Chris' edits to LUK and ACT (#3149)
Co-authored-by: christopherrsmith <christopherrsmith@noreply.door43.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3149
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@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@ front:intro mw28 0 # Introduction to Acts\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\
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8:23 j696 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σύνδεσμον ἀδικίας 1 Peter speaks of **the bond of unrighteousness** as if unrighteousness were restraining Simon and keeping him a prisoner. He means Simon is not able to stop himself from sinning. Alternate translation: “unable to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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8:24 n5cw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual ὑμεῖς & εἰρήκατε 1 Even though it was only Peter who spoke to Simon, in his response, Simon is addressing both Peter and John, since he offered money to both of them, as [8:18](../08/18.md) describes. Since Simon is speaking to two men, **You** and **you** would be dual if your language uses that form. Otherwise it would be plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
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8:24 v2wy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative δεήθητε ὑμεῖς ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ πρὸς τὸν Κύριον 1 This is an imperative, but it communicates a polite request rather than a command. Use a form in your language that communicates a polite request. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “Please pray to the Lord for me” or “I ask you to pray to the Lord for me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
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8:24 hwc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns δεήθητε ὑμεῖς ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ πρὸς τὸν Κύριον 1 Simon is stating the pronoun **You**, which is already implied in the verb **pray**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “Pray to the Lord for me yourselves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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8:24 hwc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns δεήθητε ὑμεῖς ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ πρὸς τὸν Κύριον 1 Simon is stating the pronoun **You**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **pray**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “Pray to the Lord for me yourselves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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8:24 u1a4 ὅπως μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ ὧν εἰρήκατε 1 Alternate translation: “so that the things you have said may not happen to me”
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8:24 sk5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ ὧν εἰρήκατε 1 Simon is referring implicitly to Peter’s rebuke, in which Peter spoke of Simon’s silver perishing along with him. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I will not perish as you said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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8:25 nzvg rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential οὖν 1 Luke is using the word translated **Then** to introduce what Peter and John did after being in the city where Philip had been telling the Samaritans about Jesus. Alternate translation: “After that,” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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@ -2107,7 +2107,7 @@ front:intro mw28 0 # Introduction to Acts\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\
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15:7 s6ap rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἄνδρες, ἀδελφοί 1 This is an idiomatic form of address. Use a way that is natural in your language to refer to a particular group of people. Alternate translation: “My brothers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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15:7 a6q9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἀδελφοί 1 Peter is using the term **brothers** to mean people who share the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation, as in UST: “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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15:7 wct8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular ὑμεῖς & ὑμῖν 1 Both occurrences of **you** are plural since they refer to the apostles and elders. So use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])
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15:7 hk4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε 1 For emphasis, Peter is stating the pronoun **you**, which is already implied in the verb **know**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “you know very well” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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15:7 hk4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε 1 For emphasis, Peter is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **know**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “you know very well” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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15:7 ftl9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀφ’ ἡμερῶν ἀρχαίων 1 Peter is using an idiom that refers to the time when something began or had its origin. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “at the time when the Gentiles would first begin to believe in Jesus,” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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15:7 s3wb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche διὰ τοῦ στόματός μου 1 Peter is using one part of himself, his **mouth**, to represent all of himself in the act of speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or plain language. Alternate translation: “From me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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15:7 b5s8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 Peter is using the term **word** to mean the message that he shared by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the message” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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@ -2495,7 +2495,7 @@ front:intro mw28 0 # Introduction to Acts\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\
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18:9 l4yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness ὁ Κύριος 1 Luke is referring to Jesus by a respectful title. Use a form for addressing someone respectfully in your language. Alternate translation: “the Lord Jesus” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness]])
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18:9 zg8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet λάλει καὶ μὴ σιωπήσῃς 1 The expressions **speak** and **do not be silent** mean similar things. Jesus is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “you must certainly continue speaking” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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18:9 a529 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit μὴ σιωπήσῃς 1 Jesus means implicitly that Paul should not **be silent** about the gospel. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “do not be silent about the gospel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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18:10 isn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐγώ εἰμι μετὰ σοῦ 1 Jesus is stating the pronoun **I**, which is already implied in the verb **am**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am certainly with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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18:10 isn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐγώ εἰμι μετὰ σοῦ 1 Jesus is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **am**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am certainly with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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18:10 a8lq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession λαός ἐστί μοι πολὺς ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ 1 This means “many people in this city are mine.” Jesus is using the possessive form to indicate that these people are loyal to him. Alternate translation: “there are many people in this city who are loyal to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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18:11 a18w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Luke is using the term **word** to mean the message that God wanted Paul to teach by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the message from God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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18:12 se8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Γαλλίωνος 1 The word **Gallio** is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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@ -2604,7 +2604,7 @@ front:intro mw28 0 # Introduction to Acts\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\
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19:15 fhzn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys ἀποκριθὲν & τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ πονηρὸν εἶπεν 1 Together the words **answering** and **said** mean that the evil spirit responded to the sons of Sceva. Alternate translation: “the evil spirit responded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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19:15 lrky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ πονηρὸν 1 Luke assumes that his readers will understand that he is continuing the story he began in verse 13 after providing background material in verse 14. By **the evil spirit**, he means one to which some of the sons of Sceva were saying on a specific occasion, “I adjure you by the Jesus whom Paul proclaims.” Luke indicates in verse 16 that two of the sons were involved on this occasion. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. UST models one way to do that. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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19:15 nsl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion ὑμεῖς δὲ τίνες ἐστέ? 1 The evil spirit is using the question form to emphasize that it does not know or respect these sons of Sceva the way he knows and respects Jesus and Paul, the representative of Jesus. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “but I do not know or respect you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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19:15 vqwh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὑμεῖς & τίνες ἐστέ? 1 The evil spirit is stating the pronoun **you**, which is already implied in the verb **are**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I certainly do not know you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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19:15 vqwh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὑμεῖς & τίνες ἐστέ? 1 The evil spirit is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **are**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I certainly do not know you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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19:16 lu7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀμφοτέρων 1 Luke assumes that his readers will understand that only two of the seven sons of Sceva were involved on this particular occasion. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the two sons of Sceva who were trying to cast out the evil spirit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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19:17 mx62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory δὲ 1 Luke uses the word translated **And** to introduce information about what happened at the end of the story of the seven sons of Sceva. Your language may have its own way of presenting such information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
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19:17 jodu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τοῦτο & ἐγένετο γνωστὸν πᾶσιν & τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν τὴν Ἔφεσον 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all living in Ephesus came to know about this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -2736,7 +2736,7 @@ front:intro mw28 0 # Introduction to Acts\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\
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20:16 p61e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὅπως μὴ γένηται αὐτῷ χρονοτριβῆσαι 1 Luke is speaking about **time** as if it were a commodity that a person could **lose**. Alternate translation: “so that he would not have to remain for a time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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20:17 nw52 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns μετεκαλέσατο 1 The pronoun **he** refers to Paul. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Paul sent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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20:18 xsa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε ἀπὸ πρώτης ἡμέρας ἀφ’ ἧς ἐπέβην εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν, πῶς μεθ’ ὑμῶν τὸν πάντα χρόνον ἐγενόμην 1 It may be more natural in your language to reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “You yourselves know how I was with you the whole time from the first day from which I set foot in Asia” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
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20:18 b6li rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε 1 Paul is stating the pronoun **you**, which is already implied in the verb **know**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “You certainly know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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20:18 b6li rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε 1 Paul is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **know**, for emphasis. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “You certainly know” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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20:18 vw6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche ἐπέβην εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν 1 Paul is using one part of himself, his **foot**, to represent all of himself in the act of arriving in Asia. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I entered Asia” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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20:19 uidc rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness τῷ Κυρίῳ 1 Paul is referring to Jesus by a respectful title. Use a form for addressing someone respectfully in your language. Alternate translation: “the Lord Jesus” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness]])
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20:19 llqj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole μετὰ πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης 1 Paul says **all** here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “with great humility” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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@ -1152,7 +1152,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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7:39 tbq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τίς καὶ ποταπὴ ἡ γυνὴ, ἥτις ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἁμαρτωλός ἐστιν 1 Simon assumed that a prophet would never allow a sinner to touch him. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state his assumption explicitly. Alternate translation: “that this woman is a sinner, and he would not allow her to touch him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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7:40 l388 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτόν 1 Together the words **answering** and **said** mean that Jesus responded to what the Pharisee was thinking. Alternate translation: “Jesus responded to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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7:40 u3cg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Σίμων 1 **Simon** was the name of the Pharisee who invited Jesus into his home. This was not Simon Peter. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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7:40 l389 ὁ δέ, Διδάσκαλε, εἰπέ, φησίν 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “And he said, ‘Say it, Teacher!’”
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7:40 l389 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture ὁ δέ, Διδάσκαλε, εἰπέ, φησίν 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “And he said, ‘Say it, Teacher!’”
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7:40 l390 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative Διδάσκαλε, εἰπέ 1 Simon is inviting Jesus to speak, not ordering him to speak. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could translate his words as more of an invitation. You could also translate them as a question, as UST does. Alternate translation: “Go ahead and say it.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
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7:40 l391 Διδάσκαλε 1 This was a respectful title. You can translate it with an equivalent term that your language and culture would use.
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7:41 sv92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables δύο χρεοφιλέται ἦσαν: δανιστῇ τινι 1 To help Simon the Pharisee understand what he wants to teach him, Jesus tells him a story. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Then Jesus told him this story to help him understand. ‘There were two debtors’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
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@ -1374,7 +1374,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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8:48 l464 ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε 1 In this context, the word **saved** has a specific meaning. Alternate translation: “because you believed, you have become well”
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8:48 ch7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom πορεύου εἰς εἰρήνην 1 This is a way of saying goodbye and giving a blessing at the same time. Alternate translation: “May God give you peace as you go” or “As you go, do not worry anymore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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8:49 m58z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος 1 This refers implicitly to what Jesus was saying in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “While Jesus was still saying these things to the woman” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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8:49 l465 ἔρχεταί τις 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “someone came”
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8:49 l465 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture ἔρχεταί τις 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “someone came”
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8:49 deu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἔρχεταί τις παρὰ τοῦ ἀρχισυναγώγου 1 This does not mean someone whom Jairus sent, since Jairus was with Jesus. Rather, this means someone who had been at his house watching over his daughter with the others. Alternate translation: “someone who had been at the home of Jairus came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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8:49 id9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit μηκέτι σκύλλε τὸν διδάσκαλον 1 This statement implies that Jesus will not be able to do anything to help, since the girl is dead. Alternate translation: “There is nothing more that Jesus can do for you, so do not make him come to your house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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8:49 n6ez τὸν διδάσκαλον 1 **Teacher** is a respectful title. You can translate it with an equivalent term that your language and culture would use.
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9:33 npk9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν τῷ διαχωρίζεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ 1 The pronoun **they** refers to Moses and Elijah, not to the disciples. Alternate translation: “as Moses and Elijah were about to leave Jesus” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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9:33 l505 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς & ποιήσωμεν 1 Since Peter wants to make it possible for Moses and Elijah to stay, when he says **for us**, he likely means “all six of us.” So if your language distinguishes between exclusive and inclusive “us,” use the inclusive form in that case. However, when Peter says **let us**, he is likely referring to himself and to James and John, so use the exclusive form of “us” in that case. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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9:33 mby6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown σκηνὰς 1 The term **tents** means simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep. Peter probably had in mind that he and the other two disciples would build them from the materials available on the mountain such as tree branches. Alternate translation: “shelters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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9:33 l506 μὴ εἰδὼς ὃ λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “he did not know what he was saying”
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9:33 l506 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture μὴ εἰδὼς ὃ λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “he did not know what he was saying”
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9:34 ct1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ταῦτα δὲ αὐτοῦ λέγοντος 1 Alternate translation: “While Peter was saying these things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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9:34 e75d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐφοβήθησαν 1 These adult disciples were not afraid of clouds. Rather, given all the unusual things that had already taken place on this mountain, they were afraid of what might happen to them once the cloud came completely over them. Alternate translation: “they were very apprehensive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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9:34 asa6 εἰσελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν νεφέλην 1 This can be expressed in terms of what the cloud did. Alternate translation: “the cloud surrounded them”
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11:35 z96u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor σκόπει & μὴ τὸ φῶς τὸ ἐν σοὶ σκότος ἐστίν 1 Jesus continues to draw an extended comparison between physical vision and spiritual receptivity. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the comparison. Alternate translation: “it would be dangerous for you to think that you could see clearly if you actually could not. In the same way, be careful not to think that you understand and live by God’s message if you really do not” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor]])
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11:36 g336 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ἔσται φωτεινὸν ὅλον, ὡς ὅταν ὁ λύχνος τῇ ἀστραπῇ φωτίζῃ σε 1 Jesus now uses a simile to connect the illustration of the lamp with the extended metaphor of the eye. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the meaning of the simile. Alternate translation: “light will come into your whole body. In the same way, if you are willing to obey God, you will be able to understand his message and live by it completely, just as a lamp shines a bright light that allows you to see yourself and everything around you clearly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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11:37 h6zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent ἐν δὲ τῷ λαλῆσαι 1 Luke uses this phrase to introduce a new event in the story. Alternate translation: “And when Jesus had finished saying these things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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11:37 l702 ἐρωτᾷ αὐτὸν Φαρισαῖος 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “a Pharisee asked him”
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11:37 l702 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture ἐρωτᾷ αὐτὸν Φαρισαῖος 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “a Pharisee asked him”
|
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11:37 l703 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants Φαρισαῖος 1 This introduces a new character into the story. Alternate translation: “a Pharisee who was there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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11:37 x6nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ἀνέπεσεν 1 It was the custom in this culture at a relaxed meal such as this one for host and guests to eat while lying down comfortably around the table. You could translate this by using the expression in your language for the customary posture at a meal. Alternate translation: “he sat down at the table” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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11:38 bm8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐ πρῶτον ἐβαπτίσθη 1 The Pharisees had a rule that people had to **wash** their hands before eating in order to be ceremonially clean before God. Alternate translation: “he wash his hands in order to be ceremonially clean” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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@ -1968,7 +1968,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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11:44 l709 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ περιπατοῦντες ἐπάνω 1 Here Jesus is using the term **men** in a generic sense that includes all people. Alternate translation: “that people walk over” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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11:44 h9x7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐκ οἴδασιν 1 The implication is that if the Jews walked over a grave, they would become ceremonially unclean because they had come close to a dead body. Unmarked graves would cause them to do that accidentally. Alternate translation: “do not realize that and so become ceremonially unclean” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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11:44 l710 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὐκ οἴδασιν 1 Jesus is using the implied ceremonial uncleanness to represent not doing what pleases God. He has just said in [11:42](../11/42.md) that this is really a matter of showing love and justice to others. Alternate translation: “without realizing it and so, because they follow your teaching, they do not do the things that God wants them to do most” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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11:45 l711 ἀποκριθεὶς δέ τις τῶν νομικῶν λέγει αὐτῷ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “Then one of the experts in the Jewish law who was there said to him”
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11:45 l711 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture ἀποκριθεὶς δέ τις τῶν νομικῶν λέγει αὐτῷ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “Then one of the experts in the Jewish law who was there said to him”
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11:45 l712 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys ἀποκριθεὶς & τις τῶν νομικῶν λέγει 1 Together the two verbs **answering** and **says** mean that this lawyer was responding to what Jesus had said about the Pharisees. Alternate translation: “one of the lawyers responded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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11:45 u1vv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants τις τῶν νομικῶν 1 This phrase introduces a new character into the story. Alternate translation: “one of the experts in the Jewish law who was there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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11:45 l713 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τις τῶν νομικῶν 1 See how you translated “lawyer” in [7:30](../07/30.md). Alternate translation: “one of the experts in the Jewish law who was there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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@ -2290,7 +2290,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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13:7 l855 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἰδοὺ 1 The man uses the term **behold** to get the gardener to pay attention to what he is about to say. Alternate translation: “Pay attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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13:7 hg35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion ἵνα τί καὶ τὴν γῆν καταργεῖ? 1 The man uses the question form to emphasize that the tree is useless and that the gardener should cut it down. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate his words as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not let it keep the ground from being productive any longer.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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13:7 l856 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor καὶ τὴν γῆν καταργεῖ 1 The man speaks of the tree as if it were keeping the ground from working, since the ground would be productive if a different tree that actually was bearing fruit were in its place. Alternate translation: “is it even keeping the ground from being productive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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13:8 pm3j ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει αὐτῷ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “But he responded”
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13:8 pm3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει αὐτῷ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “But he responded”
|
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13:8 l857 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys ὁ & ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει 1 Together the terms **answering** and **says** mean that the gardener responded to what his master told him to do. Alternate translation: “he responded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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13:8 l2ks ἄφες αὐτὴν καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ἔτος 1 Alternate translation: “wait one more year before cutting down the tree”
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13:8 st4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown βάλω κόπρια 1 The word **manure** means animal dung. In some places people mix it into the ground to make the soil more fertile for plants and trees. If your readers would not be familiar with this practice, you could explain it, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “mix animal dung into the soil to enrich it” or “fertilize it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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@ -2798,7 +2798,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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16:22 hn6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐτάφη 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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16:23 tl8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ 1 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he looked up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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16:23 vca4 ὑπάρχων ἐν βασάνοις 1 Alternate translation: “while suffering in terrible pain”
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16:23 m083 ὁρᾷ 1 To call attention to a significant development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he saw”
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16:23 m083 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture ὁρᾷ 1 To call attention to a significant development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he saw”
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16:23 qpd2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐν τοῖς κόλποις αὐτοῦ 1 See how you translated this expression in [16:22](../16/22.md). Alternate translation: “in a place of honor next to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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16:24 m084 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν, Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ, ἐλέησόν με καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον, ἵνα βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου; ὅτι ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “he shouted over to Abraham, addressing him respectfully as his ancestor, and asked him to have mercy on him and send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool his tongue, because he was in a flame that was making him suffer greatly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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16:24 dpp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν 1 Together the terms **crying out** and **said** mean that the rich man spoke what follows as a loud cry. Alternate translation: “the rich man shouted out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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@ -2826,7 +2826,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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16:27 m091 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρός μου 1 The rich man is using the word **house** to mean the people who live together in a household. Alternate translation: “to my family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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16:28 y1xn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes ἔχω γὰρ πέντε ἀδελφούς, ὅπως διαμαρτύρηται αὐτοῖς, ἵνα μὴ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔλθωσιν εἰς τὸν τόπον τοῦτον τῆς βασάνου 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “The rich man explained that he had five brothers and that he wanted Lazarus to warn them so that they would not also come to where he was, in a place where they would suffer greatly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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16:28 x8xk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὅπως διαμαρτύρηται αὐτοῖς 1 The implication is that the rich man wanted Lazarus to warn his brothers not to act as he had. He had been selfish, self-indulgent, and unconcerned about the needs of people around him who were poor and suffering. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “so that he can warn them not to be self-indulgent and callous, as I was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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16:29 m092 λέγει δὲ Ἀβραάμ 1 To call attention to a significant development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration here. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “But Abraham said”
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16:29 m092 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture λέγει δὲ Ἀβραάμ 1 To call attention to a significant development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration here. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “But Abraham said”
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16:29 m093 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes λέγει δὲ Ἀβραάμ, ἔχουσι Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας; ἀκουσάτωσαν αὐτῶν 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “But Abraham told the rich man that his brothers had what Moses and the prophets had written, and that they should obey their teaching” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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16:29 v8eh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἔχουσι Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 The implication is that Abraham is refusing to send Lazarus to the rich man’s brothers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “No, I will not do that, because your brothers have what Moses and the prophets have written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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16:29 x8pt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 Abraham is using the names of the authors of the biblical books to refer to their writings. Alternate translation: “what Moses and the prophets have written” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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@ -2906,7 +2906,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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17:12 d9mg rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants ἀπήντησαν δέκα λεπροὶ ἄνδρες, οἳ ἔστησαν πόρρωθεν 1 Luke uses this phrase to introduce these new characters into the story. Alternate translation: “ten men who were lepers came out to meet him, standing far away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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17:12 i1sc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀπήντησαν δέκα λεπροὶ ἄνδρες, οἳ ἔστησαν πόρρωθεν 1 The **lepers** were not reluctant to engage Jesus. Rather, this was a respectful gesture, since they were not allowed to approach other people. According to the law of Moses, they were ceremonially unclean for as long as they had a skin disease. Luke assumes that his readers will know that, but if it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate it explicitly. It may be helpful to make **who stood at a distance** a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “ten leprous men met him. They stood at a distance, as they were required to do because they were ceremonially unclean” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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17:13 l1j4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom αὐτοὶ ἦραν φωνὴν 1 This idiom means that they spoke loudly. Alternate translation: “they called out in loud voices” or “they shouted out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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17:13 m134 αὐτοὶ ἦραν φωνὴν 1 If it would be unusual in your language for someone to speak as if a group of people had only one **voice**, you could use the plural form here. Alternate translation: “they called out in loud voices”
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17:13 m134 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns αὐτοὶ ἦραν φωνὴν 1 If it would be unusual in your language for someone to speak as if a group of people had only one **voice**, you could use the plural form here. Alternate translation: “they called out in loud voices”
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17:13 fsn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς 1 This is an imperative, but it should be translated as a polite request, rather than as a command. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “please have mercy on us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
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17:13 m135 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς 1 The ten lepers assume that Jesus will know that they are specifically asking to be healed. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “please have mercy on us and heal us” or “please be merciful to us by healing us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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17:14 mrx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit πορευθέντες ἐπιδείξατε ἑαυτοὺς τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν 1 People who had been lepers but who had been healed were required under the law of Moses to have the priests verify that fact. So the implication of this command is that Jesus is healing the men. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “You are healed. Now go and show yourselves to the priests so they can verify that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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@ -3265,7 +3265,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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19:21 a6ja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor αἴρεις ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκας 1 The servant is speaking of the king as if he would pick up things that others had set down and take them away as his own property. Alternate translation: “You take other people’s property as your own” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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19:21 mi5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor θερίζεις ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρας 1 The servant is speaking of the king as if he would harvest a crop that someone else had planted. Alternate translation: “you benefit from other people’s hard work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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19:22 q2k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes λέγει αὐτῷ, ἐκ τοῦ στόματός σου κρίνω σε, πονηρὲ δοῦλε; ᾔδεις ὅτι ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρός εἰμι, αἴρων ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκα, καὶ θερίζων ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρα? 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “The king told him that he was a wicked servant and that he would judge him by what he had just said. The king said to suppose that he really was a harsh man who took other people’s property as his own and benefitted from other people’s hard work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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19:22 m294 λέγει αὐτῷ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, this parable uses the present tense here in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “The king said to this servant”
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19:22 m294 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture λέγει αὐτῷ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, this parable uses the present tense here in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “The king said to this servant”
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19:22 wt8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐκ τοῦ στόματός σου 1 The king is using the term **mouth** to refer to what the servant said using his mouth. Alternate translation: “based on what you have just said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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19:22 xga8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion ᾔδεις ὅτι ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρός εἰμι, αἴρων ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκα, καὶ θερίζων ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρα? 1 The king is not asking the servant to verify what he has just said. Rather, he is using the question form to challenge the servant. He is repeating what the servant said about him, but not to grant that it is true. Rather, he is about to tell the servant what he should have done if it actually had been true. Alternate translation: “So you thought I was a harsh man who took other people’s property as his own and benefitted from other people’s hard work!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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19:22 m295 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor αἴρων ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκα, καὶ θερίζων ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρα 1 See how you translated these expressions in [19:21](../19/21.md). Alternate translation: “who took other people’s property as his own and benefitted from other people’s hard work” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -4270,7 +4270,7 @@ front:intro uk55 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Luke\n\n## Part 1: General
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24:11 m703 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἠπίστουν αὐταῖς 1 The word **they** refers to the apostles and other believers, and the word **them** refers to the women. Alternate translation: “so the apostles and other believers did not believe the women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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24:12 rm1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀναστὰς 1 This expression is an idiom that means to take initiative. It does not necessarily mean that Peter had been sitting or lying down and then stood up. Alternate translation: “taking initiative” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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24:12 ax6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit παρακύψας 1 Peter had to bend over in order to see inside the tomb because tombs cut in solid rock were very low. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “bending at the waist in order to look into the low tomb” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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24:12 m704 βλέπει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he saw”
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24:12 m704 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture βλέπει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he saw”
|
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24:12 n1tg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὰ ὀθόνια μόνα 1 The phrase **the linen cloths** refers to the cloths that Joseph of Arimathea used to wrap Jesus’ body when he was buried, as described in [23:53](../23/53.md). The implication is that the body of Jesus was no longer in the tomb. Alternate translation: “the linen cloths in which Jesus’ body had been wrapped, but the body was not there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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24:12 d6i2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὰ ὀθόνια 1 The term **linen cloths** refers to a high quality clothe made from the fibers of the flax plant. If you do not have **linen** in your region and/or your readers would be unfamiliar with this term, you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “the fine cloths” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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24:12 m705 ἀπῆλθεν πρὸς ἑαυτὸν, θαυμάζων τὸ γεγονός 1 This phrase can be understood in two different ways, depending on how the words in it are grouped together. Different versions of the Bible interpret this differently. If there is already a version of the Bible in your area, see how it translates this. You may wish to translate it in the same way. Otherwise, we recommend that you follow the reading of ULT. (1) If the grouping is “he went away, to himself wondering,” then the meaning is as in ULT and UST. (2) If the grouping is “he went away to himself, wondering,” then the meaning is that Peter went back to his own home. Alternate translation: “he went away to his home, wondering what had happened”
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