31 y4b2 0 spread the news "told many people what had happened to them" MAT 9 32 tya1 0 Connecting Statement: This is the account of Jesus healing a demon-possessed man who could not speak and how people responded. MAT 9 32 v9tr 0 behold The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 9 32 kr24 figs-activepassive 0 a mute man ... was brought to Jesus This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone brought a mute man ... to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 32 sh32 0 mute not able to talk MAT 9 32 n6fs figs-activepassive 0 possessed by a demon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom a demon had possessed" or "whom a demon was controlling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 33 d6zs figs-activepassive 0 When the demon had been driven out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After Jesus had forced the demon out" or "After Jesus had commanded the demon to leave" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 33 r8ce 0 the mute man spoke "the mute man began to speak" or "the man who had been mute spoke" or "the man, who was no longer mute, spoke" MAT 9 33 d1lf 0 The crowds were astonished "The people were amazed" MAT 9 33 y4l5 figs-activepassive 0 This has never been seen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This has never happened before" or "No one has ever done anything like this before" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 9 34 z2r7 0 he drives out demons "he forces demons to leave" MAT 9 34 q623 0 he drives The pronoun "he" refers to Jesus. MAT 9 35 z6ya 0 General Information: Verse 36 begins a new part of the story where Jesus teaches his disciples and sends them to preach and heal as he has done. MAT 9 35 xpp4 writing-endofstory 0 Verse 35 is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 8:1](../08/01.md) about Jesus' healing ministry in Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]]) MAT 9 35 x9ck figs-hyperbole 0 all the cities The word "all" is an exaggeration to emphasize how very many cities Jesus went to. He did not necessarily go to every one of them. Alternate translation: "many of the cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 9 35 ehx5 0 cities ... villages "large villages ... small villages" or "large towns ... small towns" MAT 9 35 uz5e figs-abstractnouns 0 the gospel of the kingdom Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. See how you translated this in [Matthew 4:23](../04/23.md). Alternate translation: "preaching the good news that God will show himself as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 9 35 e7at 0 all kinds of disease and all kinds of sickness "every disease and every sickness." The words "disease" and "sickness" are closely related but should be translated as two different words if possible. "Disease" is what causes a person to be sick. "Sickness" is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease. MAT 9 36 t47i figs-simile 0 They were like sheep without a shepherd This simile means they did not have a leader to take care of them. Alternate translation: "The people did not have a leader" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 9 37 q95i 0 General Information: Jesus uses a proverb about harvesting to tell his disciples how they should respond to the needs of the crowds mentioned in the previous section. MAT 9 37 mur4 writing-proverbs 0 The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few Jesus uses a proverb to respond to what he is seeing. Jesus means there are a lot of people who are ready to believe God but only few people to teach them God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 9 37 m6ke 0 The harvest is plentiful "There is plenty of ripe food for someone to collect" MAT 9 37 h3a2 0 laborers "workers" MAT 9 38 vz8y 0 pray to the Lord of the harvest "pray to God, because he is in charge of the harvest" MAT 10 intro m5iu 0 # Matthew 10 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The sending of the twelve disciples<br><br>Many verses in this chapter describe how Jesus sent the twelve disciples out. He sent them to tell his message about the kingdom of heaven. They were to tell his message only in Israel and not to share it with the Gentiles.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### The twelve disciples<br><br>The following are the lists of the twelve disciples:<br><br>In Matthew:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Mark:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Luke:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James.<br><br>##### "The kingdom of heaven has come near"<br><br>No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near."<br> MAT 10 1 nhp2 0 Connecting Statement: This begins an account of Jesus sending out his twelve disciples to do his work. MAT 10 1 gjs9 translate-numbers 0 called his twelve disciples together "summoned his 12 disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 10 1 x1er 0 gave them authority Be sure that the text clearly communicates that this authority was 1) to drive out unclean spirits and 2) to heal disease and sickness. MAT 10 1 pq8k 0 to drive them out "to make the unclean spirits leave" MAT 10 1 x29j 0 all kinds of disease and all kinds of sickness "every disease and every sickness." The words "disease" and "sickness" are closely related but should be translated as two different words if possible. "Disease" is what causes a person to be sick. "Sickness" is the physical weakness or affliction that results from having a disease. MAT 10 2 yt7a 0 General Information: Here the author provides the names of the twelve apostles as background information. MAT 10 2 t59v writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew tells background information about the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 10 2 f1vu 0 twelve apostles This is the same group as the "twelve disciples" in [Matthew 10:1](../10/01.md). MAT 10 2 sc7b translate-ordinal 0 first This is first in order, not in rank. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 10 3 g6eg 0 Matthew the tax collector "Matthew, who was a tax collector" MAT 10 4 n4st 0 the Zealot Possible meanings are 1) "the Zealot" is a title that shows that he was part of the group of people who wanted to free the Jewish people from Roman rule. Alternate translation: "the patriot" or "the nationalist" or 2) "the Zealot" is a description that shows that he was zealous for God to be honored. Alternate translation: "the zealous one" or "the passionate one" MAT 10 4 kmp2 0 who would betray him "who would betray Jesus" MAT 10 5 sn9v figs-events 0 General Information: Although verse 5 begins by saying that he sent out the twelve, Jesus gave these instructions before he sent them out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) MAT 10 5 aw5h 0 Connecting Statement: Here Jesus begins to give instructions to his disciples about what they should do and expect when they go to preach. MAT 10 5 c46d 0 These twelve Jesus sent out "Jesus sent out these twelve men" or "It was these twelve men whom Jesus sent out" MAT 10 5 yix4 0 sent out Jesus sent them out for a particular purpose. MAT 10 5 ryl4 0 He instructed them "He told them what they needed to do" or "He commanded them" MAT 10 6 q1pb figs-metaphor 0 lost sheep of the house of Israel This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have strayed from their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 6 b6i2 figs-metonymy 0 house of Israel This refers to the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "people of Israel" or "descendants of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 7 uff2 figs-you 0 as you go Here "you" is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 7 w59i figs-metonymy 0 The kingdom of heaven has come near The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use the word "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: "Our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 8 e13x 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about what they should do when they go to preach. MAT 10 8 v5sp figs-you 0 Heal ... raise ... cleanse ... cast out ... you have received ... give These verbs and pronouns are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 8 bb4d figs-idiom 0 raise the dead This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "cause the dead to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 10 8 ilj9 figs-ellipsis 0 Freely you have received, freely give Jesus did not state what the disciples had received or were to give. Some languages may require this information in the sentence. Here "freely" means that there was no payment. Alternate translation: "Freely you have received these things, freely give them to others" or "You received these things without paying, so give them to others without making them pay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 10 8 ls6j figs-metaphor 0 Freely you have received, freely give Here "received" is a metaphor that represents being made able to do things, and "give" is a metaphor that represents doing things for others. Alternate translation: "Freely you have received the ability to do these things, freely do them for others" or "Freely I have made you able to do these things, freely do them for others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 9 dw4i figs-you 0 your This refers to the twelve apostles and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 9 a4xx figs-metonymy 0 gold, silver, or copper These are metals out of which coins were made. This list is a metonym for money, so if the metals are unknown in your area, translate the list as "money." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 9 b4m7 0 purses This means "belts" or "money belts," but it can refer to whatever might be used to carry money. A belt is a long strip of cloth or leather worn around the waist. It was often wide enough that it could be folded and used to carry money. MAT 10 10 kia9 0 traveling bag This could either be any bag used to carry things on a journey, or a bag used by someone to collect food or money. MAT 10 10 i2ex 0 an extra tunic Use the same word you used for "tunic" in [Matthew 5:40](../05/40.md). MAT 10 10 ei4d 0 laborer worker MAT 10 10 m97h figs-synecdoche 0 his food Here "food" refers to anything a person needs. Alternate translation: "what he needs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 10 11 dk1r 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about what they should do when they go out to preach. MAT 10 11 b7ig 0 Whatever city or village you enter "Whenever you enter a city or village" or "When you go into any city or village" MAT 10 11 p4ln 0 city ... village "large village ... small village" or "large town ... small town." See how you translated this in [Matthew 9:35](../09/35.md). MAT 10 11 r7kj figs-you 0 you This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 11 c3uf 0 worthy A "worthy" person is a person who is willing to welcome the disciples. MAT 10 11 a41d figs-explicit 0 stay there until you leave The full meaning of the statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "stay in that person's house until you leave the town or village" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 10 12 n6cm figs-metonymy 0 As you enter into the house, greet it The phrase "greet it" means greet the house. A common greeting in those days was "Peace be to this house!" Here "house" represents the people who live in the house. Alternate translation: "As you enter the house, greet the people who live in it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 12 k1xk figs-you 0 you This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 13 qip2 figs-you 0 your ... your These are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 13 kc9m figs-metonymy 0 the house is worthy ... not worthy Here "the house" represents those who live in the house. A "worthy" person is a person who is willing to welcome the disciples. Jesus compares this person to one who is "not worthy," a person who does not welcome the disciples. Alternate translation: "the people who live in that house receive you well" or "the people who live in that house treat you well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 13 q75a figs-metonymy 0 let your peace come upon it The word "it" refers to the house, which represents the people who live in the house. Alternate translation: "let them receive your peace" or "let them receive the peace that you greeted them with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 13 ha8f figs-metonymy 0 if it is not worthy The word "it" means the house. Here "house" refers to the people who live in the house. Alternate translation: "if they do not receive you well" or "if they do not treat you well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 13 my3y 0 let your peace come back to you Possible meanings are 1) if the household was not worthy, then God would hold back peace or blessings from that household or 2) if the household was not worthy, then the apostles were supposed to do something, such as asking God not to honor their greeting of peace. If your language has a similar meaning of taking back a greeting or its effects, that should be used here. MAT 10 14 yn9k 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about what they should do when they go to preach. MAT 10 14 m8e9 0 As for those who do not receive you or listen "If no people in that house or city will receive you or listen" MAT 10 14 w5py figs-you 0 you ... your This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 14 z826 figs-metonymy 0 listen to your words Here "words" refers to what the disciples say. Alternate translation: "listen to your message" or "listen to what you have to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 14 hi3i 0 city You should translate this the same way you did in [Matthew 10:11](../10/11.md). MAT 10 14 i5mc translate-symaction 0 shake off the dust from your feet "shake the dust off your feet as you leave." This is a sign that God has rejected the people of that house or city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 10 15 pk4f 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 10 15 d6ib 0 it shall be more tolerable "the suffering shall be less" MAT 10 15 sg3c figs-metonymy 0 the land of Sodom and Gomorrah This refers to the people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah. Alternate translation: "the people who lived in the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 15 zmm2 figs-metonymy 0 that city This refers to the people in the city that does not receive the apostles or listen to their message. Alternate translation: "the people of the city that does not receive you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 16 lf4i 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples. Here he begins to tell them about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach. MAT 10 16 ggp6 0 See, I send The word "See" here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "Look, I send" or "Listen, send" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you. I send" MAT 10 16 c9bi 0 I send you out Jesus is sending them out for a particular purpose. MAT 10 16 b262 figs-simile 0 as sheep in the midst of wolves Sheep are defenseless animals that wolves often attack. Jesus is stating that people may harm the disciples. Alternate translation: "as sheep among people who are like dangerous wolves" or "as sheep among people who act the way dangerous animals act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 10 16 s21a figs-simile 0 be as wise as serpents and harmless as doves Jesus is telling the disciples they must be cautious and harmless among the people. If comparing the disciples to serpents or doves is confusing, it might be better not to state the similes. Alternate translation: "act with understanding and caution, as well as with innocence and virtue" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 10 17 a55q writing-connectingwords 0 Watch out for people! They will You can translate with "because" to show how these two statements relate. Alternate translation: "Watch out for people because they will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]]) MAT 10 17 csc4 0 will deliver you up to "will put you under the control of" MAT 10 17 fct4 0 councils local religious leaders or elders who together keep peace in the community MAT 10 17 gs2d 0 whip you "beat you with a whip" MAT 10 18 pe3d figs-activepassive 0 you will be brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will bring you" or "they will drag you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 18 p74k 0 for my sake "because you belong to me" or "because you follow me" MAT 10 18 u5wc 0 to them and to the Gentiles The pronoun "them" refers either to the "governors and kings" or to the Jewish accusers. MAT 10 19 ksi4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach. MAT 10 19 e5t6 0 When they deliver you up "When people take you to the councils." The "people" here are the same "people" as in [Matthew 10:17](../10/17.md). MAT 10 19 qcs3 figs-you 0 you ... you These are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 19 qzd2 0 do not be anxious "do not worry" MAT 10 19 ien3 figs-hendiadys 0 how or what you will speak "how you are to speak or what you are to say." The two ideas may be combined: "what you are to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) MAT 10 19 l7rb figs-activepassive 0 for what to say will be given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the Holy Spirit will tell you what to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 19 cm7h figs-metonymy 0 in that hour Here "hour" means "right then." Alternate translation: "right then" or "at that time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 20 yuk1 figs-you 0 you ... your These are plural and refer to the twelve apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 20 v9tm 0 the Spirit of your Father If necessary, this can be translated as "the Spirit of God your heavenly Father" or a footnote can be added to make it clear that this refers to God the Holy Spirit and not to the spirit of an earthly father. MAT 10 20 k3xr guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 10 20 zxd8 0 in you "through you" MAT 10 21 i8q5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach. MAT 10 21 p9ms 0 Brother will deliver up brother to death "One brother will deliver up his brother to death" or "Brothers will deliver up their brothers to death." Jesus speaks of something that will happen many times. MAT 10 21 lh6z figs-abstractnouns 0 deliver up brother to death The abstract noun "death" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "hand brother over to authorties who will execute him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 10 21 p8w9 figs-ellipsis 0 a father his child These words can be translated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "fathers will deliver up their children to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 10 21 xja9 0 rise up against "rebel against" or "turn against" MAT 10 21 xf2d figs-activepassive 0 cause them to be put to death This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "have them put to death" or "have the authorities execute them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 22 sp6p figs-activepassive 0 You will be hated by everyone This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Everyone will hate you" or "All people will hate you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 22 va6i figs-you 0 You This is plural and refers to the twelve disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 22 n3xn figs-metonymy 0 because of my name Here "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because you trust in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 22 k5w9 0 whoever endures "whoever stays faithful" MAT 10 22 j71i 0 to the end It is not clear whether the "end" means when a person dies, when the persecution ends, or the end of the age when God shows himself to be king. The main point is that they endure as long as necessary. MAT 10 22 qn7j figs-activepassive 0 that person will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will deliver that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 23 m42z 0 in this city Here "this" does not refer to a specific city. Alternate translation: "in one city" MAT 10 23 jjd4 0 flee to the next "flee to the next city" MAT 10 23 gk1s 0 truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 10 23 dk4u figs-123person 0 Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 10 23 tm8z 0 has come "arrives" MAT 10 24 uv9r 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach. MAT 10 24 p8mr writing-proverbs 0 A disciple is not greater than his teacher, nor a servant above his master Jesus is using a proverb to teach his disciples a general truth. Jesus is emphasizing that the disciples should not expect people to treat them any better than the people treat Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 10 24 syb2 0 A disciple is not greater than his teacher "A disciple is always less important than his teacher" or "A teacher is always more important than his disciple" MAT 10 24 nc3e 0 nor a servant above his master "and a servant is always less important than his master" or "and a master is always more important than his servant" MAT 10 25 e2ae 0 It is enough for the disciple that he should be like his teacher "The disciple should be satisfied to become like his teacher" MAT 10 25 t7jp figs-explicit 0 be like his teacher If necessary, you can make explicit how the disciple becomes like the teacher. Alternate translation: "know as much as his teacher knows" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 10 25 e6z3 figs-explicit 0 the servant like his master If necessary, you can make explicit how the servant becomes like the master. Alternate translation: "the servant should be satisfied to become only as important as his master" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 10 25 u355 0 If they have called the master ... how much worse ... they call ... the members of his household Again Jesus is emphasizing that since people have mistreated him, his disciples should expect people to treat them the same or worse. MAT 10 25 bg2l 0 how much worse would be the names they call the members of his household "the names that they call the members of his household will certainly be much worse" or "they will certainly call the members of his household much worse names" MAT 10 25 cp96 0 If they have called "Since people have called" MAT 10 25 pu5y figs-metaphor 0 the master of the house Jesus is using this as a metaphor for himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 25 y5md 0 Beelzebul This name can either be 1) transcribed directly as "Beelzebul" or 2) translated with its original, intended meaning of "Satan." MAT 10 25 r5ll figs-metaphor 0 his household This is a metaphor for Jesus' disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 26 zb2j 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go out to preach. MAT 10 26 twv2 0 do not fear them Here "them" refers to the people who mistreat followers of Jesus. MAT 10 26 xqs4 figs-metaphor 0 there is nothing concealed that will not be revealed, and nothing hidden that will not be known Both of these statements mean the same thing. Being concealed or hidden represents being kept secret, and being revealed represents being made known. Jesus is emphasizing that God will make all things known. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will reveal the things that people hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 27 fa1s figs-parallelism 0 What I tell you in the darkness, say in the daylight, and what you hear softly in your ear, proclaim upon the housetops Both of these statements mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that the disciples should tell everyone what he tells the disciples in private. Alternate translation: "Tell people in the daylight what I tell you in the darkness, and proclaim upon the housetops what you hear softly in your ear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 10 27 kw75 figs-metonymy 0 What I tell you in the darkness, say in the daylight Here "darkness" is a metonym for "night" which is a metonym for "private." Here "daylight" is a metonym for "public." Alternate translation: "What I tell you privately at night, say in public in the day light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 27 fc49 figs-idiom 0 what you hear softly in your ear This is a way of referring to whispering. Alternate translation: "what I whisper to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 10 27 t9u9 figs-metonymy 0 proclaim upon the housetops Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people far away could hear anyone speaking with a loud voice. Here "housetops" refers to any place where all people can hear. Alternate translation: "speak loudly in a public place for all to hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 28 s6wq 0 General Information: Here Jesus also begins to give reasons why his disciples should not be afraid of the persecution they might experience. MAT 10 28 p3fn 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the persecution they will endure when they go to preach. MAT 10 28 fb29 figs-distinguish 0 Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but are unable to kill the soul This is not distinguishing between people who cannot kill the soul and people who can kill the soul. No person can kill the soul. Alternate translation: "Do not be afraid of people. They can kill the body, but they cannot kill the soul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) MAT 10 28 lc56 0 kill the body This means to cause physical death. If these words are awkward, they can be translated as "kill you" or "kill other people." MAT 10 28 ei7y 0 body the part of a person that can be touched, as opposed to the soul or spirit MAT 10 28 e4de 0 kill the soul This means to harm people after they have physically died. MAT 10 28 e76n 0 soul the part of a person that cannot be touched and that lives on after the physical body dies MAT 10 28 pk7k writing-connectingwords 0 fear him who is able You can add "because" to clarify why people should fear God. Alternate translation: "fear God because he is able" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]]) MAT 10 29 tm3s writing-proverbs 0 Are not two sparrows sold for a small coin? Jesus states this proverb as a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "Think about the sparrows. They have so little value that you can buy two of them for only one small coin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 10 29 q22l translate-unknown 0 sparrows These are very small, seed-eating birds. Alternate translation: "small birds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 10 29 i399 0 a small coin This is often translated as the least valuable coin available in your country. It refers to a copper coin worth about one-sixteenth of a day's wage for a laborer. Alternate translation: "very little money" MAT 10 29 wxt4 figs-doublenegatives 0 not one of them falls to the ground without your Father's knowledge This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "your Father knows when even one sparrow dies and falls to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 10 29 fe8z guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 10 30 cih3 figs-activepassive 0 even the hairs of your head are all numbered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God knows even how many hairs are on your head" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 10 30 nb7b 0 numbered "counted" MAT 10 31 n2tz 0 You are more valuable than many sparrows "God values you more than many sparrows" MAT 10 32 jtw9 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience. MAT 10 32 ntt9 0 everyone who confesses me ... I will also confess before my Father "whoever confesses me ... I will also confess before my Father" or "if anyone confesses me ... I will also confess him before my Father" MAT 10 32 yj44 0 confesses me before men "tells others that he is my disciple" or "acknowledges before other people that he is loyal to me" MAT 10 32 j4dh figs-ellipsis 0 I will also confess before my Father who is in heaven You can make explicit the information that is understood. Alternate translation: "I will also acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven that that person belongs to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 10 32 kdd2 0 my Father who is in heaven "my heavenly Father" MAT 10 32 n1nb guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 10 33 sx8g 0 he who denies me ... I will also deny before my Father "whoever denies me ... I will also deny before my Father" or "if anyone denies me ... I will also deny him before my Father" MAT 10 33 d15s 0 denies me before men "denies to other people that he is loyal to me" or "refuses to acknowledge to others that he is my disciple" MAT 10 33 cnu3 figs-ellipsis 0 I will also deny before my Father who is in heaven You can make explicit the information that is understood. Alternate translation: "I will deny before my Father who is in heaven that this person belongs to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 10 34 bx73 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience. MAT 10 34 rrp3 0 Do not think "Do not suppose" or "You must not think" MAT 10 34 l5ad figs-metonymy 0 upon the earth This refers to the people who live on the earth. Alternate translation: "to the people of the earth" or "to people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 34 jq6d figs-metonymy 0 a sword This refers to division, fighting, and killing among people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 10 35 xx5m 0 to set ... against "to cause ... to fight against" MAT 10 35 k18y 0 a man against his father "a son against his father" MAT 10 36 lhc2 0 A man's enemies "A person's enemies" or "A person's worst enemies" MAT 10 36 g166 0 those of his own household "members of his own family" MAT 10 37 ju1k 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience. MAT 10 37 x1xg figs-gendernotations 0 He who loves ... is not worthy Here "he" means any person in general. Alternate translation: "Those who love ... are not worthy" or "If you love ... you are not worthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) MAT 10 37 az6t 0 loves The word for "love" here refers to "brotherly love" or "love from a friend." Alternate translation: "cares for" or "is devoted to" or "is fond of" MAT 10 37 fb3p 0 worthy of me "deserve to belong to me" or "worthy to be my disciple" MAT 10 38 ye95 figs-metonymy 0 pick up his cross and follow after me "carry his cross and follow me." The cross represents suffering and death. Taking up the cross represents being willing to suffer and die. Alternate translation: "obey me even to the point of suffering and dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 38 ai2r 0 pick up "take up" or "pick up and carry" MAT 10 39 u4jh writing-proverbs 0 He who finds his life will lose it. But he who loses ... will find it Jesus uses a proverb to teach his disciples. This should be translated with as few words as possible. Alternate translation: "Those who find their lives will lose them. But those who lose their lives ... will find them" or "If you find your life you will lose it. But if you lose your life ... you will find it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 10 39 jwf2 figs-metaphor 0 finds This is a metaphor for "keeps" or "saves." Alternate translation: "tries to keep" or "tries to save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 39 pbf3 figs-metaphor 0 will lose it This does not mean the person will die. It is a metaphor that means the person will not experience spiritual life with God. Alternate translation: "will not have true life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 39 i3x4 figs-metaphor 0 who loses his life This does not mean to die. It is a metaphor that means a person considers obeying Jesus more important than his own life. Alternate translation: "who denies himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 39 hz7r 0 for my sake "because he trusts me" or "on my account" or "because of me." This is the same idea as "for my sake" in [Matthew 10:18](../10/18.md). MAT 10 39 g2c8 figs-metaphor 0 will find it This metaphor means the person will experience spiritual life with God. Alternate translation: "will find true life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 10 40 u2wq 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to instruct his disciples about the reasons why they should not be afraid of the persecution that they might experience. MAT 10 40 asg3 figs-gendernotations 0 He who The word "He" refers to anyone in general. Alternate translation: "Whoever" or "Anyone who" or "The one who" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) MAT 10 40 c77e 0 welcomes This means to receive someone as a guest. MAT 10 40 ir49 figs-you 0 you This is plural and refers to the twelve apostles to whom Jesus is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 10 40 pf1j 0 He who welcomes you welcomes me Jesus means that when someone welcomes you, it is like welcoming him. Alternate translation: "When someone welcomes you, it is like he is welcoming me" or "If someone welcomes you, it is as if he were welcoming me" MAT 10 40 y9ck 0 he who welcomes me also welcomes him who sent me This means that when someone welcomes Jesus, it is like welcoming God. Alternate translation: "When someone welcomes me, it is like he is welcoming God the Father who sent me" or "If someone welcomes me, it is as if he were welcoming God the Father who sent me" MAT 10 41 g43d 0 because he is a prophet Here "he" does not refer to the person who is welcoming. It refers to the person being welcomed. MAT 10 41 yj1q 0 a prophet's reward This refers to the reward that God gives the prophet, not to the reward that a prophet gives to another person. MAT 10 41 gjf3 0 he is a righteous man Here "he" does not refer to the person who is welcoming. It refers to the person being welcomed. MAT 10 41 qfv7 0 a righteous man's reward This refers to the reward God gives to a righteous person, not a reward that a righteous person gives to another person. MAT 10 42 wx4a 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes instructing his disciples about what they should do and expect when they go to preach. MAT 10 42 v6jg 0 Whoever gives "Anyone who gives" MAT 10 42 z8tk 0 one of these little ones "one of these lowly ones" or "the least important of these." The phrase "one of these" here refers to one of Jesus' disciples. MAT 10 42 lza6 0 because he is a disciple "because he is my disciple." Here "he" does not refer to the one giving but to the unimportant one. MAT 10 42 wx29 0 truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 10 42 y1ie 0 he will ... his reward Here "he" and "his" refer to the one who is giving. MAT 10 42 d61l 0 he will in no way lose "God will not deny him." This has nothing to do with having a possession taken away. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "God will certainly give him" MAT 11 intro puf4 0 # Matthew 11 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quoted material in 11:10.<br><br>Some scholars believe that [Matthew 11:20](../../mat/11/20.md) begins a new stage in the ministry of Christ because of Israel's rejection of him.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Hidden revelation<br><br>After [Matthew 11:20](../../mat/11/20.md), Jesus begins to reveal information about himself and about the plans of God the Father, while hiding this information from those who reject him ([Matthew 11:25](../../mat/11/25.md)).<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "The kingdom of heaven is near"<br><br>No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near."<br> MAT 11 1 z2y7 writing-newevent 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of how Jesus responded to disciples of John the Baptist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) MAT 11 1 dr3u 0 It came about that when This phrase shifts the story from Jesus' teachings to what happened next. Alternate translation: "Then" or "After" MAT 11 1 ki7f 0 had finished instructing "had finished teaching" or "had finished commanding." MAT 11 1 m6h5 translate-numbers 0 his twelve disciples This refers to the twelve chosen apostles of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 11 1 ju1q 0 in their cities Here "their" refers to all the Jews in general. MAT 11 2 n2dc 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 11 2 f3j7 0 when John heard in the prison about "When John, who was in prison, heard about" or "When someone told John, who was in prison, about." Even though Matthew has not yet told the readers that King Herod put John the Baptist in jail, the original audience would have been familiar with the story and understood the implicit information here. Matthew will give more information later about John the Baptist, so it is probably best not to make it explicit here. MAT 11 2 xre1 0 he sent a message by his disciples John the Baptist sent his own disciples with a message to Jesus. MAT 11 3 w2im 0 said to him The pronoun "him" refers to Jesus. MAT 11 3 q89t 0 Are you the one who is coming "Are you the one whom we are expecting to come." This is another way to refer to the Messiah or Christ. MAT 11 3 hrk5 0 should we look for another "should we be expecting someone else." The pronoun "we" refers to all Jews, not only John's disciples. MAT 11 4 a66r 0 report to John "tell John" MAT 11 5 sd6c figs-activepassive 0 lepers are being cleansed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am healing lepers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 5 v274 figs-activepassive 0 the dead are being raised back to life Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people who have died are being caused to live again" or "I am causing those who have died to become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 11 5 g3k4 figs-activepassive 0 the gospel is being preached to the poor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am preaching good news to the poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 5 l443 figs-nominaladj 0 the poor This nominalized adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 11 7 g2q8 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. MAT 11 7 ysq6 figs-rquestion 0 What did you go out in the desert to see—a reed ... wind? Jesus uses a question to cause the people to think about what kind of person John the Baptist is. Alternate translation: "Surely you did not go out to the desert to see a reed ... wind!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 11 7 pc6c figs-metaphor 0 a reed being shaken by the wind Possible meanings are 1) Jesus mean the literal plants by the Jordan River or 2) Jesus is using a metaphor to mean a kind of person. Alternate translation: "a man who easily changes his mind and is like a reed blowing back and forth in the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 11 7 w269 figs-activepassive 0 being shaken by the wind This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "swaying in the wind" or "blowing in the wind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 8 n5hx figs-rquestion 0 But what did you go out to see—a man ... clothing? Jesus uses a question to cause the people to think about what kind of person John the Baptist is. Alternate translation: And, surely you did not go out to the desert to see a man ... clothing!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 11 8 y24r 0 dressed in soft clothing "wearing expensive clothing." Rich people wore this kind of clothing. MAT 11 8 tmb9 0 Really This word adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: "Indeed" MAT 11 8 v9k2 0 kings' houses "kings' palaces" MAT 11 9 cgm4 0 General Information: In verse 10, Jesus quotes the prophet Malachi to show that the life and ministry of John the Baptist fulfilled prophecy. MAT 11 9 w9su 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. MAT 11 9 gm97 figs-rquestion 0 But what did you go out to see—a prophet? Jesus uses a question to make the people think about what kind of man John the Baptist is. Alternate translation: "But surely you went out to the desert to see a prophet!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 11 9 nkd4 0 Yes, I say to you, "I say to you yes," MAT 11 9 fb75 figs-ellipsis 0 much more than a prophet This can be translated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "he is not an ordinary prophet" or "he is more important than a normal prophet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 11 10 de17 figs-activepassive 0 This is he of whom it was written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This is what the prophet Malachi wrote long ago about John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 10 ql5h 0 I am sending my messenger The pronouns "I" and "my" refer to God. Malachi is quoting what God said. MAT 11 10 fi5e figs-you 0 before your face Here "your" is singular, because God was speaking to the Messiah in the quotation. Also, "face" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "in front of you" or "to go ahead of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 11 10 kva7 figs-metaphor 0 prepare your way before you This is a metaphor that means the messenger will prepare the people to receive the Messiah's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 11 11 c7pp 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. MAT 11 11 j7gw 0 I say to you truly "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 11 11 z5yq figs-idiom 0 among those born of women Even though Adam was not born of a women, this is a way of referring to all humans. Alternate translation: "out of all people who have ever lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 11 11 q2kp 0 no one is greater than John the Baptist This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "John the Baptist is the greatest" or "John the Baptist is the most important" MAT 11 11 cag4 figs-metonymy 0 the least important person in the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, try to keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "the least important person under the rule of our God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 11 p5ir 0 is greater than he is "is more important than John is" MAT 11 12 mb4v 0 From the days of John the Baptist "From the time John began preaching his message." The word "days" probably refers here to a period of months or even years. MAT 11 12 inr2 0 the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and men of violence take it by force There are various possible interpretations of this verse. The UST assumes that it means that some people want to use God's kingdom for their own selfish purposes, and that they are willing to use force against other people to accomplish this. Other versions assume a positive interpretation, that the call to enter the kingdom of God has become so urgent, that people must act in an extreme manner in order to answer that call and to resist the temptation to sin further. A third interpretation is that violent people are harming God's people and trying to stop God from ruling. MAT 11 13 v3el 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. MAT 11 13 g1i6 figs-metonymy 0 all the prophets and the law have been prophesying until John Here "prophets and the law" refer to the things that the prophets and Moses wrote in scripture. Alternate translation: "for these are the things that the prophets and Moses have prophesied through the scriptures until the time of John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 14 yg2f figs-you 0 if you Here "you" is plural and refers to the crowd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 11 14 e68u 0 he is Elijah who was to come The word "he" refers to John the Baptist. This does not mean John the Baptist is literally Elijah. Jesus means John the Baptist fulfills the prophecy about "Elijah, who is to come" or the next Elijah. Alternate translation: "when the prophet Malachi said that Elijah would return, he was speaking about John the Baptist" MAT 11 15 z97x figs-metonymy 0 He who has ears to hear, let him hear Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase "ears to hear" here is a metonym for the willingness to understand and obey. Alternate translation: "Let the one who is willing to listen, listen" or "The one who is willing to understand, let him understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 15 w4cc figs-123person 0 He who ... let him Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 11 16 q1s5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. MAT 11 16 mp8g figs-rquestion 0 To what should I compare this generation? Jesus uses a question to introduce a comparison between the people of that day and what children might say in the marketplace. Alternate translation: "This is what this generation is like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 11 16 yat1 0 this generation "the people living now" or "these people" or "you people of this generation" MAT 11 16 l7km 0 marketplace a large, open-air area where people buy and sell items MAT 11 17 wn37 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues the parable that begins with the words "It is like" in verse 16. MAT 11 17 ai4e figs-parables 0 and say ... and you did not weep Jesus uses a parable to describe the people who were alive at that time. He compares them to a group of children who are trying to get the other children to play with them. However, no matter way they do, the other children will not join them. Jesus means that it does not matter if God sends someone like John the Baptist, who lives in the desert and fasts, or someone like Jesus, who celebrates with sinners and does not fast. The people, most specifically the Pharisees and religious leaders, still remain stubborn and refuse to accept God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 11 17 d916 figs-you 0 We played a flute for you "We" refers to the children sitting in the marketplace. Here "you" is plural and refers to the other group of children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 11 17 j5jd 0 and you did not dance "but you did not dance to the happy music" MAT 11 17 t723 figs-explicit 0 We mourned This means they sang sad songs like women did at funerals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 11 17 f87l 0 and you did not weep "but you did not cry with us" MAT 11 18 svc9 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus concludes talking to the crowds about John the Baptist. MAT 11 18 qe7y figs-synecdoche 0 not eating bread or drinking wine Here "bread" refers to food. It does not mean that John never ate food. It means he fasted often, and when he ate, he did not eat good, expensive food. Alternate translation: "frequently fasting and not drinking alcohol" or "not eating fancy food and not drinking wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 11 18 p4ql figs-quotations 0 they say, 'He has a demon.' This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "they say that he has a demon" or "they accuse him of having a demon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 11 18 kd4q 0 they say All occurrences of "they" refer to the people of that generation, and most specifically to the Pharisees and religious leaders. MAT 11 19 iwk8 figs-123person 0 The Son of Man came Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 11 19 gs6z 0 came eating and drinking This is the opposite of John's behavior. This means more than just consuming the normal amount of food and drink. It means Jesus celebrated and enjoyed good food and drink like other people did. MAT 11 19 x4ec figs-quotations 0 they say, 'Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners!' This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "they say that he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." or "they accuse him of eating and drinking too much and of being ... sinners." If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man," you can state this as an indirect statement and use the first person. Alternate translation: "they say that I am a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 11 19 d6gu 0 he is a gluttonous man "he is a greedy eater" or "he continually eats too much food" MAT 11 19 pv4n 0 a drunkard "a drunk" or "he continually drinks too much alcohol" MAT 11 19 vwk4 writing-proverbs 0 But wisdom is justified by her deeds This is a proverb that Jesus applies to this situation, because the people who rejected both him and John were not being wise. Jesus and John the Baptist are the wise ones, and the results of their deeds prove it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 11 19 dz3c figs-personification 0 wisdom is justified by her deeds Here "wisdom" is described as a woman who is proven to be right by what she does. Jesus means that the results of a wise person's actions prove that he is truly wise. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the results of a wise person's deeds prove that he is wise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 20 bwq8 0 General Information: Jesus begins to rebuke the people of the cities where he previously did miracles. MAT 11 20 w4g8 figs-metonymy 0 rebuke the cities Here "the cities" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "rebuke the people of the cities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 20 fxs4 0 cities "towns" MAT 11 20 t51a figs-activepassive 0 in which most of his mighty deeds were done This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "in which he did most of his mighty deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 20 wh1g 0 mighty deeds "mighty works" or "works of power" or "miracles" MAT 11 21 xxb3 figs-apostrophe 0 Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! Jesus speaks as if the people of the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida were there listening to him, but they were not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]]) MAT 11 21 tv81 figs-you 0 Woe to you "How terrible it will be for you." Here "you" is singular and refers to the city. If it is more natural to refer to the people instead of a city, you could translate with a plural "you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 11 21 y9d3 figs-metonymy 0 Chorazin ... Bethsaida ... Tyre ... Sidon The names of these cities are used as metonyms for the people living in these cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 11 21 lh46 figs-hypo 0 If the mighty deeds ... in sackcloth and ashes Jesus is describing a hypothetical situation that could have happened in the past, but it did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) MAT 11 21 tm59 figs-activepassive 0 If the mighty deeds had been done in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you This can be translated with active forms. Alternate translation: "If I had done the mighty deeds among the people of Tyre and Sidon that I have done among you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 21 k3in figs-you 0 which were done in you Here the "you" is plural and refers to Chorazin and Bethsaida. If it is more natural for your language, you could use a dual "you" to refer to the two cities, or a plural "you" to refer to the people of the cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 11 21 bqi8 0 they would have repented long ago The pronoun "they" refers to the people of Tyre and Sidon. MAT 11 21 qx9m 0 would have repented "would have shown they were sorry for their sins" MAT 11 22 mr18 figs-metonymy 0 it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the day of judgment than for you Here "Tyre and Sidon" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "God will show more mercy to the people of Tyre and Sidon in the day of judgment than to you" or "God will punish you more severely at the day of judgment than the people of Tyre and Sidon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 22 ab14 figs-you 0 than for you Here the "you" is plural and refers to Chorazin and Bethsaida. If it is more natural for your language, you could use a dual "you" to refer to the two cities, or a plural "you" to refer to the people of the cities. The implied information can be made explicit. AT "than for you, because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 11 23 udw1 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to rebuke the people of the cities where he previously did miracles. MAT 11 23 vpz6 figs-apostrophe 0 You, Capernaum Jesus now speaks to the people in the city of Capernaum as if they were listening to him, but they were not. The pronoun "you" is singular and refers to Capernaum throughout these two verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]]) MAT 11 23 h8av figs-you 0 You All occurrences of "you" are singular. If it is more natural to refer to the people of the city, you could translate with a plural "you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 11 23 fj7d figs-metonymy 0 Capernaum ... Sodom The names of these cities refer to the people living in Capernaum and in Sodom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 23 aa7t figs-rquestion 0 do you think you will be exalted to heaven? "do you think you will be raised up to heaven?" Jesus uses a rhetorical question to rebuke the people of Capernaum for their pride. It can be stated in active form: Alternate translation: "you cannot raise yourself up to heaven!" or "the praise of other people will not raise you up to heaven!" or "God will not bring you up to heaven like you think he will!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 23 d54d figs-activepassive 0 you will be brought down to Hades This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will send you down to Hades" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 23 vk57 figs-hypo 0 For if in Sodom ... it would still have remained until today Jesus is describing a hypothetical situation that could have happened in the past, but it did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) MAT 11 23 z279 figs-activepassive 0 if in Sodom there had been done the mighty deeds that were done in you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if I had done the mighty deeds among the people of Sodom that I have done among you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 23 e2t7 0 mighty deeds "mighty works" or "works of power" or "miracles" MAT 11 23 yih1 0 it would still have remained The pronoun "it" refers to the city of Sodom. MAT 11 24 y1e3 0 I say to you This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 11 24 e3pa figs-metonymy 0 it shall be easier for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for you Here "land of Sodom" refer to the people who lived there. Alternate translation: "God will show more mercy to the people of Sodom in the day of judgment than to you" or "God will punish you more severely in the day of judgment than the people of Sodom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 24 yk3z figs-explicit 0 than for you The implicit information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "than for you, because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 11 25 f57a 0 General Information: In verses 25 and 26, Jesus prays to his heavenly Father while still in the presence of the crowd. In verse 27, he begins to address the people again. MAT 11 25 h5x4 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 11 25 u9cy figs-merism 0 Lord of heaven and earth "Lord who rules over heaven and earth." The phrase "heaven and earth" is a merism that refers to all people and things in the universe. Alternate translation: "Lord who rules over the whole universe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) MAT 11 25 p1gl 0 you concealed these things ... and revealed them It is not clear what is meant by "these things." If your language needs to specify what is meant, an alternative translation might be best. Alternate translation: "you concealed these truths ... and revealed them" MAT 11 25 lk8f 0 you concealed these things from "you hid these things from" or "you have not made these things known to." This verb is the opposite of "revealed." MAT 11 25 qw5c figs-nominaladj 0 from the wise and understanding These nominal adjectives can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "from people who are wise and understanding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 11 25 las9 figs-irony 0 the wise and understanding Jesus is using irony. He does not think these people are really wise. Alternate translation: "people who think they are wise and understanding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 11 25 uwu5 0 revealed them "made them known." The pronoun "them" refers to "these things" earlier in this verse. MAT 11 25 b6w5 figs-metaphor 0 to little children Jesus compares ignorant people to little children. Jesus is emphasizing that many of those who believe him either are not well educated or do not think of themselves as wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 11 26 qp7t figs-metonymy 0 for so it was well-pleasing in your sight The phrase "in your sight" is a metonym that stands for how a person considers something. Alternate translation: "for you considered it good to do this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 11 27 yk5w figs-activepassive 0 All things have been entrusted to me from my Father This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My Father has entrusted all things to me" or "My Father has given everything over to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 11 27 gd67 0 All things Possible meanings are 1) God the Father has revealed everything about himself and his kingdom to Jesus or 2) God has given all authority to Jesus. MAT 11 27 j3vk guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 11 27 s1as 0 no one knows the Son except the Father "only the Father knows the Son" MAT 11 27 rt5b 0 no one knows The word "knows" here means more than just being acquainted with someone. It means knowing somoene intimately because of having a special relationship with him. MAT 11 27 esp4 figs-123person 0 the Son Jesus was referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 11 27 l8xe guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 11 27 w6yq 0 no one knows the Father except the Son "only the Son knows the Father" MAT 11 28 q9x1 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes speaking to the crowd. MAT 11 28 x978 figs-you 0 all you All occurrences of "you" are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 11 28 t2jj figs-metaphor 0 who labor and are heavy burdened Jesus speaks of people being discouraged in their attempts to obey all the laws as if those laws were heavy burdens and the people were laboring to carry them. Alternate translation: "who are discouraged from trying so hard" or "Who are discouraged from trying so hard to obey the laws perfectly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 11 28 f1w4 0 I will give you rest "I will allow you to rest from your labor and burden" MAT 11 29 q1ya figs-metaphor 0 Take my yoke on you Jesus continues the metaphor. Jesus is inviting the people to become his disciples and follow him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 11 29 t1rh figs-doublet 0 I am meek and lowly in heart Here "meek" and "lowly in heart" mean basically the same thing. Jesus combines them to emphasize that he will be much kinder than the religious leaders. Alternate translation: "I am gentle and humble" or "I am very gentle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) MAT 11 29 i3qs figs-metonymy 0 lowly in heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "lowly in heart" is an idiom that means "humble." Alternate translation: "humble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 11 29 i3ls figs-synecdoche 0 you will find rest for your souls Here "soul" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "you will find rest for yourselves" or "you will be able to rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 11 30 ynf1 figs-parallelism 0 For my yoke is easy and my burden is light Both of these phrases mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that it is easier to obey him than it is the Jewish law. Alternate translation: "For what I place on you, you will be able to carry because it is light" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 11 30 tc2g 0 my burden is light The word "light" here is the opposite of heavy, not the opposite of dark. MAT 12 intro y7z6 0 # Matthew 12 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:18-21, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The Sabbath<br><br>This chapter has much to say about how God's people are to obey the Sabbath. Jesus said that the rules that the Pharisees made up did not help people obey the Sabbath the way God wanted them to. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br><br>##### "Blasphemy against the Spirit"<br><br>No one knows for sure what actions people perform or what words they say when they commit this sin. However, they probably insult the Holy Spirit and his work. Part of the Holy Spirit's work is to make people understand that they are sinners and that they need to have God forgive them. Therefore, anyone who does not try to stop sinning is probably committing blasphemy against the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Brothers and sisters<br><br>Most people call those who have the same parents "brother" and "sister" and think of them as the most important people in their lives. Many people also call those with the same grandparents "brother" and "sister." In this chapter Jesus says that the most important people to him are those who obey his Father in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/brother]])<br> MAT 12 1 u1f2 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of growing opposition to Jesus' ministry. Here, the Pharisees criticize his disciples for picking grain on the Sabbath. MAT 12 1 m2n1 0 At that time This marks a new part of the story. Alternate translation: "A little later" MAT 12 1 tvt9 translate-unknown 0 grainfields a place to plant grain. If wheat is unknown and "grain" is too general, then you can use "fields of the plant they made bread from." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 12 1 yrf8 0 pluck heads of grain and eat them Picking grain in others' fields and eating it was not considered stealing. The question was whether one could do this otherwise lawful activity on the Sabbath. MAT 12 1 zz4r 0 to pluck heads of grain and eat them "to pick some of the wheat and eat it" or "to pick some of the grain and eat it" MAT 12 1 y5vr 0 heads of grain This is the topmost part of the wheat plant. It holds the mature grain or seeds of the plant. MAT 12 2 swl7 0 do what is unlawful to do on the Sabbath Picking grain in others' fields and eating it was not considered stealing. The question was whether one could do this otherwise lawful activity on the Sabbath. MAT 12 2 mch7 0 the Pharisees This does not mean all of the Pharisees. Alternate translation: "some Pharisees" MAT 12 2 nh12 0 See, your disciples "Look, your disciples." The Pharisees use this word to draw attention to what the disciples are doing. MAT 12 3 mzn1 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus responds to the Pharisees' criticism. MAT 12 3 et11 0 to them "to the Pharisees" MAT 12 3 d712 figs-rquestion 0 Have you never read ... with him? Jesus uses a question to respond to the criticism of the Pharisees. Jesus is challenging them to think about the meaning of the scriptures they have read. Alternate translation: "I know you have read about ... with him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 4 blm5 0 the house of God During the time of David there was no temple yet. Alternate translation: "the tabernacle" or "the place for worshiping God" MAT 12 4 ue7l figs-explicit 0 bread of the presence This is sacred bread that priests placed before God in the tabernacle. Alternate translation: "bread that the priest placed before God" or "the sacred bread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 12 4 c6a8 0 those who were with him "the men who were with David" MAT 12 4 lkx9 0 but lawful only for the priests "but, according to the law, only the priest could eat it" MAT 12 5 tjh3 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. MAT 12 5 f79q figs-rquestion 0 Have you not read in the law that ... but are guiltless? Jesus uses a question to respond to the criticism of the Pharisees. Jesus is challenging them to think about the meaning of what they have read in the scriptures. Alternate translation: "Surely you have read in the law of Moses that ... but are guiltless." or "You should know that the law teaches that ... but are guiltless." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 5 dqe9 0 profane the Sabbath "do on the Sabbath what they would do on any other day" MAT 12 5 i6y9 0 are guiltless "God will not punish them" or "God does not consider them guilty" MAT 12 6 ji7a 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 12 6 k4mn figs-123person 0 one greater than the temple "someone who is more important than the temple." Jesus was referring to himself as the one greater. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 7 rh53 0 General Information: In verse 7, Jesus quotes the prophet Hosea to rebuke the Pharisees. MAT 12 7 vye2 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. MAT 12 7 ypj7 figs-explicit 0 If you had known what this meant, 'I desire mercy and not sacrifice,' you would not have condemned the guiltless Here Jesus quotes scripture. Alternate translation: "The prophet Hosea wrote this long ago: 'I desire mercy and not sacrifice.' If you had understood what this meant, you would not have condemned the guiltless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 12 7 e1ju 0 I desire mercy and not sacrifice In the law of Moses, God did command the Israelites to offer sacrifices. This means God considers mercy more important than the sacrifices. MAT 12 7 jw57 0 I desire The pronoun "I" refers to God. MAT 12 7 s23l figs-nominaladj 0 the guiltless This can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "those who are not guilty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 12 8 l7g3 figs-123person 0 Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 8 jx98 0 is Lord of the Sabbath "rules over the Sabbath" or "makes the laws about what people can do on the Sabbath" MAT 12 9 i489 0 General Information: Here the scene shifts to a later time when the Pharisees criticize Jesus for healing a man on the Sabbath. MAT 12 9 hns8 0 Then Jesus left from there "Jesus left the grainfields" or "Then Jesus left" MAT 12 9 y4me 0 their synagogue Possible meanings are 1) the word "their" refers to the Jews of that town. Alternate translation: "the synogogue" or 2) the word "their" refers to the Pharisees that Jesus had just spoken to, and this was the synagogue that they and other Jews in that town attended. The word "their" does not mean that the Pharisees owned the synagogue. Alternate translation: "the synagogue that they attended" MAT 12 10 kjf6 0 Behold The word "Behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 12 10 xb13 0 a man who had a withered hand "a man who had a paralyzed hand" or "a man with a crippled hand" MAT 12 10 t948 0 The Pharisees asked Jesus, saying, "Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?" so that they might accuse him of sinning "The Pharisees wanted to accuse Jesus of sinning, so they asked him, 'Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?'" MAT 12 10 gdj6 0 Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath "According to the law of Moses, may a person heal another person on the Sabbath" MAT 12 10 c1cc figs-explicit 0 so that they might accuse him of sinning They did not just want to accuse Jesus in front of the people. The Pharisees wanted Jesus to give an answer that contradicted the law of Moses so they could take him before a judge and legally charge him with breaking the law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 12 11 g98l 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus responds to the Pharisees' criticism. MAT 12 11 ng4j figs-rquestion 0 What man would there be among you, who, if he had just one sheep ... would not grasp hold of it and lift it out? Jesus uses a question to respond to the Pharisees. He is challenging them to think about what kind of work they do on the Sabbath. Alternate translation: "Every one of you, if you only had one sheep ... would grab the sheep and lift it out." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 12 s2tu 0 How much more valuable, then, is a man than a sheep! The phrase "how much more" adds emphasis to the statement. Alternate translation: "Obviously, a man is much more valuable than a sheep!" or "Just think about how much more important a man is than a sheep" MAT 12 12 a9ld 0 it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath "those who do good on the Sabbath are obeying the law" MAT 12 13 be8u figs-quotations 0 Then Jesus said to the man, "Stretch out your hand." This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Then Jesus commanded the man to stretch out his hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 12 13 ljl6 0 to the man "to the man with the paralyzed hand" or "to the man with the crippled hand" MAT 12 13 fm9r 0 Stretch out your hand "Hold out your hand" or "Extend your hand" MAT 12 13 s5ep 0 He stretched "The man stretched" MAT 12 13 jry3 figs-activepassive 0 it was restored to health This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was healthy again" or "it became well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 14 w4zl 0 plotted against him "planned to harm Jesus" MAT 12 14 jdn2 0 were seeking how they might put him to death "were discussing how they might kill Jesus" MAT 12 15 d4lk 0 General Information: This account explains how the actions of Jesus fulfilled one of the prophecies of Isaiah. MAT 12 15 d5l9 0 As Jesus perceived this, he "Jesus was aware of what the Pharisees were planning, so he" MAT 12 15 hw22 0 withdrew from "departed from" or "left" MAT 12 16 bk1n 0 not to make him known to others "not to tell anyone else about him" MAT 12 17 dc7z 0 that it might come true, what The phrase "that it might come true" can be translated as the beginning of a new sentence. Alternate translation: "This was to fulfill what" MAT 12 17 mcd7 0 what had been said through Isaiah the prophet, saying This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God had said long ago through the prophet Isaiah" MAT 12 18 zkt7 0 Connecting Statement: Here Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus' ministry fulfilled scripture. MAT 12 18 f5kz 0 See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" MAT 12 18 fjw6 0 my ... I All occurrences of these words refer to God. Isaiah is quoting what God said to him. MAT 12 18 yv4f 0 my beloved one, in whom my soul is well pleased "he is my beloved one, and I am very pleased with him" MAT 12 18 s6a4 figs-synecdoche 0 in whom my soul is well pleased Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "with whom I am very pleased" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 12 18 jh8p figs-explicit 0 he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles The means that God's servant will tell the Gentiles that there will be justice. It can be stated clearly that God is the one who will bring about justice, and the abstract noun "justice" can be expressed as "what is right." Alternate translation: "he will announce to the nations that God will do for them what is right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 12 19 me7p 0 Connecting Statement: Matthew continues to quote the prophet Isaiah. MAT 12 19 hb2m figs-metonymy 0 neither will anyone hear his voice Here people not hearing his voice represents him not speaking loudly. Alternate translation: "he will not speak loudly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 19 gj1p 0 He ... his All occurrences of these words refer to God's chosen servant. MAT 12 19 jr87 figs-idiom 0 in the streets This is an idiom that means "publicly." Alternate translation: "in the cities and towns" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 12 20 ii4c 0 He All occurrences of "he" refer to God's chosen servant. MAT 12 20 cdk2 figs-parallelism 0 He will not break any bruised reed; he will not quench any smoking flax Both of these statements mean the same thing. They are metaphors emphasizing that God's servant will be gentle and kind. Both "bruised reed" and "smoking flax" represent weak and hurting people. If the metaphor is confusing, you could translate the literal meaning. Alternate translation: "He will be kind to weak people, and he will be gentle to those who are hurting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 20 m4uz 0 bruised reed "damaged plant" MAT 12 20 y8mn 0 he will not quench any smoking flax "he will not put out any smoking flax" or "he will not stop any smoking flax from burning" MAT 12 20 bjg2 0 smoking flax This refers to a lamp wick after the flame has gone out and when it is only smoking. MAT 12 20 rer7 0 flax, until This can be translated with a new sentence: "flax. This is what he will do until" MAT 12 20 b6tw figs-abstractnouns 0 he leads justice to victory Leading someone to victory represents causing him to be victorious. Causing justice to be victorious represents making things right that had been wrong. Alternate translation: "he makes everything right" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 12 21 w3rq figs-synecdoche 0 in his name Here "name" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 12 22 nba2 0 General Information: Here the scene shifts to a later time when the Pharisees accuse Jesus of healing a man by the power of Satan. MAT 12 22 e1g4 figs-activepassive 0 Then someone blind and mute, possessed by a demon, was brought to Jesus This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then someone brought to Jesus a man who was blind and mute because a demon was controlling him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 22 k2vt 0 someone blind and mute "someone who could not see and could not talk" MAT 12 23 gy5z 0 All the crowds were amazed "All the people who had seen Jesus heal the man were greatly surprised" MAT 12 23 ink7 0 the Son of David This is a title for the Christ or Messiah. MAT 12 23 h8kf 0 Son of Here this means "descendant of." MAT 12 24 m2jr 0 General Information: In verse 25, Jesus begins to respond to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed the man by the power of Satan. MAT 12 24 wmi1 0 this miracle This refers to the miracle of the healing of a blind, deaf, and demon-possessed man. MAT 12 24 p1mi figs-doublenegatives 0 This man does not cast out demons except by Beelzebul This can be stated in a positive form. "This man is only able to cast out the demon because he is a servant of Beelzebul" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 12 24 wj1y 0 This man The Pharisees avoid calling Jesus by name to show they reject him. MAT 12 24 cii4 0 the prince of the demons "the chief of the demons" MAT 12 25 i1sd writing-proverbs 0 Every kingdom divided against itself is made desolate, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand Jesus uses a proverb to respond to the Pharisees. Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that it would not make sense for Beelzebul to use his power to fight other demons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 12 25 g9ec figs-metonymy 0 Every kingdom divided against itself is made desolate Here "kingdom" refers to those who live in the kingdom. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "A kingdom will not last when its people fight among themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 25 kn8c figs-metonymy 0 every city or house divided against itself will not stand Here "city" refers to the people who live there, and "house" refers to a family. Being "divided against itself" represents its people fighting each other. Alternate translation: "it ruins a city or a family when the people fight each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 26 gm6j 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed the man by the power of Satan. MAT 12 26 i42r figs-metonymy 0 If Satan drives out Satan The second use of Satan refers to the demons that serve Satan. Alternate translation: "If Satan works against his own demons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 26 ah7t figs-rquestion 0 How then will his kingdom stand? Jesus uses this question to show the Pharisees that what they were saying was illogical. Alternate translation: "If Satan were divided against himself, his kingdom would not be able to stand!" or "If Satan were to fight against his own demons, his kingdom would not last!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 27 nvv9 0 Beelzebul This name refers to the same person as "Satan" (verse 26). MAT 12 27 gee9 figs-rquestion 0 by whom do your sons drive them out? Jesus uses another question to challenge the Pharisees. Alternate translation: "then you must say your followers also drive out demons by the power of Beelzebul. But, you know this is not true." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 27 x9je figs-metaphor 0 your sons Jesus was speaking to the Pharisees. The phrase "your sons" refers to their followers. This was a common way of referring to those who follow teachers or leaders. Alternate translation: "your followers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 27 jja2 0 For this reason they will be your judges "Because your followers cast out demons by the power of God, they prove that you are wrong about me." MAT 12 28 f3n7 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. MAT 12 28 zb4d 0 But if I Here "if" does not mean Jesus is questioning how he drives out demons. Here Jesus uses the word to introduce a true statement. Alternate translation: "But because I" MAT 12 28 r5dg figs-metonymy 0 then the kingdom of God has come upon you "then the kingdom of God has arrived among you." Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "this means God is establishing his rule among you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 28 f1wj figs-you 0 come upon you Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 12 29 t4vu figs-parables 0 How can anyone enter the house ... belongings from his house Jesus uses a parable to continue his response to the Pharisees. Jesus means he can drive out demons because he is more powerful than Satan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 12 29 w54c figs-rquestion 0 How can anyone enter ... without tying up the strong man first? Jesus uses a question to teach the Pharisees and the crowd. Alternate translation: "No one can enter ... without tying up the strong man first." or "If a person wants to enter ... he must first tie up the strong man." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 29 jb6x 0 without tying up the strong man first "without taking control of the strong man first" MAT 12 29 u6vu 0 Then he will steal "The he can steal" or "Then he will be able to steal" MAT 12 30 ivp9 0 who is not with me "who does not support me" or "who does not work with me" MAT 12 30 gyk8 0 is against me "opposes me" or "works against me" MAT 12 30 ek1h figs-metaphor 0 the one who does not gather with me scatters Jesus is using a metaphor that refers to a person either gathering the flock of sheep to a shepherd or making them scatter away from the shepherd. Jesus means that a person is either helping to make people become disciples of Jesus or he is making people reject Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 31 qwg4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. MAT 12 31 iy8l 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 12 31 q5hk figs-you 0 say to you Here "you" is plural. Jesus is speaking directly to the Pharisees, but he is also teaching the crowd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 12 31 hy38 figs-activepassive 0 every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will forgive every sin that people commit and every evil thing they say" or "God will forgive every person who sins or says evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 31 ezx8 figs-activepassive 0 blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not forgive the person who speaks evil things about the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 32 gwx2 figs-metonymy 0 Whoever speaks any word against the Son of Man Here "word" refers to what someone says. Alternate translation: "If a person says anything bad about the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 32 h79z figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 32 z3ma figs-activepassive 0 that will be forgiven him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will forgive a person for that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 32 hfs4 0 that will not be forgiven him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will not forgive that person" MAT 12 32 lw5j figs-metonymy 0 neither in this world, nor in that which is to come Here "this world" and "that which is to come" refer to the present life and the next life. Alternate translation: "in this life or in the next life" or "now or ever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 33 d73d 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. MAT 12 33 bi8z 0 Make a tree good and its fruit good, or make the tree bad and its fruit bad Possible meanings are 1) "If you make a tree good, its fruit will be good, and if you make the tree bad, its fruit will be bad" or 2) "If you consider a tree to be good, it will be because its fruit is good, and if you consider it tree to be bad, it will be because its fruit is bad." This was a proverb. People were to apply its truth to how they can know whether a person is good or bad. MAT 12 33 kl16 0 good ... bad "healthy ... diseased" MAT 12 33 kz12 figs-activepassive 0 a tree is recognized by its fruit "Fruit" here is a metaphor for what a person does. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people know whether a tree is good or bad by looking at its fruit" or "people know whether a person is good or bad by looking at the results of that person's activities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 34 r1uv figs-metaphor 0 You offspring of vipers Here "offspring" means "having the characteristic of." Vipers are poisonous snakes that are dangerous and represent evil. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Matthew 3:7](../03/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 34 pl4g figs-you 0 You ... you These are plural and refer to the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 12 34 e7x3 figs-rquestion 0 how can you say good things? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees. Alternate translation: "you cannot say good things." or "you can only say evil things." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 34 e9bg figs-metonymy 0 out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks Here "heart" is a metonym for the thoughts in a person's mind. Here "mouth" is a synecdoche that represents a person as a whole. Alternate translation: "what a person says with his mouth reveals what is in his mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 12 35 r3uw figs-metaphor 0 The good man from the good treasure of his heart produces what is good, and the evil man from the evil treasure of his heart produces what is evil Jesus speaks about the "heart" as if it were a container that a person fills with good or evil things. This is a metaphor that means what a person says reveals what the person is truly like. If you want to keep this imagery, see the UST. You can also translate the literal meaning. Alternate translation: "A man who is truly good will speak good things, and the man who is truly evil will speak evil things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 36 jvg6 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus concludes his response to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed the man by the power of Satan. MAT 12 36 era6 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 12 36 t2pj 0 people will give an account for "God will ask people about" or "people will have to explain to God" MAT 12 36 f1wh figs-metonymy 0 every idle word they will have said Here "word" refers to something that someone says. Alternate translation: "every harmful thing they will have said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 37 qw5e figs-activepassive 0 you will be justified ... you will be condemned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will justify you ... God will condemn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 38 x4le 0 General Information: In verse 39, Jesus begins to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. MAT 12 38 mec3 0 Connecting Statement: The dialogue in these verses happens immediately after Jesus responded to the Pharisees' accusation that he healed a man by the power of Satan. MAT 12 38 aiu6 0 we wish "we want" MAT 12 38 ikg2 figs-explicit 0 to see a sign from you You can make explicit why they want to see a sign. Alternate translation: "to see a sign from you that proves what you say is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 12 39 d8b9 figs-123person 0 An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign ... given to it Jesus is speaking to his present generation. Alternate translation: "You are an evil and adulterous generation who demands signs from me ... given to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 39 a5di figs-metaphor 0 adulterous generation Here "adulterous" is a metaphor for people who are not faithful to God. Alternate translation: "unfaithful generation" or "godless generation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 39 c6hy figs-activepassive 0 no sign will be given to it Jesus would not give them a sign because, though he had already performed many miracles, they refused to believe him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will not give it a sign" or "God will not give you a sign" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 39 j21p 0 except the sign of Jonah the prophet "except the same sign God gave to Jonah the prophet" MAT 12 40 vh9i figs-merism 0 three days and three nights Here "day" and "night" mean complete 24-hour periods. Alternate translation: "three complete days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) MAT 12 40 iuv8 figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 40 gg65 figs-idiom 0 in the heart of the earth This means inside a physical grave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 12 41 k3q6 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. MAT 12 41 gnh1 0 The men of Nineveh "The citizens of Nineveh" MAT 12 41 b94i 0 at the judgment "on judgment day" or "when God judges people" MAT 12 41 x8gm 0 this generation of people This refers to the people living during the time Jesus was preaching. MAT 12 41 duz2 figs-metonymy 0 and will condemn it Possible meanings are 1) "condemn" here represents accusing. Alternate translation: "and will accuse this generation of people" or 2) God will condemn this generation of people because they did not repent as the people of Nineveh had. Alternate translation: "and God will condemn this generation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 41 qg29 0 and see "and look." This emphasizes what Jesus says next. MAT 12 41 dbs3 0 someone greater "someone more important" MAT 12 41 zb6a figs-123person 0 someone Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 41 a5p8 figs-explicit 0 than Jonah is here You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Jesus' statement. Alternate translation: "than Jonah is here, yet you still have not repented, which is why God will condemn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 12 42 q8tb 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. MAT 12 42 zwv7 translate-names 0 Queen of the South This refers to the Queen of Sheba. Sheba is a land south of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 12 42 kku7 0 will rise up at the judgment "will stand up at the judgment" MAT 12 42 z46e 0 at the judgment "on judgment day" or "when God judges people." See how you translated this in [Matthew 12:41](../12/41.md). MAT 12 42 zc72 0 this generation This refers to the people living during the time Jesus was preaching. MAT 12 42 k4ls figs-metonymy 0 and condemn them See how you translated a similar statement in [Matthew 12:41](../12/41.md). Possible meanings are 1) "condemn" here represents accusing. Alternate translation: "and will accuse this generation of people" or 2) God will condemn this generation of people because they did not listen to wisdom as the Queen of the South had. Alternate translation: "and God will condemn this generation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 12 42 q8q8 figs-idiom 0 She came from the ends of the earth Here "ends of the earth" is an idiom that means "far away." Alternate translation: "She came from very far away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 12 42 t521 writing-connectingwords 0 She came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon This statement explains why the Queen of the South will condemn the people of Jesus' generation. Alternate translation: "For she came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]]) MAT 12 42 n99z 0 and see "and look." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 12 42 aj1x 0 someone greater "someone more important" MAT 12 42 uf5k figs-123person 0 someone Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 12 42 yra5 figs-explicit 0 than Solomon is here You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Jesus' statement. Alternate translation: "than Solomon is here, yet you do not listen. That is why God will condemn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 12 43 ve5x 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to rebuke the scribes and Pharisees. He begins to tell a parable. MAT 12 43 f5jr 0 waterless places "dry places" or "places where no people live" MAT 12 43 x2ur 0 does not find it Here "it" refers to rest. MAT 12 44 gey7 0 Then it says, 'I will return to my house from which I came.' This can be translated as a statement rather than a quotation. Alternate translation: "So, the unclean spirit decides to return to the house from which it came" MAT 12 44 ty9b figs-metaphor 0 to my house from which I came This is a metaphor for the person in whom the unclean spirit was living. Alternate translation: "to the place I left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 44 cd4f figs-activepassive 0 it finds that house swept out and put in order This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the unclean spirit finds that someone has swept the house clean and has put everything in the house where it belongs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 12 44 s6jf figs-metaphor 0 that house swept out and put in order Again, "house" is a metaphor for the person in whom the unclean spirit was living. Here, "swept out and put in order" suggests that no one is living in the house. Jesus means when an unclean spirit leaves a person, the person must invite the Holy Spirit to live in him or else the demon will come back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 45 nh6q 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes the parable that he began with the words "When an unclean spirit" in verse 43. MAT 12 45 bhb4 figs-parables 0 Then it goes ... with this evil generation Jesus tells a parable to warn the people of the danger of not believing him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 12 45 jw1h 0 It will be just like that with this evil generation This means that if the people of Jesus' generation do not believe him and become his disciples, they will be in a worse situation than they were before he came. MAT 12 46 qj8w 0 General Information: The arrival of Jesus' mother and brothers becomes an opportunity for him to describe his spiritual family. MAT 12 46 ahx7 0 behold The word "behold" alerts us to a new people in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 12 46 mh5f 0 his mother This is Mary, Jesus' human mother. MAT 12 46 dq8m 0 his brothers These are probably other children born to Mary, but it is is possible that the word "brothers" here refers to Jesus' cousins. MAT 12 46 z97j 0 seeking to speak "wanting to speak" MAT 12 47 qd32 figs-quotations 0 Someone said to him, "Look, your mother and your brothers stand outside, seeking to speak to you." This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Someone told Jesus that his mother and brothers were outside and wanted to speak to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 12 48 q1cd 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 12:1](../12/01.md), where Matthew tells of growing opposition to Jesus' ministry. MAT 12 48 jm1y figs-ellipsis 0 who told him The details of the message the person told Jesus are understood and not repeated here. Alternate translation: "who told Jesus that his mother and brothers wanted to speak to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 12 48 e535 figs-rquestion 0 Who is my mother and who are my brothers? Jesus uses these questions to teach the people. Alternate translation: "I will tell you who are really my mother and brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 12 49 gk62 0 See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" MAT 12 49 rxe8 figs-metaphor 0 here are my mother and my brothers This is a metaphor that means Jesus' disciples belong to Jesus' spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 12 50 e25c 0 whoever does "anyone who does" MAT 12 50 mq9r guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 12 50 gn31 figs-metaphor 0 that person is my brother, and sister, and mother This is a metaphor meaning that those who obey God belong to Jesus' spiritual family. This is more important than belonging to his physical family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 intro s3lu 0 # Matthew 13 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 13:14-15, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>This chapter begins a new section. It contains some of Jesus' parables about the kingdom of heaven.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metonymy<br><br>Jesus often says the word "heaven" when he wants his hearers to think of God, who lives in heaven ([Matthew 13:11](../../mat/13/11.md)).<br><br>##### Implicit information<br><br>Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When Matthew wrote that Jesus "sat beside the sea" ([Matthew 13:1](../../mat/13/01.md)), he probably expected his hearers to know that Jesus was about to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>##### Metaphor<br><br>Speakers often use words for things that can be touched to speak of things that cannot be touched. Jesus spoke of a bird eating a seed to describe how Satan kept people from understanding Jesus' message ([Matthew 13:19](../../mat/13/19.md)).<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Passive voice<br><br>Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. For example, "they were scorched" ([Matthew 13:6](../../mat/13/06.md)). You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br><br>##### Parables<br><br>The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. He also told the stories so that those who did not want to believe in him would not understand the truth ([Matthew 13:11-13](./11.md)).<br> MAT 13 1 r4xv 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Jesus begins to teach the crowds, using parables, about the kingdom of heaven. MAT 13 1 vx5y 0 On that day These events happened on the same day as those in the previous chapter. MAT 13 1 cy1t 0 out of the house It is not mentioned at whose house Jesus was staying. MAT 13 1 zjb3 figs-explicit 0 sat beside the sea It is implied that he sat down to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 2 d16z figs-explicit 0 so he got into a boat It is implied that Jesus got into a boat because it would make it easier to teach the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 2 jge7 translate-unknown 0 a boat This was probably an open, wooden fishing boat with a sail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 13 3 e99p 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a person who sows seeds. MAT 13 3 f5mv 0 Jesus said many things to them in parables "Jesus told them many things in parables" MAT 13 3 w5p3 0 to them "to the people in the crowd" MAT 13 3 m97r 0 Behold "Look" or "Listen." This word calls attention to what is to be said next. Alternate translation: "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" MAT 13 3 ur64 0 a farmer went out to sow seed "a farmer went out to scatter seeds in a field" MAT 13 4 c6g6 0 As he sowed "As the farmer scattered the seed" MAT 13 4 v7r8 0 beside the road This refers to a "path" next to the field. The ground there would have been hard from people walking on it. MAT 13 4 qr2d 0 devoured them "ate all the seeds" MAT 13 5 l2g6 0 rocky ground This is ground full of rocks with just a thin layer of soil on top of the rocks. MAT 13 5 ql87 0 Immediately they sprang up "The seeds quickly sprouted and grew" MAT 13 6 qq5x figs-activepassive 0 they were scorched This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sun scorched the plants, and they became too hot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 6 az8l 0 they withered away "the plants became dry and died" MAT 13 7 dnm8 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes telling a parable about a person who sows seeds. MAT 13 7 ugc9 0 fell among the thorn plants "fell where plants with thorns grew" MAT 13 7 vt8z 0 choked them "choked the new sprouts." Use your word for the way weeds prevent other plants from growing well. MAT 13 8 iwv2 0 produced a crop "grew more seeds" or "gave fruit" MAT 13 8 e91e figs-ellipsis 0 some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty The words "seeds," "produced," and "crop" are understood from the previous phrase. These can be expressed clearly. Alternate translation: "some seeds produced one hundred times as much crop, some seeds produced sixty times as much crop, and some seeds produced thirty times as much crop" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 13 8 ph2p translate-numbers 0 one hundred ... sixty ... thirty "100 ... 60 ... 30" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 13 9 q2e2 figs-metonymy 0 He who has ears, let him hear Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase "has ears" here is a metonym for the willingness to understand and obey. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Matthew 11:15](../11/15.md). Alternate translation: "Let the one who is willing to listen, listen" or "The one who is willing to understand, let him understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 9 gkv1 figs-123person 0 He who ... let him Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Matthew 11:15](../11/15.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 13 10 p8yc 0 General Information: Jesus explains to his disciples why he teaches with parables. MAT 13 11 fc5n figs-activepassive 0 You have been given the privilege of understanding mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it is not given This can be translated with the active form and with implied information expressed clearly. Alternate translation: "God has given you the privilege of understanding mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but God has not given it to these people" or "God has made you able to understand mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but he has not enabled these people to understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 11 rcd3 figs-you 0 You have been given the privilege The word "You" is plural here and refers to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 13 11 ah6u figs-metonymy 0 mysteries of the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" occurs only in the book of Matthew. If possible, try to keep it in your translation. Alternate translation: "the secrets about our God in heaven and his rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 12 j3rl 0 whoever has "whoever has understanding" or "whoever receives what I teach" MAT 13 12 v61y figs-activepassive 0 will be given more This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will give him more understanding" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 12 xsr5 0 whoever does not have "whoever does not have understanding" or "whoever does not receive what I teach" MAT 13 12 bl5s figs-activepassive 0 even what he has will be taken away from him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take away even what he has" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 13 wc3u 0 General Information: In verse 14, Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that the people's failure to understand Jesus' teaching is a fulfillment of prophecy. MAT 13 13 hm4t 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to explain to his disciples why he teaches in parables. MAT 13 13 v6pb 0 to them ... they All occurrences of "them" and "they" refer to the people in the crowd. MAT 13 13 uk7j figs-parallelism 0 Though they are seeing, they do not see; and though they are hearing, they do not hear, or understand. Jesus uses this parallelism to tell and emphasize to the disciples that the crowd refuses to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 13 13 ae8k 0 Though they are seeing Possible meanings are 1) this refers to them seeing what Jesus does. Alternate translation: "Though they see what I do" or 2) this refers to their ability to see. Alternate translation: "Though they are able to see" MAT 13 13 nbi3 figs-metaphor 0 they do not see Here "see" represents understanding. Alternate translation: "they do not understand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 13 j4bg 0 though they are hearing Possible meanings are 1) this refers to them hearing what Jesus teaches. Alternate translation: "Though they hear what I say" or 2) this refers to their ability to hear. Alternate translation: "Though they are able to hear" MAT 13 13 gq65 figs-metaphor 0 they do not hear Here "hear" represents listening well. Alternate translation: "they do not listen well" or "they do not pay attention" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 14 jz9n 0 To them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, that which says This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They are fulfilling what God said long ago through the prophet Isaiah" MAT 13 14 z2es figs-parallelism 0 While hearing you will hear, but you will in no way understand; while seeing you will see, but you will in no way perceive This begins a quote from the prophet Isaiah about the unbelieving people of Isaiah's day. Jesus uses this quote to describe the very crowd that was listening to him. These statements are again parallel and emphasize that the people refused to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 13 14 a1im figs-explicit 0 While hearing you will hear, but you will in no way understand "You will hear things, but you will not understand them." You can make explicit what the people will hear. Alternate translation: "You will hear what God says through the prophets, but you will not understand its true meaning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 14 emu1 figs-explicit 0 while seeing you will see, but you will in no way perceive You can make explicit what the people will see. Alternate translation: "you will see what God does through the prophets, but you will not understand it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 15 e8r5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes quoting the prophet Isaiah. MAT 13 15 lu8u figs-metaphor 0 For this people's heart ... I would heal them In 13:15 God describes the people of Israel as if they have physical diseases that cause them to be unable to learn, to see, and to hear. God wants them to come to him so he will heal them. This is all a metaphor describing the people's spiritual condition. It means the people are stubborn and refuse to receive and understand God's truth. If they would, then they would repent and God would forgive them and welcome them back as his people. If the meaning is clear, keep the metaphor in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 15 fy7m figs-metonymy 0 this people's heart has become dull Here "heart" refers to the mind. Alternate translation: "these people's minds are slow to learn" or "these people can no longer learn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 15 q87m figs-metonymy 0 they are hard of hearing They are not physically deaf. Here "hard of hearing" means they refuse to listen and learn God's truth. Alternate translation: "they refuse to use their ears to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 15 y7t7 figs-metonymy 0 they have closed their eyes They have not literally closed their eyes. This means they refuse to understand. Alternate translation: "they refuse to use their eyes to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 15 fl93 0 so they should not see with their eyes, or hear with their ears, or understand with their hearts, so they would turn again "so that they are not able to see with their eyes, hear with their ears, or understand with their heart, and as a result turn again" MAT 13 15 sr25 figs-metonymy 0 understand with their hearts The word "hearts" here is a metonym for people's innermost being. You may need to use the word in your language for the source of people's thinking and feelings. AT: "understand with their minds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 15 ps56 0 turn again "turn back to me" or "repent" MAT 13 15 q1h9 figs-metaphor 0 I would heal them "have me heal them." This means God would heal them spiritually by forgiving their sins and receiving them again as his people. Alternate translation: "have me receive them again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 16 dc9t 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes explaining to his disciples why he teaches with parables. MAT 13 16 yhe4 figs-parallelism 0 But blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear Both of these statements mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that they have pleased God because they have believed what Jesus has said and done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 13 16 glp8 figs-synecdoche 0 But blessed are your eyes, for they see Here "eyes" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "You are blessed because your eyes are able to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 13 16 rlt3 figs-you 0 your ... you All occurrences of these words are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 13 16 jp32 figs-synecdoche 0 your ears, for they hear Here "ears" refer to the whole person. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "you are blessed because your ears are able to hear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 13 17 mg58 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 13 17 bsj7 figs-you 0 you All occurrences of this word are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 13 17 e6ci figs-explicit 0 the things that you see You can make explicit what they have seen. Alternate translation: "the things you have seen me do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 17 q14w figs-explicit 0 the things that you hear You can make explicit what they have heard. Alternate translation: "the things you have heard me say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 18 w35t 0 Connecting Statement: Here Jesus begins to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds, which he began in [Matthew 13:3](../13/03.md). MAT 13 19 v2d7 0 the word of the kingdom "the message about God's rule as king" MAT 13 19 a8nu figs-metaphor 0 the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart Jesus speaks of Satan causing the person to forget what he has heard as if Satan were a bird snatching the seed from the ground. Alternate translation: "The evil one causes him to forget the message that he has heard just as a bird snatches away seed from the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 19 sb7u figs-explicit 0 the evil one This refers to Satan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 19 pt4d 0 snatches away Try to use a word that means to grab something away from someone who is the rightful owner. MAT 13 19 r9u6 figs-activepassive 0 what has been sown in his heart This can be translated in active form: Alternate translation: "the message that God sowed in his heart" or "the message that he heard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 19 xi8f figs-metonymy 0 in his heart Here "heart" refers to the mind of the hearer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 19 wfd3 0 This is the seed that was sown beside the road "This is the meaning of the seed that was sown beside the road" or "The road where seed was sown represents this person" MAT 13 19 xgz5 0 beside the road See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:4](../13/04.md). MAT 13 20 q3fp 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds. MAT 13 20 l5iv figs-explicit 0 What was sown on rocky ground The phrase "what was sown" refers to seed that fell. Alternate translation: "The seed that fell on rocky ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 20 w4f9 0 What was sown on rocky ground is "The rocky ground where seed was sown represents" or "The rocky ground where seed fell fell represents" MAT 13 20 e3hm 0 the person who hears the word In the parable, the seed represents the word. MAT 13 20 cl6g figs-metonymy 0 the word This represents God's message. Alternate translation: "the message" or "God's teaching" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 20 z76f figs-metaphor 0 receives it with joy Believing the word is spoken of as receiving it. Alternate translation: "joyfully believes it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 21 zg9q figs-metaphor 0 yet he has no root in himself and he endures for a while "Yet he has shallow roots and only lasts for a little while." The root represents what makes a person continue to believe God's message. Alternate translation: "But like a plant that does not grow deep roots, he only endures for a little while" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 21 lim9 figs-metaphor 0 he quickly falls away Here "falls away" means stops believing. Alternate translation: "immediately he falls away" or "he quickly stops believing the message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 22 sis7 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to explain to his disciples the parable about a person who sows seeds. MAT 13 22 d4h5 figs-explicit 0 What was sown This refers to seed that was sown or that fell. Alternate translation: "The seed that was sown" or "The seed that fell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 22 rcj8 0 What was sown among the thorn plants "The ground with the thorn plants where seed was sown" MAT 13 22 anm5 0 this is the person "this represents the person" MAT 13 22 a3u1 0 the word "the message" or "God's teaching" MAT 13 22 q2nh figs-metaphor 0 the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word Jesus speaks about the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches distracting a person from obeying God's word as if they were weeds that could wind around a plant and keep it from growing. Alternate translation: "as weeds prevent good plants from growing, the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches keep this person from listening to God's word" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 22 xa8r 0 cares of the world "the things in this world that people worry about" MAT 13 22 wwf5 figs-personification 0 the deceitfulness of riches Jesus describes "riches" as if it were a person who could deceive someone. This means people think having more money will make them happy, but it will not. Alternate translation: "the love of money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) MAT 13 22 gn6z figs-metaphor 0 he becomes unfruitful The person is spoken of as if he were a plant. Being unfruitful represents being unproductive. Alternate translation: "he becomes unproductive" or "he does not do what God wants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 23 xw4b 0 What was sown on the good soil "The good soil where seeds were sown" MAT 13 23 ptb8 figs-metaphor 0 He bears fruit and makes a crop The person is spoken of as if he were a plant. Alternate translation: "Like a healthy plant that bears a crop of fruit, he is productive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 23 wm3p figs-ellipsis 0 yielding one hundred times as much as was planted, some sixty, and some thirty times as much The phrase "as much as was planted" is understood following each of these numbers. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:8](../13/08.md). Alternate translation: "Some people produce 100 times as much as was planted, some produce 60 times as much, and some produce 30 times as much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 13 24 l5yx figs-parables 0 Here Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 13 24 k8pu figs-simile 0 The kingdom of heaven is like a man The translation should not equate the kingdom of heaven to a man, but rather the kingdom of heaven is like the situation described in the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 13 24 f8j5 figs-metonymy 0 The kingdom of heaven is like Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "When our God in heaven shows himself to be king, it will be like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 24 u21k figs-explicit 0 good seed "good food seeds" or "good grain seeds." The audience probably thought that Jesus was talking about wheat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 25 zn8v 0 his enemy came "his enemy came to the field" MAT 13 25 q4tv 0 weeds These weeds look like food plants when they are young, but their grain is poison. Alternate translation: "bad seed" or "weed seeds" MAT 13 26 lea1 0 When the blades sprouted "When the wheat seeds sprouted" or "When the plants came up" MAT 13 26 jgv9 0 produced their crop "produced grain" or "produced the wheat crop" MAT 13 26 tu4q 0 then the weeds appeared also "then people could see there were weeds in the field also" MAT 13 27 hz3q 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to tell a parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in it. MAT 13 27 h51x 0 the landowner This is the same person who sowed good seed in his field. MAT 13 27 gr7d figs-rquestion 0 did you not sow good seed in your field? The servants used a question to emphasize their surprise. Alternate translation: "you sowed good seed in your field!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 13 27 fb86 figs-metonymy 0 did you not sow The landowner probably had his servants plant the seeds. Alternate translation: "did we not sow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 28 r83z 0 He said to them "The landowner said to the servants" MAT 13 28 num8 0 So do you want us The word "us" refers to the servants. MAT 13 29 shs3 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus concludes the parable about a field with both wheat and weeds growing in it. MAT 13 29 c9jc 0 The landowner said "The landowner said to his servants" MAT 13 30 z36a figs-quotations 0 I will say to the reapers, "First pull out the weeds and tie them in bundles to burn them, but gather the wheat into my barn." You can translate this as an indirect quote (AT): "I will tell the reapers to first gather up the weeds and tie them in bundles to burn them, and then gather the wheat into my barn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 13 30 ll14 0 barn a farm building that can be used for storing grain MAT 13 31 tdf4 figs-parables 0 Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a very small seed that grows into a very big plant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 13 31 jw7u figs-metonymy 0 The kingdom of heaven is like Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: "When our God in heaven shows himself to be king, it will be like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 31 qby8 translate-unknown 0 mustard seed a very small seed that grows into a large plant (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 13 32 gyi1 figs-explicit 0 This seed is indeed the smallest of all seeds Mustard seeds were the smallest seeds known to the original hearers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 32 x65d 0 But when it has grown "But when the plant has grown" MAT 13 32 um9k 0 it is greater than "it is larger than" MAT 13 32 g6v8 0 becomes a tree A mustard plant can grow about 2 to 4 meters tall. MAT 13 32 c9te 0 birds of the air "birds" MAT 13 33 a1th figs-parables 0 Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about the effect that yeast has on flour. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 13 33 z94k figs-simile 0 The kingdom of heaven is like yeast The kingdom is not like the yeast, but the spread of the kingdom is like the spreading of the yeast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 13 33 w8sb figs-metonymy 0 The kingdom of heaven is like Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: "When our God in heaven shows himself to be king, it will be like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 33 r88g translate-bvolume 0 three measures of flour Say "a large amount of flour" or use a term that your culture uses for measuring large amounts of flour. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]]) MAT 13 33 c35r figs-explicit 0 until all the dough had risen The implied information is that the yeast and the three measures of flour were made into dough for baking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 34 f9gl 0 General Information: Here the author quotes from the Psalms to show that Jesus' teaching in parables fulfilled prophecy. MAT 13 34 nt7u figs-parallelism 0 All these things Jesus said to the crowds in parables; and he said nothing to them without a parable Both sentences mean the same thing. They are combined to emphasize that Jesus taught the crowds only with parables. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 13 34 n54e 0 All these things This refers to what Jesus taught beginning at [Matthew 13:1](../13/01.md). MAT 13 34 a5c7 figs-doublenegatives 0 he said nothing to them without a parable "he taught them nothing except by parables." The double negative can be expressed in a positive way. Alternate translation: "everything he taught them he said in parables" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 13 35 ybq5 figs-activepassive 0 what had been said through the prophet might come true, when he said This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God told one of the prophets to write long ago might come true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 35 p3tb 0 when he said "when the prophet said" MAT 13 35 n1pa figs-idiom 0 I will open my mouth This is an idiom that means to speak. Alternate translation: "I will speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 13 35 yx6y figs-activepassive 0 things that were hidden This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "things that God has kept hidden" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 35 th8t 0 from the foundation of the world "since the beginning of the world" or "since God created the world" MAT 13 36 pq2h 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to the house where Jesus and his disciples were staying. Jesus begins to explain to them the parable of the field that had both wheat and weeds, which he told beginning in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). MAT 13 36 x5w7 0 went into the house "went indoors" or "went into the house where he was staying" MAT 13 37 aj8f 0 He who sows the good seed "The one who sows the good seed" or "The sower of the good seed" MAT 13 37 xj4s figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 13 38 h9iz figs-idiom 0 the sons of the kingdom The idiom "sons of" refers to those who belong to or to have the same character as someone or something. Alternate translation: "the people who belong to the kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 13 38 eni3 figs-metonymy 0 of the kingdom Here "kingdom" refers to God the king. Alternate translation: "of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 38 edu7 figs-idiom 0 the sons of the evil one The idiom "sons of" refers those who belong to or to have the same character as someone or something. Alternate translation: "the people who belong to the evil one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 13 39 sgx2 0 the enemy who sowed them "the enemy who sowed the weeds" MAT 13 40 ei3v 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes explaining to his disciples the parable of the field with both wheat and weeds. MAT 13 40 rn64 figs-activepassive 0 Therefore, as the weeds are gathered up and burned with fire This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Therefore, as people gather up weeds and burn them in the fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 41 fiy4 figs-123person 0 The Son of Man will send out his angels Here Jesus is speaking of himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, will send out my angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 13 41 ptw9 0 those who commit iniquity "those who are lawless" or "evil people" MAT 13 42 d9md figs-metaphor 0 furnace of fire This is a metaphor for the fires of hell. If the term "furnace" is not known, "oven" can be used. Alternate translation: "fiery furnace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 42 zu3j translate-symaction 0 weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and showing that they are suffering very much" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 13 43 u6sm figs-simile 0 shine like the sun If this simile is not understandable in your language, you can use: "be as easy to see as the sun." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 13 43 sea2 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 13 43 zxh2 figs-metonymy 0 He who has ears, let him hear Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase "has ears" here is a metonym for the willingness to understand and obey. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Matthew 11:15](../11/15.md). Alternate translation: "Let the one who is willing to listen, listen" or "The one who is willing to understand, let him understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 43 sak5 figs-123person 0 He who ... let him Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this in [Matthew 11:15](../11/15.md). Alternate translation: "If you are willing to listen, listen" or "If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 13 44 n7nz figs-simile 0 General Information: In these two parables, Jesus uses two similes to teach his disciples what the kingdom of heaven is like. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 13 44 fjm1 figs-parables 0 Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling two parables about people who sold their possessions to purchase something of great value. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 13 44 e9cv figs-metonymy 0 The kingdom of heaven is like Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: "When our God in heaven shows himself to be king, it will be like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 44 u9jq figs-activepassive 0 like a treasure hidden in a field This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "a treasure that someone had hidden in a field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 44 k9rh 0 treasure a very valuable and precious thing or collection of things MAT 13 44 hu7f 0 hid it "covered it up" MAT 13 44 jtv2 figs-explicit 0 sells everything he possesses, and buys that field The implied information is that the person buys the field to take possession of the hidden treasure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 45 c633 figs-simile 0 like a man who is a merchant looking for valuable pearls The implied information is that the man was looking for valuable pearls that he could buy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 45 khy6 0 a merchant a trader or wholesale dealer who often obtains merchandise from distant places MAT 13 45 b88q translate-unknown 0 valuable pearls A "pearl" is a smooth, hard, shiny, white or light-colored bead formed inside mollusks in the sea and highly prized as a gem or to make into valuable jewelry. Alternate translation: "fine pearls" or "beautiful pearls" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 13 47 vw24 figs-parables 0 Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about fishermen who use a large net to catch fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 13 47 g79n figs-simile 0 the kingdom of heaven is like a net The kingdom is not like the net, but the kingdom draws all kinds of people like a net catches all kinds of fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 13 47 rjm4 figs-metonymy 0 the kingdom of heaven is like Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: "When our God in heaven shows himself to be king, it will be like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 47 vrp4 figs-activepassive 0 like a net that was cast into the sea This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "like a net that some fishermen cast into the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 47 kbz2 0 was cast into the sea "was thrown into the sea" MAT 13 47 t9v6 0 gathered creatures of every kind "caught all kinds of fish" MAT 13 48 kf47 0 drew it up on the beach "pulled the net up onto the beach" or "pulled the net ashore" MAT 13 48 cnp7 0 the good things "the good ones" MAT 13 48 qi2z 0 the worthless things "the bad fish" or "the inedible fish" MAT 13 48 aqu2 0 threw away "did not keep" MAT 13 49 nql6 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus explains the parable about fishermen who use a large net to catch fish. MAT 13 49 q1ms 0 will come "will come out" or "will go out" or "will come from heaven" MAT 13 49 ah2k figs-nominaladj 0 the wicked from among the righteous These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "the wicked people from the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 13 50 hwv1 0 They will throw them "The angels will throw the wicked people" MAT 13 50 j8nf figs-metaphor 0 furnace of fire This is a metaphor for the fires of hell. If the term "furnace" is not known, "oven" can be used. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:42](../13/42.md). Alternate translation: "fiery furnace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 13 50 mc8t translate-symaction 0 weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: weeping and expressing their extreme suffering." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 13 51 d3wg 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by telling a parable about a person who manages a household. This is the end of the part of the story about Jesus teaching the crowds about the kingdom of heaven through using parables. MAT 13 51 p5ej figs-quotations 0 Have you understood all these things?" The disciples said to him, "Yes." If necessary, both direct quotations can be translated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "Jesus asked them if they had understood all this, and they said that they did understand." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 13 52 g4dd figs-metonymy 0 has become a disciple to the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "has learned the truth about our God in heaven, who is king" or "has submitted himself to God's rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 13 52 gr36 figs-parables 0 is like a man who is the owner of a house, who draws out old and new things from his treasure Jesus speaks another parable. He compares scribes, who know very well the scriptures that Moses and the prophets wrote, and who also now accept Jesus' teachings, to a house owner who uses both old and new treasures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 13 52 g59c 0 treasure A treasure is a very valuable and precious thing or a collection of things. Here it may refer to the place where these things are stored, the "treasury" or "storeroom." MAT 13 53 jwv2 0 Then it came about that when This phrase shifts the story from Jesus' teachings to what happened next. Alternate translation: "Then" or "After" MAT 13 54 qnh9 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through [Matthew 17:27](../17/27.md), where Matthew tells of continued opposition to Jesus' ministry and teaching about the kingdom of heaven. Here, the people of Jesus' home town reject him. MAT 13 54 q3ml figs-explicit 0 his own region "his hometown." This refers to the town of Nazareth, where Jesus grew up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 13 54 j6vb 0 in their synagogue The pronoun "their" is referring to the people of the region. MAT 13 54 it1f 0 they were astonished "they were amazed" MAT 13 54 b3d2 figs-explicit 0 Where does this man get his wisdom and these miracles from? The people believed that Jesus was just an ordinary man. They use this question to express their amazement that he was so wise and was able to do miracles. Alternate translation: "How can an ordinary man like this be so wise and do such great miracles?" or "It is strange that he is able to speak with such wisdom and do these miracles!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 13 55 rk5e figs-rquestion 0 Is not this man the carpenter's son? Is not his mother called Mary? Are not his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas? The crowd uses these questions to express their belief that they know who Jesus is and that he is just an ordinary man. Alternate translation: "He is just the son of a carpenter. We know his mother Mary, and his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 13 55 rpj9 0 the carpenter's son A carpenter is someone who makes things with wood or stone. If "carpenter" is not known, "builder" can be used. MAT 13 56 m9pn figs-rquestion 0 Are not all his sisters with us? The crowd uses these questions to express their belief that they know who Jesus is and that he is just an ordinary man. Alternate translation: "And all his sisters are with us, too." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 13 56 bnv1 figs-rquestion 0 Where did he get all these things? The crowd uses this question to show their understanding that Jesus must have gotten his abilities from somewhere. They were probably expressing their doubt that he got his abilities from God. Alternate translation: "He must have gotten his ability to do these things from somewhere!" or "We do not know where he got these abilities!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 13 56 pqf1 0 all these things This refers to Jesus' wisdom and ability to do miracles. MAT 13 57 f5md figs-activepassive 0 They were offended by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The people of Jesus' hometown took offense at him" or "The people rejected Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 13 57 azn4 figs-doublenegatives 0 A prophet is not without honor This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "A prophet receives honor everywhere" or "People everywhere honor a prophet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 13 57 sq8j 0 his own country "his own region" or "his own hometown" MAT 13 57 w4x8 0 in his own family "in his own home" MAT 13 58 e2cp 0 He did not do many miracles there "Jesus did not do many miracles in his own hometown" MAT 14 intro g5mc 0 # Matthew 14 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Verses 1 and 2 continue the account from chapter 13. Verses 3-12 stop the account and speak of things that happened earlier, possibly soon after Satan tempted Jesus (see [Matthew 4:12](../../mat/04/12.md)). Verse 13 continues the account from verse 2. Be sure to have words in verses 3-12 that tell the reader that Matthew has stopped his account to give new information before he continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])<br><br>#### Possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Passive voice<br><br>Many sentences in this chapter tell that a person had something happen to him without saying who caused that something to happen. For example, the writer does not tell who brought John's head to Herodias's daughter ([Matthew 14:11](../../mat/14/11.md)). You may have to translate the sentence so that it tells the reader who performed the action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br> MAT 14 1 zl7x figs-events 0 General Information: These verses explain Herod's reaction when he heard about Jesus. This event happens some time after the events that follow in the narrative. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) MAT 14 1 q8h5 0 About that time "In those days" or "While Jesus was ministering in Galilee" MAT 14 1 l9ur 0 heard the news about Jesus "heard reports about Jesus" or "heard about the fame of Jesus" MAT 14 2 pd1b 0 He said "Herod said" MAT 14 2 nx7x 0 has risen from the dead The words "from the dead" speak of all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from the dead speaks of coming alive again. MAT 14 2 vve7 0 Therefore these powers are at work in him Some Jews at that time believed if a person came back from the dead he would have powers to do mighty things. MAT 14 3 y57m 0 General Information: Matthew recounts the story of John the Baptist's death in order to show why Herod reacted the way he did when he heard about Jesus. MAT 14 3 zgp9 figs-events 0 Here the author begins to tell about how Herod had executed John the Baptist. These events occur some time before the event in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) MAT 14 3 h466 figs-metonymy 0 Herod had arrested John, bound him, and put him in prison It says that Herod did these things because he ordered others to do them for him. Alternate translation: "Herod ordered his soldiers to arrest and bind John the Baptist and put him in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 14 3 lr92 translate-names 0 Philip's wife Philip was Herod's brother. Herod had taken Philip's wife to be his own wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 14 4 d3gp figs-events 0 For John ... as your wife If needed, you can present the events of 14:3-4 in the order that they happened, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) MAT 14 4 n1t6 figs-quotations 0 For John had said to him, "It is not lawful for you to have her as your wife." This can be expressed as an indirect quote, if needed. Alternate translation: "For John had said to Herod that it was not lawful for Herod to have Herodias as his wife." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 14 4 r8lh 0 For John had said to him "For John had kept saying to Herod" MAT 14 4 nb2j figs-explicit 0 It is not lawful Philip was still alive when Herod married Herodias. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 14 5 hg9f 0 he feared "Herod feared" MAT 14 5 w7uv 0 they regarded him "they regarded John" MAT 14 6 fvs5 figs-explicit 0 in the midst You can make explicit the implicit information. Alternate translation: "in the midst of the guests attending the birthday celebration" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 14 8 rhk5 figs-activepassive 0 After being instructed by her mother This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After her mother instructed her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 14 8 wi8s 0 instructed "coached" or "told" MAT 14 8 ya5z 0 she said "the daughter of Herodias said to Herod" MAT 14 8 ruy4 0 platter a very large plate MAT 14 9 s8zp figs-activepassive 0 The king was very upset by her request This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Her request made the king very upset" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 14 9 a1er 0 The king "King Herod" MAT 14 9 j6nu figs-activepassive 0 he ordered that it should be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he ordered his men to do what she said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 14 10 nes5 0 Connecting Statement: This concludes the account of how Herod executed John the Baptist. MAT 14 11 nd5r figs-activepassive 0 his head was brought on a platter and given to the girl This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone brought his head on a platter and gave it to the girl" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 14 11 pba6 0 platter a very large plate MAT 14 11 lqb6 0 girl Use the word for a young, unmarried girl. MAT 14 12 fl47 0 his disciples "the disciples of John" MAT 14 12 ni1q 0 the corpse "the dead body" MAT 14 12 mq89 figs-explicit 0 they went and told Jesus The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "the disciples of John went and told Jesus what had happened to John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 14 13 id97 writing-background 0 General Information: These verses give background information about the miracle that Jesus is about to perform by feeding five thousand people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 14 13 ql1f 0 Connecting Statement: These verses describe how Jesus reacted when he heard that Herod had executed John the Baptist. MAT 14 13 ds5w 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 14 13 dvq4 0 heard this "heard what happened to John" or "heard the news about John" MAT 14 13 ia39 figs-explicit 0 he withdrew "he left" or "he went away from the crowd." It is implied that Jesus' disciples went with him. Alternate translation: "Jesus and his disciples left" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 14 13 zlh8 0 from there "from that place" MAT 14 13 i7uu 0 When the crowds heard of it "When the crowds heard where Jesus had gone" or "When the crowds heard that he had left" MAT 14 13 u6nr 0 the crowds "the crowds of people" or "the huge group of people" or "the people" MAT 14 13 ipm9 figs-idiom 0 on foot This means that the people in the crowd were walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 14 14 d8n3 0 Then Jesus came before them and saw the large crowd "When Jesus came ashore, he saw a large crowd" MAT 14 15 gcu9 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus feeding five thousand people with only five small loaves of bread and two small fish. MAT 14 15 xa7n 0 the disciples came to him "Jesus' disciples came to him" MAT 14 16 qwk1 0 They have no need "The people in the crowd have no need" MAT 14 16 r5gd figs-you 0 You give them The word "You" is plural, referring to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 14 17 tm5t 0 They said to him "The disciples said to Jesus" MAT 14 17 ih48 0 five loaves of bread A loaf of bread is a lump of dough that is shaped and baked. MAT 14 18 szx6 0 Bring them to me "Bring the loaves and fish to me" MAT 14 19 yne5 0 Connecting Statement: This concludes the account of Jesus feeding five thousand people. MAT 14 19 vp7r 0 sit down "lie down." Use the verb for the position people in your culture usually are in when they eat. MAT 14 19 u613 figs-idiom 0 He took "He held in his hands." He did not steal them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 14 19 i34u 0 broke the loaves "tore the loaves" MAT 14 19 bf1a 0 loaves "loaves of bread" or "whole breads" MAT 14 19 t7ei 0 Looking up Possible meanings are 1) "While looking up" or 2) "After looking up." MAT 14 20 l2h8 figs-activepassive 0 and were filled This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "until they were full" or "until they were no longer hungry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 14 20 p73g 0 they took up "the disciples gathered up" or "some people gathered up" MAT 14 20 czj4 translate-numbers 0 twelve baskets full "12 baskets full" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 14 21 wv59 0 Those who ate "Those who ate the bread and the fish" MAT 14 21 als7 translate-numbers 0 five thousand men "5,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 14 22 yp8l 0 General Information: These verses give background information about the miracle that Jesus is about to perform of walking on water. MAT 14 22 eaa8 0 Connecting Statement: The following verses describe events that happened right after Jesus fed the five thousand people. MAT 14 22 wt1t 0 Immediately he "As soon as Jesus had finished feeding all the people, he" MAT 14 23 d27u 0 When evening came "Late in the evening" or "When it became dark" MAT 14 24 vzd1 0 being tossed about by the waves "and the disciples could not control the boat because of the large waves" MAT 14 25 pmw8 0 In the fourth watch of the night The fourth watch is between 3 a.m. and sunrise. Alternate translation: "Just before dawn" MAT 14 25 t1vp 0 walking on the sea "walking on top of the water" MAT 14 26 q9qs 0 they were terrified "they were very afraid" MAT 14 26 h7df 0 ghost a spirit that has left the body of a person who has died MAT 14 28 w2pl 0 Peter answered him "Peter answered Jesus" MAT 14 30 sk3j figs-idiom 0 when Peter saw the wind Here "saw the wind" means he became aware of the wind. Alternate translation: "when Peter saw that the wind was tossing the waves back and forth" or "when he realized how strong the wind was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 14 31 bd2v 0 You of little faith, why "You who have such little faith." Jesus addressed Peter this way because Peter became afraid. It can also be translated as an exclamation. Alternate translation: "You have so little faith! Why" MAT 14 31 cr9i figs-rquestion 0 why did you doubt? Jesus uses a question to tell Peter than he should not have doubted. You can make explicit what Peter should not have doubted. Alternate translation: "you should not have doubted that I could keep you from sinking." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 14 33 u8pu guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 14 34 r5lm 0 Connecting Statement: These verses describe what happened after Jesus walked on the water. They summarize how the people were responding to Jesus' ministry. MAT 14 34 cv3f 0 When they had crossed over "When Jesus and his disciples had crossed over the lake" MAT 14 34 x9nu translate-names 0 Gennesaret This is a small town on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 14 35 xd7c 0 they sent messages "the men of that area sent messages" MAT 14 36 ql3y 0 They begged him "The sick people begged him" MAT 14 36 x8jv 0 his garment "his robe" or "what he was wearing" MAT 14 36 mw8n figs-activepassive 0 were healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "became well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 intro i9a5 0 # Matthew 15 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 15:8-9, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The "traditions of the elders"<br><br>The "traditions of the elders" were oral laws that the Jewish religious leaders developed because they wanted to make sure that everyone obeyed the law of Moses. However, they often worked harder to obey these rules than to obey the law of Moses itself. Jesus rebuked the religious leaders for this, and they became angry as a result. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>##### Jews and Gentiles<br><br>The Jews of Jesus' time thought that only Jews could please God by the way they lived. Jesus healed a Canaanite Gentile woman's daughter to show his followers that he would accept both Jews and Gentiles as his people.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Sheep<br><br>The Bible often speaks of people as if they were sheep because sheep need someone to take care of them. This is because they do not see well and they often go to where other animals can kill them easily. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br> MAT 15 1 q6af writing-newevent 0 General Information: The scene shifts to events that occurred some time after events of the previous chapter. Here Jesus responds to the criticisms of the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) MAT 15 2 j1b8 figs-rquestion 0 Why do your disciples violate the traditions of the elders? The Pharisees and scribes use this question to criticize Jesus and his disciples. Alternate translation: "Your disciples do not respect the rules that our ancestors have given us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 15 2 yn6l 0 traditions of the elders This is not the same as the law of Moses. This refers to later teachings and interpretations of the law given by religious leaders after Moses. MAT 15 2 gfn6 figs-explicit 0 they do not wash their hands This washing is not only to clean hands. This refers to a ceremonial washing according to the tradition of the elders. Alternate translation: "they do not wash their hands properly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 15 3 ia1e figs-rquestion 0 Then why do you violate the commandment of God for the sake of your traditions? Jesus answers with a question to criticize what the religious leaders do. Alternate translation: "And I see that you refuse to obey God's commands just so that you can follow what your ancestors taught you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 15 4 srz6 0 General Information: In verse 4, Jesus quotes twice from Exodus to show how God expects people to treat their parents. MAT 15 4 cz1q 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees. MAT 15 4 qmm7 0 will surely die "the people will surely execute him" MAT 15 5 ql75 figs-you 0 But you say Here "you" is plural and refers to the Pharisees and scribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 15 6 b81c 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to rebuke the Pharisees. MAT 15 6 vr6y figs-quotesinquotes 0 that person does not need to honor his father The words beginning with "But you say" (verse 5) have a quotation within a quotation. If necessary you can translate them as indirect quotations. "But you teach that a person does not need to honor his parents by giving them something that may help them if the person tells his parents that he has already given it as a gift to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 15 6 q3kt figs-explicit 0 does not need to honor his father It is implied that "his father" means "his parents." This means the religious leaders taught that a person does not need to show respect to his parents by taking care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 15 6 znt9 0 you have made void the word of God Here "word of God" refers specifically to his commands. AT: "you have treated the word of God as if it were invalid" or "you have ignored God's commands" MAT 15 6 yq5a 0 for the sake of your traditions "because you want to follow your traditions" MAT 15 7 t4fq 0 General Information: In verses 8 and 9, Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to rebuke the Pharisees and scribes. MAT 15 7 tn3b 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus concludes his response to the Pharisees and scribes. MAT 15 7 wv77 0 Well did Isaiah prophesy about you "Isaiah told the truth in this prophecy about you" MAT 15 7 n4ti figs-explicit 0 when he said It is implied that Isaiah is speaking what God told him. Alternate translation: "when he told what God said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 15 8 qw69 figs-metonymy 0 This people honors me with their lips Here "lips" refers to speaking. Alternate translation: "These people say all the right things to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 15 8 bz91 0 me All occurrences of this word refer to God. MAT 15 8 wuw3 figs-metonymy 0 but their heart is far from me Here "heart" refers to a person's thoughts or emotions. This phrase is a way of saying the people are not truly devoted to God. Alternate translation: "but they do not really love me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 15 9 jf93 0 They worship me in vain "Their worship means nothing to me" or "They only pretend to worship me" MAT 15 9 vvb9 0 the commandments of people "the rules that people make up" MAT 15 10 ti4w 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach the crowd and his disciples about what defiles a person and why the Pharisees and scribes were wrong to criticize him. MAT 15 11 s28y figs-metonymy 0 enters into the mouth ... comes out of the mouth Jesus is contrasting what a person eats to what a person says. Jesus means that God is concerned with what a person says rather than what a person eats. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 15 12 l2uj figs-activepassive 0 the Pharisees were offended when they heard this statement This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this statement made the Pharisees angry" or "this statement offended the Pharisees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 13 n5ij figs-metaphor 0 Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be rooted up This is a metaphor. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not actually belong to God, so God will remove them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 15 13 j49e guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my heavenly Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 15 13 hs4t figs-activepassive 0 will be rooted up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my Father will uproot" or "he will take out of the ground" or "he will remove" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 14 r167 0 Let them alone The word "them" refers to the Pharisees. MAT 15 14 ai9x figs-metaphor 0 blind guides ... both will fall into a pit Jesus uses another metaphor to describe the Pharisees. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not understand God's commands or how to please him. Therefore, they cannot teach others how to please God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 15 15 cje4 0 Connecting Statement: Peter asks Jesus to explain the parable that Jesus told in [Matthew 15:13-14](./13.md). MAT 15 15 shg6 0 to us "to us disciples" MAT 15 16 xr78 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus explains the parable that he told in [Matthew 15:13-14](./13.md). MAT 15 16 al9z figs-rquestion 0 Are you also still without understanding? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the disciples for not understanding the parable. Also, the word "you" is emphasized. Jesus cannot believe his own disciples do not understand. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you, my disciples, still do not understand what I teach!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 15 17 l5nt figs-rquestion 0 Do you not see ... into the latrine? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the disciples for not understanding the parable. Alternate translation: "Surely you understand ... into the latrine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 15 17 s833 0 passes into the stomach "goes into the stomach" MAT 15 17 s9z6 0 latrine This a polite term for the place where people bury body waste. MAT 15 18 e7mu 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to explain the parable that he told in [Matthew 15:13-14](./13.md). MAT 15 18 ca1w figs-metonymy 0 things that come out of the mouth This refers to what a person says. Alternate translation: "words that a person says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 15 18 x14k figs-metonymy 0 from the heart Here "heart" refers to a person's mind or innermost being. Alternate translation: "from inside the person" or "from a person's mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 15 19 rg59 0 murder the act of killing innocent people MAT 15 20 bme7 0 to eat with unwashed hands This refers to eating without first ceremonially washing one's hands according to the traditions of the elders. Alternate translation: "eating without first washing one's hands" MAT 15 21 e5gv 0 General Information: This begins an account of Jesus healing the daughter of a Canaanite woman. MAT 15 21 t81u figs-explicit 0 Jesus went away It is implied that the disciples went with Jesus. Alternate translation: "Jesus and his disciples went away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 15 22 x1wm 0 Behold, a Canaanite woman came The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: "There was a Canaanite woman who came" MAT 15 22 jt94 0 a Canaanite woman came out from that region "a woman who was from that region and who belonged to the group of people called Canaanites came." The country of Canaan no longer existed by this time. She was a part of a people group that lived near the cities of Tyre and Sidon. MAT 15 22 f4k2 figs-explicit 0 Have mercy on me This phrase implies that she is requesting that Jesus heal her daughter. Alternate translation: "Have mercy and heal my daughter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 15 22 xs64 0 Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "Descendant of David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the woman may have been calling Jesus by this title. MAT 15 22 j6rt figs-activepassive 0 My daughter is severely demon-possessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "A demon is controlling my daughter terribly" or "A demon is tormenting my daughter severely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 23 hd2i figs-metonymy 0 answered her not a word Here "word" refers to what a person says. Alternate translation: "said nothing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 15 24 t9ga figs-activepassive 0 I was not sent to anyone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God did not send me to anyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 24 u9t4 figs-metaphor 0 to the lost sheep of the house of Israel This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have gone away from their shepherd. See how you translated this in [Matthew 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 15 25 ch7c 0 she came "the Canaanite woman came" MAT 15 25 u3jj translate-symaction 0 bowed down before him This shows that the woman humbled herself before Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 15 26 ihz4 writing-proverbs 0 It is not right to take the children's bread and throw it to the little dogs Jesus responds to the woman with a proverb. The basic meaning is that it is not right to take what is supposed to belong to Jews and give it to non-Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 15 26 a5bc figs-synecdoche 0 the children's bread Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "the children's food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 15 26 fe7n 0 the little dogs The Jews considered dogs to be unclean animals. Here they are used as an image for non-Jews. MAT 15 27 yvw1 figs-metaphor 0 even the little dogs eat some of the crumbs that fall from their masters' tables The woman responds by using the same imagery as Jesus used in the proverb he just spoke. She means non-Jews should be able to have a small amount of the good things Jews are throwing away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 15 27 i5tt 0 little dogs Use words here for dogs of any size that people keep as pets. See how you translated this in [Matthew 15:26](../15/26.md). MAT 15 28 tea2 figs-activepassive 0 let it be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 28 n229 figs-activepassive 0 Her daughter was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus healed her daughter" or "Her daughter became well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 28 wwq3 figs-idiom 0 from that hour This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "at exactly the same time" or "immediately" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 15 29 np6e writing-background 0 General Information: These verses give background information about the miracle that Jesus is about to perform by feeding four thousand people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 15 30 c8td 0 lame, blind, mute, and crippled people "those who could not walk, those who could not see, those who could not talk, and those whose arms or legs did not function" MAT 15 30 yf7i 0 They presented them at Jesus' feet Apparently some of these sick or crippled people were unable to stand up, so when their friends brought them to Jesus, they placed them on the ground in front of him. Alternate translation: "The crowds placed the sick people on the ground in front of Jesus" MAT 15 31 pi52 figs-activepassive 0 the crippled made well This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the crippled become well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 15 31 be52 figs-nominaladj 0 the crippled ... the lame ... the blind These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "the crippled persons ... the lame persons ... the blind persons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 15 32 z28i 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus feeding four thousand people with seven loaves of bread and a few small fish. MAT 15 32 efc2 0 without eating, or they may faint on the way "without eating because they might faint on the way" MAT 15 33 uhi3 figs-rquestion 0 Where can we get enough loaves of bread in such a deserted place to satisfy so large a crowd? The disciples use a question to state that there is nowhere to get food for the crowd. Alternate translation: "There is nowhere nearby that we can get enough bread for such a large crowd." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 15 34 k86l figs-ellipsis 0 Seven, and a few small fish The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "Seven loaves of bread, and a few small fish" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 15 35 x13q 0 sit down on the ground Use your language's word for how people customarily eat when there is no table, whether sitting or lying down. MAT 15 36 x7kc 0 He took the seven loaves and the fish "Jesus held the seven loaves and the fish in his hands" MAT 15 36 dcr4 0 he broke the loaves "he tore the loaves" MAT 15 36 a9s4 0 gave them "gave the bread and the fish" MAT 15 37 fc8g 0 they gathered "the disciples gathered" or "some people gathered" MAT 15 38 udk7 0 Those who ate "The people who ate" MAT 15 38 z66m translate-numbers 0 four thousand men "4,000 men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 15 39 be43 0 the region "the area" MAT 15 39 m8dp translate-names 0 Magadan This region is sometimes called "Magdala." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 16 intro za2k 0 # Matthew 16 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Yeast<br><br>Jesus spoke of the way people thought about God as if it were bread, and he spoke of what people taught about God as if it were the yeast that makes bread dough become larger and the baked bread taste good. He did not want his followers to listen to what the Pharisees and Sadducees taught. This was because if they did listen, they would not understand who God is and how he wants his people to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphor<br><br>Jesus told his people to obey his commands. He did this by telling them to "follow" him. It is as if he were walking on a path and they were walking after him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Background information<br><br>Matthew continues his account from chapter 15 in verses 1-20. The account stops in verse 21 so Matthew can tell the reader that Jesus told his disciples again and again that people would kill him after he arrived in Jerusalem. Then the account continues in verses 22-27 with what happened the first time Jesus told the disciples that he would die.<br><br>##### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, "Whoever wants to save his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it" ([Matthew 16:25](../../mat/16/25.md)).<br> MAT 16 1 t249 0 General Information: This begins an encounter between Jesus and the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 16 1 t7p5 0 tested him Here "tested" is used in a negative sense. Alternate translation: "challenged him" or "wanted to trap him" MAT 16 2 jff6 figs-explicit 0 When it is evening The situation can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "If the sky is red in the evening" or "If the sky is red when the sun is setting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 16 2 af99 0 When it is evening "When the sun is setting" MAT 16 2 pvv6 0 fair weather This means clear, calm, and pleasant weather. MAT 16 2 ezi8 0 for the sky is red As the sun is setting, Jews knew that if the color of the sky changes to red, it is a sign the next day will be clear and calm. MAT 16 3 zcd5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues his response to the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 16 3 rfv3 figs-explicit 0 When it is morning The situation can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "If the sky is red in the morning" or "If the sky is red when the sun is rising" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 16 3 j16y 0 foul weather "cloudy, stormy weather" MAT 16 3 hek7 0 red and overcast "red and cloudy" MAT 16 3 r4em 0 You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky "You know how to look at the sky and understand what kind of weather you will have" MAT 16 3 gx5t 0 but you cannot interpret the signs of the times "but you do not know how to look at what is happening right now and understand what it means" MAT 16 4 jl3e figs-123person 0 An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign ... given to it Jesus is speaking to his present generation. Alternate translation: "You are an evil and adulterous generation who demands signs from me ... given to you" See how you translated this in [Matthew 12:39](../12/39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 16 4 fhx6 figs-metaphor 0 An evil and adulterous generation Here "adulterous" is a metaphor for people who are not faithful to God. See how you translated this in [Matthew 12:39](../12/39.md). Alternate translation: "An unfaithful generation" or "A godless generation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 4 d9eq figs-activepassive 0 no sign will be given to it Jesus would not give them a sign because, though he had already performed many miracles, they refused to believe him. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Matthew 12:39](../12/39.md). Alternate translation: "I will not give it a sign" or "God will not give you a sign" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 16 4 dep2 0 except the sign of Jonah "except the same sign God gave to Jonah the prophet." See how you translated this in [Matthew 12:39](../12/39.md). MAT 16 5 ii6j 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to a later time. Jesus uses an opportunity to warn his disciples about the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 16 5 si9k figs-ellipsis 0 the other side You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "the other side of the lake" or "the other side of the Sea of Galilee" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 16 6 hfz2 figs-metaphor 0 the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees Here "yeast" is a metaphor that refers to evil ideas and wrong teaching. Translate as "yeast" here and do not explain its meaning in your translation. This meaning will be made clear in 16:12. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 7 huw7 0 reasoned among themselves "discussed this with each other" or "thought about this" MAT 16 8 mg8s 0 You of little faith "You who have such little faith." Jesus addresses his disciples this way because their concern about not bringing bread shows they have little faith in Jesus to provide for them. See how you translated this in [Matthew 6:30](../06/30.md). MAT 16 8 zz4i figs-rquestion 0 why do you reason ... taken no bread? Jesus uses a question to rebuke his disciples for not understanding what he just said. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you think it was because you forgot to bring bread that I talked about the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 16 9 k8lk 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to warn his disciples about the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 16 9 h5bg figs-rquestion 0 Do you not yet perceive or remember ... you gathered up? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the disciples. Alternate translation: "Surely you remember ... you gathered up!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 16 9 ux51 translate-numbers 0 five thousand "5,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 16 10 b11x translate-numbers 0 four thousand "4,000" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 16 10 ejm5 figs-rquestion 0 Or the seven loaves ... you took up? "Do you also not remember the seven loaves ... you took up?" Jesus uses a question to rebuke his disciples. Alternate translation: "Surely you also remember the seven loaves ... you took up!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 16 11 f42k 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to warn his disciples about the Pharisees and Sadducees. MAT 16 11 mb2z figs-rquestion 0 How is it that you do not understand that I was not speaking to you about bread? Jesus uses this question to rebuke the disciples. Alternate translation: "You should have understood that I was not really speaking about bread." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 16 11 i7x6 figs-metaphor 0 the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees Here "yeast" represents evil ideas and wrong teaching. Translate as "yeast" and do not explain the meaning in your translation. In 16:12 the disciples will understand the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 12 f73l 0 they ... them These refer to the disciples. MAT 16 13 e5cm 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to a later time. Jesus asks his disciples if they understand who he is. MAT 16 13 pye3 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line or to introduce a new person. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 16 13 e1jh figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 16 16 n5wi guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 the Son of the living God This is an important title for Jesus that shows his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 16 16 r1h7 0 the living God Here "living" contrasts the God of Israel to all the false gods and idols that people worshiped. Only the God of Israel is alive and has power to act. MAT 16 17 le6a translate-names 0 Simon Bar Jonah "Simon son of Jonah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 16 17 dfw5 figs-synecdoche 0 flesh and blood have not revealed Here "flesh and blood" refers to a human being. Alternate translation: "a human did not reveal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 16 17 wix3 0 this to you Here "this" refers to Peter's statement that Jesus is the Christ and the Son of the Living God. MAT 16 17 v5lw figs-ellipsis 0 but my Father who is in heaven The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "but it was my Father in heaven who revealed this to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 16 17 gi3l guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 16 18 z897 0 I also say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 16 18 th3d figs-explicit 0 you are Peter The name Peter means "rock." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 16 18 x43d figs-metaphor 0 upon this rock I will build my church Here "build my church" is a metaphor for uniting the people who believe in Jesus into a community. Possible meanings are 1) "this rock" represents Peter, or 2) "this rock" represents the truth that Peter had just said in [Matthew 16:16](../16/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 18 vu9u figs-metaphor 0 The gates of Hades will not prevail against it Here "Hades" is spoken of as if it were a city surrounded by walls with gates that keep dead people in and other people out. Here "Hades" represents death, and its "gates" represent its power. Possible meanings are 1) "the powers of death will not overcome my church" or 2) "my church will break down the power of death the way an army breaks into a city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 16 19 ysk8 figs-you 0 I will give to you Here "you" is singular and refers to Peter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 16 19 pp5d figs-metaphor 0 the keys of the kingdom of heaven Keys are objects that are used to lock or unlock doors. Here they represent authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 19 kc3k figs-metonymy 0 the kingdom of heaven This refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 16 19 ef9c figs-metaphor 0 Whatever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven Here "bind" is a metaphor meaning to forbid something, and "loose" is a metaphor meaning to allow something. Also, "in heaven" is a metonym that represents God himself. Alternate translation: "God in heaven will approve whatever you forbid or allow on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 16 21 wl33 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus tells his disciples for the first time that he will die soon. MAT 16 21 xql7 figs-metonymy 0 suffer many things at the hand of the elders and chief priests and scribes Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate translation: "where the elders, chief priests, and scribes will cause him to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 16 21 es1l figs-activepassive 0 scribes, be killed, and be raised back to life on the third day Here to raise back to life is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. The elders and chief priests would accuse Jesus so that others would kill him. Alternate translation: "scribes. People will then kill him , and on the third day God will make him become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 16 21 jjx5 translate-ordinal 0 third day "Third" is the ordinal form of "three." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 16 22 jie2 writing-background 0 Then Peter took him aside Jesus tells them for the first time that he will die soon (verse 21). He will tell them the same thing many times after this first time. It is after this first time that Peter takes Jesus aside. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 16 22 q31h 0 Peter took him aside "Peter spoke to Jesus when no one else could hear them" MAT 16 22 guz8 figs-idiom 0 May this be far from you This is an idiom that means "may this never happen." Alternate translation: "No" or "Never" or "May God forbid this" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 16 23 f28i figs-metaphor 0 Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me Jesus means that Peter is acting like Satan because Peter is trying to prevent Jesus from accomplishing what God sent him to do. Alternate translation: "Get behind me, because you are acting like Satan! You are a stumbling block to me" or "Get behind me, Satan! I call you Satan because you are a stumbling block to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 23 ax7x 0 Get behind me "Get away from me" MAT 16 24 ck1a figs-metaphor 0 follow me Following Jesus here represents being one of his disciples. Alternate translation: "be my disciple" or "be one of my disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 24 pg9h 0 must deny himself "must not give in to his own desires" or "must forsake his own desires" MAT 16 24 h7ug figs-metonymy 0 take up his cross, and follow me "carry his cross, and follow me." The cross represents suffering and death. Taking up the cross represents being willing to suffer and die. Alternate translation: "and obey me even to the point of suffering and dying" or "and he must obey me even to the point of suffering and dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 24 x13v figs-metaphor 0 and follow me Following Jesus here represents obeying him. Alternate translation: "and obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 25 pk8h 0 For whoever wants "For anyone who wants" MAT 16 25 y9kc figs-metaphor 0 will lose it This does not mean the person must necessarily die. It is a metaphor that means the person will consider obeying Jesus as being more important than his own life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 25 ie7t 0 for my sake "because he trusts me" or "on my account" or "because of me" MAT 16 25 xz98 figs-metaphor 0 will find it This metaphor means the person will experience spiritual life with God. Alternate translation: "will find true life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 16 26 eqe8 figs-rquestion 0 For what does it profit a person ... his life? Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "It does not profit a person ... his life." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 16 26 q7x1 figs-hyperbole 0 if he gains the whole world The words "the whole world" are an exaggeration for great riches. Alternate translation: "if he gains everything he desires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 16 26 b34q 0 but forfeits his life "but he loses his life" MAT 16 26 eck5 figs-rquestion 0 What can a person give in exchange for his life? Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "There is nothing that a person can give to regain his life." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 16 27 iyu1 figs-123person 0 the Son of Man ... his Father ... Then he Here Jesus refers to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of man ... my Father ... Then I" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 16 27 ie16 0 will come in the glory of his Father "will come, having the same glory as his Father" MAT 16 27 k4q4 figs-123person 0 with his angels "and the angels will be with him." If you translate the first part of the sentence with Jesus speaking in the first person, you can translate this as "and my Father's angels will be with me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 16 27 vk5y guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 his Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and the Son of Man, Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 16 27 i7rs 0 according to what he has done "according to what each person has done" MAT 16 28 ytr3 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 16 28 k2d1 figs-you 0 you All occurrences of this word are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 16 28 wq13 figs-idiom 0 will not taste death Here "taste" means to experience. Alternate translation: "will not experience death" or" will not die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 16 28 b2pb figs-metonymy 0 until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom Here "his kingdom" represents him being King. Alternate translation: "until they see the Son of Man coming as King" or "until they see the evidence that the Son of Man is King" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 17 intro yb4k 0 # Matthew 17 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Elijah<br><br>The Old Testament prophet Malachi lived many years before Jesus was born. Malachi had said that before the Messiah came a prophet named Elijah would return. Jesus explained that Malachi had been talking about John the Baptist. Jesus said this because John the Baptist had done what Malachi had said that Elijah would do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])<br><br>##### "transfigured"<br><br>Scripture often speaks of God's glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Matthew says in this chapter that Jesus' body shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God's Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]])<br> MAT 17 1 u6dw 0 General Information: This begins the account of Jesus' transfiguration. MAT 17 1 nva7 0 Peter, James, and John his brother "Peter, James, and James's brother John" MAT 17 2 xx8e 0 He was transfigured before them When they looked at him, his appearance was different from what it had been. MAT 17 2 kq4l figs-activepassive 0 He was transfigured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his appearance had changed" or "he appeared very different" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 17 2 uxg3 0 before them "in front of them" or "so they could clearly him" MAT 17 2 i1mp figs-simile 0 His face shone like the sun, and his garments became as brilliant as the light These are similes that emphasize how bright Jesus' appearance became. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 17 2 te1s 0 his garments "what he was wearing" MAT 17 3 axr5 0 Behold This word alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. MAT 17 3 n63y 0 to them This refers to Peter, James, and John. MAT 17 3 sde3 0 with him "with Jesus" MAT 17 4 r41c 0 answered and said "said." Peter is not responding to a question. MAT 17 4 d231 figs-exclusive 0 it is good for us to be here It is not clear whether "us" refers only to Peter, James, and John, or if it refers to everyone there, including Jesus, Elijah, and Moses. If you can translate so that both options are possible, do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) MAT 17 5 cek4 0 behold This alerts the reader to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. MAT 17 5 an8j 0 overshadowed them "came over them" MAT 17 5 kc8t figs-metonymy 0 there was a voice out of the cloud Here "voice" refers to God speaking. Alternate translation: "God spoke to them from out of the cloud" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 17 6 wd76 0 the disciples heard it "the disciples heard God speak" MAT 17 6 a87e figs-idiom 0 they fell on their face Here "fell on their face" here is an idiom. Alternate translation: "they fell forward, with their faces to the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 17 9 w4w9 0 Connecting Statement: The following events happen immediately after the three disciples witness Jesus' transfiguration. MAT 17 9 jz51 0 As they "As Jesus and the disciples" MAT 17 9 y9rq figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 17 10 nwt5 figs-explicit 0 Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first? The disciples are referring to the belief that Elijah will come back to life and return to the people of Israel before the Messiah comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 17 11 xbs2 0 restore all things "put things in order" or "get the people ready to receive the Messiah" MAT 17 12 whp9 0 But I tell you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 17 12 a4h7 0 they ... their All occurrences of these words may mean either 1) the Jewish leaders or 2) all the Jewish people. MAT 17 12 tyw4 figs-metonymy 0 the Son of Man will also suffer at their hands Here "hands" refers to power. Alternate translation: "they will make the Son of Man suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 17 12 i74i figs-123person 0 Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 17 14 t687 0 Connecting Statement: This begins an account of Jesus healing a boy who had an evil spirit. These events happen immediately after Jesus and his disciples descend from the mountain. MAT 17 15 ufb4 figs-explicit 0 have mercy on my son It is implied that the man wants Jesus to heal his son. Alternate translation: "have mercy on my son and heal him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 17 15 hs55 0 is epileptic This means that he sometimes had seizures. He would become unconscious and move uncontrollably. Alternate translation: "has seizures" MAT 17 17 lyu5 0 Unbelieving and corrupt generation, how "This generation does not believe in God and does not know what is right or wrong. How" MAT 17 17 su3r figs-rquestion 0 how long will I have to stay with you? How long must I bear with you? These questions show Jesus is unhappy with the people. Alternate translation: "I am tired of being with you! I am tired of your unbelief and corruption!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 17 18 i8kd figs-activepassive 0 the boy was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the boy became well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 17 18 h2gc figs-idiom 0 from that hour This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "immediately" or "at that moment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 17 19 pz9f figs-exclusive 0 we Here "we" refers to the speakers but not the hearers and so is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) MAT 17 19 r9j7 0 Why could we not cast it out? "Why could we not make the demon come out of the boy?" MAT 17 20 u5ll 0 For I truly say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 17 20 uy78 figs-simile 0 if you have faith even as small as a grain of mustard seed Jesus compares the size of a mustard seed to the amount of faith needed to do a miracle. A mustard seed is very small, but it grows into a large plant. Jesus means it only takes a small amount of faith to do a great miracle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 17 20 x48i figs-litotes 0 nothing will be impossible for you This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "you will be able to do anything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) MAT 17 22 r2cu 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts momentarily, and Jesus foretells his death and resurrection a second time. MAT 17 22 n2xs 0 they stayed "Jesus and his disciples stayed" MAT 17 22 ff8x figs-activepassive 0 The Son of Man will be delivered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Someone will deliver the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 17 22 mmk2 figs-metonymy 0 delivered into the hands of people The word "hands" here is a metonym for the power that people use hands to exercise. Alternate translation: "taken and put under the power of people" or "taken and given to people who will control him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 17 22 i5rb figs-123person 0 The Son of Man Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 17 22 jne3 figs-metonymy 0 into the hands of people Here "hands" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "to the control of the people" or "to the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 17 23 hl6j figs-123person 0 him ... he Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 17 23 b6g3 translate-ordinal 0 third day "Third" is the ordinal form of "three." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 17 23 fni4 figs-activepassive 0 he will be raised up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will raise him up" or "God will cause him to become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 17 24 jli6 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts again to a later time when Jesus teaches Peter about paying the temple tax. MAT 17 24 t8qt 0 When they "When Jesus and his disciples" MAT 17 24 b953 translate-bmoney 0 the two-drachma tax This was a tax that Jewish men paid to support the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "the temple tax" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 17 25 y26n 0 the house "the place where Jesus was staying" MAT 17 25 yp5h figs-rquestion 0 "What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect tolls or taxes? From their sons or from others?" Jesus asks these questions to teach Simon, not to gain information for himself. Alternate translation: "Listen, Simon. We know that when kings collect taxes, they collect it from people who are not members of their own family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 17 26 fb1c 0 General Information: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 13:54](../13/54.md), where Matthew tells of continued opposition to Jesus' ministry and teaching about the kingdom of heaven. MAT 17 26 j3g4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach Peter about paying the temple tax. MAT 17 26 w75w figs-quotations 0 When he said, "From others," Jesus said If you translated Jesus' questions as statements in [Matthew 17:25](../17/25.md), you may need to give an alternate response here. You could also state it as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "When Peter said, 'Yes, that is true. Kings collect taxes from foreigners,' Jesus said" or "After Peter agreed with Jesus, Jesus said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 17 26 uh6y 0 From others In modern times, leaders usually tax their own citizens. But, in ancient times, the leaders often taxed the people they had conquered rather than their own citizens. MAT 17 26 u6xx 0 sons people over whom a ruler or king rules MAT 17 27 mwa6 0 But so that we do not cause the tax collectors to sin, go "But we do not want to make the tax collectors angry. So, go." MAT 17 27 uhk5 figs-explicit 0 throw in a hook Fishermen tied hooks to the end of a line, then threw it in the water to catch fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 17 27 ebj4 0 its mouth "the fish's mouth" MAT 17 27 t9t8 translate-bmoney 0 a shekel a silver coin worth four days' wages (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 17 27 ej3l 0 Take it "Take the shekel" MAT 17 27 km3v figs-you 0 for me and you Here "you" is singular and refers to Peter. Each man had to pay a half shekel tax. So one shekel would be enough for Jesus and Peter to pay their taxes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 intro m4y6 0 # Matthew 18 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### What should Jesus' followers do when other followers sin against them?<br><br>Jesus taught that his followers must treat each other well and not be angry with each other. They should forgive anyone who is sorry for his sin, even if he has committed the same sin before. If he is not sorry for his sin, Jesus' followers should speak with him alone or in a small group. If he is still not sorry after that, then Jesus' followers can treat him as guilty. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br> MAT 18 1 f7zv 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through [Matthew 18:35](../18/35.md), where Jesus teaches about life in the kingdom of heaven. Here, Jesus uses a little child to teach the disciples. MAT 18 1 iri5 0 Who is greatest "Who is the most important" or "Who among us will be the most important" MAT 18 1 pp31 figs-metonymy 0 in the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "in God's kingdom" or "when our God in heaven establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 3 qb44 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 18 3 fs1e figs-doublenegatives 0 unless you turn ... children, you will in no way enter This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you must change ... children in order to enter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 18 3 ewj5 figs-simile 0 become like little children Jesus uses a simile to teach the disciples that they should not be concerned with who is most important. They should be concerned with becoming humble like a child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 18 3 ch9p figs-metonymy 0 enter the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "enter God's kingdom" or "belong to our God in heaven when he establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 4 ta7z figs-simile 0 Jesus continues teaching the disciples that they need to be humble like a child if they want to be important in God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 18 4 f9t5 0 is the greatest "is the most important" or "will be the most important" MAT 18 4 gf8l figs-metonymy 0 in the kingdom of heaven The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is used only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "in God's kingdom" or "when our God in heaven establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 5 dz1i figs-metonymy 0 in my name Here "my name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because he is my disciple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 5 ik3r 0 Whoever ... in my name receives me Jesus means that it is the same as welcoming him. Alternate translation: "When someone ... in my name, it is like he is welcoming me" or "When someone ... in my name, it is as if he were welcoming me" MAT 18 6 ghp3 figs-activepassive 0 a great millstone should be hung about his neck, and that he should be sunk into the depths of the sea This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if someone put a great millstone around his neck and threw him into the deep sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 6 w3uz 0 millstone This is a large, heavy, circular stone used for grinding wheat grain into flour. Alternate translation: "a heavy stone" MAT 18 7 cl5i 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to use a little child to teach the disciples and warns against the terrible consequences of causing children to sin. MAT 18 7 ees6 figs-metonymy 0 to the world Here "world" refers to people. Alternate translation: "to the people of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 7 y7vh figs-metaphor 0 stumbling blocks ... those stumbling blocks come ... the person through whom those stumbling blocks come Here "stumbling" is a metaphor for sin. Alternate translation: "things that cause people to sin ... things come that cause people to sin ... any person who causes others to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 18 8 vad7 figs-hyperbole 0 If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it away from you Jesus exaggerates here to emphasize that people must do anything necessary to remove from their lives what causes them to sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 18 8 gqi3 figs-you 0 your ... you All occurrences of these words are singular. Jesus is speaking to all people in general. It may be more natural for your language to translate with a plural "you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 8 pc4d 0 into life "into eternal life" MAT 18 8 lhk9 figs-activepassive 0 than to be thrown into the eternal fire having two hands or two feet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "than to have both hands and feet when God throws you into the eternal fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 9 xad4 figs-hyperbole 0 If your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out and throw it away from you The command to destroy the eye, perhaps the most important part of the body, is probably an exaggeration for his hearers to do anything necessary to remove from their lives anything that causes them to sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 18 9 q7tw figs-metaphor 0 causes you to stumble Here "stumble" is a metaphor for sin. Alternate translation: "causes you to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 18 9 eii2 figs-you 0 your ... you All occurrences of these words are singular. Jesus is speaking to all people in general. It may be more natural for your language to translate with a plural "you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 9 m8as 0 into life "into eternal life" MAT 18 9 r1ie figs-activepassive 0 than to be thrown into the eternal fire having both eyes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "than to have both eyes when God throws you into the eternal fire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 10 qnc6 0 See that "Be careful that" or "Be sure that" MAT 18 10 e9uf 0 you do not despise any of these little ones "you do not think of these little ones as being unimportant." This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you show respect to these little ones" MAT 18 10 j4l5 0 For I say to you This add emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 18 10 xdl9 figs-explicit 0 that in heaven their angels always look on the face of my Father who is in heaven Jewish teachers taught that only the most important angels could be in God's presence. Jesus means that the most important angels speak to God about these little ones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 18 10 y6n9 figs-idiom 0 always look on the face of my Father This is an idiom that means they are in God's presence. Alternate translation: "are always close to my Father" or "are always in the presence of my Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 18 10 iq8j guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 18 12 xhq2 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to use a little child to teach the disciples and tells a parable to explain God's care for people. MAT 18 12 idl5 figs-rquestion 0 What do you think? Jesus uses this question to get people's attention. Alternate translation: "Think about how people act." or "Think about this." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 18 12 dm8u figs-you 0 you This word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 12 cv92 translate-numbers 0 a hundred ... ninety-nine "100 ... 99" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 18 12 t5h4 figs-rquestion 0 does he not leave ... astray? Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: "he will always leave ... astray." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 18 13 j5d8 figs-parables 0 If he finds it ... that did not go astray This is the end of the parable that begins with the words "If anyone" in verse 12. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 18 13 at4s figs-you 0 truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 14 kcy2 0 it is not the will of your Father in heaven that one of these little ones should perish "your Father in heaven does not want any of these little ones to die" or "your Father in heaven does not want even one of these little ones to die" MAT 18 14 usa4 figs-you 0 your This word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 14 fmm2 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 18 15 k6t7 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach his disciples about forgiveness and reconciliation. MAT 18 15 kpe2 0 your brother This refers to a fellow believer in God, not a physical brother. Alternate translation: "your fellow believer" MAT 18 15 yh3t 0 you will have gained your brother "you will have made your relationship with your brother good again" MAT 18 16 i25x figs-metonymy 0 so that by the mouth of two or three witnesses every word might be verified Here "mouth" and "word" refer to what a person says. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that two or three witnesses may verify that what you say about your brother is true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 17 g3aj 0 if he refuses to listen to them "if your fellow believer refuses to listen to the witnesses who came with you" MAT 18 17 kx28 0 to the church "to the whole community of believers" MAT 18 17 xf1a figs-explicit 0 let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector "treat him as you would treat a Gentile or tax collector." This implies that they should remove him from the community of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 18 18 u2kl 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 18 18 qzq7 figs-you 0 you All occurrences of this word are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 18 bu6i figs-metaphor 0 whatever things you bind on earth will be bound in heaven; and whatever you release on earth will be released in heaven Here "bind" is a metaphor meaning to forbid something, and "release" is a metaphor meaning to allow something. Also, "in heaven" is a metonym that represents God himself. See how you translated similar phrases in [Matthew 16:19](../16/19.md). Alternate translation: "God in heaven will approve whatever you forbid or allow on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 18 l7na 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 18 19 cal4 figs-explicit 0 if two of you It is implied that Jesus means "if at least two of you" or "if two or more of you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 18 19 c3lf 0 they ... them These refer to the "two of you." Alternate translation: "you ... you" MAT 18 19 gs8w guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 18 20 kv9z figs-explicit 0 two or three It is implied that Jesus means "two or more" or "at least two." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 18 20 s5rx 0 are gathered "meet" MAT 18 20 l7vu figs-metonymy 0 in my name Here "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because they are my disciples" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 18 21 cys4 translate-numbers 0 seven times "7 times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 18 22 b19x translate-numbers 0 seventy times seven Possible meanings are 1) "70 times 7" or 2) "77 times." If using a number would be confusing, you can translate it as "more times than you can count" or "you must always forgive him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 18 23 n44s 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus uses a parable to teach about forgiveness and reconciliation. MAT 18 23 rqp1 figs-parables 0 the kingdom of heaven is similar This introduces a parable. See how you translated a similar parable introduction in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 18 23 bp72 0 to settle accounts with his servants "his servants to pay him what they owed" MAT 18 24 d6ne figs-activepassive 0 one servant was brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone brought one of the king's servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 24 w3nr translate-bmoney 0 ten thousand talents "10,000 talents" or "more money than the servant could ever repay" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 18 25 nmz8 figs-activepassive 0 his master commanded him to be sold ... and payment to be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the king commanded his servants to sell the man ... and to pay the debt with the money from the sale" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 26 thl3 translate-symaction 0 fell down, bowed down This shows that the servant approached the king in the most humble way possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 18 26 cx5z 0 before him "before the king" MAT 18 27 j5vp 0 he was moved with compassion "he felt compassion for the servant" MAT 18 27 vn7l 0 released him "let him go" MAT 18 28 d2tb figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 18 28 a7jb translate-bmoney 0 one hundred denarii "100 denarii" or "one hundred days' wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 18 28 uy32 0 He grasped him "The first servant grasped his fellow servant" MAT 18 28 b7u9 0 grasped "took hold of" or "grabbed" MAT 18 29 i21c translate-symaction 0 fell down This shows that the fellow servant approached the first servant in the most humble way possible. See how you translated this in [Matthew 18:26](../18/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 18 29 iv8y 0 and implored him "and begged him" MAT 18 30 fn3t figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 18 30 t8wb 0 he went and threw him into prison "the first servant went and threw his fellow servant into prison" MAT 18 31 w9n2 0 his fellow servants "other servants" MAT 18 31 nx9k 0 told their master "told the king" MAT 18 32 pfc2 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable to his disciple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 18 32 txr7 0 Then that servant's master called him "Then the king called the first servant" MAT 18 32 wgs1 0 you implored me "you begged me" MAT 18 33 jw37 figs-rquestion 0 Should you not have ... you? The king uses a question to scold the first servant. Alternate translation: "You should have ... you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 18 34 l7ks 0 General Information: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 18:1](../18/01.md), where Jesus teaches about life in the kingdom of heaven. MAT 18 34 mkm7 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus concludes his parable about forgiveness and reconciliation. MAT 18 34 big9 0 His master "The king" MAT 18 34 e95u figs-explicit 0 handed him over "gave him over." Most likely the king himself did not take the first servant to the torturers. Alternate translation: "he ordered his servants to give him over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 18 34 j7s3 0 to the torturers "to those who would torture him" MAT 18 34 e14m figs-activepassive 0 that was owed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the first servant owed the king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 18 35 pm1d guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my heavenly Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 18 35 q8p9 figs-you 0 to you ... your All occurrences of these words are plural. Jesus is speaking to his disciples, but this parable teaches a general truth that applies to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 18 35 c4fw figs-metonymy 0 from your heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "from your heart" is an idiom that means "sincerely." Alternate translation: "sincerely" or "completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 19 intro ewl5 0 # Matthew 19 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Divorce<br><br>Jesus taught about divorce because the Pharisees wanted people to think Jesus' teachings about divorce were wrong ([Matthew 19:3-12](./03.md)). Jesus talked about what God had first said about marriage when he created it.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metonymy<br><br>Jesus often says the word "heaven" when he wants his hearers to think of God, who lives in heaven ([Matthew 1:12](../../mat/01/12.md)).<br> MAT 19 1 nj6t writing-background 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through [Matthew 22:46](../22/46.md), which tells of Jesus ministering in Judea. These verses provide background information of how Jesus came to be in Judea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 19 1 ap4g 0 It came about that when This phrase shifts the story from Jesus' teachings to what happened next. Alternate translation: "When" or "After" MAT 19 1 c5j9 figs-metonymy 0 had finished these words Here "words" refers to what Jesus taught starting in [Matthew 18:1](../18/01.md). Alternate translation: "had finished teaching these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 1 d83m 0 departed from "walked away from" or "left" MAT 19 3 kg12 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to teach about marriage and divorce. MAT 19 3 gl85 0 came to him "came to Jesus" MAT 19 3 s8jq 0 testing him, saying to him Here "tested" is used in a negative sense. Alternate translation: "and challenged him by asking him" or "and wanted to trap him by asking him" MAT 19 4 ncb6 figs-rquestion 0 Have you not read that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female? Jesus uses this question to remind the Pharisees of what the scripture says about men, women, and marriage. Alternate translation: "Surely you have read that in the beginning when God created people he made them male and female." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 19 5 n8zn 0 General Information: In verse 5, Jesus quotes from Genesis to show that a husband and wife should not divorce. MAT 19 5 q71w figs-explicit 0 He who made them also said, 'For this reason ... flesh.' This is part of what Jesus expected the Pharisees to have understood from the scripture. The direct quotation can be expressed as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "And surely you know that God also said that for this reason ... flesh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 19 5 phz3 0 For this reason This is a part of the quotation from Genesis story about Adam and Eve. In that context the reason a man will leave his father and mother is because God created a woman to be the man's companion. MAT 19 5 af1r 0 join to his wife "stay close to his wife" or "live with his wife" MAT 19 5 m83j figs-metaphor 0 the two will become one flesh This is a metaphor that emphasizes the unity of a husband and a wife. Alternate translation: "they will become like one person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 19 6 m4b7 figs-metaphor 0 So they are no longer two, but one flesh This is a metaphor that emphasizes the unity of a husband and a wife. Alternate translation: "So a husband and wife are no longer like two persons, but they are like one person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 19 7 jxs2 0 They said to him "The Pharisees said to Jesus" MAT 19 7 ugf4 0 command us "command us Jews" MAT 19 7 xml9 0 certificate of divorce This is a document that legally ends the marriage. MAT 19 8 zu87 figs-metaphor 0 For your hardness of heart The phrase "hardness of heart" is a metaphor that means "stubbornness." Alternate translation: "Because of your stubbornness" or "Because you are stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 19 8 ve9e figs-you 0 your hardness ... allowed you ... your wives Here "you" and "your" are plural. Jesus is speaking to the Pharisees, but Moses gave this command many years earlier to their ancestors. Moses' command applied to all Jewish men in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 19 8 mgx9 figs-metonymy 0 from the beginning Here "beginning" refers to when God first created man and woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 9 eq8z 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 19 9 yl3x figs-ellipsis 0 marries another You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "marries another woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 19 9 ps45 translate-textvariants 0 and the man who marries a woman who is divorced commits adultery Many early texts do not include these words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]]) MAT 19 11 h3a3 figs-activepassive 0 who are allowed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God allows" or "whom God enables" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 19 12 yvb8 figs-explicit 0 For there are eunuchs who were that way from their mother's womb You can make explicit the implicit information. Alternate translation: "For there are different reasons that men do not marry. For instance, there are men who were born eunuchs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 19 12 m1r9 figs-activepassive 0 there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there are men whom other men have made eunuchs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 19 12 g4bw figs-metaphor 0 eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs Possible meanings are 1) "men who have made themselves eunuchs by removing their private parts" or 2) "men who choose to remain unmarried and sexually pure." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 19 12 r78n figs-metonymy 0 for the sake of the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "so they can better serve our God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 12 hqu1 0 receive this teaching ... receive it "accept this teaching ... accept it" MAT 19 13 wjb5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus receives and blesses little children. MAT 19 13 wu52 figs-activepassive 0 some little children were brought to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some people brought little children to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 19 14 t6cm 0 Permit allow MAT 19 14 m219 0 do not forbid them to come to me "do not stop them from coming to me" MAT 19 14 l1bq figs-metonymy 0 for the kingdom of heaven belongs to such ones Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "for when our God in heaven establishes his rule on earth, he will be king over such as these" or "for God will allow such as these into his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 14 za2g figs-simile 0 belongs to such ones "belongs to those who are like children." This is a simile that means those who are humble like children will enter God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 19 16 g9us 0 Connecting Statement: Here the scene shifts to a different time when Jesus explains to a rich man what it will cost to follow him. MAT 19 16 vj7t 0 Behold The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 19 16 bw9n 0 good thing This means a thing that pleases God. MAT 19 17 sce3 figs-rquestion 0 Why do you ask me about what is good? Jesus uses this rhetorical question to encourage the man to think about his reason for asking Jesus about what is good. Alternate translation: "You ask me about what is good" or "Think about why you ask me about what is good." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 19 17 d4sh 0 Only one is good "God alone is completely good" MAT 19 17 d7fd 0 to enter into life "to receive eternal life" MAT 19 19 zv5n 0 love your neighbor The Jewish people believed that their neighbors were only other Jews. Jesus is extending that definition to include all people. MAT 19 21 m57c 0 If you wish "If you want" MAT 19 21 zic9 figs-nominaladj 0 to the poor This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "to those who are poor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 19 21 e4vs figs-metaphor 0 you will have treasure in heaven The phrase "treasure in heaven" is a metaphor that refers to a reward from God. Alternate translation: "God will reward you in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 19 23 ass2 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus explains to his disciples the rewards of giving up material possessions and relationships to follow him. MAT 19 23 r93j 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 19 23 ean2 figs-metonymy 0 to enter the kingdom of heaven Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "to accept our God in heaven as their king" or "to enter God's kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 24 c8l5 figs-hyperbole 0 it is easier ... kingdom of God Jesus uses an exaggeration to illustrate how very difficult it is for rich people to enter the kingdom of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 19 24 dip3 0 the eye of a needle the hole near one end of a needle, through which thread is passed MAT 19 25 sl38 figs-explicit 0 they were very astonished "the disciples were amazed." It is implied that they were astonished because they believed having riches was proof that God approved of someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 19 25 d389 figs-rquestion 0 Who then can be saved? The disciples use a question to emphasize their surprise. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then there is no one whom God will save!" or "Then there is no one who will receive eternal life!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 19 27 yp3h 0 we have left everything "we have left all our wealth" or "we have given up all our possessions" MAT 19 27 sp61 0 What then will we have? "What good thing will God give us?" MAT 19 28 pm6v 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 19 28 j89c figs-metonymy 0 in the new age "in the new time." This refers to when God restores all things. Alternate translation: "at the time when God makes all things new" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 28 gey2 figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 19 28 sx2j figs-metonymy 0 sits on his glorious throne Sitting on his throne represents ruling as a king. His throne being glorious represents his rule being glorious. Alternate translation: "sits as king on his glorious throne" or "rules gloriously as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 28 rx2u figs-metonymy 0 sit upon twelve thrones Here sitting on thrones refers to ruling as kings. The disciples will not be equal to Jesus who is also on a throne. They will receive authority from him. Alternate translation: "sit as kings on 12 thrones" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 28 ci3t figs-metonymy 0 the twelve tribes of Israel Here "tribes" refers to people from those tribes. Alternate translation: "the people of the 12 tribes of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 29 gq8p figs-metonymy 0 for my name's sake Here "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: "because of me" or "because he believes in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 19 29 bzt3 translate-numbers 0 receive one hundred times "receive from God 100 times as many good things as they gave up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 19 29 z8wb figs-idiom 0 inherit eternal life This is an idiom that means "God will bless them with eternal life" or "God will cause them to live forever." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 19 30 u8p3 0 But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first Here "first" and "last" refer to people's status or importance. Jesus is contrasting people's status now with their status in the kingdom of heaven. Alternate translation: "But many who seem to be important now will be the least important, and many who seem to be unimportant now will be very important" MAT 20 intro z39h 0 # Matthew 20 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The parable of the landowner and his vineyard<br><br>Jesus tells this parable ([Matthew 20:1-16](./01.md)) to teach his disciples that what God says is right is different from what people say is right.<br> MAT 20 1 k7sw 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus tells a parable about a landowner who hires workers, to illustrate how God will reward those who belong to the kingdom of heaven. MAT 20 1 q9qc figs-parables 0 For the kingdom of heaven is like This is the beginning of a parable. See how you translated the introduction to the parable in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 2 wd43 0 After he had agreed "After the landowner had agreed" MAT 20 2 iwk5 translate-bmoney 0 one denarius This was the daily wage at that time. Alternate translation: "one day's wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 20 2 w9hq 0 he sent them into his vineyard "he sent them to work in his vineyard" MAT 20 3 w9m2 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 3 s8ha 0 He went out again "The landowner went out again" MAT 20 3 bki1 translate-ordinal 0 the third hour The third hour is around nine in the morning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 20 3 xk4i 0 standing idle in the marketplace "standing in the marketplace not doing anything" or "standing in the marketplace with no work to do" MAT 20 3 q3b7 0 marketplace a large, open-air area where people buy and sell food and other items MAT 20 5 g1s7 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 5 j3zh 0 Again he went out "Again the landowner went out" MAT 20 5 pip4 translate-ordinal 0 the sixth hour and again the ninth hour The sixth hour is around noon. The ninth hour is around three in the afternoon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 20 5 y513 0 did the same This means the landowner went to the marketplace and hired workers. MAT 20 6 t8uu translate-ordinal 0 the eleventh hour This is about five in the afternoon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 20 6 up1w 0 standing idle "not doing anything" or "not having any work" MAT 20 8 hg2p figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 8 x6iv 0 beginning from the last to the first You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "beginning with the workers who started working last, then the workers who started working earlier, and finally the workers who started working first" or "first paying the workers I hired last, then paying the workers I hired earlier in the day, and finally paying the workers I hired first" MAT 20 9 p7q1 figs-activepassive 0 who had been hired This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the landowner hired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 20 10 d2bn translate-bmoney 0 one denarius This was the daily wage at that time. Alternate translation: "one day's wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 20 11 z2h5 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 11 z9sz 0 When they received "When the workers who had worked the longest received" MAT 20 11 d6sy 0 the landowner "the vineyard owner" MAT 20 12 qpz4 0 you have made them equal to us "you have paid them the same amount of money as you paid us" MAT 20 12 vy87 figs-idiom 0 we who have borne the burden of the day and the scorching heat The phrase "borne the burden of the day" is an idiom that means "worked the entire day." Alternate translation: "we who have worked the entire day, even during the hottest part" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 20 13 w17c figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 13 r9f3 0 one of them "one of the workers who had worked the longest" MAT 20 13 f5mb 0 Friend Use a word that one man would use to address another man whom he is politely rebuking. MAT 20 13 qbu1 figs-rquestion 0 Did you not agree with me for one denarius? The landowner uses a question to rebuke the workers who were complaining. Alternate translation: "We already agreed that I would give you one denarius." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 20 13 qxn3 translate-bmoney 0 one denarius This was the daily wage at that time. Alternate translation: "one day's wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 20 15 g5ii figs-parables 0 Jesus concludes his parable about a landowner who hires workers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 20 15 h3uh figs-rquestion 0 Do I not have the right to do as I want with what belongs to me? The landowner uses a question to correct the workers who were complaining. Alternate translation: "I can do what I want with my own possessions." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 20 15 dus3 figs-rquestion 0 Or are you envious because I am generous? The landowner uses a question to rebuke the workers who were complaining. Alternate translation: "Do not be jealous when I am generous to other people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 20 16 k5fe 0 So the last will be first, and the first last Here "first" and "last" refer to people's status or importance. Jesus is contrasting people's status now with their status in the kingdom of heaven. See how you translated a similar statement in [Matthew 19:30](../19/30.md). Alternate translation: "So those who seem to be unimportant now will be the most important, and those who seem to be the most important now will be the least important" MAT 20 16 bhr5 0 So the last will be first Here the parable has ended and Jesus is speaking. Alternate translation: "Then Jesus said, 'So the last will be first'" MAT 20 17 iu9d 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus foretells his death and resurrection a third time as he and his disciples travel to Jerusalem. MAT 20 17 b6ia 0 going up to Jerusalem Jerusalem was on top of a hill, so people had to travel up to get there. MAT 20 18 d3ig 0 See, we are going Jesus uses the word "See" to tell the disciples the must pay attention to what he is about to tell them. MAT 20 18 nf34 figs-inclusive 0 we are going Here "we" refers to Jesus and the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) MAT 20 18 b2f2 figs-activepassive 0 the Son of Man will be delivered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone will deliver the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 20 18 rbl4 figs-123person 0 Son of Man ... him Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If necessary, you can translate these in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 20 18 s8uh 0 They will condemn The chief priests and scribes will condemn Jesus. MAT 20 19 rjq7 0 and will deliver him to the Gentiles for them to mock The chief priests and scribes will deliver Jesus to the Gentiles, and the Gentiles will mock him. MAT 20 19 a9k5 0 to flog "to whip him" or "to beat him with whips" MAT 20 19 pn84 translate-ordinal 0 third day "Third" is the ordinal form of "three." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 20 19 c6q1 figs-123person 0 him ... him ... he Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. If necessary, you can translate these in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 20 19 kr7a figs-activepassive 0 he will be raised up The words "be raised up" are an idiom for "be made alive again." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will raise him up" or "God will make him alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 20 20 u67i 0 Connecting Statement: In response to the question that the mother of two of the disciples asks, Jesus teaches his disciples about authority and serving others in the kingdom of heaven. MAT 20 20 sx75 0 the sons of Zebedee This refers James and John. MAT 20 21 b8xs figs-metonymy 0 at your right hand ... at your left hand These refer to having positions of power, authority, and honor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 20 21 i9n6 figs-metonymy 0 in your kingdom Here "kingdom" refers to Jesus ruling as king. Alternate translation: "when you are king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 20 22 gx17 figs-you 0 You do not know Here "you" is plural and refers to the mother and the sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 20 22 i8nx figs-you 0 Are you able Here "you" is plural, but Jesus is only talking to the two sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 20 22 f9cy figs-idiom 0 drink the cup that I am about to drink To "drink the cup" or "drink from the cup" is an idiom that means to experience suffering. Alternate translation: "suffer what I am about to suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 20 22 d4rf 0 They said "The sons of Zebedee said" or "James and John said" MAT 20 23 m4d2 figs-idiom 0 My cup you will indeed drink To "drink a cup" or "drink from a cup" is an idiom that means to experience suffering. Alternate translation: "You will indeed suffer as I will suffer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 20 23 aq1v figs-metonymy 0 right hand ... left hand These refer to having positions of power, authority, and honor. See how you translated this in [Matthew 20:21](../20/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 20 23 sj51 figs-activepassive 0 it is for those for whom it has been prepared by my Father This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "my Father has prepared those places, and he will give them to whom he chooses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 20 23 x5f4 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 20 24 qxl4 0 heard this "heard what James and John had asked Jesus" MAT 20 24 la38 figs-explicit 0 they were very angry with the two brothers If necessary, you can make explicit why the ten disciples were angry. Alternate translation: "they were very angry with the two brothers because each of them also wanted to sit in a place of honor next to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 20 25 uu67 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes teaching his disciples about authority and serving others. MAT 20 25 v2xq 0 called them "called the twelve disciples" MAT 20 25 x2ul 0 the rulers of the Gentiles subjugate them "the Gentile kings forcefully rule over their people" MAT 20 25 gu83 0 their important men "the important men among the Gentiles" MAT 20 25 nb3r 0 exercise authority over them "have control over the people" MAT 20 26 y4qw 0 whoever wishes "whoever wants" or "whoever desires" MAT 20 27 j3ms 0 to be first "to be important" MAT 20 28 m27d figs-123person 0 the Son of Man ... his life Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. If necessary, you can translate this in the first person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 20 28 iz71 figs-activepassive 0 did not come to be served This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "did not come so that other people would serve him" or "did not come so that other people would serve me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 20 28 c7r9 figs-ellipsis 0 but to serve You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "but to serve other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 20 28 zh3k figs-metaphor 0 to give his life as a ransom for many Jesus' life being a "ransom" is a metaphor for his being punished in order to set people free from being punished for their own sins. Alternate translation: "to give his life as a substitute for many" or "to give his life as a substitute to set many free" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 20 28 zv1p figs-idiom 0 to give his life To give one's live is an idiom meaning to die voluntarily, usually in order to help others. Alternate translation: "to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 20 28 hgv7 figs-ellipsis 0 for many You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: "for many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 20 29 u6ad 0 Connecting Statement: This begins an account of Jesus healing two blind men. MAT 20 29 ev2t 0 As they went This refers to the disciples and Jesus. MAT 20 29 b4tr 0 followed him "followed Jesus" MAT 20 30 k7mk 0 There were two blind men sitting This is sometimes translated as "Behold, there were two blind men sitting." Matthew is alerting us to a new people in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 20 30 zz5f 0 When they heard "When the two blind men heard" MAT 20 30 stz8 0 was passing by "was walking by them" MAT 20 30 t577 0 Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "Descendant of King David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the men were probably calling Jesus by this title. MAT 20 32 f5mw 0 called to them "called to the blind men" MAT 20 32 fd9x 0 do you wish "do you want" MAT 20 33 yb39 figs-metaphor 0 that our eyes may be opened The men speak of becoming able to see as if there eyes were to be opened. Because of Jesus' previous question, we understand that they were expressing their desire. Alternate translation: "we want you to open our eyes" or "we want to be able to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 20 34 q9iq 0 being moved with compassion "having compassion" or "feeling compassion for them" MAT 21 intro ni1x 0 # Matthew 21 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:5,16 and 42, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The donkey and the colt<br><br>Jesus rode into Jerusalem on an animal. In this way he was like a king who came into a city after he had won an important battle. Also, the kings of Israel in the Old Testament rode on a donkeys. Other kings rode on horses. So Jesus was showing that he was the king of Israel and that he was not like other kings.<br><br>Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about this event. Matthew and Mark wrote that the disciples brought Jesus a donkey. John wrote that Jesus found a donkey. Luke wrote that they brought him a colt. Only Matthew wrote that there were both a donkey had a colt. No one knows for sure whether Jesus rode the donkey or the colt. It is best to translate each of these accounts as it appears in the ULT without trying to make them all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 21:1-7](../../mat/21/01.md) and [Mark 11:1-7](../../mrk/11/01.md) and [Luke 19:29-36](../../luk/19/29.md) and [John 12:14-15](../../jhn/12/14.md))<br><br>##### Hosanna<br><br>This is what the people shouted to welcome Jesus into Jerusalem. This word meant "Save us," but people used it to praise God.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "The kingdom of God will be taken away from you"<br><br>No one knows for sure what this phrase means. No one knows if Jesus meant that God would someday give the kingdom back or not.<br> MAT 21 1 f8fs 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus' entry into Jerusalem. Here he gives his disciples instructions about what they are to do. MAT 21 1 p3g6 translate-names 0 Bethphage This is a village near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 21 2 wen2 figs-activepassive 0 a donkey tied up You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: "a donkey that someone has tied up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 2 pq2e figs-explicit 0 tied up there You can make explicit how the donkey is tied. Alternate translation: "tied up there to a post" or "tied up there to a tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 21 2 ure7 0 colt young male donkey MAT 21 4 lk67 0 General Information: Here the author quotes the prophet Zechariah to show that Jesus fulfilled prophecy by riding a donkey into Jerusalem. MAT 21 4 irw1 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew explains how Jesus' actions fulfill scripture. MAT 21 4 n979 figs-activepassive 0 this came about that what was spoken through the prophet might be fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this happened so that Jesus would fulfill what God spoke through the prophet long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 4 x3up figs-explicit 0 through the prophet There were many prophets. Matthew was speaking of Zechariah. Alternate translation: "the prophet Zechariah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 21 5 whn7 0 the daughter of Zion The "daughter" of a city means the people of the city. Alternate translation: "the people of Zion" or "the people who live in Zion" MAT 21 5 jzz6 0 Zion This is another name for Jerusalem. MAT 21 5 fx3v 0 on a donkey—on a colt, the foal of a donkey The phrase "on a colt, the foal of a donkey" is explaining that the donkey is a young animal. Alternate translation: "on a young, male donkey" MAT 21 7 y6en 0 cloaks These were outer clothing or long coats. MAT 21 8 t29s figs-explicit 0 crowd spread their cloaks on the road, and others cut branches from the trees and spread them in the road These are ways to show honor to Jesus as he was entering Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 21 9 ky4c 0 Hosanna This word means "save us," but it can also mean "praise God!" MAT 21 9 ysb9 0 the son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "descendant of king David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the crowd was probably calling Jesus by this title. MAT 21 9 q52t figs-metonymy 0 in the name of the Lord Here "in the name" means "in the power" or "as a representative." Alternate translation: "in the power of the Lord" or "as the representative of the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 9 g73z figs-metonymy 0 Hosanna in the highest Here "highest" refers to God who rules from the highest heaven. Alternate translation: "Praise God, who is in the highest heaven" or "Praise be to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 10 cb4h figs-metonymy 0 all the city was stirred Here "city" refers to the people living there. Alternate translation: "many people from all over the city were stirred" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 10 nqb2 0 stirred "excited" MAT 21 12 q41c 0 General Information: In verse 13, Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to rebuke the vendors and money changers. MAT 21 12 mc5v 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus entering into the temple. MAT 21 12 y9j4 figs-explicit 0 Jesus entered the temple Jesus did not enter the actual temple. He entered the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 21 12 w7ac 0 who bought and sold Merchants were selling animals and other items that travelers bought to offer the proper sacrifices at the temple. MAT 21 13 guy7 0 He said to them "Jesus said to those who were changing money and buying and selling things" MAT 21 13 m1jl figs-activepassive 0 It is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The prophets wrote long ago" or "God said long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 13 z8gr figs-activepassive 0 My house will be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My house will be" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 13 n9v8 0 My house Here "My" refers to God and "house" refers to the temple. MAT 21 13 bd8x figs-idiom 0 a house of prayer This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "a place where people pray" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 21 13 c7l3 figs-metaphor 0 a den of robbers Jesus uses a metaphor to scold the people for buying and selling items in the temple. Alternate translation: "like a place where robbers hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 21 14 rpp3 figs-nominaladj 0 the blind and the lame These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "those who were blind and those who were lame" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 21 14 aku3 0 lame those who have an injured foot or leg that makes walking difficult MAT 21 15 p7x2 0 General Information: In verse 16, Jesus quotes from the Psalms to justify how the people had responded to him. MAT 21 15 hft8 0 the marvelous things "the wonderful things" or "the miracles." This refers to Jesus healing the blind and lame people in [Matthew 21:14](../21/14.md). MAT 21 15 fqr9 0 Hosanna This word means "save us" but can also mean "praise God!" See how you translated this in [Matthew 21:9](../21/09.md). MAT 21 15 c6k8 0 the Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "descendant of king David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the children were probably calling Jesus by this title. See how you translated this in [Matthew 21:9](../21/09.md). MAT 21 15 r3bs figs-explicit 0 they became very angry It is implied that they were angry because they did not believe Jesus was the Christ and they did not want other people praising him. Alternate translation: "they became very angry because people were praising him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 21 16 zx4a figs-rquestion 0 Do you hear what they are saying? The chief priests and scribes ask this question to rebuke Jesus because they are angry with him. Alternate translation: "You should not allow them to say these things about you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 21 16 luy1 figs-rquestion 0 But have you never read ... praise'? Jesus asks this question to remind the chief priests and scribes of what they have studied in the scriptures. Alternate translation: "Yes, I hear them, but you should remember what you read in the scriptures ... praise.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 21 16 qa9u figs-metonymy 0 Out of the mouths of little children and nursing infants you have prepared praise The phrase "out of the mouths" refers to speaking. Alternate translation: "You caused little children and nursing infants to prepare to give praise to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 17 kag5 0 Jesus left them "Jesus left the chief priests and scribes" MAT 21 18 l3bi 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus uses a fig tree to teach his disciples about faith and prayer. MAT 21 18 q488 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew explains that Jesus is hungry and that is why he stops at the fig tree. MAT 21 19 h2la 0 withered died and dried up MAT 21 20 q81g figs-rquestion 0 How did the fig tree immediately wither away? The disciples use a question to emphasize how surprised they are. Alternate translation: "We are astonished that the fig tree has dried up so quickly!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 21 20 sk1g 0 wither away "dry up and die" MAT 21 21 nd3y 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 21 21 mwl5 figs-doublet 0 if you have faith and do not doubt Jesus expresses the same idea both positively and negatively to emphasize that this faith must be genuine. Alternate translation: "if you truly believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) MAT 21 21 jf9h figs-quotations 0 you will even say to this mountain, 'Be taken up and thrown into the sea,' You can translate this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will even be able to tell this mountain to get up and throw itself into the sea" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 21 nxi3 figs-activepassive 0 it will be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "it will happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 23 yi7j 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of the religious leaders questioning Jesus' authority. MAT 21 23 uge9 figs-explicit 0 had come into the temple It is implied that Jesus did not enter the actual temple. He entered the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 21 23 s1w6 0 these things This refers to Jesus teaching and healing in the temple. It probably also refers to Jesus driving out the buyers and sellers the previous day. MAT 21 25 dau4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the religious leaders. MAT 21 25 k1a7 0 from where did it come? "where did he get the authority to do that?" MAT 21 25 vvt5 figs-quotesinquotes 0 If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say to us, 'Why then did you not believe him? This has quotes within a quote. You could translate the direct quotations as an indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "If we say that we believe John received his authority from heaven, then Jesus will ask us why we did not believe John." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 21 25 xx3b figs-metonymy 0 From heaven Here "heaven" refers to God. Alternate translation: "from God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 25 jmg7 figs-rquestion 0 Why then did you not believe him? The religious leaders know that Jesus could scold them with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: "Then you should have believed John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 21 26 zxn4 figs-quotesinquotes 0 But if we say, 'From men,' This is a quote within a quote. You could translate the direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "But if we say that we believe John received his authority from men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 21 26 vn6j 0 we fear the crowd "we fear what the crowd would think or even do to us" MAT 21 26 q1r1 0 they all view John as a prophet "they believe John is a prophet" MAT 21 28 u56n figs-parables 0 Jesus tells a parable about two sons to rebuke the religious leaders and to illustrate their unbelief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 21 28 iem2 figs-rquestion 0 But what do you think? Jesus uses a question to challenge the religious leaders to think deeply about the parable he will tell them. Alternate translation: "Tell me what you think about what I am about to tell you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 21 29 b96z figs-metaphor 0 he changed his mind This refers to the son reconsidering his thoughts and deciding to act differently from how he had said he would act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 21 31 hl72 0 They said "The chief priests and elders said" MAT 21 31 au13 0 Jesus said to them "Jesus said to the chief priests and elders" MAT 21 31 er5s 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 21 31 ec9f figs-metonymy 0 the tax collectors and the prostitutes will enter the kingdom of God before you do Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "when God establishes his rule on earth, he will agree to bless the tax collectors and prostitutes by ruling over them before he agrees to do that for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 31 pd34 0 before you do Possible meanings are 1) God will accept the tax collectors and prostitutes sooner than he will accept the Jewish religious leaders, or 2) God will accept the tax collectors and prostitutes instead of the Jewish religious leaders. MAT 21 32 a8z8 figs-you 0 John came to you Here "you" is plural and refers to all the people of Israel not just the religious leaders. Alternate translation: "John came to the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 21 32 n2ve figs-idiom 0 in the way of righteousness This is an idiom that means John showed the people the right way to live. Alternate translation: "and told you the way God wants you to live" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 21 32 c5t4 figs-you 0 you did not believe him Here "you" is plural and refers to the religious leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 21 33 nn9y figs-parables 0 To rebuke the religious leaders and illustrate their unbelief, Jesus tells a parable about rebellious servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 21 33 sx2y 0 a landowner "a person who owned a piece of property" MAT 21 33 v39u 0 a hedge "a wall" or "a fence" MAT 21 33 lg79 0 dug a winepress in it "dug a hole in the vineyard in which to press the grapes" MAT 21 33 eu7x 0 rented it out to vine growers The owner still owned the vineyard, but he allowed the vine growers to take care of it. When the grapes became ripe, they were to give some of them to the owner and keep the rest. MAT 21 33 vp8k 0 vine growers These were people who knew how to take care of vines and grapes. MAT 21 35 hn3c figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 21 35 n1cq 0 his servants "the landowner's servants" MAT 21 38 a55y figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 21 40 x1ll 0 Now The word "now" does not mean "at this moment," but it is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. MAT 21 41 ss2m 0 They said to him Matthew does not make clear who answered Jesus. If you need to specify an audience you can translate as "The people said to Jesus." MAT 21 42 z9tm 0 General Information: Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that God will honor the one whom the religious leaders reject. MAT 21 42 x8zh 0 Connecting Statement: Here Jesus begins to explain the parable of the rebellious servants. MAT 21 42 kk7e 0 Jesus said to them It is unclear to whom Jesus asks the following question. If you need to make "them" specific, use the same audience as you did in [Matthew 21:41](../21/41.md). MAT 21 42 me7g figs-rquestion 0 Did you never read ... eyes'? Jesus uses a question to make his audience think deeply about what this scripture means. Alternate translation: "Think about what you have read ... eyes.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 21 42 mcm8 figs-metaphor 0 The stone which the builders rejected has been made the cornerstone Jesus is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, will reject Jesus, but God will make him the most important in his kingdom, like the cornerstone in a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 21 42 uid2 figs-activepassive 0 has been made the cornerstone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has become the cornerstone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 42 b1sr 0 This was from the Lord "The Lord has caused this great change" MAT 21 42 el83 figs-metonymy 0 it is marvelous in our eyes Here "in our eyes" refers to seeing. Alternate translation: "it is wonderful to see" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 21 43 s93a 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 21 43 c7pb figs-you 0 to you Here "you" is plural. Jesus was speaking to the religious leaders who had rejected him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 21 43 v89z figs-metonymy 0 the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and will be given to a nation Here "kingdom of God" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take his kingdom away from you and will give it to a nation" or "God will reject you and he will be king over people from other nations" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 43 cm2i figs-metaphor 0 that produces its fruits "Fruits" here is a metaphor for "results" or outcome." Alternate translation: "that produces good results" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 21 44 r7up figs-metaphor 0 Whoever falls on this stone will be broken to pieces Here, "this stone" is the same stone as in [Matthew 21:42](../21/42.md). This is a metaphor that means the Christ will destroy anyone who rebels against him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The stone will break into pieces anyone who falls on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 21 44 ghz2 figs-parallelism 0 But anyone on whom it falls will be crushed This means basically the same thing as the previous sentence. It is a metaphor that means the Christ will have the final judgment and will destroy everyone who rebels against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 21 45 gh8w 0 Connecting Statement: The religious leaders react to the parable that Jesus told. MAT 21 45 qpy9 0 his parables "Jesus' parables" MAT 22 intro k5ze 0 # Matthew 22 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in verse 44, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Wedding Feast<br><br>In the parable of the wedding feast ([Matthew 22:1-14](./01.md)), Jesus taught that when God offers to save a person, that person needs to accept the offer. Jesus spoke of life with God as a feast that a king prepares for his son, who has just gotten married. In addition, Jesus emphasized that not everyone whom God invites will properly prepare themselves to come to the feast. God will throw these people out from the feast.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Implicit information<br><br>Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When the king in the parable said, "My oxen and fattened calves have been killed" ([Matthew 22:4](../../mat/22/04.md)), he assumed that the hearers would understand that those who had killed the animals had also cooked them.<br><br>##### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. To the Jews, the ancestors were the masters of the descendants, but in one psalm David calls one of his descendants "Lord." Jesus tells the Jewish leaders that this is a paradox, saying, "If David then calls the Christ 'Lord,' how is he David's son?" ([Matthew 22:45](../../mat/22/45.md)).<br> MAT 22 1 z8vz figs-parables 0 To rebuke the religious leaders and to illustrate their unbelief, Jesus tells a parable about a marriage feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 22 1 bc6y 0 to them "to the people" MAT 22 2 xps3 0 The kingdom of heaven is like This is the beginning of a parable. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). MAT 22 3 wur1 figs-activepassive 0 those who had been invited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people the king had invited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 4 l896 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 22 4 c7x4 figs-quotations 0 servants, saying, 'Tell them who are invited This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "servants, ordering them to tell those whom he invited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 4 iq6y 0 See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" MAT 22 4 xu4t figs-explicit 0 My oxen and fattened calves have been killed It is implied that the animals are cooked and ready to eat. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My servants have killed and cooked my oxen and my fattened calves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 4 c48a 0 My oxen and fattened calves "My best oxen and calves for eating" MAT 22 5 e4fl figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 22 5 zu4c 0 But they paid no attention "But the guests the king invited ignored the invitation" MAT 22 7 la7s figs-explicit 0 killed those murderers It is implied that the king's soldiers killed the murderers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 22 8 u2ax figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 22 8 k98u figs-activepassive 0 those who were invited This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom I invited" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 9 p48s 0 the highway crossings "where the main roads of the city cross." The king is sending the servants to the place where they are most likely to find people. MAT 22 10 uva7 0 both bad and good "both the good people and the bad people" MAT 22 10 c6ph figs-activepassive 0 So the wedding hall was filled with guests This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "So the guests filled the wedding hall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 10 fy3a 0 hall a large room MAT 22 11 s8ga figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 22 12 c7iy figs-rquestion 0 how did you come in here without wedding clothes? The king uses a question to scold the guest. Alternate translation: "you are not wearing proper clothes for a wedding. You should not be here." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 12 w7vb 0 the man was speechless "the man was silent" MAT 22 13 wt88 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus concludes his parable about a marriage feast. MAT 22 13 jmp4 0 Bind this man hand and foot "Tie him up so that he cannot move his hands or feet" MAT 22 13 rpy8 figs-metonymy 0 the outer darkness Here "outer darkness" is a metonym for the place where God sends those who reject them. This is a place that is completely separated from God forever. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "the dark place away from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 22 13 s9ge translate-symaction 0 weeping and the grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" is symbolic action, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and expressing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 22 14 hy3a figs-activepassive 0 For many people are called, but few are chosen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For God invites many people, but he only chooses a few" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 14 yz5f 0 For This marks a transition. Jesus has ended the parable and will now explain the point of the parable. MAT 22 15 y826 0 Connecting Statement: This begins an account of the religious leaders trying to trap Jesus with several difficult questions. Here the Pharisees ask him about paying taxes to Caesar. MAT 22 15 u2mj 0 how they might entrap Jesus in his own talk "how they could cause Jesus to say something wrong so they could arrest him" MAT 22 16 eae4 figs-explicit 0 their disciples ... Herodians The disciples of the Pharisees supported paying taxes only to Jewish authorities. The Herodians supported paying taxes to the Roman authorities. It is implied that the Pharisees believed that no matter what Jesus said, he would offend one of these groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 22 16 rf66 translate-names 0 Herodians These were officials and followers of the Jewish king Herod. He was friends with Roman authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 22 16 t2qa 0 you do not show partiality between people "you do not show special honor to anyone" or "you do not consider anyone more important than anyone else" MAT 22 17 a9by figs-explicit 0 to pay taxes to Caesar People did not pay taxes directly to Caesar but to one of his tax collectors. Alternate translation: "to pay the taxes that Caesar requires" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 22 18 a2ti figs-rquestion 0 Why are you testing me, you hypocrites? Jesus uses a question to scold those who were trying to trap him. Alternate translation: "Do not test me, you hypocrites!" or "I know that you hypocrites are only trying to test me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 19 cie7 translate-bmoney 0 denarius This was a Roman coin worth one day's wages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 22 20 ue7j 0 to them Here "them" refers to the Herodians and the disciples of the Pharisees. MAT 22 20 dr3d figs-rquestion 0 Whose image and name are these? Jesus uses a question to get the people to think deeply about what he is saying. Alternate translation: "Tell me whose image and name you see on this coin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 21 yd84 figs-ellipsis 0 Caesar's You can make clear the understood information in their response. Alternate translation: "The coin has Caesar's image and name on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 22 21 i6g5 0 things that are Caesar's "things that belong to Caesar" MAT 22 21 l3dh 0 things that are God's "things that belong to God" MAT 22 23 wqg2 0 Connecting Statement: The Sadducees try to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about marriage and the resurrection of the dead. MAT 22 24 xl5f figs-quotesinquotes 0 Teacher, Moses said, 'If a man dies The religious leaders were asking Jesus about what Moses had written in the scriptures. If your language does not allow quotes within quotes, this could be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "Teacher, Moses said that if a man dies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 22 24 u7dm 0 his brother ... his wife ... his brother Here "his" refers to the dead man. MAT 22 25 kjf5 0 Connecting Statement: The Sadducees continue asking Jesus a question. MAT 22 25 ag5z translate-ordinal 0 The first "The oldest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 22 26 r6bq translate-ordinal 0 the second ... the third ... the seventh "the next oldest ... the next oldest ... the youngest" or "his oldest younger brother ... that brother's oldest younger brother ... the youngest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 22 27 t7md 0 After them all "After every brother had died" MAT 22 28 wbd1 0 Now Here the Sadducees shift from the story about the seven brothers to their actual question. MAT 22 28 s743 0 in the resurrection "when dead people come back to life" MAT 22 29 p1ae figs-explicit 0 You are mistaken It is implied that Jesus means that they are mistaken about what they think about the resurrection. Alternate translation: "You are mistaken about the resurrection" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 22 29 dax6 0 the power of God "what God is able to do" MAT 22 30 ygr1 0 in the resurrection "when dead people rise back to life" MAT 22 30 uaj9 0 they neither marry "people will not marry" MAT 22 30 qkv1 figs-activepassive 0 nor are given in marriage This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "nor will people give their children in marriage" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 31 nx66 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins asking a question to show that people who have died will live again. MAT 22 31 b9sy figs-rquestion 0 have you not read ... God, saying, Jesus scolds the Sadducees by asking a question. He is not looking for an answer. Alternate translation: "I know you have read ... God. You know that he said," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 31 ljj7 figs-activepassive 0 what was spoken to you by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God spoke to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 22 32 zb7a 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes asking the question he began in verse 31. MAT 22 32 qcq3 figs-quotations 0 'I am the God ... Jacob'? This is the end of the question that begins with the words "have you not read" in verse 31. Jesus asks this question to remind the religious leaders of what they know from scripture. "I know you have read it, but you do not seem to understand what ... Jacob.'" You can translate this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. "God, who said to Moses that he is the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 32 t7lv figs-nominaladj 0 of the dead, but of the living These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "of dead people, but he is the God of living people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 22 34 jnd7 0 Connecting Statement: A Pharisee who was an expert in the law tries to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about the greatest commandment. MAT 22 35 ud5r 0 a lawyer "an expert in the law." This is a Pharisee who had special skill in understanding the law of Moses. MAT 22 37 vng8 0 General Information: Jesus quotes a verse from Deuteronomy as the greatest commandment. MAT 22 37 xl3e figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) MAT 22 38 q8j3 figs-doublet 0 the great and first commandment Here "great" and "first" mean the same thing. They emphasize that this is the most important commandment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) MAT 22 39 xk1k 0 General Information: Jesus quotes a verse from Leviticus as the second greatest commandment. MAT 22 39 yx7v 0 your neighbor Here "neighbor" means more than just those who live nearby. Jesus means a person must love all people. MAT 22 40 wpr8 figs-metonymy 0 On these two commandments depend the whole law and the prophets Here the phrase "the whole law and the prophets" refers to all of scripture. Alternate translation: "Everything that Moses and the prophets wrote in the scriptures is based on these two commandments" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 22 41 r9ca 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus asks the Pharisees a difficult question in order to stop their attempts to trap him. MAT 22 41 pj4a 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story when Jesus asks the religious leaders a question. MAT 22 42 xlf8 0 son ... son of David In both of these "son" means "descendant." MAT 22 43 dpp5 0 General Information: Jesus quotes from the Psalms to show that the Christ is more than just "the son of David." MAT 22 43 cu3h figs-rquestion 0 How then does David in the Spirit call him Lord Jesus uses a question to make the religious leaders think deeply about the Psalm he is about to quote. Alternate translation: "Then, tell me why David in the Spirit calls him Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 43 yu5m 0 David in the Spirit "David, whom the Holy Spirit is inspiring." This means the Holy Spirit is influencing what David says. MAT 22 43 dn9y 0 call him Here "him" refers to the Christ, who is also the descendant of David. MAT 22 44 wy85 0 The Lord said Here "Lord" refers to God the Father. MAT 22 44 k3f7 0 to my Lord Here "Lord" refers to the Christ. Also, "my" refers to David. This means the Christ is superior to David. MAT 22 44 dz2a translate-symaction 0 Sit at my right hand To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "Sit in the place of honor beside me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 22 44 e59n figs-idiom 0 until I make your enemies your footstool This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "until I conquer your enemies" or "until I make your enemies bow down before you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 22 45 l962 0 General Information: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 19:1](../19/01.md), that tells of Jesus ministering in Judea. MAT 22 45 e2wd 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the account of the religious leaders trying to trap Jesus with several difficult questions. MAT 22 45 d8gl figs-rquestion 0 If David then calls the Christ 'Lord,' how is he David's son? Jesus uses a question to make the religious leaders think deeply about what he is saying. Alternate translation: "David calls him 'Lord,' so the Christ has to be more than just a descendant of David." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 22 45 x9uh 0 If David then calls the Christ David referred to Jesus as "Lord" because Jesus was not only a descendant of David, but he was also superior to him. MAT 22 46 n3hw figs-metonymy 0 to answer him a word Here "word" refers to what people say. Alternate translation: "to answer him anything" or "to answer him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 22 46 c1f2 figs-explicit 0 any more questions It is implied that no one asked him the kind of questions that were intended to make him say something wrong so the religious leaders could arrest him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 23 intro m99i 0 # Matthew 23 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Hypocrites<br><br>Jesus calls the Pharisees hypocrites many times ([Matthew 23:13](../../mat/23/13.md)) and carefully tells what he means by doing that. The Pharisees made rules that no one could actually obey, and then they persuaded the ordinary people that they were guilty because they could not obey the rules. Also, the Pharisees obeyed their own rules instead of obeying God's original commands in the law of Moses.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Name calling<br><br>In most cultures, it is wrong to insult people. The Pharisees took many of the words in this chapter as insults. Jesus called them "hypocrites," "blind guides," "fools," and "serpents" ([Matthew 23:16-17](./16.md)). Jesus uses these words say that God would surely punish them because they were doing wrong.<br><br>##### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, "He who is greatest among you will be your servant" ([Matthew 23:11-12](./11.md)).<br> MAT 23 1 skq4 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story that runs through [Matthew 25:46](../25/46.md), where Jesus teaches about salvation and the final judgment. Here he begins to warn the people about the scribes and Pharisees. MAT 23 2 dnu3 figs-metonymy 0 sit in Moses' seat Here "seat" represents the authority to rule and make judgments. Alternate translation: "have authority as Moses had" or "have authority to say what the law of Moses means" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 3 q336 0 whatever ... do these things and observe them "all the things ... do them and observe them" or "everything ... do it and observe it" MAT 23 4 xce6 figs-metaphor 0 they bind heavy burdens that are difficult to carry, and then they put them on people's shoulders. But they themselves will not move a finger to carry them Here "bind heavy burdens ... put them on people's shoulders" is a metaphor for the religious leaders making many difficult rules and making the people obey them. And "will not move a finger" is an idiom that means the religious leaders will not help the people. Alternate translation: "they make you obey many rules that are difficult to follow. But they do nothing at all to help the people follow the rules" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 23 5 nw4y figs-activepassive 0 They do all their deeds to be seen by people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They do all their deeds so that people can see what they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 5 ln6j figs-explicit 0 For they make their phylacteries wide, and they enlarge the edges of their garments Both of these are things the Pharisees do to appear as if they honor God more than other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 23 5 gcv7 0 phylacteries small leather boxes containing paper with scripture written on it MAT 23 5 h2qj 0 they enlarge the edges of their garments The Pharisees made the tassels on the bottom of their robes especially long to show their devotion to God. MAT 23 6 i6ec 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to the crowds and disciples about the Pharisees. MAT 23 6 arf1 0 chief places ... chief seats Both of these are the places where the most important people sit. MAT 23 7 cp2m 0 marketplaces large, open-air areas where people buy and sell items MAT 23 7 cbe8 figs-activepassive 0 to be called 'Rabbi' by people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for people to call them 'Rabbi.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 8 uk5v figs-activepassive 0 But you must not be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But you must not let anyone call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 8 ru2b figs-you 0 you All occurrences of "you" are plural and refer to all of Jesus' followers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 23 8 s5du 0 you are brothers Here "brothers" means "fellow believers." MAT 23 9 l33f figs-hyperbole 0 call no man on earth your father Jesus is using hyperbole to tell his hearers that they must not allow even the most important people to be more important to them than God is. Alternate translation: "do not call any man on earth your father" or "do not say that any man on earth is your father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 23 9 any8 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 you have only one Father "Father" here is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 23 10 b8ua figs-activepassive 0 Neither must you be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Also, do not let anyone call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 10 lp5f figs-123person 0 you have only one teacher, the Christ When Jesus said "the Christ," he was speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the Christ, am your only teacher" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 23 11 d62b 0 he who is greatest among you "the person who is most important among you" MAT 23 11 d9xw figs-you 0 among you Here "you" is plural and refers to Jesus' followers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 23 12 x187 0 exalts himself "makes himself important" MAT 23 12 e81r figs-activepassive 0 will be humbled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will humble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 12 uz88 figs-activepassive 0 will be exalted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will make important" or "God will honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 13 ts6z figs-metaphor 0 General Information: Jesus speaks of the kingdom of heaven as if it were a house, the door into which the Pharisees have shut from the outside so that neither they nor anyone else can enter the house. If you do not keep the metaphor of the house, be sure to change all instances of "shut" and "enter." Also, since the words "kingdom of heaven," which refer to God, who lives in heaven, occur only in Matthew, try to use your language's word for "heaven" in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 13 aw49 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to rebuke the religious leaders because of their hypocrisy. MAT 23 13 i9dq 0 But woe to you "How terrible it will be for you!" See how you translated this in [Matthew 11:21](../11/21.md). MAT 23 13 j4sd figs-metaphor 0 You shut the kingdom of heaven against people ... you do not enter it ... neither do you allow those about to enter to do so Jesus is speaking of the kingdom of heaven, which is God ruling over his people, as if it were a house, the door into which the Pharisees have shut from the outside so that neither they nor anyone else can enter the house. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is found only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use your language's word for "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "You make it impossible for people to enter the kingdom of heaven ... you do not enter it ... neither do you allow those about to enter to do so" or "You prevent people from accepting God, who lives in heaven, as king ... you do not accept him as king ... and you make it impossible for those about to accept him as king to do so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 15 e4a8 figs-idiom 0 you go over sea and land This is an idiom that means they go to distant places. Alternate translation: "you travel great distances" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 23 15 iyl7 0 to make one convert "to make one person accept your religion" MAT 23 15 bq91 figs-idiom 0 son of hell Here "son of" is an idiom that means "one belonging to." Alternate translation: "person who belongs in hell" or "person who should go to hell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 23 16 r5k3 figs-metaphor 0 blind guides The Jewish leaders were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. See how you translated "blind guides" in [Matthew 15:14](../15/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 16 qgh8 0 by the temple, it is nothing "by the temple does not have to keep his oath" MAT 23 16 lni3 figs-metaphor 0 is bound to his oath "is tied to his oath." The phrase "bound to his oath" is a metaphor for being required to do what one has said he would do in an oath. Alternate translation: "must do what he promised to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 17 s7a8 figs-metaphor 0 blind fools The Jewish leaders were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 17 f9zd figs-rquestion 0 Which is greater, the gold or the temple that makes the gold holy? Jesus uses this question to rebuke the Pharisees because they treated the gold as if it were more important than the temple. Alternate translation: "The temple that has dedicated the gold to God is more important than the gold!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 23 17 j6d5 0 the temple that makes the gold holy "the temple that makes the gold belong to God alone" MAT 23 18 lr61 figs-ellipsis 0 And The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "And you also say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 23 18 d331 0 it is nothing "he does not have to do what he has sworn to do" or "he does not have to keep his oath" MAT 23 18 ngd2 0 the gift This is an animal or grain that a person would bring to God by putting it on God's altar. MAT 23 18 zg72 figs-metaphor 0 is bound to his oath "is tied to his oath." Being required to do what one has said he would do in an oath is spoken of as if he is tied to the oath. Alternate translation: "must do what he promised to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 19 y6hk figs-metaphor 0 blind people The Jewish leaders were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 19 g7qr figs-rquestion 0 Which is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift holy? Jesus uses this question to rebuke the Pharisees for treating the gift as if it were more important than the altar. Alternate translation: "The altar that makes the gift holy is greater than the gift!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 23 19 gt4d 0 the altar that makes the gift holy "the altar that makes the gift special to God" MAT 23 20 x4q4 0 by everything on it "by all the gifts that people have placed on it" MAT 23 21 m21b 0 the one who lives in it God the Father MAT 23 22 ejw9 0 him who sits on it God the Father MAT 23 23 lg3r 0 Woe to you ... hypocrites! "How terrible it will be for you ... hypocrites!" See how you translated this in [Matthew 11:21](../11/21.md). MAT 23 23 n94y translate-unknown 0 mint and dill and cumin These are various leaves and seeds people used to make food taste good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 23 23 hga6 0 you have left undone "you have not obeyed" MAT 23 23 c8bb 0 the weightier matters "the more important matters" MAT 23 23 m32j 0 But these you ought to have done "You ought to have obeyed these more important laws" MAT 23 23 nn6q figs-doublenegatives 0 and not to have left the other undone This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "while also obeying the less important laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 23 24 y84y figs-metaphor 0 You blind guides Jesus uses this metaphor to describe the Pharisees. Jesus means that the Pharisees do not understand God's commands or how to please him. Therefore, they cannot teach others how to please God. See how you translated this metaphor in [Matthew 15:14](../15/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 24 l7fh figs-metaphor 0 you who strain out a gnat but swallow a camel Being careful to follow the less important laws and ignoring the more important laws is as foolish as being careful not to swallow the smallest unclean animal but eating the meat of the largest unclean animal. Alternate translation: "you are as foolish as a person who strains out a gnat that falls into his drink but swallows a camel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) MAT 23 24 sn3z 0 strain out a gnat This means to pour a liquid through a cloth to remove a gnat from a drink. MAT 23 24 whk2 0 gnat a small flying insect MAT 23 25 ns27 0 Woe to you ... hypocrites! "How terrible it will be for you ... hypocrites!" See how you translated this in [Matthew 11:21](../11/21.md). MAT 23 25 ru45 figs-metaphor 0 For you clean the outside of the cup and of the plate, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence This is a metaphor that means the scribes and Pharisees appear pure on the outside to others, but on the inside they are wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 25 tz8h 0 they are full of greed and self-indulgence "they want what others have, and they act in the interest of the self" MAT 23 26 lb5j figs-metaphor 0 You blind Pharisee The Pharisees were spiritually blind. Although they thought of themselves as teachers, they were unable to understand God's truth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 26 f9p8 figs-metaphor 0 Clean first the inside of the cup and of the plate, so that the outside may become clean also This is a metaphor that means that if they would become pure in their inner being, then the result is that they would be pure on the outside as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 27 kry1 figs-simile 0 you are like whitewashed tombs ... unclean This is a simile that means the scribes and Pharisees may appear to be pure on the outside, but they are wicked on the inside. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 23 27 ta1f figs-explicit 0 whitewashed tombs "tombs that someone has painted white." The Jews would paint tombs white so that people would easily see them and avoid touching them. Touching a tomb would make a person ceremonially unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 23 29 tse6 figs-nominaladj 0 of the righteous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "of the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 23 30 kkf2 0 in the days of our fathers "during the time of our forefathers" MAT 23 30 nq82 0 we would not have been participants with them "we would not have joined with them" MAT 23 30 x99m figs-metonymy 0 shedding the blood of Here "blood" refers to life. To shed blood means to kill. Alternate translation: "killing" or "murdering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 31 l7rl 0 you are sons Here "sons" means "descendants." MAT 23 32 bpz8 figs-metaphor 0 You also fill up the measure of your fathers Jesus uses this as a metaphor meaning the Pharisees will complete the wicked behavior that their forefathers started when they killed the prophets. Alternate translation: "You also finish the sins your ancestors began" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 33 va5c figs-doublet 0 You serpents, you offspring of vipers Serpents are snakes, and vipers are poisonous snakes. They are dangerous and often symbols of evil. Alternate translation: "You are as evil as dangerous and poisonous snakes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 33 blv6 0 offspring of vipers Here "offspring" means "having the characteristic of." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Matthew 3:7](../03/07.md). MAT 23 33 vi6c figs-rquestion 0 how will you escape the judgment of hell? Jesus uses this question as a rebuke. Alternate translation: "there is no way for you to escape the judgment of hell!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 23 34 an97 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to rebuke the religious leaders because of their hypocrisy. MAT 23 34 rq8c 0 I am sending you prophets and wise men and scribes Sometimes the present tense is used to show that someone will do something very soon. Alternate translation: "I will send prophets, wise men, and scribes to you" MAT 23 35 l7ya figs-idiom 0 upon you will come all the righteous blood that has been shed on the earth The phrase "upon you will come" is an idiom that means to receive punishment. To shed blood is a metonym meaning to kill people, so "righteous blood that has been shed on the earth" represents righteous people who have been killed. Alternate translation: "God will punish you for the murders of all the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 35 b3a7 figs-metonymy 0 from the blood ... to the blood Here the word "blood" represents a person being killed. Alternate translation: "from the murder ... to the murder" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 35 z95g figs-merism 0 Abel ... Zechariah Abel was the first righteous victim of murder, and Zechariah, who was murdered by Jews in the temple, was probably thought to be the last. These two men represent all the righteous people who have been murdered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) MAT 23 35 cbq9 0 Zechariah This Zechariah was not the father of John the Baptist. MAT 23 35 s11l 0 whom you killed Jesus does not mean the people to whom he is speaking actually killed Zechariah. He means their ancestors did. MAT 23 36 ut4l 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 23 37 w23t 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus mourns over the people of Jerusalem because they reject every messenger that God sends to them. MAT 23 37 vne9 figs-apostrophe 0 Jerusalem, Jerusalem Jesus speaks to the people of Jerusalem as though they were the city itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 37 tz4r figs-activepassive 0 those who are sent to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God sends to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 23 37 t9y7 figs-metaphor 0 your children Jesus is speaking to Jerusalem as if it is a woman and the people are her children. Alternate translation: "your people" or "your inhabitants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 23 37 xv4t figs-simile 0 just as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings This is a simile that emphasizes Jesus' love for the people and how he wanted to take care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 23 37 as8p translate-unknown 0 hen a female chicken. You can translate with any bird that protects her children under her wing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 23 38 r6ss 0 your house is left to you desolate "God will leave your house, and it will be empty" MAT 23 38 ck2z figs-metonymy 0 your house Possible meanings are 1) "the city of Jerusalem" or 2) "the temple." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 23 39 i14n 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 23 39 ig61 figs-metonymy 0 Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord Here "in the name" means "in the power" or "as a representative." See how you translated this in [Matthew 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: "He who comes in the power of the Lord is blessed" or "He who comes as the representative of the Lord will be blessed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 intro h2a2 0 # Matthew 24 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>In this chapter, Jesus begins to prophesy about the future from that time until he returns as king of everything. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### "The end of the age"<br><br>In this chapter, Jesus gives an answer to his disciples when they ask how they will know when he will come again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>##### The example of Noah<br><br>In the time of Noah, God sent a great flood to punish people for their sins. He warned them many times about this coming flood, but it actually began suddenly. In this chapter, Jesus draws a comparison between that flood and the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "Let"<br><br>The ULT uses this word to begin several commands of Jesus, such as "let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains" (24:16), "let him who is on the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house" (24:17), and "let him who is in the field not return to take his cloak" (24:18). There are many different ways to form a command. Translators must select the most natural ways in their own languages.<br> MAT 24 1 dh7u 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to describe events that will happen before he comes again during the end times. MAT 24 1 ke79 figs-explicit 0 from the temple It is implied that Jesus was not in the temple itself. He was in the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 24 2 mh5y figs-rquestion 0 Do you not see all these things? Jesus uses a question to make the disciples think deeply about what he will tell them. Alternate translation: "Let me tell you something about all these buildings." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 24 2 fnv8 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 24 2 l45q figs-explicit 0 not one stone will be left on another that will not be torn down It is implied that enemy soldiers will tear down the stones. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when the enemy soldiers come, they will tear down every stone in these buildings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 3 e1is figs-explicit 0 What will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age Here "your coming" refers to when Jesus will come in power, establishing God's reign on earth and bringing this age to an end. Alternate translation: "What will be the sign that you are about to come and that the world is about to end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 24 4 s64s figs-metaphor 0 Be careful that no one leads you astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "Be careful that no one deceives you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 5 lq71 figs-metonymy 0 many will come in my name Here "name" refers to "in the authority" or "as the representative" of someone. Alternate translation: "many will claim that they have come as my representative" or "many will say they speak for me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 5 twh8 figs-metaphor 0 will lead many astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "will deceive many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 6 hdz3 figs-activepassive 0 See that you are not troubled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not let these things trouble you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 7 ygf2 figs-parallelism 0 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom Both of these mean the same thing. Jesus is emphasizing that people everywhere will fight each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 8 q4gl figs-metaphor 0 the beginning of birth pains This refers to the pains a woman feels before giving birth to a child. This metaphor means these wars, famines, and earthquakes are just the beginning of the events that will lead to the end of the age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 9 u5e6 0 they will deliver you up to tribulation and kill you "people will give you over to the authorities, who will make you suffer and will kill you." MAT 24 9 uw1i figs-activepassive 0 You will be hated by all the nations Here "nations" is a metonym, referring to the people of nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People from every nation will hate you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 9 u2bd figs-metonymy 0 for my name's sake Here "name" refers to the complete person. Alternate translation: "because you believe in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 11 mi2e figs-idiom 0 will rise up "Rise" here is an idiom for "become established." Alternate translation: "will come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 24 11 tjb3 figs-metaphor 0 and lead many astray Here "lead ... astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: "and deceive many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 12 w4af figs-abstractnouns 0 lawlessness will increase The abstract noun "lawlessness" can be translated with the phrase "disobeying the law." Alternate translation: "disobeying the law will increase" or "people will disobey God's law more and more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 24 12 bu9b figs-idiom 0 the love of many will grow cold Possible meanings are 1) "many people will no longer love other people" or 2) "many people will no longer love God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 24 13 v3ex figs-activepassive 0 the one who endures to the end will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will save the person who endures to the end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 13 l1pp 0 the one who endures "the person who stays faithful" MAT 24 13 ht34 0 to the end It is not clear whether the word "end" refers to when a person dies or when the persecution ends or the end of the age when God shows himself to be king. The main point is that they endure as long as necessary. MAT 24 13 lra5 0 the end "the end of the world" or "the end of the age" MAT 24 14 x3e6 figs-metonymy 0 This good news of the kingdom will be preached Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will tell the good news that God will rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 14 y65s figs-metonymy 0 all the nations Here, "nations" stands for people. Alternate translation: "all people in all places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 15 mf1b figs-activepassive 0 the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of by Daniel the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the shameful one who defiles the things of God, about whom Daniel the prophet wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 15 lz9p 0 let the reader understand This is not Jesus speaking. Matthew added this to alert the reader that Jesus was using words that they would need to think about and interpret. MAT 24 17 iv2j 0 let him who is on the housetop Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people could stand on them. MAT 24 19 kq12 figs-euphemism 0 those who are with child This is a polite way to say "pregnant women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 24 19 f533 0 in those days "at that time" MAT 24 20 u4jb 0 that your flight will not occur "that you will not have to flee" or "that you will not have to run away" MAT 24 20 m6mx 0 the winter "the cold season" MAT 24 22 vd3z figs-doublenegatives 0 Unless those days are shortened, no flesh would be saved This can be stated in positive and active form. Alternate translation: "If God does not shorten the time of suffering, everyone will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) MAT 24 22 r9qw figs-synecdoche 0 flesh "people." Here, "flesh" is poetic way of saying all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 24 22 p6m8 figs-activepassive 0 those days will be shortened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will shorten the time of suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 23 avv5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. MAT 24 23 avm2 0 do not believe it "do not believe the false things they have said to you" MAT 24 24 n744 0 so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect Here "lead astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. This can be translated as two sentences. Alternate translation: "so as to deceive, if possible, even the elect" or "so as to deceive people. If possible, they would even deceive the elect" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 26 fmx1 figs-quotations 0 if they say to you, 'Look, he is in the wilderness,' do This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "if someone tells you that the Christ is in the wilderness, do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 24 26 zxg2 figs-quotations 0 Or, 'See, he is in the inner rooms,' This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Or, if someone tells you that the Christ is in the inner room," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 24 26 n2pt 0 in the inner rooms "in a secret room" or "in secret places" MAT 24 27 j1w1 figs-simile 0 as the lightning shines ... so will be the coming This means that the Son of Man will come very quickly and will be easy to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 24 27 za8b figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 24 28 mu35 writing-proverbs 0 Wherever a dead animal is, there the vultures will gather This is probably a proverb that the people of Jesus' time understood. Possible meanings are 1) when the Son of Man comes, everyone will see him and know that he has come, or 2) wherever spiritually dead people are, false prophets will be there to tell them lies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 24 28 ivl8 0 vultures birds that eat the bodies of dead or dying creatures MAT 24 29 zmm6 0 immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun "as soon as the tribulation of those days has finished, the sun" MAT 24 29 l15m 0 the tribulation of those days "that time of suffering" MAT 24 29 zuk4 figs-activepassive 0 the sun will be darkened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will make the sun dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 29 w1bi figs-activepassive 0 the powers of the heavens will be shaken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will shake things in the sky and above the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 30 yc2x figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 24 30 tld8 figs-metonymy 0 all the tribes Here "tribes" refers to people. Alternate translation: "all the people of the tribes" or "all the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 31 fl54 0 He will send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet "He will have a trumpet sounded and send his angels" or "He will have an angel blow a trumpet, and he will send his angels" MAT 24 31 rlb4 figs-123person 0 He ... his Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 24 31 wi28 0 they will gather "his angels will gather" MAT 24 31 iq8c 0 his elect These are the people whom the Son of Man has chosen. MAT 24 31 ibw7 figs-parallelism 0 from the four winds, from one end of the sky to the other Both of these mean the same thing. They are idioms that mean "from everywhere." Alternate translation: "from all over the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 24 33 cu5a figs-123person 0 he is near Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "the time for me to come is near" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 24 33 cfz8 figs-metaphor 0 at the very gates "close to the gates." Jesus uses the imagery of a king or important official getting close to the gates of a walled city. It is a metaphor meaning the time for Jesus to come is soon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 34 j8np 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 24 34 gld5 figs-euphemism 0 this generation will not pass away Here "pass away" is a polite way of saying "die." Alternate translation: "this generation will not all die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 24 34 y73t 0 this generation Possible interpretations are 1) "all people alive today," referring to the people alive when Jesus was speaking, or 2) "all people alive when these things I have just told you about happen." Try to translate so that both interpretations are possible. MAT 24 34 fb4k 0 until all of these things will have happened "until God causes all these things to happen" MAT 24 34 r6sk 0 pass away "disappear" or "someday no longer exist" MAT 24 35 i8vv figs-synecdoche 0 Heaven and the earth will pass away The words "heaven" and "earth" are a synecdoche that includes everything that God has created, especially those things that seem permanent. Jesus is saying that his word, unlike these things, is permanent. Alternate translation: "Even heaven and the earth will pass away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 24 35 e6bf figs-metonymy 0 my words will never pass away Here "words" refers to what Jesus has said. Alternate translation: "what I say will always be true" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 36 q4pj figs-metonymy 0 that day and hour Here "day" and "hour" refer to the exact time that the Son of Man will return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 36 wq5r 0 nor the Son "not even the Son" MAT 24 36 p5vu guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 24 36 f4s2 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 24 37 hf51 0 As the days of Noah were, so will be the coming of the Son of Man "At the time when the Son of Man comes, it will be like the time of Noah." MAT 24 37 cpn8 figs-123person 0 Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 24 39 ffa6 0 and they knew nothing This can be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "The people did not realize anything was happening" MAT 24 39 ah5v 0 away—so will be the coming of the Son of Man This can be translated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "away. This is how it will be when the Son of Man comes" MAT 24 40 ksk6 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to tell his disciples to be ready for his return. MAT 24 40 hth3 0 Then This is when the Son of Man comes. MAT 24 40 gt4l figs-activepassive 0 one will be taken, and one will be left Possible meanings are 1) the Son of Man will take one away to heaven and will leave the other on earth for punishment or 2) the angels will take one away for punishment and leave the other for blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 42 j83i 0 Therefore "Because what I have just said is true" MAT 24 42 s6ir 0 be on your guard "pay attention" MAT 24 43 ak6a figs-parables 0 that if the master of the house ... broken into Jesus uses a parable of a master and servants to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 24 43 ki5s figs-metaphor 0 the thief Jesus is saying he will come when people are not expecting him, not that he will come to steal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 43 zs23 0 he would have been on guard "he would have guarded his house" MAT 24 43 lg7i figs-activepassive 0 would not have allowed his house to be broken into This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "would not have allowed anyone to get into his house to steal things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 44 gd17 figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 24 45 jua3 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues his proverb of a master and servants to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. MAT 24 45 f92d figs-rquestion 0 So who is the faithful and wise servant whom his master ... time? Jesus uses this question to make his disciples think. Alternate translation: "So who is the faithful and wise servant? He is the one whom his master ... time." or "Be like the faithful and wise servant, whom his master ... time." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 24 45 lf8d 0 give them their food "give the people in the master's home their food" MAT 24 47 lin7 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 24 48 ek9x writing-proverbs 0 Jesus concludes his proverb of a master and servants to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) MAT 24 48 f9ft figs-metonymy 0 says in his heart Here "heart" refers to the mind. Alternate translation: "thinks in his mind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 24 48 per6 figs-activepassive 0 My master has been delayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My master is slow to return" or "My master will not return for a long time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 50 bz5k figs-parallelism 0 on a day that the servant does not expect and at an hour that he does not know Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that the master will come when the servant is not expecting him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) MAT 24 51 jj2z figs-idiom 0 cut him in pieces This is an idiom that means to make the person suffer terribly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 24 51 pm18 0 assign him a place with the hypocrites "put him with the hypocrites" or "send him to the place where hypocrites are sent" MAT 24 51 rwd5 translate-symaction 0 there will be weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" here is a symbolic act, representing extreme suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "people will weep and grind their teeth because of their suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 25 intro qe8a 0 # Matthew 25 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues the teaching of the previous chapter.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The parable of the ten virgins<br><br>Jesus told the parable of the ten virgins ([Matthew 25:1-13](./01.md)) to tell his followers to be ready for him to return. His hearers could understand the parable because they knew Jewish wedding customs.<br><br>When the Jews arranged marriages, they would plan for the wedding to take place weeks or months later. At the proper time, the young man would go to his bride's house, where she would be waiting for him. The wedding ceremony would take place, and then the man and his bride would travel to his home, where there would be a feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br> MAT 25 1 em28 figs-parables 0 Jesus tells a parable about wise and foolish virgins to illustrate that his disciples should be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 25 1 pg5i figs-metonymy 0 the kingdom of heaven will be like Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. The phrase "kingdom of heaven" is used only in Matthew. If possible, use "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: "when our God in heaven shows himself to be king, it will be like" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 25 1 uhj1 0 lamps These could have been 1) lamps or 2) torches made by putting cloth around the end of a stick and wetting the cloth with oil. MAT 25 2 c8nf 0 Five of them "Five of the virgins" MAT 25 3 b37a 0 did not take any oil with them "had with them only the oil in their lamps" MAT 25 5 r458 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Jesus starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 25 5 pvh4 figs-activepassive 0 while the bridegroom was delayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "while the bridegroom was taking a long time to arrive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 5 qf4b 0 they all got sleepy "all ten virgins got sleepy" MAT 25 6 ufp2 0 there was a cry "someone shouted" MAT 25 7 a3mz figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 25 7 ni6u 0 trimmed their lamps "adjusted their lamps so they would burn brightly" MAT 25 8 tsh4 figs-nominaladj 0 The foolish said to the wise These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "The foolish virgins said to the wise virgins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 25 8 i1r7 figs-idiom 0 our lamps are going out This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the fire in our lamps is about to burn out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 25 10 q6q9 figs-parables 0 Jesus concludes the parable about the ten virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 25 10 rfh6 0 they went away "the five foolish virgins went away" MAT 25 10 jej8 figs-ellipsis 0 to buy The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "to buy more oil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 10 t229 0 those who were ready These are the virgins who had extra oil. MAT 25 10 g29i figs-activepassive 0 the door was shut This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the servants shut the door" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 11 e5pz figs-explicit 0 open for us This implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "open the door for us so we can come inside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 25 12 z5u1 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what the master says next. MAT 25 12 h4a8 0 I do not know you "I do not know who you are." This is the end of the parable. MAT 25 13 hn7w figs-metonymy 0 you do not know the day or the hour Here "day" and "hour" refer to an exact time. The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "you do not know the exact time when the Son of Man will return" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 25 14 cn21 figs-parables 0 Jesus tells a parable about faithful and unfaithful servants to illustrate that his disciples should remain faithful during his absence and be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 25 14 zqi2 0 it is like The word "it" here refers to the kingdom of heaven ([Matthew 13:24](../13/24.md)). MAT 25 14 wv71 0 was about to go "was ready to go" or "was to go soon" MAT 25 14 vhw1 0 gave over to them his wealth "put them in charge of his wealth" MAT 25 14 fmb3 0 his wealth "his property" MAT 25 15 i81u translate-bmoney 0 five talents "five talents of gold." Avoid translating this into modern money. A "talent" of gold was worth twenty years' wages. The parable is contrasting the relative amounts of five, two, and one, as well as the large amount of wealth involved. Alternate translation: "five bags of gold" or "five bags of gold, each worth 20 years' wages" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 15 vyj2 figs-ellipsis 0 to another he gave two ... gave one talent The word "talents" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "to another he gave two talents of gold ... gave one talent of gold" or "to another he gave two bags of gold ... gave one bag of gold" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 15 d87u figs-explicit 0 according to his own ability The implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "according to each servant's skill in managing wealth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 25 16 qkr2 0 made another five talents "out of his investments, he earned another five talents" MAT 25 17 m2l8 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 17 u4vs 0 made another two "earned another two talents" MAT 25 19 ik5q figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 19 vc9p 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Jesus starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 25 20 adz4 0 I have made five talents more "I have earned five more talents" MAT 25 20 ttf7 translate-bmoney 0 talents A "talent" was worth twenty years' wages. Avoid translating this into modern money. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:15](../25/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 21 l5mg 0 Well done "You have done well" or "You have done right." Your culture might have an expression that a master (or someone in authority) would use to show that he approves of what his servant (or someone under him) has done. MAT 25 21 d2s9 figs-idiom 0 Enter into the joy of your master The phrase "Enter into the joy" is an idiom. Also, the master is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "Come and be happy with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 25 22 yhi1 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 22 n2xc 0 I have made two more talents "I have earned two more talents" MAT 25 23 hsb6 0 Well done "You have done well" or "You have done right." Your culture might have an expression that a master (or someone in authority) would use to show that he approves of what his servant (or someone under him) has done. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:21](../25/21.md). MAT 25 23 plv7 figs-idiom 0 Enter into the joy of your master The phrase "Enter into the joy" is an idiom. Also, the master is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "Come and be happy with me" See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:21](../25/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 25 24 ial6 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 24 m8an figs-parallelism 0 You reap where you did not sow, and you harvest where you did not scatter The words "reap where you did not sow" and "harvest where you did not scatter" mean the same thing. They refer to a farmer who gathers crops that other people have planted. The servant uses this metaphor to accuse the master of taking what rightfully belongs to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 25 24 au9f 0 scatter "scatter seed." This refers to sowing seed by gently throwing handfuls of it onto the soil. MAT 25 25 wl5c 0 See, you have here what belongs to you "Look, here is what is yours" MAT 25 26 hj83 figs-parables 0 Jesus continues telling a parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) MAT 25 26 l3jz 0 You wicked and lazy servant, you knew "You are a wicked servant who does not want to work. You knew" MAT 25 26 he3h figs-parallelism 0 I reap where I have not sowed and harvest where I have not scattered The words "reap where I have not sowed" and "harvest where I have not scattered" mean the same thing. They refer to a farmer who gathers crops that people who work for him have planted. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:24](../25/24.md), where the servant uses these words to accuse the farmer. The readers should understand that the farmer is acknowledging that he does indeed gather what others have planted but is saying that he is right to do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 25 27 rhg9 figs-ellipsis 0 received back my own The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "received back my own money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 27 n7jd 0 interest payment from the banker for the temporary use of the master's money MAT 25 28 qm6x figs-parables 0 Jesus concludes the parable about the servants and the talents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 28 paw8 0 take away the talent The master is speaking to other servants. MAT 25 28 b1ge translate-bmoney 0 talent A "talent" was worth twenty years' wages. Avoid translating this into modern money. See how you translated this in [Matthew 25:15](../25/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) MAT 25 29 e5py figs-explicit 0 who possesses It is implied that the person who possesses something also uses it wisely. Alternate translation: "who uses well what he has" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 25 29 r7lv 0 even more abundantly "even much more" MAT 25 29 pcr5 figs-explicit 0 from anyone who does not possess anything It is implied that the person does possess something but he does not use it wisely. Alternate translation: "from anyone does not use well what he has" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 25 29 mdc1 figs-activepassive 0 will be taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will take away" or "I will take away" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 30 c2vb figs-metonymy 0 the outer darkness Here "outer darkness" is a metonym for the place where God sends those who reject them. This is a place that is completely separated from God forever. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "the dark place away from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 25 30 zy3k translate-symaction 0 weeping and grinding of teeth "Grinding of teeth" is symbolic action, representing extreme sadness and suffering. See how you translated this in [Matthew 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: "weeping and expressing their extreme suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 25 31 qtg6 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to tell his disciples how he will judge people when he returns at the end time. MAT 25 31 e7um figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 25 32 f2w9 figs-activepassive 0 Before him will be gathered all the nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "He will gather all the nations before him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 32 kd14 0 Before him "In front of him" MAT 25 32 ndf5 figs-metonymy 0 all the nations Here "nations" refers to people. Alternate translation: "all people from every country" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 25 32 nk18 figs-simile 0 as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats Jesus uses a simile to describe how he will separate the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 25 33 pbq9 figs-metaphor 0 He will place the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on his left This is a metaphor that means the Son of Man will separate all people. He will put the righteous people at his right side, and he will put the sinners at his left side. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 25 34 t8pp figs-123person 0 the King ... his right hand Here, "the King" is another title for the Son of Man. Jesus was referring to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the King, ... my right hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 25 34 ze81 figs-activepassive 0 Come, you who have been blessed by my Father This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Come, you whom my Father has blessed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 34 h2k9 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 25 34 b57r figs-activepassive 0 inherit the kingdom prepared for you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "inherit the kingdom that God has made ready for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 34 yj1p figs-metonymy 0 inherit the kingdom prepared for you Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "receive the blessings of God's rule that he has planned to give you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 25 34 cdi8 0 from the foundation of the world "since he first created the world" MAT 25 37 yh3p figs-nominaladj 0 the righteous This can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 25 37 cs5d figs-ellipsis 0 Or thirsty The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Or when did we see you thirsty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 38 h52x figs-ellipsis 0 Or naked This is the end of a series of questions that begins in verse 37. The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Or when did we see you naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 40 m6mi figs-123person 0 the King This is another title for the Son of Man. Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 25 40 i2aq 0 say to them "say to those at his right hand" MAT 25 40 mhe2 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This emphasizes what the King says next. MAT 25 40 acs3 0 one of the least "one of the least important" MAT 25 40 nh4y figs-gendernotations 0 these brothers of mine Here "brothers" refers to anyone, male or female, who obeys the King. Alternate translation: "my brothers and sisters here" or "these who are like my brothers and sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) MAT 25 40 k4hb 0 you did it for me "I consider that you did it for me" MAT 25 41 z1nh figs-123person 0 Then he will "Then the King will." Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 25 41 pr8n 0 you cursed "you people whom God has cursed" MAT 25 41 hqf5 figs-activepassive 0 the eternal fire that has been prepared This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the eternal fire that God has prepared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 25 41 g51u 0 his angels his helpers MAT 25 43 g6ec figs-ellipsis 0 naked, but you did not clothe me The words "I was" preceding "naked" are understood. Alternate translation: "I was naked, but you did not give me clothes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 43 tq4x figs-ellipsis 0 sick and in prison The words "I was" preceding "sick" are understood. Alternate translation: "I was sick and in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 44 f3dc 0 General Information: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 23:1](../23/01.md), where Jesus teaches about salvation and the final judgment. MAT 25 44 zyc5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes telling his disciples how he will judge people when he returns at the end time. MAT 25 44 hiy6 0 they will also answer "those on his left will also answer" MAT 25 45 nm2e 0 for one of the least of these "for any of the least important ones of my people" MAT 25 45 whu5 0 you did not do for me "I consider that you did not do it for me" or "I was really the one whom you did not help" MAT 25 46 m6me 0 These will go away into eternal punishment "The King will send these to a place where they will receive punishment that never ends" MAT 25 46 nj72 figs-ellipsis 0 but the righteous into eternal life The understood information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "but the King will send the righteous to the place where they will live forever with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 25 46 kq5b figs-nominaladj 0 the righteous This nominative adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "the righteous people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 26 intro mtq8 0 # Matthew 26 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 26:31, which is words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Sheep<br>Sheep are a common image used in Scripture to refer to the people of Israel. In [Matthew 26:31](../../mat/26/31.md), however, Jesus used the words "the sheep" to refer to his disciples and to say that they would run away when he was arrested.<br><br>##### Passover<br>The Passover festival was when the Jews would celebrate the day God killed the firstborn sons of the Egyptians but "passed over" the Israelites and let them live.<br><br>##### The eating of the body and blood<br>[Matthew 26:26-28](./26.md) describes Jesus' last meal with his followers. At this time, Jesus told them that what they were eating and drinking were his body and his blood. Nearly all Christian churches celebrate "the Lord's Supper," the "Eucharist", or "Holy Communion" to remember this meal.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Judas' kiss for Jesus<br>[Matthew 26:49](../../mat/26/49.md) describes how Judas kissed Jesus so the soldiers would know whom to arrest. The Jews would kiss each other when they greeted each other.<br><br>##### "I am able to destroy the temple of God"<br>Two men accused Jesus of saying that he could destroy the temple in Jerusalem and then rebuild it "in three days" ([Matthew 26:61](../../mat/26/61.md)). They were accusing him of insulting God by claiming that God had given him the authority to destroy the temple and the power to rebuild it. What Jesus actually said was that if the Jewish authorities were to destroy this temple, he would certainly raise it up in three days ([John 2:19](../../jhn/02/19.md)).<br> MAT 26 1 t5mz 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story that tells of Jesus' crucifixion, death, and resurrection. Here he tells his disciples how he will suffer and die. MAT 26 1 i35c 0 It came about that when "After" or "Then, after." This phrase shifts the story from Jesus' teachings to what happened next. MAT 26 1 xiv4 0 all these words This refers to all that Jesus taught starting in [Matthew 24:3](../24/03.md). MAT 26 2 g4lh figs-activepassive 0 the Son of Man will be delivered up to be crucified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "some men will take the Son of Man to other people who will crucify him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 2 r9px figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 26 3 wew3 writing-background 0 These verses give background information about the Jewish leaders' plot to arrest and kill Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 26 3 eps8 figs-activepassive 0 were gathered together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "came together" or "met together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 4 hi4x 0 Jesus stealthily "Jesus secretly" MAT 26 5 u4fh figs-ellipsis 0 Not during the feast What the leaders did not want to do during the feast can be made clearer. Alternate translation: "We should not kill Jesus during the feast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 26 5 s9p7 0 the feast This is the yearly Passover feast. MAT 26 6 v2up 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of a woman pouring expensive oil on Jesus before his death. MAT 26 6 zq3j 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 26 6 hg3s figs-explicit 0 Simon the leper It is implied that this is a man whom Jesus had healed from leprosy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 26 7 ukb9 0 he was reclining "Jesus was lying on his side." You can use your language's word for the position people usually are in when they eat. MAT 26 7 yxf8 0 a woman came to him "a woman came to Jesus" MAT 26 7 bhs8 translate-unknown 0 alabaster jar This is a costly container made of soft stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) MAT 26 7 yu67 0 ointment oil that has a pleasing smell MAT 26 7 ea5e 0 she poured it upon his head The woman does this to honor Jesus. MAT 26 8 vit4 figs-rquestion 0 What is the reason for this waste? The disciples ask this question out of their anger over the woman's actions. Alternate translation: "This woman has done a bad thing by wasting this ointment!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 9 y83e figs-activepassive 0 This could have been sold for a large amount and given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "She could have sold this for a large amount of money and given the money" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 9 f76h figs-nominaladj 0 to the poor Here "the poor" can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "to poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 26 10 pfv1 figs-rquestion 0 Why are you troubling this woman? Jesus asks this question as a rebuke of his disciples. Alternate translation: "You should not be troubling this woman!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 10 fg3v figs-you 0 Why are you All occurrences of "you" are plural and refer to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 26 11 wsp9 figs-nominaladj 0 the poor This can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "poor people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) MAT 26 12 vk5w 0 ointment This is oil that has a pleasing smell. See how you translated this in [Matthew 26:7](../26/07.md). MAT 26 13 xs1w 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 26 13 g45l figs-activepassive 0 wherever this good news is preached This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "wherever people preach this good news" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 13 s12m figs-activepassive 0 what this woman has done will also be spoken of in memory of her This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will remember what this woman has done and will tell others about her" or "people will remember what this woman has done and will tell others about her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 14 i3dy 0 Connecting Statement: Judas Iscariot agrees to help the Jewish leaders arrest and kill Jesus. MAT 26 15 es4b 0 to deliver him to you "to bring Jesus to you" MAT 26 15 x7zx 0 thirty pieces of silver Since these words are the same as those in an Old Testament prophecy, keep this form instead of changing it to modern money. MAT 26 15 lyl7 translate-numbers 0 thirty pieces "30 pieces" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 26 16 w1e4 0 to deliver him to them "to give him over to them" MAT 26 17 e7wc 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus celebrating the Passover with his disciples. MAT 26 17 f3s2 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 26 18 hc78 figs-quotesinquotes 0 He said, "Go into the city to a certain man and say to him, 'The Teacher says, "My time is at hand. I will keep the Passover at your house with my disciples."'" This has quotations within quotations. You can state some of the direct quotations as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "He told his disciples to go into the city to a certain man and tell him that the Teacher says to him, 'My time is at hand. I will keep the Passover at your house with my disciples.'" or "He told his disciples to go into the city to a certain man and say to him that the Teacher's time is at hand and he will keep the Passover with his disciples at that man's house." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 26 18 r4tg 0 My time Possible meanings are 1) "The time that I told you about" or 2) "The time God has set for me." MAT 26 18 a4i5 figs-idiom 0 is at hand Possible meanings are 1) "is near" or 2) "has come." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 18 j9pz 0 keep the Passover "eat the Passover meal" or "celebrate the Passover by eating the special meal" MAT 26 20 bga4 0 he sat down to eat Use the word for the position people in your culture usually are in when they eat. MAT 26 21 ehx6 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 26 22 n12r figs-rquestion 0 Surely not I, Lord? "I am surely not the one, am I, Lord?" Possible meanings are 1) this is a rhetorical question since the apostles were sure they would not betray Jesus. Alternate translation: "Lord, I would never betray you!" or 2) this was a sincere question since Jesus' statement probably troubled and confused them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 24 n7dw figs-123person 0 The Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 26 24 x2n9 figs-euphemism 0 will go Here "go" is a polite way to refer to dying. Alternate translation: "will go to his death" or "will die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 26 24 vix3 figs-activepassive 0 just as it is written about him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "just as the prophets wrote about him in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 24 hai5 figs-activepassive 0 that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the man who betrays the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 25 vpq1 figs-rquestion 0 Is it I, Rabbi? "Rabbi, am I the one who will betray you?" Judas may be using a rhetorical question to deny that he is the one who will betray Jesus. Alternate translation: "Rabbi, surely I am not the one who will betray you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 25 y9lk figs-idiom 0 You have said it yourself This is an idiom that Jesus uses to mean "yes" without being completely clear about what he means. Alternate translation: "You are saying it" or "You are admitting it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 26 qh16 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus institutes the Lord's Supper as he celebrates the Passover with his disciples. MAT 26 26 mr5u 0 took ... blessed ... broke See how you translated these words in [Matthew 14:19](../14/19.md). MAT 26 27 jd53 0 He took Translate "took" as you did in [Matthew 14:19](../14/19.md). MAT 26 27 tn39 figs-metonymy 0 a cup Here "cup" refers to the cup and the wine in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 26 27 zb1i 0 gave it to them "gave it to the disciples" MAT 26 27 a9me 0 Drink it "Drink the wine from this cup" MAT 26 28 l55a 0 For this is my blood "For this wine is my blood" MAT 26 28 ct81 0 blood of the covenant "blood that shows that the covenant is in effect" or "blood that makes the covenant possible" MAT 26 28 bms3 figs-activepassive 0 is poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will soon flow out of my body" or "will flow out of my wounds when I die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 29 l556 0 I say to you This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 26 29 h85b figs-idiom 0 fruit of the vine This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 29 q8zs figs-metonymy 0 in my Father's kingdom Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "when my Father establishes his rule on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 26 29 m9vq guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father's This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 26 30 nzy2 0 General Information: In verse 31, Jesus quotes the prophet Zechariah to show that in order to fulfill prophecy, all of his disciples will leave him. MAT 26 30 nkw2 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to teach his disciples as they walk to the Mount of Olives. MAT 26 30 ed5k 0 hymn a song of praise to God MAT 26 31 v8yl 0 fall away "leave me" MAT 26 31 iap6 figs-activepassive 0 for it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the prophet Zechariah wrote long ago in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 31 u1t5 figs-explicit 0 I will strike Here "I" refers to God. It is implied that God will cause or allow people to harm and kill Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 26 31 mc1e figs-metaphor 0 the shepherd ... sheep of the flock These are metaphors that refer to Jesus and the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 26 31 rvk1 figs-activepassive 0 the sheep of the flock will be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they will scatter all the sheep of the flock" or "the sheep of the flock will run off in all directions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 32 pj2u figs-activepassive 0 after I am raised up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after God raises me up" or "after God brings me back to life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 33 m2un 0 fall away See how you translated this in [Matthew 26:31](../26/31.md). MAT 26 34 sf9x 0 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next. MAT 26 34 ui4y figs-metonymy 0 before the rooster crows Roosters often crow about the time the sun comes up, so the hearers might have understood these words as a metonym for the sun coming up. However, the actual crowing of a rooster is an important part of the story later on, so keep the word "rooster" in the translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 26 34 lx5i 0 rooster a male chicken, a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up MAT 26 34 h66w 0 crows This is the common English word for what a rooster does to make his loud call. MAT 26 34 b2rh 0 you will deny me three times "you will say three times that you are not my follower" MAT 26 36 lm3n 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus praying in Gethsemane. MAT 26 37 ny4m 0 began to become sorrowful "he became very sad" MAT 26 38 gf7k figs-synecdoche 0 My soul is deeply sorrowful Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "I am very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 26 38 c43t figs-idiom 0 even to death This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "and I feel as if I could even die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 39 kcz4 figs-idiom 0 fell on his face He purposely lay face down on the ground to pray. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 39 nuv7 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 My Father This is an important title for God that shows the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 26 39 f254 figs-metaphor 0 let this cup pass from me Jesus speaks of the work that he must do, including dying on the cross, as if it were a bitter liquid that God has commanded him to drink from a cup. The word "cup" is an important word in the New Testament, so try to use an equivalent for that in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 26 39 i7rr figs-metonymy 0 this cup Here "cup" is a metonym that stands for the cup and the contents within it. The contents in the cup are a metaphor for the suffering that Jesus will have to endure. Jesus is asking the Father if it is possible for him not to have to experience the death and suffering that Jesus knows will soon happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 26 39 k5in figs-ellipsis 0 Yet, not as I will, but as you will This can be expressed as a full sentence. Alternate translation: "But do not do what I want; instead, do what you want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 26 40 ev7s figs-you 0 he said to Peter, "What, could you not watch Jesus is speaking to Peter, but the "you" is plural, referring to Peter, James, and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 26 40 c11a figs-rquestion 0 What, could you not watch with me for one hour? Jesus uses a question to scold Peter, James, and John. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you could not stay awake with me for one hour!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 41 buv4 figs-abstractnouns 0 you do not enter into temptation Here the abstract noun "temptation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "no one tempts you to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 26 41 ny5w figs-metonymy 0 The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak Here "spirit" is a metonym that stands for a person's desires to do good. "Flesh" stands for the needs and desires of a person's body. Jesus means that the disciples may have the desire to do what God wants, but as humans they are weak and often fail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) MAT 26 42 pz9l 0 He went away "Jesus went away" MAT 26 42 tqp8 translate-ordinal 0 a second time The first time is described in [Matthew 26:39](./39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 26 42 ch7t guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 My Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 26 42 b6cn figs-metaphor 0 if this cannot pass away unless I drink it "if the only way this can pass away is if I drink it." Jesus speaks of the work that he must do as if it were a bitter liquid that God has commanded him to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 26 42 td6g figs-metaphor 0 if this Here "this" refers to the cup and the contents within it, a metaphor for suffering, as in [Matthew 26:39](../26/39.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 26 42 i135 figs-metaphor 0 unless I drink it "unless I drink from it" or "unless I drink from this cup of suffering." Here "it" refers to the cup and the contents within it, a metaphor for suffering, as in [Matthew 26:39](../26/39.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 26 42 xsk1 figs-activepassive 0 your will be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "may what you want happen" or "do what you want to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 43 lts9 figs-idiom 0 their eyes were heavy This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "they were very sleepy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 44 v3i9 translate-ordinal 0 third time The first time is described in [Matthew 26:39](./39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 26 45 vvp9 figs-rquestion 0 Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? Jesus uses a question to scold the disciples for going to sleep. Alternate translation: "I am disappointed that you are still sleeping and resting!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 45 rw3r figs-idiom 0 the hour is at hand This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "the time has come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 45 g9hi figs-activepassive 0 the Son of Man is being betrayed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone is betraying the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 45 ell4 figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 26 45 g9eb figs-metonymy 0 betrayed into the hands of sinners Here "hands" refers to power or control. Alternate translation: "betrayed into the power of sinners" or "betrayed so that sinners will have power over him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 26 45 yx8v 0 Look "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" MAT 26 47 hsv7 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of when Judas betrayed Jesus and the religious leaders arrested him. MAT 26 47 rlp9 0 While he was still speaking "While Jesus was still speaking" MAT 26 47 e26h 0 clubs large pieces of hard wood for hitting people MAT 26 48 qb4y writing-background 0 Now ... Seize him Here "Now" is used to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew tells background information about Judas and the signal he planned to use to betray Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 26 48 gw8m figs-quotations 0 saying, "Whomever I kiss, he is the one. Seize him." This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "saying that whomever he kissed was the one they should seize." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 26 48 m23z 0 Whomever I kiss "The one I kiss" or "The man whom I kiss" MAT 26 48 nr34 0 kiss This was a respectful way to greet one's teacher. MAT 26 49 uig8 0 he came up to Jesus "Judas came up to Jesus" MAT 26 49 cyb7 0 kissed him "met him with a kiss." Good friends would kiss each other on the cheek, but a disciple would probably kiss his master on the hand to show respect. No one knows for sure how Judas kissed Jesus. MAT 26 50 w3d6 0 Then they came Here "they" refers to the people with clubs and swords that came with Judas and the religious leaders. MAT 26 50 vmd1 0 laid hands on Jesus, and seized him "grabbed Jesus, and arrested him" MAT 26 51 vm6s 0 Behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. MAT 26 52 tj6n figs-metonymy 0 who take up the sword The word "sword" is a metonym for the act of killing someone with a sword. The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "who pick up a sword to kill others" or "who want to kill other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 26 52 w357 0 sword will perish by the sword "sword will die by means of the sword" or "sword—it is with the sword that someone will kill them" MAT 26 53 kgx8 figs-rquestion 0 Do you think that I could not call ... angels? Jesus uses a question to remind the person with the sword that Jesus could stop those who are arresting him. Alternate translation: "Surely you know that I could call ... angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 53 eb7i figs-you 0 Do you think Here "you" is singular and refers to the person with the sword. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 26 53 g3zq guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 my Father This is an important title for God that describes the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 26 53 tfw8 translate-numbers 0 more than twelve legions of angels The word "legion" is a military term that refers to a group of about 6,000 soldiers. Jesus means God would send enough angels to easily stop those who are arresting Jesus. The exact number of angels is not important. Alternate translation: "more than 12 really large groups of angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) MAT 26 54 teq5 figs-rquestion 0 But how then would the scriptures be fulfilled, that this must happen? Jesus uses a question to explain why he is letting these people arrest him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But if I did that, I would not be able to fulfill what God said in the scriptures must happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 55 yf4p figs-rquestion 0 Have you come out with swords and clubs to seize me like a robber? Jesus is using this question to point out the wrong actions of those arresting him. Alternate translation: "You know that I am not a robber, so it is wrong for you to come out to me bringing swords and clubs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 55 q9vq 0 clubs large pieces of hard wood for hitting people MAT 26 55 e8dq figs-explicit 0 in the temple It is implied that Jesus was not in the actual temple. He was in the courtyard around the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 26 56 ygn7 figs-activepassive 0 the writings of the prophets might be fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I would fulfill all that the prophets wrote in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 26 56 i2jp 0 left him If your language has a word that means they left him when they should have stayed with him, use it here. MAT 26 57 f6nj 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus' trial before the council of Jewish religious leaders. MAT 26 58 jui3 0 Peter followed him "Peter followed Jesus" MAT 26 58 isd4 0 courtyard of the high priest an open area near the high priest's house MAT 26 58 v8th 0 He went inside "Peter went inside" MAT 26 59 i8jw 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 26 59 jwz5 0 so that they Here "they" refers to the chief priests and the members of the council. MAT 26 59 u6v9 0 might put him to death "might have a reason to execute him" MAT 26 60 m6n5 0 two came forward "two men came forward" or "two witnesses came forward" MAT 26 61 a8lf writing-quotations 0 This man said, 'I am able to destroy ... days.' If your language does not allow quotes within quotes you can rewrite it as a single quote. Alternate translation: "This man said that he is able to destroy ... days." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 26 61 i5n4 0 This man said "This man Jesus said" MAT 26 61 mbq1 0 in three days "within three days," before the sun goes down three times, not "after three days," after the sun has gone down the third time MAT 26 62 v6j9 0 What is it that they are testifying against you? The chief priest is not asking Jesus for information about what the witnesses said. He is asking Jesus to prove what the witnesses said is wrong. Alternate translation: "What is your response to what the witnesses are testifying against you?" MAT 26 63 mm28 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son of God This is an important title that describes the relationship between the Christ and God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 26 63 lry9 0 the living God Here "living" contrasts the God of Israel to all the false gods and idols that people worshiped. Only the God of Israel is alive and has power to act. See how you translated this in [Matthew 16:16](../16/16.md). MAT 26 64 gi6v figs-idiom 0 You have said it yourself This is an idiom that Jesus uses to mean "yes" without being completely clear about what he means. Alternate translation: "You are saying it" or "You are admitting it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 26 64 zu47 figs-you 0 But I tell you, from now on you Here "you" is plural. Jesus is speaking to the high priest and to the other persons there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 26 64 ll8r 0 from now on you will see the Son of Man Possible meanings are 1) the phrase "from now on" is an idiom that means they will see the Son of Man in his power at some time in the future or 2) the phrase "from now on" means that from the time of Jesus' trial and onward, Jesus is showing himself to be the Messiah who is powerful and victorious. MAT 26 64 b6cb figs-123person 0 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) MAT 26 64 p5px figs-metonymy 0 sitting at the right hand of Power Here "Power" is metonym that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "sitting in the place of honor beside the all-powerful God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 26 64 urp9 0 coming on the clouds of heaven "riding to earth on the clouds of heaven" MAT 26 65 srg6 translate-symaction 0 the high priest tore his clothes Tearing clothing was a sign of anger and sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 26 65 qq51 figs-explicit 0 He has spoken blasphemy The reason the high priest called Jesus' statement blasphemy is probably that he understood Jesus' words in [Matthew 26:64](../26/64.md) as a claim to be equal with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 26 65 t68t figs-rquestion 0 Why do we still need witnesses? The high priest uses this question to emphasize that he and the members of the council do not need to hear from any more witnesses. Alternate translation: "We do not need to hear from any more witnesses!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 26 65 wh4h figs-you 0 now you have heard Here "you" is plural and refers to the members of the council. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 26 67 adc2 0 Then they Possible meanings are 1) "Then some of the men" or 2) "Then the soldiers." MAT 26 67 g1c2 0 spit in his face This was done as an insult. MAT 26 68 f2bj 0 Prophesy to us Here "Prophesy to us" means to tell by means of God's power. It does not mean to tell what will happen in the future. MAT 26 68 b5xe figs-irony 0 you Christ Those hitting Jesus do not really think he is the Christ. They call him this to mock him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 26 69 bsb3 0 General Information: These events happen at the same time as Jesus' trial before the religious leaders. MAT 26 69 h5ts 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of how Peter denies three times that he knows Jesus, as Jesus said he would do. MAT 26 69 y21l 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 26 70 sp1t 0 I do not know what you are talking about Peter was able to understand what the servant girl was saying. He used these words to deny that he had been with Jesus. MAT 26 71 ief5 0 When he went out "When Peter went out" MAT 26 71 gyw8 0 gateway opening in the wall around a courtyard MAT 26 71 s7c4 0 said to those there "said to the people who were sitting there" MAT 26 72 e5xl 0 He again denied it with an oath, "I do not know the man!" "he denied it again by swearing, 'I do not know the man!'" MAT 26 73 hde3 0 one of them "one of those who were with Jesus" MAT 26 73 w8ww 0 for the way you speak gives you away This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "We can tell you are from Galilee because you speak like a Galilean" MAT 26 74 edd8 0 to curse "to call down a curse on himself" MAT 26 74 w87b 0 rooster crowed A rooster is a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up. The sound a rooster makes is called "crowing." See how you translated this in [Matthew 26:34](../26/34.md). MAT 26 75 nx3j figs-quotations 0 Peter remembered the words that Jesus had said, "Before the rooster crows you will deny me three times." This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Peter remembered that Jesus told him that before the rooster crowed, he would deny Jesus three times" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 27 intro deu4 0 # Matthew 27 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### "Delivered him to Pilate the governor"<br><br>The Jewish leaders needed to get permission from Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor, before they could kill Jesus. This was because Roman law did not allow them to kill Jesus themselves. Pilate wanted to set Jesus free, but they wanted him to free a very bad prisoner named Barabbas.<br><br>##### The tomb<br><br>The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Matthew 27:60](../../mat/27/60.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Sarcasm<br><br>The soldiers said, "Hail, King of the Jews!" ([Matthew 27:29](../../mat/27/29.md)) to mock Jesus. They did not think that he was the king of the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])<br> MAT 27 1 hvr4 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus' trial before Pilate. MAT 27 1 qe1s 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 27 1 cm46 figs-explicit 0 plotted against Jesus to put him to death The Jewish leaders were planning how they could convince the Roman leaders to kill Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 3 vzf9 figs-events 0 General Information: This event happened after Jesus' trial in front of the council of Jewish religious leaders, but we do not know if it happened before or during Jesus' trial before Pilate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) MAT 27 3 bk8i 0 Connecting Statement: The author has stopped telling the story of Jesus' trial so he can tell the story of how Judas killed himself. MAT 27 3 qm12 0 Then when Judas If your language has a way of showing that a new story is starting, you may want to use that here. MAT 27 3 v9vj figs-activepassive 0 that Jesus had been condemned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the Jewish leaders had condemned Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 3 pe4n 0 the thirty pieces of silver This was the money that the chief priests had given Judas to betray Jesus. See how you translated it in [Matthew 26:15](../26/15.md). MAT 27 4 f6u8 figs-idiom 0 innocent blood This is an idiom that refers to the death of an innocent person. Alternate translation: "a person who does not deserve to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 27 4 mf6b figs-rquestion 0 What is that to us? The Jewish leaders use this question to emphasize that they do not care about what Judas said. Alternate translation: "That is not our problem!" or "That is your problem!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 27 5 tuh4 0 threw down the pieces of silver in the temple Possible meanings are 1) he threw the pieces of silver while in the temple courtyard, or 2) he was standing in the temple courtyard, and he threw the pieces of silver into the temple. MAT 27 6 r5r9 0 It is not lawful to put this "Our laws do not allow us to put this" MAT 27 6 ce2x 0 put this "put this silver" MAT 27 6 gtp3 figs-explicit 0 the treasury This is the place they kept the money they used to provide for things needed for the temple and the priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 6 j2l8 figs-idiom 0 price of blood This is an idiom that means money paid to a person who helped kill someone. Alternate translation: "money paid for a man to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 27 7 mtg6 0 potter's field This was a field that was bought to bury strangers who died in Jerusalem. MAT 27 8 nts8 figs-activepassive 0 that field has been called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people call that field" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 8 ag2n 0 to this day This means to the time that Matthew is writing this book. MAT 27 9 g1gc 0 General Information: The author quotes Old Testament scripture to show that Judas' suicide was a fulfillment of prophecy. MAT 27 9 rj3u figs-activepassive 0 Then that which had been spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This fulfilled what the prophet Jeremiah spoke" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 9 t1dj figs-activepassive 0 the price set on him by the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the price the people of Israel set on him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 9 d7l7 figs-metonymy 0 the people of Israel This refers to those among the people of Israel who paid to kill Jesus. Alternate translation: "some of the people of Israel" or "the leaders of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 27 10 c2ch 0 directed me Here "me" refers to Jeremiah. MAT 27 11 pjc5 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the story of Jesus' trial before Pilate, which began in [Matthew 27:2](../27/02.md). MAT 27 11 we3a 0 Now If your language has a way of continuing a story after a break from the main story line, you may want to use it here. MAT 27 11 a2e7 0 the governor "Pilate" MAT 27 11 a6cm figs-explicit 0 You say so Possible meanings are 1) by saying this, Jesus implied that he is the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "Yes, as you said, I am" or "Yes. It is as you said" or 2) by saying this, Jesus was saying that Pilate, not Jesus, was the one calling him the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: "You yourself have said so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 12 vl3a figs-activepassive 0 But when he was accused by the chief priests and elders This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But when the chief priests and elders accused him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 13 wn2r figs-rquestion 0 Do you not hear all the charges against you? Pilate asks this question because he is surprised that Jesus remains silent. Alternate translation: "I am surprised that you do not answer these people who accuse you of doing bad things!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) MAT 27 14 hbm8 0 did not answer even one word, so that the governor was greatly amazed "did not say even one word; this greatly amazed the governor." This is an emphatic way of saying that Jesus was completely silent. MAT 27 15 jjp8 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line so Matthew can give information to help the reader understand what happens beginning in [Matthew 27:17](../27/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 27 15 p1ha 0 the feast This is the feast for the Passover celebration. MAT 27 15 pfk6 figs-activepassive 0 prisoner chosen by the crowd This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "prisoner whom the crowd would choose" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 16 q2iu 0 they had a notorious prisoner "there was a notorious prisoner" MAT 27 16 svr2 0 notorious well known for doing something bad MAT 27 17 d8hv figs-activepassive 0 they were gathered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the crowd gathered" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 17 wrl3 figs-activepassive 0 Jesus who is called Christ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom some people call the Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 18 jq3c 0 they had handed Jesus over to him "the Jewish leaders had brought Jesus to him." They had done this so that Pilate would judge Jesus. MAT 27 19 t3mx 0 While he was sitting "While Pilate was sitting" MAT 27 19 s5pc 0 sitting on the judgment seat "sitting on the judge's seat." This is where a judge would sit while making a decision. MAT 27 19 w4i8 0 sent word "sent a message" MAT 27 19 an95 0 I have suffered much today "I have been very upset today" MAT 27 20 ax1i writing-background 0 Now ... Jesus killed Here "now" is used to mark a break in the main story line. Matthew tells background information about why the crowd chose Barabbas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) MAT 27 20 et2m figs-activepassive 0 have Jesus killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "have the Roman soldiers kill Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 21 x6vf 0 asked them "asked the crowd" MAT 27 22 zl85 figs-activepassive 0 who is called Christ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom some people call the Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 23 m5jm 0 has he done "has Jesus done" MAT 27 23 nb7p 0 they cried out "the crowd cried out" MAT 27 24 yj8t translate-symaction 0 washed his hands in front of the crowd Pilate does this as a sign that he is not responsible for Jesus' death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 27 24 u1fe figs-metonymy 0 the blood Here "blood" refers to a person's death. Alternate translation: "the death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 27 24 de8w 0 See to it yourselves "This is your responsibility" MAT 27 25 n5k1 figs-metonymy 0 May his blood be on us and our children Here "blood" is a metonym that stands for a person's death. The phrase "be on us and our children" is an idiom that means they accept the responsibility of what is happening. Alternate translation: "Yes! We and our descendants will be responsible for executing him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 27 26 yb5y 0 Then he released Barabbas to them "Then Pilate released Barabbas to the crowd" MAT 27 26 m63d figs-explicit 0 he scourged Jesus and handed him over to be crucified It is implied that Pilate ordered his soldiers to scourge Jesus. Handing Jesus over to be crucified is a metaphor for ordering his soldiers to crucify Jesus. Alternate translation: "he ordered his soldiers to scourge Jesus and to crucify him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] ) MAT 27 26 y3kf 0 scourged Jesus "beat Jesus with a whip" or "whipped Jesus" MAT 27 27 zz45 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus' crucifixion and death. MAT 27 27 bn22 0 company of soldiers "group of soldiers" MAT 27 28 nx81 0 stripped him "pulled off his clothes" MAT 27 28 qsz5 0 scarlet bright red MAT 27 29 yw94 0 a crown of thorns "a crown made of thorny branches" or "a crown made of branches with thorns on them" MAT 27 29 dlz7 0 a staff in his right hand They gave Jesus a stick to hold to represent a scepter that a king holds. They did this to mock Jesus. MAT 27 29 qf8j figs-irony 0 Hail, King of the Jews They were saying this to mock Jesus. They were calling Jesus "King of the Jews," but they did not really believe he was a king. And yet what they were saying was true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 27 29 gf6a 0 Hail "We honor you" or "May you live a long time" MAT 27 30 ib5q 0 They spat on him "using their spit, the soldiers spat on Jesus" MAT 27 32 j5wq figs-explicit 0 As they came out This means Jesus and the soldiers came out of the city. Alternate translation: "As they came out of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 32 ies4 0 they found a man "the soldiers saw a man" MAT 27 32 sfj2 0 whom they forced to go with them so that he might carry his cross "whom the soldiers forced to go with them so that he could carry Jesus' cross" MAT 27 33 j6hb figs-activepassive 0 place called Golgotha This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "place that people called Golgotha" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 34 f11j figs-activepassive 0 him wine to drink mixed with gall This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "him wine, which they had mixed with gall" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 34 e2uk 0 gall the bitter, yellow liquid that bodies use in digestion MAT 27 35 a1y1 figs-explicit 0 his garments These were the clothes Jesus had been wearing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 37 j4s4 0 the charge against him "a written explanation of why he was being crucified" MAT 27 38 zq4b figs-activepassive 0 Two robbers were crucified with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The soldiers crucified two robbers with Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 39 d4fm translate-symaction 0 shaking their heads They did this to make fun of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) MAT 27 40 t23i figs-explicit 0 If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross They did not believe that Jesus is the Son of God, so they wanted him to prove it if it was true. Alternate translation: "If you are the Son of God, prove it by coming down from the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 40 b5lw guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 the Son of God This is an important title for the Christ that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 27 42 ff4d figs-irony 0 He saved others, but he cannot save himself Possible meanings are 1) the Jewish leaders do not believe that Jesus saved others or that he can save himself, or 2) they believe he did save others but are laughing at him because now he cannot save himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 27 42 j6l7 figs-irony 0 He is the King of Israel The leaders are mocking Jesus. They call him "King of Israel," but they do not really believe he is king. Alternate translation: "He says that he is the King of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) MAT 27 43 w46n 0 Connecting Statement: The Jewish leaders continue mocking Jesus. MAT 27 43 cl97 figs-quotesinquotes 0 For he even said, 'I am the Son of God.' This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "For Jesus even said that he is the Son of God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 27 43 uw85 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 27 44 e26y figs-activepassive 0 the robbers who were crucified with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the robbers that the soldiers crucified with Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 45 e7z4 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 27 45 s2l7 0 from the sixth hour ... until the ninth hour "from about noon ... for three hours" or "from about twelve o'clock midday ... until about three o'clock in the afternoon" MAT 27 45 pi8e figs-abstractnouns 0 darkness came over the whole land The word "darkness" is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: "it became dark over the whole land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) MAT 27 46 qyp7 0 Jesus cried "Jesus called out" or "Jesus shouted" MAT 27 46 xub2 translate-transliterate 0 Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani These words are what Jesus cried out in his own language. Translators usually leave these words as is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]]) MAT 27 48 jm37 0 one of them Possible meanings are 1) one of the soldiers or 2) one of those who stood by and watched. MAT 27 48 bsy1 0 sponge This is a sea animal that is harvested and used to take up and hold liquids. These liquids can later be pushed out. MAT 27 48 ny3e 0 gave it to him "gave it to Jesus" MAT 27 50 fj1v figs-euphemism 0 gave up his spirit Here "spirit" refers to that which gives life to a person. This phrase is a way of saying that Jesus died. Alternate translation: "he died, giving his spirit over to God" or "he breathed his last breath" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 27 51 w1wq 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of the events that happened when Jesus died. MAT 27 51 a92g 0 Behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. MAT 27 51 m1ic figs-activepassive 0 the curtain of the temple was split in two This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the curtain of the temple tore in two" or "God caused the curtain of the temple to tear in two" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 52 a1cu figs-activepassive 0 The tombs were opened, and the bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God opened the tombs and raised the bodies of many godly people who had died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 52 kj3r figs-idiom 0 the bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised Here to raise is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "God put life back into to the dead bodies of many godly people who had fallen asleep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) MAT 27 52 hgn1 figs-euphemism 0 fallen asleep This is a polite way of referring to dying. Alternate translation: "died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) MAT 27 53 q2x5 0 They came out ... appeared to many The order of the events that Matthew describes (beginning with the words "The tombs were opened" in verse 52) is unclear. After the earthquake when Jesus died and the tombs were opened 1) the holy people came back to life, and then, after Jesus came back to life, the holy people entered Jerusalem, where many people saw them, or 2) Jesus came back to life, and then the holy ones came back to life and entered the city, where many people saw them. MAT 27 54 f6rz 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 27 54 vv2g figs-explicit 0 those who were watching Jesus "those who were guarding Jesus." This refers to the other soldiers who were guarding Jesus with the centurion. Alternate translation: "the other soldiers with him who were guarding Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 54 gw6n guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 27 56 ud33 0 the mother of the sons of Zebedee "the mother of James and John" or "the wife of Zebedee" MAT 27 57 wm5z 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus' burial. MAT 27 57 sy9y translate-names 0 Arimathea This is the name of a city in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) MAT 27 58 c69n figs-activepassive 0 Then Pilate ordered it to be given to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Then Pilate ordered the soldiers to give the body of Jesus to Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 59 kj7u 0 linen a fine, costly cloth MAT 27 60 hvs8 figs-explicit 0 that he had cut into the rock It is implied that Joseph had workers who cut the tomb into the rock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 60 lt4k figs-explicit 0 Then he rolled a large stone Most likely Joseph had other people there to help him roll the stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 27 61 ihr8 0 opposite the tomb "across from the tomb" MAT 27 62 qj59 0 the Preparation This is the day that people got everything ready for the Sabbath. MAT 27 62 j57n 0 were gathered together with Pilate "met with Pilate" MAT 27 63 sc6y 0 when that deceiver was alive "when Jesus, the deceiver, was alive" MAT 27 63 ri5s figs-quotesinquotes 0 he said, 'After three days will I rise again.' This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "he said that after three days he will rise again." or "he said that after three day he would rise again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 27 64 b8n2 figs-activepassive 0 command that the tomb be made secure This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "command your soldiers to guard the tomb" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 27 64 hbh8 translate-ordinal 0 the third day (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) MAT 27 64 pwc8 0 his disciples may come and steal him "his disciples may come and steal his body" MAT 27 64 t78s figs-quotesinquotes 0 his disciples may ... say to the people, 'He has risen from the dead,' and This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "his disciples may ... tell the people that he has risen from the dead, and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 27 64 c7bf 0 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them speaks of becoming alive again. MAT 27 64 u5tg figs-ellipsis 0 and the last deception will be worse than the first The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "and if they deceive people by saying that, it will be worse than the way he deceived people before when he said that he was the Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 27 65 dkq9 0 a guard This consisted of four to sixteen Roman soldiers. MAT 27 66 pk1q 0 sealing the stone Possible meanings are 1) they put a cord around the stone and attached it to the rock wall on either side of the entrance to the tomb or 2) they put seals between the stone and the wall. MAT 27 66 e8uf 0 placing the guard "telling the soldiers to stand where they could keep people from tampering with the tomb" MAT 28 intro psw9 0 # Matthew 28 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### The tomb<br><br>The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Matthew 28:1](../../mat/28/01.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter.<br><br>##### "Make disciples"<br><br>The last two verses ([Matthew 28:19-20](./19.md)) are commonly known as "The Great Commission" because they contain a very important command given to all Christians. Christians are to "make disciples" by going to people, sharing the gospel with them and training them to live as Christians.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### An angel of the Lord<br><br>Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the women at Jesus' tomb. Two of the authors called them men, but that is only because the angels looked human. Two of the authors wrote about two angels, but the other two authors wrote about only one of them. It is best to translate each of these passages as it appears in the ULT without trying to make the passages all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 28:1-2](../../mat/28/01.md) and [Mark 16:5](../../mrk/16/05.md) and [Luke 24:4](../../luk/24/04.md) and [John 20:12](../../jhn/20/12.md))<br> MAT 28 1 anr1 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead. MAT 28 1 qkn8 0 Now late on the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week "After the Sabbath ended, as the sun came up on Sunday morning" MAT 28 1 gs43 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 28 1 zu2b 0 the other Mary "the other woman named Mary." This is Mary the mother of James and Joseph ([Matthew 27:56](../27/56.md)). MAT 28 2 j25i 0 Behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 28 2 l4s2 0 there was a great earthquake, for an angel of the Lord descended ... and rolled away the stone Possible meanings are 1) the earthquake happened because the angel came down and rolled away the stone or 2) all these events happened at the same time . MAT 28 2 s43v 0 earthquake a sudden and violent shaking of the ground MAT 28 3 vfh4 0 His appearance "The angel's appearance" MAT 28 3 p12y figs-simile 0 was like lightning This is a simile that emphasizes how bright in appearance the angel was. Alternate translation: "was bright like lightning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 28 3 i4hp figs-simile 0 his clothing as white as snow This is a simile that emphasizes how bright and white the angel's clothes were. The verb "was" from the previous phrase can be repeated. Alternate translation: "his clothing was very white, like snow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) MAT 28 4 b1ic figs-simile 0 became like dead men This is a simile that means the soldiers fell down and did not move. Alternate translation: "fell to the ground and lay there like dead men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) MAT 28 5 q8dd 0 the women "Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary" MAT 28 5 tbd8 figs-activepassive 0 who has been crucified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom the people and the soldiers crucified" or "whom they crucified" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 28 7 sp2a figs-quotesinquotes 0 tell his disciples, 'He has risen from the dead. See, he is going ahead of you to Galilee. There you will see him.' This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "tell his disciples that he has risen from the dead and that Jesus has gone ahead of you to Galilee where you will see him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 28 7 r5cw 0 He has risen "He has come back to life" MAT 28 7 a1ir 0 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them speaks of becoming alive again. MAT 28 7 ljb2 figs-you 0 going ahead of you ... you will see him Here "you" is plural. It refers to the women and the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 28 7 hf9i figs-you 0 I have told you Here "you" is plural and refers to the women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) MAT 28 8 j2sv 0 The women "Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary" MAT 28 9 s393 0 Behold The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 28 9 n5sz 0 Greetings This is an ordinary greeting, much like "Hello" in English. MAT 28 9 nmg1 0 took hold of his feet "got down on their knees and held onto his feet" MAT 28 10 etk6 0 my brothers This refers to Jesus' disciples. MAT 28 11 u1ae 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of the reaction of the Jewish religious leaders when they heard of Jesus' resurrection. MAT 28 11 ktu5 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Matthew starts to tell a new part of the story. MAT 28 11 mu4l 0 the women Here this refers to Mary Magdalene and the other Mary. MAT 28 11 rnr3 0 behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. MAT 28 12 ht82 0 discussed the matter with them "decided on a plan among themselves." The priests and elders decided to give the money to the soldiers. MAT 28 13 kn8i writing-quotations 0 Say to others, 'Jesus' disciples came ... while we were sleeping.' If your language does not allow quotations within quotations you may translate this as a single quote. Alternate translation: "Tell others that Jesus' disciples came ... while you were sleeping" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 28 14 n8xy 0 If this report reaches the governor "If the governor hears that you were asleep when Jesus' disciples took his body" MAT 28 14 u13q 0 the governor "Pilate" ([Matthew 27:2](../27/02.md)) MAT 28 14 x57k 0 we will persuade him and take any worries away from you "do not worry. We will talk to him so that he does not punish you." MAT 28 15 yu3c figs-activepassive 0 did as they had been instructed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "did what the priests had told them to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 28 15 cp7r 0 This report spread widely among the Jews and continues even today "Many Jews heard this report and continue to tell others about it even today" MAT 28 15 vp3a 0 even today This refers to the time Matthew wrote the book. MAT 28 16 h1ln 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the account of Jesus meeting with his disciples after his resurrection. MAT 28 17 pze9 0 they worshiped him, but some doubted Possible meanings are 1) they all worshiped Jesus even though some of them doubted, or 2) some of them worshiped Jesus, but others did not worship him because they doubted. MAT 28 17 xgr5 figs-explicit 0 but some doubted It can be stated explicitly what the disciples doubted. Alternate translation: "some doubted that he was really Jesus and that he had become alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MAT 28 18 v37p figs-activepassive 0 All authority has been given to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "My Father has given me all authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 28 18 sm35 figs-merism 0 in heaven and on earth Here "heaven" and "earth" are used together to mean everyone and everything in heaven and earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) MAT 28 19 yz6q figs-metonymy 0 of all the nations Here "nations" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "of all the people in every nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 28 19 l5b5 figs-metonymy 0 into the name Here "name" refers to authority. Alternate translation: "by the authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MAT 28 19 kwa3 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples 0 Father ... Son These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) MAT 28 20 mz6f 0 See "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" MAT 28 20 si8z 0 even to the end of the age "until the end of this age" or "until the end of the world"