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@ -2428,7 +2428,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
19:26 qnqz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָ֭ב & אֵ֑ם 1 Solomon implies that **father** and **mother** here refer to the **father** and **mother** of the **One who does violence**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to his father … his mother” or “to that person’s father … that person’s mother”
19:26 lqgg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בֵּ֝֗ן 1 Although **son** is masculine, Solomon is using those words in a generic sense that could refer to either a male or female child. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “is a child”
19:27 sdsu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּ֭נִ⁠י 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [1:8](../01/08.md).
19:27 n4av rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony חַֽדַל & לִ⁠שְׁמֹ֣עַ מוּסָ֑ר לִ֝⁠שְׁג֗וֹת מֵֽ⁠אִמְרֵי־דָֽעַת 1 Here Solomon is using irony. By doing so, Solomon actually means to communicate the opposite of the literal meaning of his words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not cease to hear instruction and you will not stray from the words of knowledge”
19:27 n4av rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony חַֽדַל & לִ⁠שְׁמֹ֣עַ מוּסָ֑ר לִ֝⁠שְׁג֗וֹת מֵֽ⁠אִמְרֵי־דָֽעַת 1 Here Solomon is using irony. By doing so, Solomon actually means to communicate the opposite of the literal meaning of his words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not cease to hear instruction, and you will not stray from the words of knowledge”
19:27 tmrr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מוּסָ֑ר & דָֽעַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **instruction** in [1:2](../01/02.md) and **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
19:27 s24z rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לִ֝⁠שְׁג֗וֹת 1 Here, **to** indicates that what follows is the result of doing what was stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate result. Alternate translation: “and it will result that you stray”
19:27 yn2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִ֝⁠שְׁג֗וֹת מֵֽ⁠אִמְרֵי־דָֽעַת 1 Here Solomon refers to a person straying or wandering from the **words of knowledge** to mean that the person is no longer heeding those **words**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to stop accepting the words of knowledge”
@ -2994,11 +2994,11 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
23:35 r9kx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲבַקְשֶׁ֥⁠נּוּ עֽוֹד 1 The drunk person implies that he will **seek** more wine and drink it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I will seek wine to drink again”
24:intro nl8m 0 # Proverbs 24 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n4. Sayings from wise men (22:17–24:22)\n * Introduction to the sayings (22:17–21)\n * The sayings (22:22–24:22)\n5. More sayings from wise men (24:23–34)\n\n[24:1](../24/01.md)–[22](../24/22.md) finishes the section of 30 sayings by “the wise ones” that began in [22:22](../22/22.md). This section mostly contains longer proverbs, except for [24:7](../24/07.md) and [24:10](../24/10.md).\n\n[24:23](../24/23.md)–[34](../24/34.md) contain an additional short collection of sayings by “the wise ones.” This section contains proverbs of varying lengths, the longest being [24:30](../24/30.md)–[34](../24/34.md).
24:1 d1dq 0 [24:1](../24/01.md)–[2](../24/02.md) is Saying 19 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:1 wcy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּ⁠אַנְשֵׁ֣י רָעָ֑ה 1 Here, the writer is using the possessive form to describe **men** who are characterized by **evil**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “of evil men”
24:1 wcy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּ⁠אַנְשֵׁ֣י רָעָ֑ה 1 Here the writer is using the possessive form to describe **men** who are characterized by **evil**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “of evil men”
24:1 el7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּ⁠אַנְשֵׁ֣י 1 Although the term **men** is masculine, the writer is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “of people of”
24:2 m8px יֶהְגֶּ֣ה לִבָּ֑⁠ם 1 Although **heart** is singular, it refers to all the hearts of the people who plot **violence**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the plural form. Alternate translation: “their hearts plot”
24:2 dw7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לִבָּ֑⁠ם & שִׂפְתֵי⁠הֶ֥ם 1 Here, **hearts** and **lips** refer to the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.
24:2 es5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שֹׁ֭ד 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **violence** in [3:31](../03/31.md).
24:2 es5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שֹׁ֭ד 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **violence** in [3:31](../03/31.md).
24:2 w47q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ֝⁠עָמָ֗ל 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **trouble**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and … what troubles people”
24:3 f9id [24:3](../24/03.md)–[4](../24/04.md) is Saying 20 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:3 hiy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ֭⁠חָכְמָה & וּ֝⁠בִ⁠תְבוּנָ֗ה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **wisdom** and **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
@ -3023,7 +3023,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
24:8 a5cj 0 [24:8](../24/08.md)–[9](../24/09.md) is Saying 23 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:8 qfes rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מְחַשֵּׁ֥ב & ל֝֗⁠וֹ 1 **One who plans** and **him** represent a type of person in general, not a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any person who plans … that person”
24:8 j0if rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְ⁠הָרֵ֑עַ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
24:8 f9l9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בַּֽעַל־מְזִמּ֥וֹת 1 Here, the writer refers to a person who has many **schemes** as **a master of schemes**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a person with many schemes” or “a troublemaker”
24:8 f9l9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בַּֽעַל־מְזִמּ֥וֹת 1 Here the writer refers to a person who has many **schemes** as **an owner of schemes**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a person with many schemes” or “a troublemaker”
24:9 tto5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun זִמַּ֣ת אִוֶּ֣לֶת & לֵֽץ 1 **A scheme of folly** and **a mocker** refer to schemes and mockers in general, not a specific **scheme** or **mocker**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any scheme of folly … any mocker”
24:9 q23j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession זִמַּ֣ת אִוֶּ֣לֶת 1 Here, the writer is using the possessive form to describe a **scheme** that is characterized by **folly**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A scheme characterized by folly”
24:9 f98i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִוֶּ֣לֶת & וְ⁠תוֹעֲבַ֖ת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md) and **abomination** in [3:32](../03/32.md).
@ -3033,10 +3033,10 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
24:10 vioj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְּ⁠י֥וֹם צָרָ֗ה 1 Here, **the day of distress** refers to this type of **day** in general, not a particular **day of distress**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “in any day of distress”
24:10 kxb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠י֥וֹם צָרָ֗ה 1 Here, **day** refers to a point in time when something happens. It does not refer to a 24-hour length of time. See how you translated the same use of **day** in [21:31](../21/31.md).
24:10 xwur rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צָרָ֗ה & כֹּחֶֽ⁠כָה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **distress** in [1:27](../01/27.md) and **strength** in [5:10](../05/10.md).
24:10 dbq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy צַ֣ר 1 Here, the writer refers to **your strength** being restricted or limited as if it were in a **narrow** place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is restrained”
24:10 dbq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy צַ֣ר 1 Here, the writer refers to **your strength** being restricted or limited as if it were **narrow**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is restrained”
24:11 in3v 0 [24:11](../24/11.md)–[12](../24/12.md) is Saying 25 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:11 tqxi rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry הַ֭צֵּל לְקֻחִ֣ים לַ⁠מָּ֑וֶת וּ⁠מָטִ֥ים לַ֝⁠הֶ֗רֶג אִם־תַּחְשֽׂוֹךְ 1 The two clauses in this verse say the same thing, but the phrases in the second clause are in reverse order. This is a literary device called a chiasm. Here, the writer does this in order to emphasize the importance of rescuing these people. See the discussion of chiasms in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md).
24:11 fxjs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְקֻחִ֣ים לַ⁠מָּ֑וֶת וּ⁠מָטִ֥ים לַ֝⁠הֶ֗רֶג 1 The writer implies that these people are wrongfully **taken to the death** and **stagger to the slaughter**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those who are wrongfully take to the death, and those who wrongfully stagger to the slaughter”
24:11 tqxi rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry הַ֭צֵּל לְקֻחִ֣ים לַ⁠מָּ֑וֶת וּ⁠מָטִ֥ים לַ֝⁠הֶ֗רֶג אִם־תַּחְשֽׂוֹךְ 1 The two clauses in this verse say the same thing, but the phrases in the second clause are in reverse order. This is a literary device called a chiasm. Here, the writer uses chiasm to emphasize the importance of rescuing these people. See the discussion of chiasms in the [book introduction](../front/intro.md).
24:11 fxjs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְקֻחִ֣ים לַ⁠מָּ֑וֶת וּ⁠מָטִ֥ים לַ֝⁠הֶ֗רֶג 1 The writer implies that these people are wrongfully **taken to the death** and **stagger to the slaughter**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those who are wrongfully take to the death, and those who stagger to wrongful slaughter”
24:11 xc8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לְקֻחִ֣ים 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “those whom people take”
24:11 n8k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לַ⁠מָּ֑וֶת & לַ֝⁠הֶ֗רֶג 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **death** in [2:18](../02/18.md) and **slaughter** in [7:22](../07/22.md).
24:11 ux7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וּ⁠מָטִ֥ים לַ֝⁠הֶ֗רֶג אִם־תַּחְשֽׂוֹךְ 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “and if only you would hold back those who stagger to the slaughter”
@ -3060,7 +3060,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
24:14 p0q9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מָ֭צָאתָ 1 See how you translated the same use of **find** in [16:20](../16/20.md).
24:14 llvx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠יֵ֣שׁ אַחֲרִ֑ית וְ֝⁠תִקְוָתְ⁠ךָ֗ לֹ֣א תִכָּרֵֽת 1 See how you translated the same clauses in [23:18](../23/18.md).
24:15 i96h 0 [24:15](../24/15.md)–[16](../24/16.md) is Saying 27 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:15 ypq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־תֶּאֱרֹ֣ב רָ֭שָׁע לִ⁠נְוֵ֣ה צַדִּ֑יק 1 Here, the writer implies lying **in wait** in order to attack **the abode of the righteous one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Do not lie in wait like a wicked one to attack the abode of the righteous one”
24:15 ypq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־תֶּאֱרֹ֣ב רָ֭שָׁע לִ⁠נְוֵ֣ה צַדִּ֑יק 1 Here, the writer implies that someone would l**lie in wait** in order to attack **the abode of the righteous one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Do not lie in wait like a wicked one to attack the abode of the righteous one”
24:15 s1ww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָ֭שָׁע & צַדִּ֑יק 1 See how you translated **a wicked one** in [9:9](../09/09.md) and **the righteous one** in [10:3](../10/03.md).
24:16 jrm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שֶׁ֨בַע 1 Here, **seven times** is used to refer to multiple occurrences in general, not specifically **seven**. In Hebrew, **seven** often symbolizes the idea of completion. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “numerous times”
24:16 wh2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּ֣יק 1 See how you translated **a righteous one** in [9:9](../09/09.md).
@ -3068,14 +3068,14 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
24:16 u49k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִכָּשְׁל֥וּ בְ⁠רָעָֽה 1 Here, the writer speaks of someone experiencing **calamity** as if that person stumbled into it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “experience calamity”
24:16 ze9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְ⁠רָעָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **calamity** in [1:26](../01/26.md).
24:17 rpu6 0 [24:17](../24/17.md)–[18](../24/18.md) is Saying 28 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:17 vm5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בִּ⁠נְפֹ֣ל אֽ֭וֹיִבְךָ אַל־תִּשְׂמָ֑ח וּ֝⁠בִ⁠כָּשְׁל֗⁠וֹ אַל־יָגֵ֥ל לִבֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “When your enemy falls, do not be glad, yes, when he stumbles do not let your heart rejoice”
24:17 vm5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בִּ⁠נְפֹ֣ל אֽ֭וֹיִבְךָ אַל־תִּשְׂמָ֑ח וּ֝⁠בִ⁠כָּשְׁל֗⁠וֹ אַל־יָגֵ֥ל לִבֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “When your enemy falls, do not be glad; yes, when he stumbles, do not let your heart rejoice”
24:17 t9ei rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּ⁠נְפֹ֣ל אֽ֭וֹיִבְךָ & וּ֝⁠בִ⁠כָּשְׁל֗⁠וֹ 1 Here, **falls** and **stumbles** both refer to experiencing disaster. See how you translated the same use of **falls** and “stumble” in the previous verse.
24:17 by2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לִבֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 Here, **heart** refers to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [14:10](../14/10.md).
24:18 kg7o rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result פֶּן־יִרְאֶ֣ה יְ֭הוָה 1 Here, **lest** indicates that what follows is the result of doing what the writer prohibited in the previous verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result for not obeying a prohibition. Alternate translation: “otherwise, Yahweh will see”
24:18 vv5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִרְאֶ֣ה יְ֭הוָה 1 Here, **see** refers to perceiving something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh perceive”
24:18 oony rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠רַ֣ע בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 The phrase **evil in his eyes** refers to having a negative opinion about something or someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **in his eyes** in [3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “and he will think negatively of it”
24:18 r4s7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הֵשִׁ֖יב 1 Here, **and** introduces the result of something being **evil in his eyes**. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate result. You may need to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “As a result, he will turn away”
24:18 b18i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠הֵשִׁ֖יב מֵ⁠עָלָ֣י⁠ו אַפּֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, the writer refers to **Yahweh** ceasing to feel something about someone or to do something to someone as if he were turning **his nose** **away** from that person. Here, **nose** could refer to: (1) anger, as in [15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “and he ceases from being angry with him” (2) the punishment **Yahweh** does to someone with whom he is angry. Alternate translation: “and he ceases punishing him”
24:18 b18i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠הֵשִׁ֖יב מֵ⁠עָלָ֣י⁠ו אַפּֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, the writer refers to **Yahweh** ceasing to feel something about someone or to do something to someone as if he were turning **away his nose** from that person. Here, **nose** could refer to: (1) anger, as in [15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “and he ceases from being angry with him” (2) the punishment **Yahweh** applies to someone with whom he is angry. Alternate translation: “and he ceases punishing him”
24:19 pz3e 0 [24:19](../24/19.md)–[20](../24/20.md) is Saying 29 of the 30 “words of the wise ones.”
24:19 f156 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אַל־תִּתְחַ֥ר 1 Here, **hot** refers to an intense emotion, which causes a person’s body to become **hot**. This emotion could be: (1) worry or anxiety. Alternate translation: “Do not make yourself fret” (2) anger, as does “heat” in [6:34](../06/34.md). Alternate translation: “Do not make yourself angry”
24:20 dbvo rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֤י 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is a reason for the commands in the previous verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “Do not do these things because”
@ -3088,10 +3088,10 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
24:21 mt2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שׁ֝וֹנִ֗ים 1 Here, **ones who change** refers to people who **change** from respecting authorities, such as **Yahweh and the king**, to rebelling against them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “ones who rebel”
24:22 t6cv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֵידָ֑⁠ם 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **calamity** in [1:26](../01/26.md).
24:22 cjvi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָק֣וּם 1 Here, the writer speaks of **calamity** occurring as if it were an object that arises. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will occur”
24:22 jzb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ⁠פִ֥יד שְׁ֝נֵי⁠הֶ֗ם מִ֣י יוֹדֵֽעַ 1 The writer is using the question form to emphasize the how terrible the **destruction** will be. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “and no one knows how terrible the destruction of the two of them will be!”
24:22 jzb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ⁠פִ֥יד שְׁ֝נֵי⁠הֶ֗ם מִ֣י יוֹדֵֽעַ 1 The writer is using the question form to emphasize how terrible the **destruction** will be. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “and no one knows how terrible the destruction of the two of them will be!”
24:22 ub7e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שְׁ֝נֵי⁠הֶ֗ם 1 This phrase refers to “Yahweh and the king” mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh and the king”
24:23 jq5s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גַּם־אֵ֥לֶּה לַֽ⁠חֲכָמִ֑ים 1 **These** here refers to a new collection of proverbs that continues from this verse to the last verse of this chapter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The following proverbs are additional sayings of the wise ones”
24:23 ml44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַֽכֵּר־פָּנִ֖ים 1 **Recognizing faces** is an idiom that means “to show partiality” or “to favor” someone. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “lift the face” in [18:5](../18/05.md). Alternate translation: “Five pride of place to certain people” or “Being partial to certain people”
24:23 ml44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַֽכֵּר־פָּנִ֖ים 1 **Recognizing faces** is an idiom that means “to show partiality” or “to favor” someone. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “lift the face” in [18:5](../18/05.md). Alternate translation: “Giving pride of place to certain people” or “Being partial to certain people”
24:23 m7va rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠מִשְׁפָּ֣ט 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **judgment**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “when judging”
24:23 njcr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes בַּל־טֽוֹב 1 See how you translated the same use of **not good** in [16:29](../16/29.md).
24:24 kxbv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֹ֤מֵ֨ר ׀ לְ⁠רָשָׁע֮ & יִקְּבֻ֥⁠הוּ & יִזְעָמ֥וּ⁠הוּ 1 **One who says**, **the wicked one**, and **him** refer to types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any person who says to any wicked person … will curse that person … will denounce that person”
@ -3101,28 +3101,28 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
24:24 lma6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְאֻמִּֽים 1 Here, **nations** refers to the people who live in those **nations**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people of nations”
24:25 xwv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠לַ⁠מּוֹכִיחִ֥ים 1 Here, **the rebukers** refers to judges who rightly condemn guilty people for the wicked things they have done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “But for those who convict the guilty ones”
24:25 g6a8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִנְעָ֑ם 1 Here, **it** refers to the lives of **the rebukers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “life will be pleasant”
24:25 ufh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַֽ֝⁠עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֗ם תָּב֥וֹא בִרְכַּת־טֽוֹב 1 Here, the writer refers to people experiencing a **blessing** as if it were a person who could **come** **over** those people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they will experience a blessing of goodness”
24:25 ufh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַֽ֝⁠עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֗ם תָּב֥וֹא בִרְכַּת־טֽוֹב 1 Here, the writer refers to people experiencing a **blessing** as if it were a person who could **come over** those people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they will experience a blessing of goodness”
24:25 uy7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בִרְכַּת־טֽוֹב 1 Here, the writer is using the possessive form to describe a **blessing** that is characterized by **goodness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a good blessing”
24:26 p6nz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction שְׂפָתַ֥יִם יִשָּׁ֑ק 1 Here, kissing someone’s **lips** is a symbolic action to show true friendship and loyalty. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “He confirms his loyalty by kissing one’s lips”
24:26 sz6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מֵ֝שִׁ֗יב דְּבָרִ֥ים נְכֹחִֽים 1 Here, the writer refers to someone speaking an honest reply to someone else as if he were returning **straightforward words**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who speaks an honest reply”
24:26 sz6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מֵ֝שִׁ֗יב דְּבָרִ֥ים נְכֹחִֽים 1 Here the writer refers to someone speaking an honest reply to someone else as if he were returning **straightforward words**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who speaks an honest reply”
24:27 w3gn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָ֘כֵ֤ן בַּ⁠ח֨וּץ ׀ מְלַאכְתֶּ֗⁠ךָ וְ⁠עַתְּדָ֣⁠הּ בַּ⁠שָּׂדֶ֣ה לָ֑⁠ךְ 1 While the first clause refers to the **work** a man must to do earn money, the second clause specifically refers to a **field** used for farming. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Do your job outside and prepare your fields for farming”
24:27 m5fn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative אַ֝חַ֗ר וּ⁠בָנִ֥יתָ 1 Solomon is using a future statement to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “and after build”
24:27 m5fn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative אַ֝חַ֗ר וּ⁠בָנִ֥יתָ 1 Solomon is using a future statement to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “and after, build”
24:28 gpwg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וַ֝⁠הֲ⁠פִתִּ֗יתָ בִּ⁠שְׂפָתֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 The writer is using the question form to emphasize what a person should not do. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “And you should surely not deceive with your lips!”
24:28 u5rp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בִּ⁠שְׂפָתֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Here, **lips** refers to what people say by using their **lips**. See how you translated the same use of **lips** in [10:18](../10/18.md). Alternate translation: “by what you say”
24:29 hu0f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations אַל־תֹּאמַ֗ר כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽשָׂה־לִ֭⁠י כֵּ֤ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לּ֑⁠וֹ אָשִׁ֖יב לָ⁠אִ֣ישׁ כְּ⁠פָעֳלֽ⁠וֹ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Do not say that you will do to him just as he did to you, or that you will return to the man according to his deed”
24:29 xens rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations עָֽשָׂה & לּ֑⁠וֹ & לָ⁠אִ֣ישׁ כְּ⁠פָעֳלֽ⁠וֹ 1 Although **he**, **him**, **the man**, and **his** are masculine, the writer is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “a person did … to that person … to that person according to that person’s deed”
24:29 u8un rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עָֽשָׂה & אֶֽעֱשֶׂה & כְּ⁠פָעֳלֽ⁠וֹ 1 The speaker implies that this **deed** was something bad or harmful to the person speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “he did something bad … I will do something bad … according to his bad deed”
24:30 u1ax 1 [24:30](../24/30.md)–[24:34](../24/34.md) are one long proverb that warns against being lazy.
24:30 u1ax 1 Verses [24:30](../24/30.md)–[24:34](../24/34.md) are one long proverb that warns against being lazy.
24:30 gims rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אָדָ֥ם חֲסַר־לֵֽב 1 See how you translated this phrase in [17:18](../17/18.md).
24:31 chw4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠הִנֵּ֨ה 1 Here, **behold** is a term meant to focus the attention of the reader to what is about to happen next in the story. See how you translated the same use of **behold** in [7:10](../07/10.md).
24:31 p4lk עָ֘לָ֤ה כֻלּ֨⁠וֹ ׀ קִמְּשֹׂנִ֗ים 1 Alternate translation: “all of it was overgrown with thorns” or “thorns had grown up everywhere”
24:31 t3cs rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns כֻלּ֨⁠וֹ & פָנָ֣י⁠ו 1 Here, **it** and **its** refer to all the land that includes both the field and vineyard mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “all of that land … that land’s face”
24:31 qj7e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּסּ֣וּ פָנָ֣י⁠ו חֲרֻלִּ֑ים 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “weeds covered its face”
24:31 fuwf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פָנָ֣י⁠ו 1 Here, **face** refers to the surface of the ground. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “its surface”
24:31 pmfn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠גֶ֖דֶר אֲבָנָ֣י⁠ו 1 Here, the writer is using the possessive form to describe a **wall** that is made of **stones**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and the wall made of stones”
24:31 pmfn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠גֶ֖דֶר אֲבָנָ֣י⁠ו 1 Here the writer is using the possessive form to describe a **wall** that is made of **stones**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and the wall made of stones”
24:31 i63b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נֶהֱרָֽסָה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “had collapsed”
24:32 sfjt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וָֽ⁠אֶחֱזֶ֣ה אָ֭נֹכִֽי & רָ֝אִ֗יתִי 1 The writer is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous two verses if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “And I myself looked at that field and vineyard … I saw them”
24:32 mxzi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns וָֽ⁠אֶחֱזֶ֣ה אָ֭נֹכִֽי 1 Here, the writer uses the word **myself** to emphasize how significant his observations about the lazy person’s land were. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “And I looked with my own eyes”
24:32 mxzi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns וָֽ⁠אֶחֱזֶ֣ה אָ֭נֹכִֽי 1 Here, the writer uses the word **myself** to emphasize the significance of his observations about the lazy person’s land. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “And I looked with my own eyes”
24:32 d0wu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אָשִׁ֣ית לִבִּ֑⁠י 1 See how you translated the same use of “set your heart” in [22:17](../22/17.md).
24:32 u9za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לָקַ֥חְתִּי מוּסָֽר 1 See how you translated the same use of **instruction** in [1:3](../01/03.md).
24:32 ztnm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לָקַ֥חְתִּי מוּסָֽר 1 The writer assumes that his readers will understand that what follows in the next two verses is the **instruction** he refers to here. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I received the following instruction” or “I learned the following lesson”
@ -3143,7 +3143,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
25:3 il9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ⁠לֵ֥ב מְ֝לָכִ֗ים 1 The word **heart** represents hearts in general, not one particular **heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “and the hearts of kings”
25:3 pnqo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֵ֥ב 1 See how you translated the same use of “hearts” in [15:11](../15/11.md).
25:3 ixal rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֵ֣ין חֵֽקֶר 1 Here Solomon speaks of it being difficult to understand **the heart of kings** as if it were something that could not be searched for. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is difficult to comprehend”
25:4 jgm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown סִיגִ֣ים 1 The word **dross** refers to material in metal that people do not want so **the refiner** removes it by melting the metal and taking the **dross** out of the melted metal. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of process, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the unwanted material”
25:4 jgm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown סִיגִ֣ים 1 The word **dross** refers to material in metal that people do not want, so **the refiner** removes it by melting the metal and taking the **dross** out of the melted metal. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of process, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the unwanted material”
25:4 q3jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠יֵּצֵ֖א & כֶּֽלִי 1 The word translated **and** at the beginning of this clause indicates that the event in the previous clause happens before the event in the second clause can happen. Use a natural form in your language for introducing the next event in a story. Alternate translation: “before a vessel comes out” or “then a vessel can come out”
25:4 hzyc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יֵּצֵ֖א לַ⁠צֹּרֵ֣ף כֶּֽלִי 1 Here Solomon refers to **the refiner** making **a vessel** from the **silver** mentioned in the previous clause as if that **vessel comes out** from the **silver**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and a vessel is made by the refiner”
25:4 lovy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לַ⁠צֹּרֵ֣ף 1 Here, **the refiner** refers to someone who removes unwanted material from metal by melting the metal and taking the **dross** out of the melted metal. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of person, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the person who removes unwanted material from metal”
@ -3786,7 +3786,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
30:4 rdh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠חָפְנָ֡י⁠ו 1 Here, the word translated **hollow** refers to the palm of someone’s hand. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the palms of his hands”
30:4 g4i7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ֤י צָֽרַר־מַ֨יִם ׀ בַּ⁠שִּׂמְלָ֗ה 1 Here, Agur speaks of storing rainwater in clouds as if the **waters** were something that a person could wrap inside a **cloak**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. If a translation is available in your language, see the similar use of **waters** in [Job 26:8](../job/26/08.md). Alternate translation: “Who has stored the water in clouds”
30:4 rce5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ֭י הֵקִ֣ים כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ 1 Here, Agur speaks of setting the boundaries of the dry land on **the earth** as if the **ends of the earth** were something that a person could raise **up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “has set up the limits for where the land ends” or “has marked the boundaries for the ends of the earth”
30:4 jv39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony מַה־שְּׁמ֥⁠וֹ וּ⁠מַֽה־שֶּׁם־בְּ֝נ֗⁠וֹ כִּ֣י תֵדָֽע 1 Agur uses irony here to emphasize that no one knows of any person who can do those things described earlier in the verse because such a person does not exist. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Surely, none of you know the name of someone who has done this or the name of his son because such a person does not exist!”
30:4 jv39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony מַה־שְּׁמ֥⁠וֹ וּ⁠מַֽה־שֶּׁם־בְּ֝נ֗⁠וֹ כִּ֣י תֵדָֽע 1 Agur uses irony here to emphasize that no one knows of any person who can do those things described earlier in the verse, because such a person does not exist. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Surely, none of you know the name of someone who has done this or the name of his son, because such a person does not exist!”
30:5 mna2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor צְרוּפָ֑ה 1 Here, Agur refers to what **God** says being true as if his sayings were metal that someone had melted and removed unwanted material from. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the phrase “refined gold” in [8:19](../08/19.md). Alternate translation: “is proven to be true”
30:5 u15z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מָגֵ֥ן ה֝֗וּא 1 Here, Agur speaks of **God** protecting people as if he were a **shield**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he is a protector”
30:5 bk39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַֽ⁠חֹסִ֥ים בּֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, Agur speaks of people trusting **God** to protect them as if he were a shelter in which people **take refuge**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for those who rely on him to protect them”

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