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@ -467,12 +467,12 @@ GAL 4 2 v5g9 translate-unknown οἰκονόμους 1 trustees Here, the word *
GAL 4 2 khzl figs-activepassive προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that the “father” did it. Alternate translation: “date which his father appointed” or “time which his father appointed”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
GAL 4 3 ocm2 grammar-connect-words-phrases οὕτως 1 Here, the word **So** indicates that what follows is comparable to, and similar in some way to what has just described in [4:1-2](../04/01.md). Use a natural form in your language for introducing something that corresponds in some way to something that was introduced previously. Alternate translation: “In a similar way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
GAL 4 3 d6v9 figs-exclusive ἦμεν 1 General Information: The word **we** here refers to all Christians, including Paul’s readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
GAL 4 3 n21q figs-metaphor ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι 1 when we were children Paul speaks of people who have not yet trusted in Jesus as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way or use a simile as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “when we did not yet believe in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
GAL 4 3 rwwj figs-activepassive ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who was doing the action, Paul implies that “the elemental principles of the world” were doing it. Alternate translation: “the elemental principles of the world were enslaving us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
GAL 4 3 n21q figs-metaphor ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι 1 when we were children Paul speaks of people who have not yet trusted in Jesus as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative as modeled by the UST or you could translate this phrase as a simile. Alternate translation: “when we did not yet believe in Jesus” or “when we were like children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
GAL 4 3 rwwj figs-activepassive ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who was doing the action, Paul says that “the elemental principles of the world” were doing it. See the note on personification regarding **the elemental principles of this world**. Alternate translation: “the elemental principles of the world were enslaving us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
GAL 4 3 cd2w figs-metaphor δεδουλωμένοι 1 we were enslaved to the elemental principles of the world Paul speaks of being under the control of **the elemental principles of the world** as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what **enslaved** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n
GAL 4 3 l0fg figs-explicit ὑπὸ 1 Here, the word **under** means “under the authority of.” See how you translated the word **under** in [4:2](../04/02.md) where Paul uses it with a similar meaning. Alternate translation: “under the authority of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 4 3 v1zo figs-personification ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου…δεδουλωμένοι 1 Here, Paul speaks of **the elemental principles of the world** as though they were a person who could enslave other people. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
GAL 4 3 u462 τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου 1 the elemental principles of the world **the elemental principles of the world** could refer to: (1) the basic religious and/or moral teachings that people seek to obey in order to please God and/or think of themselves as praiseworthy and good. (2) the things prescribed by the Mosaic law. 3) spiritual beings which people thought controlled **the world**.
GAL 4 3 u462 τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου 1 the elemental principles of the world **the elemental principles of the world** could refer to: (1) the religious and/or moral teachings that people seek to obey in order to please God and/or think of themselves as praiseworthy and good. (2) the things prescribed by the Mosaic law. 3) spiritual beings which people thought controlled **the world**.
GAL 4 4 l5tf guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν 1 Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
GAL 4 4 ujfp τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ χρόνου 1 Here, **the fullness of time** shows that God was working his purposes throughout history. It emphasizes a time designated by God to deliver people from their helplessness and enslavement to the Law and to those forces that are opposed to God. Alternate translation: “at the proper time” or “at the designated time”
GAL 4 5 v5cb figs-metaphor ἐξαγοράσῃ 1 redeem Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave as a picture of Jesus paying for his people’s sins by dying on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
467 GAL 4 2 khzl figs-activepassive προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that the “father” did it. Alternate translation: “date which his father appointed” or “time which his father appointed”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
468 GAL 4 3 ocm2 grammar-connect-words-phrases οὕτως 1 Here, the word **So** indicates that what follows is comparable to, and similar in some way to what has just described in [4:1-2](../04/01.md). Use a natural form in your language for introducing something that corresponds in some way to something that was introduced previously. Alternate translation: “In a similar way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
469 GAL 4 3 d6v9 figs-exclusive ἦμεν 1 General Information: The word **we** here refers to all Christians, including Paul’s readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
470 GAL 4 3 n21q figs-metaphor ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι 1 when we were children Paul speaks of people who have not yet trusted in Jesus as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way or use a simile as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “when we did not yet believe in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Paul speaks of people who have not yet trusted in Jesus as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative as modeled by the UST or you could translate this phrase as a simile. Alternate translation: “when we did not yet believe in Jesus” or “when we were like children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
471 GAL 4 3 rwwj figs-activepassive ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who was doing the action, Paul implies that “the elemental principles of the world” were doing it. Alternate translation: “the elemental principles of the world were enslaving us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who was doing the action, Paul says that “the elemental principles of the world” were doing it. See the note on personification regarding **the elemental principles of this world**. Alternate translation: “the elemental principles of the world were enslaving us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
472 GAL 4 3 cd2w figs-metaphor δεδουλωμένοι 1 we were enslaved to the elemental principles of the world Paul speaks of being under the control of **the elemental principles of the world** as if it were slavery. If your readers would not understand what **enslaved** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n
473 GAL 4 3 l0fg figs-explicit ὑπὸ 1 Here, the word **under** means “under the authority of.” See how you translated the word **under** in [4:2](../04/02.md) where Paul uses it with a similar meaning. Alternate translation: “under the authority of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
474 GAL 4 3 v1zo figs-personification ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου…δεδουλωμένοι 1 Here, Paul speaks of **the elemental principles of the world** as though they were a person who could enslave other people. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
475 GAL 4 3 u462 τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου 1 the elemental principles of the world **the elemental principles of the world** could refer to: (1) the basic religious and/or moral teachings that people seek to obey in order to please God and/or think of themselves as praiseworthy and good. (2) the things prescribed by the Mosaic law. 3) spiritual beings which people thought controlled **the world**. **the elemental principles of the world** could refer to: (1) the religious and/or moral teachings that people seek to obey in order to please God and/or think of themselves as praiseworthy and good. (2) the things prescribed by the Mosaic law. 3) spiritual beings which people thought controlled **the world**.
476 GAL 4 4 l5tf guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν 1 Son This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
477 GAL 4 4 ujfp τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ χρόνου 1 Here, **the fullness of time** shows that God was working his purposes throughout history. It emphasizes a time designated by God to deliver people from their helplessness and enslavement to the Law and to those forces that are opposed to God. Alternate translation: “at the proper time” or “at the designated time”
478 GAL 4 5 v5cb figs-metaphor ἐξαγοράσῃ 1 redeem Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave as a picture of Jesus paying for his people’s sins by dying on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])