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@ -62,21 +62,24 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
2:3 apx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names רָחָ֖ב 1 See how you translated the name **Rahab** in the previous verse.
2:3 xz7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go הַ⁠בָּאִ֤ים אֵלַ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣אוּ לְ⁠בֵיתֵ֔⁠ךְ 1 Your language may say “going” and “went” rather than **coming** and **came** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “the ones going to you who went to your house”
2:5 ty4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יְהִ֨י הַ⁠שַּׁ֜עַר לִ⁠סְגּ֗וֹר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action you can indicate that “men” did it. Alternate translation: “And men shut the gate”
2:5 o0r3 תַשִּׂיגֽוּ⁠ם 1 The word the ULT translates as **you may overtake them** could refer to something that is: (1) a possibility. Alternate translation: “perhaps you can overtake them” (2) a future event. Alternate translation: “you will overtake them”
2:5 o0r3 תַשִּׂיגֽוּ⁠ם 1 The word the ULT translates as **you may overtake them** could refer to an event that is: (1) a possibility. Alternate translation: “perhaps you can overtake them” (2) in the future. Alternate translation: “you will overtake them”
2:6 l5zb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background וְ⁠הִ֖יא הֶעֱלָ֣תַ⁠ם הַ⁠גָּ֑גָ⁠ה וַֽ⁠תִּטְמְנֵ⁠ם֙ בְּ⁠פִשְׁתֵּ֣י הָ⁠עֵ֔ץ הָ⁠עֲרֻכ֥וֹת לָ֖⁠הּ עַל־הַ⁠גָּֽג 1 The author is providing this background information to explain how Rahab had hidden the men in [2:4](../02/04.md). Use a natural way in your language for introducing background information.
2:6 st56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַ⁠גָּ֑גָ⁠ה 1 The **roof** was flat and strong, so people could walk around on it. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that the roof was flat as modeled by the UST.
2:6 b99c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּ⁠פִשְׁתֵּ֣י הָ⁠עֵ֔ץ 1 The word **flax** refers to a plant that is grown for its fibers, which is used in making cloth. It has tall, slender stalks that can tied into bundles. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of plant, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “in the long stalks of a plant”
2:7 p4sx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַֽ⁠מַּעְבְּר֑וֹת 1 A **ford** is a place where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it. If you do not have a term to describe this type of place, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “”
2:7 p4sx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַֽ⁠מַּעְבְּר֑וֹת 1 A **ford** is a place where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it. If you do not have a term to describe this type of place, you could use a more general term as modeled by the UST.
2:8 ds5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go עָלְתָ֥ה 1 Your language may say “came up” rather than **went up** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “came up”
2:9 t8zy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּֽי־נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The word “you” refers to the all the Israelite people.
2:9 xr6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 Becoming afraid is spoken of as if feat came and attacked them. Alternate translation: “we have become afraid of you”
2:9 u74z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נָמֹ֛גוּ & מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. This could mean: (1) they will be weak in the Israelites’ presence or (2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: “will be so afraid that they will not resist you”
2:10 bcm2 יַם־סוּף֙ 1 This is another name for the Red Sea.
2:10 c6i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names לְ⁠סִיחֹ֣ן וּ⁠לְ⁠ע֔וֹג 1 These are the names of the Amorite kings.
2:11 qx6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ 1 These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase “our hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:12 nmi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism הִשָּֽׁבְעוּ־נָ֥א לִ⁠י֙ & וּ⁠נְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖⁠י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת 1 These are similar statements of Rahab seeking assurance from the spies.
2:12 nh3t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you עָשִׂ֥יתִי עִמָּ⁠כֶ֖ם חָ֑סֶד 1 The word “you” refers to the two spies.
2:13 m6i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ⁠הַחֲיִתֶ֞ם אֶת־ & וְ⁠הִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖י⁠נוּ מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת 1 a polite way of saying “do not to kill us”
2:9 t8zy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּֽי־נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 Here, the word **you** is plural and refers to all the Israelite people. Alternate translation: “I know that Yahweh has given the land to you Israelites”
2:9 oa1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְ⁠כִֽי־נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠כִ֥י נָמֹ֛גוּ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 The phrase **dread of you has fallen** and the phrase **melted from your face** mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “and we and all the other people who dwell in the land have become very afraid of you”
2:9 xr6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 The phrase **the dread of you has fallen on us** is an idiom meaning that they “had become afraid.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “we have become afraid of you”
2:9 u74z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָמֹ֛גוּ & מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 The phrase **melted from your face** is an idiom meaning that the people who lived in the land of Canaan had become afraid of the Israelites. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “have become afraid before you” or “have become afraid in your presence”
2:10 y7a1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go בְּ⁠צֵאתְ⁠כֶ֖ם 1 Your language may say “came” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “when you came out”
2:10 c6i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names לְ⁠סִיחֹ֣ן וּ⁠לְ⁠ע֔וֹג 1 **Sihon** and **Og** are the names of men who were Amorite kings.
2:11 qx6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The phrases **our hearts have melted** and **the spirit in a man no longer stands from your face** are both idioms that mean that the people who lived in Canaan were very afraid of the Israelites. If your readers would not understand this, you could use equivalent idioms or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and we are afraid and the people in the land are afraid of your presence”
2:11 sdem rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The phrases **our hearts have melted** and **the spirit in a man no longer stands from your face** mean basically the same thing. Rahab says the same thing twice, in slightly different ways, for emphasis. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “and we have become very afraid of you” or “and we have become very afraid of your presence”
2:11 agqj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “in a person”
2:12 nmi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עָשִׂ֥יתִי עִמָּ⁠כֶ֖ם חָ֑סֶד וַ⁠עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם גַּם־אַתֶּ֜ם עִם־בֵּ֤ית אָבִ⁠י֙ חֶ֔סֶד וּ⁠נְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖⁠י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **kindness** and **truth**, you could express the same ideas with adverbs or non-abstract nouns or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have acted kindly with you, swear to me that you also will act kindly toward the house of my father and give me a sure token that you will do this”
2:12 iw4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֤ית אָבִ⁠י֙ 1 Rahab is speaking of her family as if they were her father’s **house**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a similar expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the household of my father” or “my family”
2:13 m6i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ⁠הִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖י⁠נוּ מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **death** and **lives**, you could express the same ideas with a verb or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And you will save us from being killed”
2:14 ji8q 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelite spies make the promise which Rahab asked for in [Joshua 2:12](../02/12.md)
2:14 yb7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נַפְשֵׁ֤⁠נוּ תַחְתֵּי⁠כֶם֙ לָ⁠מ֔וּת 1 This idiom is a way of swearing and asking God to curse them if they do not keep their promise. Alternate translation: “If we do not do what we promise, may Yahweh cause us to die”
2:15 b3dr 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelite spies continue to talk to Rahab.

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
62 2:3 apx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names רָחָ֖ב 1 See how you translated the name **Rahab** in the previous verse.
63 2:3 xz7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go הַ⁠בָּאִ֤ים אֵלַ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣אוּ לְ⁠בֵיתֵ֔⁠ךְ 1 Your language may say “going” and “went” rather than **coming** and **came** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “the ones going to you who went to your house”
64 2:5 ty4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יְהִ֨י הַ⁠שַּׁ֜עַר לִ⁠סְגּ֗וֹר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action you can indicate that “men” did it. Alternate translation: “And men shut the gate”
65 2:5 o0r3 תַשִּׂיגֽוּ⁠ם 1 The word the ULT translates as **you may overtake them** could refer to something that is: (1) a possibility. Alternate translation: “perhaps you can overtake them” (2) a future event. Alternate translation: “you will overtake them” The word the ULT translates as **you may overtake them** could refer to an event that is: (1) a possibility. Alternate translation: “perhaps you can overtake them” (2) in the future. Alternate translation: “you will overtake them”
66 2:6 l5zb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background וְ⁠הִ֖יא הֶעֱלָ֣תַ⁠ם הַ⁠גָּ֑גָ⁠ה וַֽ⁠תִּטְמְנֵ⁠ם֙ בְּ⁠פִשְׁתֵּ֣י הָ⁠עֵ֔ץ הָ⁠עֲרֻכ֥וֹת לָ֖⁠הּ עַל־הַ⁠גָּֽג 1 The author is providing this background information to explain how Rahab had hidden the men in [2:4](../02/04.md). Use a natural way in your language for introducing background information.
67 2:6 st56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַ⁠גָּ֑גָ⁠ה 1 The **roof** was flat and strong, so people could walk around on it. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that the roof was flat as modeled by the UST.
68 2:6 b99c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּ⁠פִשְׁתֵּ֣י הָ⁠עֵ֔ץ 1 The word **flax** refers to a plant that is grown for its fibers, which is used in making cloth. It has tall, slender stalks that can tied into bundles. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of plant, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “in the long stalks of a plant”
69 2:7 p4sx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַֽ⁠מַּעְבְּר֑וֹת 1 A **ford** is a place where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it. If you do not have a term to describe this type of place, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “” A **ford** is a place where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it. If you do not have a term to describe this type of place, you could use a more general term as modeled by the UST.
70 2:8 ds5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go עָלְתָ֥ה 1 Your language may say “came up” rather than **went up** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “came up”
71 2:9 t8zy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּֽי־נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The word “you” refers to the all the Israelite people. Here, the word **you** is plural and refers to all the Israelite people. Alternate translation: “I know that Yahweh has given the land to you Israelites”
72 2:9 xr6a oa1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠כִֽי־נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠כִ֥י נָמֹ֛גוּ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 Becoming afraid is spoken of as if feat came and attacked them. Alternate translation: “we have become afraid of you” The phrase **dread of you has fallen** and the phrase **melted from your face** mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “and we and all the other people who dwell in the land have become very afraid of you”
73 2:9 u74z xr6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָמֹ֛גוּ & מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְ⁠כֶם֙ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. This could mean: (1) they will be weak in the Israelites’ presence or (2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: “will be so afraid that they will not resist you” The phrase **the dread of you has fallen on us** is an idiom meaning that they “had become afraid.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “we have become afraid of you”
74 2:10 2:9 bcm2 u74z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יַם־סוּף֙ נָמֹ֛גוּ & מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 This is another name for the Red Sea. The phrase **melted from your face** is an idiom meaning that the people who lived in the land of Canaan had become afraid of the Israelites. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “have become afraid before you” or “have become afraid in your presence”
75 2:10 c6i6 y7a1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לְ⁠סִיחֹ֣ן וּ⁠לְ⁠ע֔וֹג בְּ⁠צֵאתְ⁠כֶ֖ם 1 These are the names of the Amorite kings. Your language may say “came” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “when you came out”
76 2:11 2:10 qx6v c6i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ לְ⁠סִיחֹ֣ן וּ⁠לְ⁠ע֔וֹג 1 These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase “our hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) **Sihon** and **Og** are the names of men who were Amorite kings.
77 2:12 2:11 nmi4 qx6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הִשָּֽׁבְעוּ־נָ֥א לִ⁠י֙ & וּ⁠נְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖⁠י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 These are similar statements of Rahab seeking assurance from the spies. The phrases **our hearts have melted** and **the spirit in a man no longer stands from your face** are both idioms that mean that the people who lived in Canaan were very afraid of the Israelites. If your readers would not understand this, you could use equivalent idioms or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and we are afraid and the people in the land are afraid of your presence”
78 2:12 2:11 nh3t sdem rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism עָשִׂ֥יתִי עִמָּ⁠כֶ֖ם חָ֑סֶד וַ⁠יִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔⁠נוּ וְ⁠לֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The word “you” refers to the two spies. The phrases **our hearts have melted** and **the spirit in a man no longer stands from your face** mean basically the same thing. Rahab says the same thing twice, in slightly different ways, for emphasis. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “and we have become very afraid of you” or “and we have become very afraid of your presence”
79 2:13 2:11 m6i6 agqj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְ⁠הַחֲיִתֶ֞ם אֶת־ & וְ⁠הִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖י⁠נוּ מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת בְּ⁠אִ֖ישׁ 1 a polite way of saying “do not to kill us” Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “in a person”
80 2:12 nmi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עָשִׂ֥יתִי עִמָּ⁠כֶ֖ם חָ֑סֶד וַ⁠עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם גַּם־אַתֶּ֜ם עִם־בֵּ֤ית אָבִ⁠י֙ חֶ֔סֶד וּ⁠נְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖⁠י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **kindness** and **truth**, you could express the same ideas with adverbs or non-abstract nouns or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have acted kindly with you, swear to me that you also will act kindly toward the house of my father and give me a sure token that you will do this”
81 2:12 iw4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֤ית אָבִ⁠י֙ 1 Rahab is speaking of her family as if they were her father’s **house**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a similar expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the household of my father” or “my family”
82 2:13 m6i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ⁠הִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖י⁠נוּ מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **death** and **lives**, you could express the same ideas with a verb or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And you will save us from being killed”
83 2:14 ji8q 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelite spies make the promise which Rahab asked for in [Joshua 2:12](../02/12.md)
84 2:14 yb7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נַפְשֵׁ֤⁠נוּ תַחְתֵּי⁠כֶם֙ לָ⁠מ֔וּת 1 This idiom is a way of swearing and asking God to curse them if they do not keep their promise. Alternate translation: “If we do not do what we promise, may Yahweh cause us to die”
85 2:15 b3dr 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelite spies continue to talk to Rahab.