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@ -1759,7 +1759,7 @@ ACT 11 27 d8bb figs-idiom κατῆλθον 1 came down from Jerusalem to Antioc
ACT 11 28 q3tl translate-symaction ἀναστὰς 1 and indicated by the Spirit that Alternate Here, **having arisen** means that Agabus stood up as a symbolic action to indicate that he had something important to say. Alternate translation: “having stood up to show that he had something important to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])translation: “and the Holy Spirit enabled him to prophesy that”
ACT 11 28 w18f figs-hyperbole ἐφ’ ὅλην τὴν οἰκουμένην 1 The term **whole** is a generalization for emphasis. Alternate translation: “throughout the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
ACT 11 28 pd2t figs-explicit τὴν οἰκουμένην 1 over the whole world Luke assumes that his readers will know that by **world**, he means the part of the world that they were familiar with. Alternate translation: “the … Roman Empire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ACT 11 28 jmc5 figs-idiom ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου 1 in the days of Claudius The expression **upon Claudius** is an idiom. Alternate translation: “during the reign of Claudius” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 11 28 jmc5 figs-idiom ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου 1 in the days of Claudius The expression **upon Claudius** refers to the time during the reign of Claudius. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “during the reign of Claudius” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 11 28 fjyk translate-names Κλαυδίου 1 The word **Claudius** is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
ACT 11 29 rk9z figs-explicit τῶν…μαθητῶν καθὼς εὐπορεῖτό τις, ὥρισαν ἕκαστος αὐτῶν…πέμψαι 1 just as anyone prospered The implication is that while some of the disciples were **prospering** greatly but others were struggling financially, every one of them resolved to send something according to his own means. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “while some of the believers in Antioch were rich and others were poor, every one of them resolved to send what they could afford” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ACT 11 29 up7a figs-metaphor τοῖς…ἀδελφοῖς 1 to the brothers living in Judea Luke is using the term **brothers** figuratively to mean people who share the same faith. Alternate translation: “to their fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -1778,7 +1778,7 @@ ACT 12 3 v4ag figs-synecdoche τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις 1 And when he saw th
ACT 12 3 ly66 figs-idiom ἡμέραι τῶν Ἀζύμων 1 the days of unleavened bread This phrase refers to the time of a Jewish religious observance that led up to the celebration of Passover. While it was observed on specific **days**, Luke is likely using the word “days” idiomatically to describe a particular time. Alternate translation: “during the Passover season” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 12 4 tza2 writing-pronouns ὃν καὶ πιάσας, ἔθετο εἰς φυλακήν 1 The pronouns **whom** refers to Peter, and the pronoun **he** refers to Herod. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “After Herod had arrested Peter, he put him in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
ACT 12 4 pps1 translate-unknown τέσσαρσιν τετραδίοις στρατιωτῶν 1 to four squads of soldiers These **quaternions** were groups of four **soldiers** each. They would have taken turns guarding Peter in six-hour shifts throughout the day and night. Two soldiers would have been at Peters side and the other two soldiers by the entrance. Your language and culture may have a term for a group of four soldiers that you can use in your translation. You could also explain the meaning of the term “quaternion,” as UST does. Alternate translation: “to four teams of soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
ACT 12 4 i23a figs-idiom βουλόμενος…ἀναγαγεῖν αὐτὸν τῷ λαῷ 1 he was intending to bring him out to the people The phrase **to bring him out** is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Herod planned to judge Peter in a public trial in the presence of the Jewish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 12 4 i23a figs-idiom βουλόμενος…ἀναγαγεῖν αὐτὸν τῷ λαῷ 1 he was intending to bring him out to the people The phrase **to bring him out** means to put Peter on trial publicly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Herod planned to judge Peter in a public trial in the presence of the Jewish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 12 5 xpcx figs-activepassive ὁ…Πέτρος ἐτηρεῖτο 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to specify who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the soldiers. Alternate translation: “the soldiers were guarding Peter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
ACT 12 5 f8qc figs-activepassive προσευχὴ…ἦν ἐκτενῶς γινομένη ὑπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν περὶ αὐτοῦ 1 prayer was being made earnestly to God for him by the church If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the church was earnestly praying to God for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
ACT 12 6 km83 figs-explicit προαγαγεῖν αὐτὸν 1 Herod was going to bring him out for trial, that night Here, the word translated **to bring … out** is slightly different from the word translated that same way in [12:4](../01/01.md). It means to put someone on trial, and the implications, based on the fact that Herod saw that it pleased the Jewish leaders when he executed James, are that Herod planned to execute Peter after this trial. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “to put Peter on trial and then execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@ ACT 12 9 p9ty figs-activepassive τὸ γινόμενον διὰ τοῦ ἀγ
ACT 12 9 s9j0 figs-quotations ἐδόκει…ὅραμα βλέπειν 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “he was thinking, I am seeing a vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
ACT 12 10 r7gy figs-explicit διελθόντες…πρώτην φυλακὴν καὶ δευτέραν 1 But when they had passed by the first guard and the second The implication is that the guards were not able to see Peter and the angel as they walked by. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “having passed by the first guard and the second without being noticed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ACT 12 10 e36s figs-ellipsis καὶ δευτέραν 1 and the second The word **guard** can be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “and the second guard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
ACT 12 11 wlb6 figs-idiom ὁ Πέτρος ἐν ἑαυτῷ γενόμενος εἶπεν 1 And when Peter had come to himself The phrase **having come to himself** is an idiom. Alternate translation: “when Peter became fully awake and alert, he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 12 11 wlb6 figs-idiom ὁ Πέτρος ἐν ἑαυτῷ γενόμενος εἶπεν 1 And when Peter had come to himself The phrase **having come to himself** means that Peter became fully awake and realized he was not just seeing a vision. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when Peter became fully awake and alert, he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 12 11 ue4k figs-metonymy χειρὸς 1 delivered me from the hand of Herod Here, **hand** figuratively represents the capability of a person. Alternate translation: “the power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
ACT 12 11 p739 figs-abstractnouns πάσης τῆς προσδοκίας τοῦ λαοῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1 from all the expectations of the Jewish people If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **expectation**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “all that the Jewish people expected that Herod would do to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
ACT 12 11 sl07 figs-synecdoche τοῦ λαοῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1 Luke is likely using the phrase **the Jewish people** to refer to one part of that group, its leaders. Alternate translation: “of the leaders of the Jewish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@ -1849,7 +1849,7 @@ ACT 13 1 ccel translate-names Μαναήν 1 The word **Manaen** is the name of
ACT 13 1 o8jb translate-names Λούκιος ὁ Κυρηναῖος 1 The word **Lucius** is the name of a man. The word **Cyrenian** is the name for someone who comes from the city of Cyrene. See how you translated it in [11:20](../11/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
ACT 13 1 u48c translate-unknown σύντροφος 1 one brought up with Herod the tetrarch In this culture, rulers would sometimes bring the children of other parents into their homes to be raised and educated with their own children. This gave their children playmates and friends, and it was also a way of honoring or thanking the parents of the other children. A boy who was raised with the son of a ruler would be considered the **foster brother** of that son. There may be a similar role in your culture, and your language may have a term for it that you can use in your translation. You could also explain the meaning of the term “foster brother,” as UST does. Alternate translation: “the childhood playmate” or “the boyhood friend” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
ACT 13 1 hxh6 translate-unknown Ἡρῴδου τοῦ τετράρχου 1 In the Roman Empire, a **tetrarch** was the governor of one of four divisions of a country or province. **Herod the tetrarch** ruled over Galilee, one of four areas that the kingdom of his father, Herod the Great, was divided into after his death. (The Herod described in chapter 12 was a different man, the grandson of Herod the Great and the nephew of Herod the tetrarch.) If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a general term instead of “tetrarch.” Alternate translation: “the ruler Herod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
ACT 13 2 m70r figs-idiom λειτουργούντων…αὐτῶν τῷ Κυρίῳ 1 The expression **ministering to** is an idiom. Alternate translation: “while they were worshiping the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 13 2 m70r figs-idiom λειτουργούντων…αὐτῶν τῷ Κυρίῳ 1 The expression **ministering to** means that the believers in Antioch were worshiping God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “while they were worshiping the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 13 2 kox1 writing-politeness τῷ Κυρίῳ 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, Peter is referring to Jesus here by a respectful title. Use a form for addressing someone respectfully in your language. Alternate translation: “of the Lord Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness]])
ACT 13 2 ifb9 ἀφορίσατε 1 Set apart Alternate translation: “Set apart”
ACT 13 2 j6ym figs-extrainfo εἰς τὸ ἔργον ὃ προσκέκλημαι αὐτούς. 1 The Holy Spirit is referring implicitly to the **work** of proclaiming the gospel of Jesus in new areas, Cyprus and Asia Minor. Since Luke describes Barnabas and Paul doing this work in the rest of this chapter and in chapter 14, you do not need to explain its meaning further here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])

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