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@ -95,11 +95,11 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
2:19 qg47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶה־בּֽ⁠וֹ 1 The phrase **a hand is laid upon** is an idiom meaning someone is injured or harmed. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “that person is injured” or “if that person is harmed” 2:19 qg47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶה־בּֽ⁠וֹ 1 The phrase **a hand is laid upon** is an idiom meaning someone is injured or harmed. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “that person is injured” or “if that person is harmed”
2:20 e659 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תַּגִּ֖ידִי 1 Here, **you** is singular and refers to Rahab. 2:20 e659 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תַּגִּ֖ידִי 1 Here, **you** is singular and refers to Rahab.
2:21 uxw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּ⁠דִבְרֵי⁠כֶ֣ם כֶּן־ה֔וּא 1 This expression indicates that Rahab agreed to the men’s terms of the oath. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I agree with these conditions” 2:21 uxw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּ⁠דִבְרֵי⁠כֶ֣ם כֶּן־ה֔וּא 1 This expression indicates that Rahab agreed to the men’s terms of the oath. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I agree with these conditions”
2:21 kdr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠שָּׁנִ֖י 1 See how you translated the phrase **red material** in [2:18](../02/18.md). 2:21 kdr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠שָּׁנִ֖י 1 See how you translated the phrase **scarlet material** in [2:18](../02/18.md).
2:22 gjr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֣אוּ 1 Your language may say “went” rather than **came** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “and went” 2:22 gjr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֣אוּ 1 Your language may say “went” rather than **came** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “and went”
2:23 cv1w אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַ⁠מֹּצְא֖וֹת אוֹתָֽ⁠ם 1 Alternate translation: “all that they had experienced and seen” 2:23 cv1w אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַ⁠מֹּצְא֖וֹת אוֹתָֽ⁠ם 1 Alternate translation: “all that they had experienced and seen”
2:23 hegq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נ֑וּן 1 See how you translated the name **Nun** in [1:1](../01/01.md). 2:23 hegq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נ֑וּן 1 See how you translated the name **Nun** in [1:1](../01/01.md).
2:24 avki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ 1 The two spies are using the past tense in order to refer to something that will happen in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give into our hand” 2:24 avki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The two spies are using the past tense in order to refer to something that will happen in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give all the land into our hand”
2:24 tsz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The phrase **has given into our hand** is an idiom meaning “has delivered to our control.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “has delivered all the land to our control” or “has allowed us to conquer all the land” 2:24 tsz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The phrase **has given into our hand** is an idiom meaning “has delivered to our control.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “has delivered all the land to our control” or “has allowed us to conquer all the land”
2:24 eh7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָמֹ֛גוּ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “have melted from before your face” in [2:9](../02/09.md). 2:24 eh7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָמֹ֛גוּ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “have melted from before your face” in [2:9](../02/09.md).
3:intro qs85 0 # Joshua 3 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### God dries the Jordan River\n\nJoshua told the people “Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will do wonders among you.” The conquest of the Promised Land is accomplished through the supernatural power of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n### Crossing the Jordan River\n\nIn this chapter the words **crossing over** refer to going to the opposite bank of the Jordan River. 3:intro qs85 0 # Joshua 3 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### God dries the Jordan River\n\nJoshua told the people “Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will do wonders among you.” The conquest of the Promised Land is accomplished through the supernatural power of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n### Crossing the Jordan River\n\nIn this chapter the words **crossing over** refer to going to the opposite bank of the Jordan River.
@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
5:13 x26s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּה 1 The author is using the term **behold** to focus attention on what happens next in this story. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. 5:13 x26s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּה 1 The author is using the term **behold** to focus attention on what happens next in this story. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation.
5:13 dztr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אִישׁ֙ 1 Although the author uses the term **a man** here, the next verse explains that this being was “the leader of the army of Yahweh.” The being, referred to here as **a man**, was not a human but was either an angel of Yahweh sent to represent Yahweh, or Yahweh himself. The author uses the phrase “a man” because this what Joshua thought he was before he was told the beings identity in the next verse. Since the identity of the being is given in the next verse, you do not need to explain the meaning of the phrase **a man** here. 5:13 dztr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אִישׁ֙ 1 Although the author uses the term **a man** here, the next verse explains that this being was “the leader of the army of Yahweh.” The being, referred to here as **a man**, was not a human but was either an angel of Yahweh sent to represent Yahweh, or Yahweh himself. The author uses the phrase “a man” because this what Joshua thought he was before he was told the beings identity in the next verse. Since the identity of the being is given in the next verse, you do not need to explain the meaning of the phrase **a man** here.
5:14 ds5l לֹ֗א 1 Alternate translation: “I am neither for you nor for your enemies” 5:14 ds5l לֹ֗א 1 Alternate translation: “I am neither for you nor for your enemies”
5:14 r42a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥י⁠ו אַ֨רְצָ⁠ה֙ וַ⁠יִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ 1 In that culture, this action was an expression of reverence and/or worship. It was a way that a person showed great respect and reverence for someone else. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation. 5:14 r42a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥י⁠ו אַ֨רְצָ⁠ה֙ וַ⁠יִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ 1 The phrase **fell on his face to the earth** means that Joshua intentionally got down on his knees. In that culture, getting down on one’s knees and bowing one’s head to the ground was an expression of reverence and/or worship. It was a way that a person showed great respect and reverence for someone else. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation.
5:15 ge5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 In that culture, the action of taking of ones sandals expressed that the person who took off their sandals was showing great respect and reverence towards someone superior to them and acknowledging their willingness to obey them. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation. 5:15 ge5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 In that culture, the action of taking of ones sandals expressed that the person who took off their sandals was showing great respect and reverence towards someone superior to them and acknowledging their willingness to obey them. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation.
5:15 qu3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה עֹמֵ֥ד עָלָ֖י⁠ו קֹ֣דֶשׁ ה֑וּא 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because the place on which you are standing is holy, you must slip off your sandal from your foot.” 5:15 qu3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה עֹמֵ֥ד עָלָ֖י⁠ו קֹ֣דֶשׁ ה֑וּא 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because the place on which you are standing is holy, you must slip off your sandal from your foot.”
6:intro uie9 0 # Joshua 6 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Yahweh conquers\n\nIt was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) 6:intro uie9 0 # Joshua 6 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Yahweh conquers\n\nIt was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -230,9 +230,11 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
6:16 fj73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠עִֽיר 1 Joshua is using the past tense in order to refer to something that Yahweh will do in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give the city to you” or “Yahweh will certainly give the city to you” 6:16 fj73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠עִֽיר 1 Joshua is using the past tense in order to refer to something that Yahweh will do in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give the city to you” or “Yahweh will certainly give the city to you”
6:17 qcml rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result רַק֩ רָחָ֨ב הַ⁠זּוֹנָ֜ה תִּֽחְיֶ֗ה הִ֚יא וְ⁠כָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתָּ֣⁠הּ בַּ⁠בַּ֔יִת כִּ֣י הֶחְבְּאַ֔תָה אֶת־הַ⁠מַּלְאָכִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלָֽחְנוּ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because she hid the messengers whom we sent, only Rahab the prostitute will live, she and all who are with her in the house” 6:17 qcml rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result רַק֩ רָחָ֨ב הַ⁠זּוֹנָ֜ה תִּֽחְיֶ֗ה הִ֚יא וְ⁠כָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתָּ֣⁠הּ בַּ⁠בַּ֔יִת כִּ֣י הֶחְבְּאַ֔תָה אֶת־הַ⁠מַּלְאָכִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלָֽחְנוּ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because she hid the messengers whom we sent, only Rahab the prostitute will live, she and all who are with her in the house”
6:18 lt6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠רַק 1 The word **But** is used here to indicate that what follows it is in strong contrast to the action of sparing Rahab and the people with her in her house. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. 6:18 lt6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠רַק 1 The word **But** is used here to indicate that what follows it is in strong contrast to the action of sparing Rahab and the people with her in her house. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast.
6:18 a98e הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1 See how you translated the phrase “a banned thing” in the previous verse.
6:18 z8cs אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֤ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 Alternate translation: “the camp of Israelite soldiers” 6:18 z8cs אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֤ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 Alternate translation: “the camp of Israelite soldiers”
6:18 ntwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתֶּם֙…תַּחֲרִ֖ימוּ וּ⁠לְקַחְתֶּ֣ם 1 In this verse every occurrence of the word **you** refers to the Israelite soldiers and so each is plural. 6:18 ntwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתֶּם֙…תַּחֲרִ֖ימוּ וּ⁠לְקַחְתֶּ֣ם 1 In this verse every occurrence of the word **you** refers to the Israelite soldiers and so each is plural.
6:20 fm69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יָּ֣רַע הָ⁠עָ֔ם וַֽ⁠יִּתְקְע֖וּ בַּ⁠שֹּֽׁפָר֑וֹת וַ⁠יְהִי֩ כִ⁠שְׁמֹ֨עַ הָ⁠עָ֜ם אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַ⁠שּׁוֹפָ֗ר וַ⁠יָּרִ֤יעוּ הָ⁠עָם֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַ⁠תִּפֹּ֨ל הַֽ⁠חוֹמָ֜ה תַּחְתֶּ֗י⁠הָ וַ⁠יַּ֨עַל הָ⁠עָ֤ם הָ⁠עִ֨ירָ⁠ה֙ אִ֣ישׁ נֶגְדּ֔⁠וֹ וַֽ⁠יִּלְכְּד֖וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִֽיר 1 In this verse each occurrence of the phrase **the people** refers to the Israelite soldiers. The first time the word **they** is used in this verse it refers to the seven Israelite priests who carried the seven **trumpets**. The second time the word **they** is used it refers to the Israelite soldiers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the soldiers shouted and the priests blew with the horns. And it happened as soon as the soldiers heard the sound of the horn, that the soldiers shouted with a great shout. And the wall fell under itself, and the soldiers went up to the city, a man straight in front of him, and the Israelite soldiers captured the city” 6:20 fm69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יָּ֣רַע הָ⁠עָ֔ם וַֽ⁠יִּתְקְע֖וּ בַּ⁠שֹּֽׁפָר֑וֹת וַ⁠יְהִי֩ כִ⁠שְׁמֹ֨עַ הָ⁠עָ֜ם אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַ⁠שּׁוֹפָ֗ר וַ⁠יָּרִ֤יעוּ הָ⁠עָם֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַ⁠תִּפֹּ֨ל הַֽ⁠חוֹמָ֜ה תַּחְתֶּ֗י⁠הָ וַ⁠יַּ֨עַל הָ⁠עָ֤ם הָ⁠עִ֨ירָ⁠ה֙ אִ֣ישׁ נֶגְדּ֔⁠וֹ וַֽ⁠יִּלְכְּד֖וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִֽיר 1 In this verse each occurrence of the phrase **the people** refers to the Israelite soldiers. The first time the word **they** is used in this verse it refers to the seven Israelite priests who carried the seven **trumpets**. The second time the word **they** is used it refers to the Israelite soldiers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the soldiers shouted and the priests blew with the horns. And it happened as soon as the soldiers heard the sound of the horn, that the soldiers shouted with a great shout. And the wall fell under itself, and the soldiers went up to the city, a man straight in front of him, and the Israelite soldiers captured the city”
6:20 p5kj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַ⁠יַּ֨עַל הָ⁠עָ֤ם הָ⁠עִ֨ירָ⁠ה֙ 1 The expression **went up** indicates that the Israelite soldiers moved upwards in elevation in order to enter Jericho. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “and the people went into the city”
6:20 v2v6 אִ֣ישׁ 1 Alternate translation: “each man” or “every man” 6:20 v2v6 אִ֣ישׁ 1 Alternate translation: “each man” or “every man”
6:21 cf5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לְ⁠פִי־חָֽרֶב 1 See the discussion on the phrase **the mouth of the sword** in the book introduction. Alternate translation: “by the sword” or “with the sword” 6:21 cf5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לְ⁠פִי־חָֽרֶב 1 See the discussion on the phrase **the mouth of the sword** in the book introduction. Alternate translation: “by the sword” or “with the sword”
6:21 b19h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism מֵ⁠אִישׁ֙ וְ⁠עַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה מִ⁠נַּ֖עַר וְ⁠עַד־זָקֵ֑ן וְ⁠עַ֨ד שׁ֥וֹר וָ⁠שֶׂ֛ה וַ⁠חֲמ֖וֹר 1 The author is giving examples of the different types and categories of living beings that the phrase **all that was in the city** refers to. The Israelite soldiers killed all the animals and all the humans in the city of Jericho. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “every human being, and every animal.” 6:21 b19h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism מֵ⁠אִישׁ֙ וְ⁠עַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה מִ⁠נַּ֖עַר וְ⁠עַד־זָקֵ֑ן וְ⁠עַ֨ד שׁ֥וֹר וָ⁠שֶׂ֛ה וַ⁠חֲמ֖וֹר 1 The author is giving examples of the different types and categories of living beings that the phrase **all that was in the city** refers to. The Israelite soldiers killed all the animals and all the humans in the city of Jericho. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “every human being, and every animal.”
@ -245,64 +247,66 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
6:25 l990 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠תֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 The word **she** could refer to: (1) Rahab herself. Alternate translation: “And Rahab has dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day” (2) Rahab’s descendants. Alternate translation: “And Rahab’s descendants have dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day” 6:25 l990 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠תֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 The word **she** could refer to: (1) Rahab herself. Alternate translation: “And Rahab has dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day” (2) Rahab’s descendants. Alternate translation: “And Rahab’s descendants have dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day”
6:25 d0je rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 The author is speaking of the Israelite people by association with the man **Israel**, from whom they descended. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the midst of the Israelites” or “among the descendants of Israel” 6:25 d0je rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 The author is speaking of the Israelite people by association with the man **Israel**, from whom they descended. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the midst of the Israelites” or “among the descendants of Israel”
6:25 czcy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 See how you translated the idiom “until this day” in [4:9](../04/09.md). It has the same meaning as the idiom **to this day**. Alternate translation: “until now” 6:25 czcy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 See how you translated the idiom “until this day” in [4:9](../04/09.md). It has the same meaning as the idiom **to this day**. Alternate translation: “until now”
6:26 cq3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אָר֨וּר הָ⁠אִ֜ישׁ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָקוּם֙ וּ⁠בָנָ֞ה 1 Being cursed in Yahweh’s sight represents being cursed by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man who rebuilds”
6:26 len7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּ⁠בְכֹר֣⁠וֹ יְיַסְּדֶ֔⁠נָּה 1 The consequence of a man laying a new foundation for Jericho is that his firstborn son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he lays the foundation, he will lose his firstborn son” or “If he lays the foundation, his firstborn son will die”
6:26 anp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠בִ⁠צְעִיר֖⁠וֹ יַצִּ֥יב דְּלָתֶֽי⁠הָ 1 The consequence of a man setting up new gates for Jericho is that his youngest son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he sets up its gates, he will lose his youngest son” or “If he sets up it gates, his youngest son will die”
6:27 brx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יְהִ֥י שָׁמְע֖⁠וֹ בְּ⁠כָל־הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ 1 This refers to Joshua’s fame, not Yahweh’s. Becoming known among the people throughout the land is spoken of as if his fame spread. Alternate translation: “Joshua became famous throughout the land” or “people throughout the land learned about Joshua”
7:intro uv41 0 # Joshua 7 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Sin brought defeat\n\nIt was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) 7:intro uv41 0 # Joshua 7 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Sin brought defeat\n\nIt was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
7:1 mtm4 בַּ⁠חֵ֑רֶם 1 Alternate translation: “the things that God had said they must set apart to him by destroying them” 7:1 v6rb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל…בִּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated the phrase **the sons of Israel** in [1:2](../01/02.md), where it is used with the same meaning.
7:1 z3zl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָכָ֣ן & כַּרְמִי֩ & זַבְדִּ֨י & זֶ֜רַח 1 These are names of men. 7:1 mtm4 בַּ⁠חֵ֑רֶם…הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1 See how you translated the phrase **the banned thing** in [6:18](../06/18.md). Alternate translation: “with the things that Yahweh had said they must set apart for him”
7:1 li2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה 1 “anger” and “burned” indicates intensity, not that fire is present. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s anger burned like a fire” or “Yahweh was very angry” 7:1 z3zl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָכָ֣ן & כַּרְמִי֩ & זַבְדִּ֨י & זֶ֜רַח 1 These are the names of men.
7:3 ui7f כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ 1 This refers to the army of Israel. 7:1 li2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בִּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 The phrase **the nose of Yahweh** is an idiom meaning “Yahweh was very angry.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh was very angry with the sons of Israel”
7:3 z2xr מְעַ֖ט הֵֽמָּה 1 The word “they” refers to the people of Ai. 7:2 uwga rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בֵּ֥ית אָ֨וֶן֙ 1 **Beth Aven** is the name of a town.
7:4 i5e8 וַ⁠יַּעֲל֤וּ מִן־הָ⁠עָם֙ שָׁ֔מָּ⁠ה כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 These men were part of the army. Alternate translation: “three thousand men belonging to the army went up” 7:2 si6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo עֲל֖וּ וְ⁠רַגְּל֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ וַֽ⁠יַּעֲלוּ֙ הָ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַֽ⁠יְרַגְּל֖וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָֽי 1 The expressions **Go up** and **went up** indicate that the Israelite spies had to move upward in elevation in order to spy out Ai. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “Go and spy out the land.” And the men went and spied out the Ai”
7:4 ak54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 “3,000 men” 7:3 dx9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אַל־יַ֣עַל כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ כְּ⁠אַלְפַּ֣יִם אִ֗ישׁ א֚וֹ כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ יַעֲל֖וּ וְ⁠יַכּ֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֑י אַל־תְּיַגַּע־שָׁ֨מָּ⁠ה֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠עָ֔ם כִּ֥י מְעַ֖ט הֵֽמָּה 1 The word **because** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Also, if it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of the sentences and phrases since the phrase **because they are few** gives the reason for the result that the sentence **Do not let all the people go up** and clause **Do not cause all the people to be weary there** describe. Alternate translation: “Because the people of Ai are few, do not let all the people go up. About 2,000 men or about 3,000 men should go up and strike the Ai. Do not cause all the people to be weary there”
7:5 nyw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers כִּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וְ⁠שִׁשָּׁה֙ אִ֔ישׁ 1 “36 men” 7:3 in9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אַל־יַ֣עַל כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ כְּ⁠אַלְפַּ֣יִם אִ֗ישׁ א֚וֹ כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ יַעֲל֖וּ וְ⁠יַכּ֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֑י 1 The expression **go up** indicates that the Israelite soldiers needed to move upward in elevation in order to attack Ai. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “Do not let all the people go. About 2,000 men or about 3,000 men should go and strike the Ai”
7:5 zcr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם 1 These phrases “melted” and “became like water” share similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that the people were extremely afraid. 7:4 i5e8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַ⁠יַּעֲל֤וּ מִן־הָ⁠עָם֙ שָׁ֔מָּ⁠ה 1 The expression **went up** indicates that the Israelite soldiers moved upward in elevation in order to attack Ai. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “And some from the people went to there”
7:5 j2v2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם 1 Here the people are represented by their “hearts” to emphasize their emotions. Alternate translation: “The people were very afraid” 7:5 nyw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate הַ⁠שְּׁבָרִ֔ים 1 The word the ULT translates as **the stone quarries** could: (1) mean **the quarries** and be referring to stone quarries. Alternate translation: “the rock quarries” (2) be the name of a place. If you decide that this is the name of a place you can transliterate the Hebrew word. Alternate translation: “the Shebarim”
7:5 h4tc לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם 1 The phrase “the people” refers to the Israelite soldiers. 7:5 vluc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠שְּׁבָרִ֔ים 1 A quarry is a place from which people take stones to use for building things. Normally **quarries** are large pits that are deep. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of place, you could use a descriptive phrase. Alternate translation: “the pits where people had dug stones out of the ground” or “a place where people had dug stones out of the ground”
7:6 ty1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ שִׂמְלֹתָ֗י⁠ו וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ עַל־פָּנָ֨י⁠ו אַ֜רְצָ⁠ה לִ⁠פְנֵ֨י אֲר֤וֹן יְהוָה֙ 1 They did these things to show God how sad and distressed they were. 7:5 j2v2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם 1 See how you translated this idiom in [2:11](../02/11.md) and [5:1](../05/01.md).
7:7 jb6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לָ֠⁠מָה הֵעֲבַ֨רְתָּ הַעֲבִ֜יר אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֤ם הַ⁠זֶּה֙ אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָ⁠תֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י לְ⁠הַאֲבִידֵ֑⁠נוּ 1 Joshua was asking if this is the reason God had brought them across the Jordan. Alternate translation: “Did you do it in order to give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us?” 7:5 yl48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם 1 The phrase **became water** is an idiom meaning “became very afraid.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and became very afraid”
7:7 run5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י 1 The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israelites into their hands to destroy them represents allowing the Amorites to have control of the Israelites and destroy them. Alternate translation: “To allow the Amorites to destroy us?” 7:5 k7b1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם 1 The two descriptions the author gives of **the heart of the people** mean basically the same thing. Saying the people’s hearts **melted** and that they **became water** both mean that the people lost their courage and will to fight. The author is using these two phrases together for emphasis. If your language does not use repetition to do this, you could use one phrase and provide emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “And the hearts of the people became very afraid!”
7:7 aq5b וְ⁠לוּ֙ הוֹאַ֣לְנוּ 1 The words “If only” show that this is a wish for something that had not happened. Alternate translation: “I wish we had made a different decision” 7:6 ty1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ שִׂמְלֹתָ֗י⁠ו 1 In that culture the act of tearing one’s clothes was a symbolic act done to show grief. If there is a gesture with a similar meaning in your culture, you could use it here in your translation, or you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “And Joshua tore his garments in grief” or “And Joshua tore his garments in distress”
7:8 x4pf 0 # General Information:\n\nJoshua expresses frustration to God. 7:6 yewb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ עַל־פָּנָ֨י⁠ו אַ֜רְצָ⁠ה 1 See how you translated the phrase **fell on his face to the earth** in [5:14](../05/14.md).
7:8 ke9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion בִּ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑⁠י מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו 1 Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to say. Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!” 7:6 xhvl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יַּעֲל֥וּ עָפָ֖ר עַל־רֹאשָֽׁ⁠ם 1 In that culture the act of putting dust on one’s head was a symbolic act done to show grief. If there is a gesture with a similar meaning in your culture, you could use it here in your translation, or you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “And they caused dust to go up on their heads to show their grief”
7:8 s4eb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו 1 Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “Israel has run away from their enemies” 7:7 tw2k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations אֲהָ֣הּ ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣⁠י יְהוִ֗ה 1 Joshua is using a word that expresses a strong feeling of fear or distress. The ULT translates this word as **Alas**. There may be an equivalent word or expression in your language that you can use in your translation to convey this strong feeling. If not, you could specify that Gideon said this because he was feeling fear. Alternate translation: “Oh, no! My Lord Yahweh!” or “I am afraid, my Lord Yahweh!”
7:9 n2kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠נָסַ֣בּוּ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠הִכְרִ֥יתוּ אֶת־שְׁמֵ֖⁠נוּ מִן־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 Making people forget the name of the Israelites represents making them forget the Israelites. In this case they would do it by killing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “They will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) 7:7 run5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לָ⁠תֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י 1 See how you translated this idiom in [2:24](../02/24.md). Alternate translation: “to allow the Amorites to defeat us”
7:9 r713 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 The phrase “your great name” here represents God’s reputation and power. Alternate translation: “And so what will you do so that people will know that you are great” 7:7 aq5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠לוּ֙ הוֹאַ֣לְנוּ וַ⁠נֵּ֔שֶׁב בְּ⁠עֵ֖בֶר הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּֽן 1 The words **if only** show that this is a wish and the rest of the sentence indicates that this is a wish that is the result of feelings of regret. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use an equivalent expression or indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I wish we had been content and had stayed on the other side of the Jordan” or “I regret that we did not stay on the other side of the Jordan”
7:9 vd3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: “Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name.” or “Then people will not know that you are great.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) 7:8 djz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו 1 Joshua is not asking for information, but is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Israel has turned the back of the neck before the face of its enemies and as a result I do not know what to say!”
7:10 ev1w 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed. 7:8 s4eb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו 1 To turn **the back of the neck** is an idiom meaning “to turn and run away.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “Israel has turned their backs before the face of their enemies” or “Israel has run away from their enemies”
7:10 hqu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion לָ֑⁠ךְ לָ֣⁠מָּה זֶּ֔ה אַתָּ֖ה נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 God used this question to rebuke Joshua for lying there on his face. Alternate translation: “Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!” 7:9 b0og rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִ֗י 1 The word **Canaanite** is a singular noun that refers to a group of people. If your language does not use singular nouns in that way, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the Canaanite people”
7:11 lc29 הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1 These are the things “marked for destruction” from [Joshua 6:18–19](../06/18.md). Alternate translation: “the cursed things” or “those things which God has cursed” 7:9 n2kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠נָסַ֣בּוּ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠הִכְרִ֥יתוּ אֶת־שְׁמֵ֖⁠נוּ מִן־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 Here, the phrase **cut off** means “to cause to end” or “cause to cease.” The Israelite’s **name** represents their lives and memory. The words **will surround us and cut off our name from the earth** means the Israelites would be attacked from different sides by different Canaanite people groups who would then kill them all, with the result that they would cease to exist on earth and be forgotten. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us”
7:11 dd18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גָּֽנְבוּ֙ וְ⁠גַ֣ם כִּֽחֲשׁ֔וּ 1 Hiding their sin represents trying to keep others from knowing that they have sinned. Alternate translation: “They have stolen those things, and then they tried to keep people from knowing that they sinned” 7:9 afxk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Joshua is not asking for information, but is using the question form in order to emphasize that if Yahweh allows the inhabitants of the land to eliminate the Israelites, then the people who live in the land will no longer think Yahweh is a powerful God. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way as modeled by the UST.
7:12 yzi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against their enemies. Alternate translation: “cannot fight successfully against their enemies” or “cannot defeat their enemies” 7:9 r713 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Yahweh’s **name** represents his reputation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And what will you do to preserve your great reputation” or “And so what will you to preserve your fame”
7:12 xix1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “They ran away from their enemies” 7:10 hqu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion לָ֣⁠מָּה זֶּ֔ה אַתָּ֖ה נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Yahweh is not asking for information, but is using the question form to rebuke Joshua. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!”
7:12 fs9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹ֤א אוֹסִיף֙ לִֽ⁠הְי֣וֹת עִמָּ⁠כֶ֔ם 1 Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: “I will not help you any more” 7:10 bfax rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 See how you translated the similar expression “fell on his face to the earth” in [7:06](../07/06.md). Here, Yahweh is referring to the action that is described in that verse.
7:13 u4s8 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues speaking to Joshua and tells him what to tell the people. 7:12 yzi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠לֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 Not being **able to stand before the face of their enemies** is an idiom that here means the Israelites were not able to defeat their enemy, the soldiers of Ai, in battle. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “And the sons of Israel were not able to fight successfully against their enemies” or “And the sons of Israel could not defeat their enemies”
7:13 ln4q אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֔ם 1 This refers to the people of Israel. 7:12 xix1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 See how you translated this idiom in [7:8](../07/08.md).
7:13 j4ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ 1 Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate translation: “You cannot fight successfully against your enemies” or “You cannot defeat your enemies” 7:13-15 nmas rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes הִתְקַדְּשׁ֣וּ לְ⁠מָחָ֑ר כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל חֵ֤רֶם בְּ⁠קִרְבְּ⁠ךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַד־הֲסִירְ⁠כֶ֥ם הַ⁠חֵ֖רֶם מִֽ⁠קִּרְבְּ⁠כֶֽם 1 Starting here, and continuing through the end of [7:15](../07/15.md), there is another quotation within a quotation. In this quote within a quote, Yahweh is telling Joshua exactly what to say to the people of Israel. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation within a quotation.
7:14 gjw9 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues telling Joshua what he must tell the people. 7:13 wlx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes הִתְקַדְּשׁ֣וּ לְ⁠מָחָ֑ר כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל חֵ֤רֶם בְּ⁠קִרְבְּ⁠ךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַד־הֲסִירְ⁠כֶ֥ם הַ⁠חֵ֖רֶם מִֽ⁠קִּרְבְּ⁠כֶֽם 1 The sentences **A banned thing is in your midst, Israel. You will not be able to stand before the face of your enemies until you remove the banned thing from your midst** are a quotation within a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by setting off this part of the verse within third-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation within a quotation. Another option would be to present this as an indirect quotation as in the UST. Alternate translation: “Consecrate the people and tell them to consecrate themselves for tomorrow, because I, Yahweh, the God of Israel, am telling them that a banned thing is in the midst of Israel and the people will not be able to stand before the face of their enemies until they remove the banned thing from their midst”
7:14 dp8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠נִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם בַּ⁠בֹּ֖קֶר לְ⁠שִׁבְטֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 There were twelve tribes that made up the people of Israel. The phrase “by your tribes” means “each tribe.” Alternate translation: “each of your tribes must present themselves to Yahweh” 7:13 ysle rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 For emphasis, Yahweh is instructing Moses to refer to the Israelites in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the second person for **Israel**. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your God”
7:14 scj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה יִקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת 1 The tribe was made up of multiple clans. Alternate translation: “From the tribe that Yahweh selects, each clan will come near” 7:13 cngm לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַד־הֲסִירְ⁠כֶ֥ם הַ⁠חֵ֖רֶם מִֽ⁠קִּרְבְּ⁠כֶֽם 1 Alternate translation: “Until you remove the banned thing from your midst you will not be able to stand before the face of your enemies”
7:14 crt9 הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה 1 The leaders of Israel would toss lots, and by doing this, they would learn which tribe Yahweh had selected. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The tribe that Yahweh selects by lot” or “The tribe that Yahweh selects when we toss lots” 7:13 j4ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ 1 See how you translated this idiom in the previous verse.
7:14 xl85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠הַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּחָ֞ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֤⁠נָּה יְהוָה֙ תִּקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠בָּתִּ֔ים 1 The clan was made up of multiple households. Alternate translation: “From the clan that Yahweh selects, each household must come near” 7:14 hjpk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠נִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם בַּ⁠בֹּ֖קֶר לְ⁠שִׁבְטֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who is required to do the action, the context implies that Yahweh is requiring the people of Israel themselves to do it. Alternate translation: “And you shall come near in the morning by your tribes”
7:14 q8me rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִלְכְּדֶ֣⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֔ה יִקְרַ֖ב לַ⁠גְּבָרִֽים 1 The household was made up of multiple people. Alternate translation: “From the household that Yahweh selects, each person must come near” 7:14 gjw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְ⁠הָיָ֡ה הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה יִקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת וְ⁠הַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּחָ֞ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֤⁠נָּה יְהוָה֙ תִּקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠בָּתִּ֔ים וְ⁠הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִלְכְּדֶ֣⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֔ה יִקְרַ֖ב לַ⁠גְּבָרִֽים 1 For emphasis, Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “And it will happen that the tribe that I, Yahweh, takes shall come near by the clans. And the clan that I, Yahweh, takes shall come near by the houses. And the house that I, Yahweh, takes shall come near by the men”
7:15 d5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד 1 This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “the one whom Yahweh selects” 7:15 iufl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הָיָה֙ הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד בַּ⁠חֵ֔רֶם יִשָּׂרֵ֣ף בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ אֹת֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑⁠וֹ כִּ֤י עָבַר֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְ⁠כִֽי־עָשָׂ֥ה נְבָלָ֖ה בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases so that the reason for the command is placed before the result. Alternate translation: “Because he has crossed over the covenant of Yahweh, and because he has done a disgraceful thing in Israel, the one who is caught with the banned thing shall be burned with the fire”
7:15 g1vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עָבַר֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה 1 Breaking the covenant represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “he has disobeyed the covenant of Yahweh” 7:15 d5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד בַּ⁠חֵ֔רֶם יִשָּׂרֵ֣ף בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the previous verse indicates that Yahweh is the one who will catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things and the context implies that the Israelites are the ones who are supposed burn the one who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “the one who Yahweh catches with the banned thing you shall burn with fire”
7:16 fdv2 0 # General Information:\n\nJoshua follows Yahweh’s command to bring Israel before Yahweh. 7:15 fdmx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה 1 For emphasis, Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “the covenant of I, Yahweh” or “my covenant”
7:16 lzb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֥ב אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִ⁠שְׁבָטָ֑י⁠ו 1 The phrase “tribe by tribe” means each tribe. Alternate translation: “brought each tribe of Israel near” 7:16 g7qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, [7:14](../07/14.md) indicates that Yahweh is the one who would catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh caught the tribe of Judah” or “And Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah”
7:16 g7qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah” 7:17 z419 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וַ⁠יִּלְכֹּ֕ד אֵ֖ת מִשְׁפַּ֣חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִ֑י וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֞ב אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ 1 The term **Zerahite** refers to descendants of the man man named Zerah. Zerah was the great-grandfather of Achan. Zerah was mentioned in [7:1](../07/01.md). Translate the term **Zerahite** accordingly. Alternate translation: “and the clan of the Zerahites was caught. And he brought near the clan of the Zerahites” or “and the clan that descended from Zera was caught. And he brought near the clan that descended from Zera””
7:17 br4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֞ב אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ לַ⁠גְּבָרִ֔ים 1 The phrase “person by person” is an idiom meaning each person. The persons in this sentence were the leaders of their households. Alternate translation: “He brought near each person of the clan of the Zerahites” or “From the clan of the Zerahites, he brought near each man who was the leader of his household” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) 7:17 ha7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names זַבְדִּֽי 1 **Zabdi** is the name of a man. **Zabdi** was the grandfather of Achan. Translate the name **Zabdi** as you did in [7:1](../07/01.md).
7:17 z419 אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ 1 The clan was named after the man named Zerah. 7:17 aygr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד זַבְדִּֽי 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, [7:14](../07/14.md) indicates that Yahweh is the one who would catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh caught Zabdi”
7:17 ha7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names זַבְדִּֽי 1 This is a man’s name. Translate as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). 7:18 q8ct rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֗ד עָכָ֞ן בֶּן־כַּרְמִ֧י בֶן־זַבְדִּ֛י בֶּן־זֶ֖רַח לְ⁠מַטֵּ֥ה יְהוּדָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, [7:14](../07/14.md) indicates that Yahweh is the one who would catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh caught Achan the son of Karmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah”
7:18 u41u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָכָ֞ן & כַּרְמִ֧י & זַבְדִּ֛י & זֶ֖רַח 1 These are men’s names. Translate them as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). 7:18 u41u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָכָ֞ן & כַּרְמִ֧י & זַבְדִּ֛י & זֶ֖רַח 1 These are the names of men. Translate them as you did in [7:1](../07/01.md).
7:19 k521 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **confession, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “confess.” Alternate translation: “confess to him” 7:19 sefx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness בְּנִ⁠י֙ 1 Achan was not Joshua’s son. Joshua is addressing Achan using a polite form of address that someone of a higher status would use when addressing someone of a lower status in that culture. Use a form for addressing someone politely in your language that would be appropriate in this context.
7:19 fv9g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־תְּכַחֵ֖ד מִמֶּֽ⁠נִּי 1 Hiding information represents trying to keep someone from knowing it. Alternate translation: “Do not try to prevent me from knowing what you have done” 7:19 n2jp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שִֽׂים־נָ֣א כָב֗וֹד לַֽ⁠יהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 The phrase **give glory to Yahweh the God of Israel** means “tell the truth before Yahweh the God of Israel” or “give glory to Yahweh the God of Israel by telling the truth.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “now tell the truth before Yahweh the God of Israel” or “now give glory to Yahweh the God of Israel by telling the truth”
7:21 b9nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight וּ⁠מָאתַ֧יִם שְׁקָלִ֣ים 1 This is over two kilograms. 7:19 k521 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּנִ⁠י֙ שִֽׂים־נָ֣א כָב֗וֹד לַֽ⁠יהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **glory** and **confession, you can express the same ideas with verbal forms or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “My son, glorify Yahweh the God of Israel and confess to him”
7:21 y7vj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים שְׁקָלִים֙ 1 This is over 500 grams. 7:19 rp1t וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה 1 Here, the word the ULT translates as **confession** could mean: (1) **confession** as modeled by the ULT. (2) could mean “thanks.” Alternate translation: “and give thanks to him”
7:21 xw3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive טְמוּנִ֥ים בָּ⁠אָ֛רֶץ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I hid them in the ground” 7:20 irxg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠כָ⁠זֹ֥את וְ⁠כָ⁠זֹ֖את עָשִֽׂיתִי 1 The phrase **And like this and like this** is an idiom that signals that what Achan says next is his confession of wrong doing. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “And this is what I have done”
7:23 vh7i וַ⁠יַּצִּקֻ֖⁠ם 1 Use the word in your language for pouring many small solid things out of a large bag onto the ground. 7:21 b9nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney וּ⁠מָאתַ֧יִם שְׁקָלִ֣ים כֶּ֗סֶף וּ⁠לְשׁ֨וֹן זָהָ֤ב אֶחָד֙ חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים שְׁקָלִים֙ מִשְׁקָל֔⁠וֹ 1 At that time, a shekel was a measure of weight. If it would help your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote. Alternate translation: “and about 5 pounds of silver and one tongue-shaped piece of gold (its weight a little over a pound)” or “and 200 pieces of silver weighing over two kilograms and a tongue shaped piece of gold (about half a kilogram was its weight)”
7:24 ta3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עֵ֥מֶק עָכֽוֹר 1 The name means “Valley of Trouble,” but it is best to translate Achor the way it sounds. 7:21 jwg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנָּ֨⁠ם 1 The word **behold** emphasizes the words that come next in this verse. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language for communicating this.
7:21 xw3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִנָּ֨⁠ם טְמוּנִ֥ים בָּ⁠אָ֛רֶץ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the context indicates that “Achan” did it. Alternate translation: “And behold, I hid them in the earth”
7:22 nz5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּ֧ה טְמוּנָ֛ה בְּ⁠אָהֳל֖⁠וֹ 1 The word **behold** emphasizes the events that the author puts next in this verse. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language for communicating this. Alternate translation: “And there it was! It was hidden in his tent”
7:22 u927 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִנֵּ֧ה טְמוּנָ֛ה בְּ⁠אָהֳל֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠הַ⁠כֶּ֥סֶף תַּחְתֶּֽי⁠הָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And behold, the messengers found everything that Achan had hidden under his tent”
7:23 s59g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 Here, the phrase **before the face of Yahweh** means “before the tent of meeting.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “before the tent of meeting”
7:24 ooc0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names זֶ֡רַח 1 See how you translated the name **Zerah** in [7:1](../07/01.md).
7:24 ta3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate עֵ֥מֶק עָכֽוֹר 1 You could translate the Hebrew word the ULT translates as **Trouble**: (1) by translating its meaning. If you do this then translate the meaning of the Hebrew word as “Disturbance” or **Trouble** as the ULT has done. (2) by spelling out in your language the way the word sounds in Hebrew. If you do this you should explain its meaning in a footnote or some other way.
7:25 vd6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔⁠נוּ 1 Joshua uses this question to rebuke Achan. Alternate translation: “You have troubled us” 7:25 vd6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔⁠נוּ 1 Joshua uses this question to rebuke Achan. Alternate translation: “You have troubled us”
7:25 i3rq וַ⁠יִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָ⁠ם֙ בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ וַ⁠יִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖⁠ם בָּ⁠אֲבָנִֽים 1 This could mean: (1) the Israelites burned Achan’s family to death and then covered them with stones or (2) the Israelites stoned Achan’s family to death and then burned the dead bodies or (3) that Achan and his possessions were stoned and then burned. 7:25 i3rq וַ⁠יִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָ⁠ם֙ בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ וַ⁠יִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖⁠ם בָּ⁠אֲבָנִֽים 1 This could mean: (1) the Israelites burned Achan’s family to death and then covered them with stones or (2) the Israelites stoned Achan’s family to death and then burned the dead bodies or (3) that Achan and his possessions were stoned and then burned.
7:26 zcp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יָּ֥שָׁב יְהוָ֖ה מֵ⁠חֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Turning away his anger represents stopping being angry. Burning anger represents strong anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh stopped being angry” 7:26 zcp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יָּ֥שָׁב יְהוָ֖ה מֵ⁠חֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Turning away his anger represents stopping being angry. Burning anger represents strong anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh stopped being angry”
@ -317,6 +321,8 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
8:8 aj5t 0 # General Information:\n\nJoshua finishes explaining the battle plan to his soldiers. 8:8 aj5t 0 # General Information:\n\nJoshua finishes explaining the battle plan to his soldiers.
8:9 yt5n וַ⁠יִּשְׁלָחֵ֣⁠ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ 1 This phrase refers to Joshua sending the thirty thousand men who had been selected to ambush Ai to where they would set the ambush. 8:9 yt5n וַ⁠יִּשְׁלָחֵ֣⁠ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ 1 This phrase refers to Joshua sending the thirty thousand men who had been selected to ambush Ai to where they would set the ambush.
8:9 i3lf הַ⁠מַּאְרָ֔ב 1 Alternate translation: “where they would hide until it was time to attack” 8:9 i3lf הַ⁠מַּאְרָ֔ב 1 Alternate translation: “where they would hide until it was time to attack”
8:10 gnnz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo 1 The expression **went up** indicates that Joshua **and the elders of Israel** moved upward in elevation. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “”
8:11 brnr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo 1 The expression **went up** indicates that **the people of war** moved upward in elevation. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “”
8:12 ycd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers כַּ⁠חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 “5,000 men.” This group seems to be a portion of the “thirty thousand men” ([Joshua 8:9](../08/09.md)). This smaller group remained in the ambush while the other 25,000 men attacked the city. 8:12 ycd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers כַּ⁠חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 “5,000 men.” This group seems to be a portion of the “thirty thousand men” ([Joshua 8:9](../08/09.md)). This smaller group remained in the ambush while the other 25,000 men attacked the city.
8:13 j7b9 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelites prepare to fight the people of Ai. 8:13 j7b9 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelites prepare to fight the people of Ai.
8:13 s1lu אֶת־כָּל־הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֗ה 1 This refers to the largest group of fighting men, those not in the ambush group. 8:13 s1lu אֶת־כָּל־הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֗ה 1 This refers to the largest group of fighting men, those not in the ambush group.
@ -958,3 +964,19 @@ front:intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
6:6 s5ne 1 Alternate translation: “Pick up the ark of the covenant” 6:6 s5ne 1 Alternate translation: “Pick up the ark of the covenant”
6:17 w1sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 1 This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it for destruction” or “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it by destroying it” 6:17 w1sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 1 This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it for destruction” or “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it by destroying it”
6:17 ugl7 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nJoshua continues speaking to the people of Israel. 6:17 ugl7 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nJoshua continues speaking to the people of Israel.
7:11 lc29 הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1
7:11 a4ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo חָטָא֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְ⁠גַם֙ עָבְר֣וּ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֔⁠י אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי אוֹתָ֑⁠ם וְ⁠גַ֤ם לָֽקְחוּ֙ מִן־הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם וְ⁠גַ֤ם גָּֽנְבוּ֙ וְ⁠גַ֣ם כִּֽחֲשׁ֔וּ וְ⁠גַ֖ם שָׂ֥מוּ בִ⁠כְלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 Even though only Achan had sinned against Yahweh by taking from the banned things, Yahweh allowed the entire Israelite military to be defeated as a result of his sin. Here, and in the next verse, Yahweh is saying that he holds the entire nation of Israel accountable for Achan’s sin. Since it is evident from [7:1](../07/01.md), and from what happens to Achan later in this chapter, that only Achan did the the things that Yahweh here says **Israel** did, you do not need to explain the meaning further.
7:10 ev1w 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed.
7:14 dp8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 1 There were twelve tribes that made up the people of Israel. The phrase “by your tribes” means “each tribe.” Alternate translation: “each of your tribes must present themselves to Yahweh”
7:14 crt9 1 The leaders of Israel would toss lots, and by doing this, they would learn which tribe Yahweh had selected. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The tribe that Yahweh selects by lot” or “The tribe that Yahweh selects when we toss lots”
7:13 ln4q 1 This refers to the people of Israel.
7:12 fs9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 1 Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: “I will not help you any more”
7:13 u4s8 Connecting Statement: # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues speaking to Joshua and tells him what to tell the people.
7:8 ke9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 1 Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to say. Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!”
7:9 vd3r וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: “Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name.” or “Then people will not know that you are great.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
7:8 x4pf # General Information:\n\nJoshua expresses frustration to God.
7:5 zcr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 1 These phrases “melted” and “became like water” share similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that the people were extremely afraid.
7:5 h4tc לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם The phrase “the people” refers to the Israelite soldiers.
7:4 ak54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 1 “3,000 men”
7:3 z2xr 1 The word “they” refers to the people of Ai.
7:3 ui7f כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ This refers to the army of Israel.

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
95 2:19 qg47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶה־בּֽ⁠וֹ 1 The phrase **a hand is laid upon** is an idiom meaning someone is injured or harmed. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “that person is injured” or “if that person is harmed”
96 2:20 e659 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תַּגִּ֖ידִי 1 Here, **you** is singular and refers to Rahab.
97 2:21 uxw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּ⁠דִבְרֵי⁠כֶ֣ם כֶּן־ה֔וּא 1 This expression indicates that Rahab agreed to the men’s terms of the oath. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I agree with these conditions”
98 2:21 kdr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠שָּׁנִ֖י 1 See how you translated the phrase **red material** in [2:18](../02/18.md). See how you translated the phrase **scarlet material** in [2:18](../02/18.md).
99 2:22 gjr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֣אוּ 1 Your language may say “went” rather than **came** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “and went”
100 2:23 cv1w אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַ⁠מֹּצְא֖וֹת אוֹתָֽ⁠ם 1 Alternate translation: “all that they had experienced and seen”
101 2:23 hegq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נ֑וּן 1 See how you translated the name **Nun** in [1:1](../01/01.md).
102 2:24 avki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The two spies are using the past tense in order to refer to something that will happen in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give into our hand” The two spies are using the past tense in order to refer to something that will happen in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give all the land into our hand”
103 2:24 tsz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה בְּ⁠יָדֵ֖⁠נוּ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 The phrase **has given into our hand** is an idiom meaning “has delivered to our control.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “has delivered all the land to our control” or “has allowed us to conquer all the land”
104 2:24 eh7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נָמֹ֛גוּ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “have melted from before your face” in [2:9](../02/09.md).
105 3:intro qs85 0 # Joshua 3 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### God dries the Jordan River\n\nJoshua told the people “Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will do wonders among you.” The conquest of the Promised Land is accomplished through the supernatural power of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n### Crossing the Jordan River\n\nIn this chapter the words **crossing over** refer to going to the opposite bank of the Jordan River.
194 5:13 x26s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּה 1 The author is using the term **behold** to focus attention on what happens next in this story. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation.
195 5:13 dztr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אִישׁ֙ 1 Although the author uses the term **a man** here, the next verse explains that this being was “the leader of the army of Yahweh.” The being, referred to here as **a man**, was not a human but was either an angel of Yahweh sent to represent Yahweh, or Yahweh himself. The author uses the phrase “a man” because this what Joshua thought he was before he was told the beings identity in the next verse. Since the identity of the being is given in the next verse, you do not need to explain the meaning of the phrase **a man** here.
196 5:14 ds5l לֹ֗א 1 Alternate translation: “I am neither for you nor for your enemies”
197 5:14 r42a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥י⁠ו אַ֨רְצָ⁠ה֙ וַ⁠יִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ 1 In that culture, this action was an expression of reverence and/or worship. It was a way that a person showed great respect and reverence for someone else. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation. The phrase **fell on his face to the earth** means that Joshua intentionally got down on his knees. In that culture, getting down on one’s knees and bowing one’s head to the ground was an expression of reverence and/or worship. It was a way that a person showed great respect and reverence for someone else. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation.
198 5:15 ge5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 In that culture, the action of taking of ones sandals expressed that the person who took off their sandals was showing great respect and reverence towards someone superior to them and acknowledging their willingness to obey them. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation.
199 5:15 qu3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result שַׁל־נַֽעַלְ⁠ךָ֙ מֵ⁠עַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔⁠ךָ כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה עֹמֵ֥ד עָלָ֖י⁠ו קֹ֣דֶשׁ ה֑וּא 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because the place on which you are standing is holy, you must slip off your sandal from your foot.”
200 6:intro uie9 0 # Joshua 6 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Yahweh conquers\n\nIt was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
230 6:16 fj73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם אֶת־הָ⁠עִֽיר 1 Joshua is using the past tense in order to refer to something that Yahweh will do in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give the city to you” or “Yahweh will certainly give the city to you”
231 6:17 qcml rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result רַק֩ רָחָ֨ב הַ⁠זּוֹנָ֜ה תִּֽחְיֶ֗ה הִ֚יא וְ⁠כָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתָּ֣⁠הּ בַּ⁠בַּ֔יִת כִּ֣י הֶחְבְּאַ֔תָה אֶת־הַ⁠מַּלְאָכִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלָֽחְנוּ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because she hid the messengers whom we sent, only Rahab the prostitute will live, she and all who are with her in the house”
232 6:18 lt6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠רַק 1 The word **But** is used here to indicate that what follows it is in strong contrast to the action of sparing Rahab and the people with her in her house. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast.
233 6:18 a98e הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1 See how you translated the phrase “a banned thing” in the previous verse.
234 6:18 z8cs אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֤ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 Alternate translation: “the camp of Israelite soldiers”
235 6:18 ntwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתֶּם֙…תַּחֲרִ֖ימוּ וּ⁠לְקַחְתֶּ֣ם 1 In this verse every occurrence of the word **you** refers to the Israelite soldiers and so each is plural.
236 6:20 fm69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יָּ֣רַע הָ⁠עָ֔ם וַֽ⁠יִּתְקְע֖וּ בַּ⁠שֹּֽׁפָר֑וֹת וַ⁠יְהִי֩ כִ⁠שְׁמֹ֨עַ הָ⁠עָ֜ם אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַ⁠שּׁוֹפָ֗ר וַ⁠יָּרִ֤יעוּ הָ⁠עָם֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַ⁠תִּפֹּ֨ל הַֽ⁠חוֹמָ֜ה תַּחְתֶּ֗י⁠הָ וַ⁠יַּ֨עַל הָ⁠עָ֤ם הָ⁠עִ֨ירָ⁠ה֙ אִ֣ישׁ נֶגְדּ֔⁠וֹ וַֽ⁠יִּלְכְּד֖וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִֽיר 1 In this verse each occurrence of the phrase **the people** refers to the Israelite soldiers. The first time the word **they** is used in this verse it refers to the seven Israelite priests who carried the seven **trumpets**. The second time the word **they** is used it refers to the Israelite soldiers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the soldiers shouted and the priests blew with the horns. And it happened as soon as the soldiers heard the sound of the horn, that the soldiers shouted with a great shout. And the wall fell under itself, and the soldiers went up to the city, a man straight in front of him, and the Israelite soldiers captured the city”
237 6:20 p5kj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַ⁠יַּ֨עַל הָ⁠עָ֤ם הָ⁠עִ֨ירָ⁠ה֙ 1 The expression **went up** indicates that the Israelite soldiers moved upwards in elevation in order to enter Jericho. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “and the people went into the city”
238 6:20 v2v6 אִ֣ישׁ 1 Alternate translation: “each man” or “every man”
239 6:21 cf5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לְ⁠פִי־חָֽרֶב 1 See the discussion on the phrase **the mouth of the sword** in the book introduction. Alternate translation: “by the sword” or “with the sword”
240 6:21 b19h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism מֵ⁠אִישׁ֙ וְ⁠עַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה מִ⁠נַּ֖עַר וְ⁠עַד־זָקֵ֑ן וְ⁠עַ֨ד שׁ֥וֹר וָ⁠שֶׂ֛ה וַ⁠חֲמ֖וֹר 1 The author is giving examples of the different types and categories of living beings that the phrase **all that was in the city** refers to. The Israelite soldiers killed all the animals and all the humans in the city of Jericho. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “every human being, and every animal.”
247 6:25 l990 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠תֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 The word **she** could refer to: (1) Rahab herself. Alternate translation: “And Rahab has dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day” (2) Rahab’s descendants. Alternate translation: “And Rahab’s descendants have dwelt in the midst of Israel to this day”
248 6:25 d0je rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠קֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 The author is speaking of the Israelite people by association with the man **Israel**, from whom they descended. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the midst of the Israelites” or “among the descendants of Israel”
249 6:25 czcy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 See how you translated the idiom “until this day” in [4:9](../04/09.md). It has the same meaning as the idiom **to this day**. Alternate translation: “until now”
6:26 cq3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אָר֨וּר הָ⁠אִ֜ישׁ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָקוּם֙ וּ⁠בָנָ֞ה 1 Being cursed in Yahweh’s sight represents being cursed by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man who rebuilds”
6:26 len7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּ⁠בְכֹר֣⁠וֹ יְיַסְּדֶ֔⁠נָּה 1 The consequence of a man laying a new foundation for Jericho is that his firstborn son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he lays the foundation, he will lose his firstborn son” or “If he lays the foundation, his firstborn son will die”
6:26 anp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠בִ⁠צְעִיר֖⁠וֹ יַצִּ֥יב דְּלָתֶֽי⁠הָ 1 The consequence of a man setting up new gates for Jericho is that his youngest son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he sets up its gates, he will lose his youngest son” or “If he sets up it gates, his youngest son will die”
6:27 brx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יְהִ֥י שָׁמְע֖⁠וֹ בְּ⁠כָל־הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ 1 This refers to Joshua’s fame, not Yahweh’s. Becoming known among the people throughout the land is spoken of as if his fame spread. Alternate translation: “Joshua became famous throughout the land” or “people throughout the land learned about Joshua”
250 7:intro uv41 0 # Joshua 7 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Sin brought defeat\n\nIt was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
251 7:1 mtm4 v6rb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בַּ⁠חֵ֑רֶם בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל…בִּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Alternate translation: “the things that God had said they must set apart to him by destroying them” See how you translated the phrase **the sons of Israel** in [1:2](../01/02.md), where it is used with the same meaning.
252 7:1 z3zl mtm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָכָ֣ן & כַּרְמִי֩ & זַבְדִּ֨י & זֶ֜רַח בַּ⁠חֵ֑רֶם…הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1 These are names of men. See how you translated the phrase **the banned thing** in [6:18](../06/18.md). Alternate translation: “with the things that Yahweh had said they must set apart for him”
253 7:1 li2v z3zl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וַ⁠יִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה עָכָ֣ן & כַּרְמִי֩ & זַבְדִּ֨י & זֶ֜רַח 1 “anger” and “burned” indicates intensity, not that fire is present. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s anger burned like a fire” or “Yahweh was very angry” These are the names of men.
254 7:3 7:1 ui7f li2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ וַ⁠יִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בִּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 This refers to the army of Israel. The phrase **the nose of Yahweh** is an idiom meaning “Yahweh was very angry.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh was very angry with the sons of Israel”
255 7:3 7:2 z2xr uwga rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מְעַ֖ט הֵֽמָּה בֵּ֥ית אָ֨וֶן֙ 1 The word “they” refers to the people of Ai. **Beth Aven** is the name of a town.
256 7:4 7:2 i5e8 si6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַ⁠יַּעֲל֤וּ מִן־הָ⁠עָם֙ שָׁ֔מָּ⁠ה כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ עֲל֖וּ וְ⁠רַגְּל֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ וַֽ⁠יַּעֲלוּ֙ הָ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַֽ⁠יְרַגְּל֖וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָֽי 1 These men were part of the army. Alternate translation: “three thousand men belonging to the army went up” The expressions **Go up** and **went up** indicate that the Israelite spies had to move upward in elevation in order to spy out Ai. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “Go and spy out the land.” And the men went and spied out the Ai”
257 7:4 7:3 ak54 dx9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ אַל־יַ֣עַל כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ כְּ⁠אַלְפַּ֣יִם אִ֗ישׁ א֚וֹ כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ יַעֲל֖וּ וְ⁠יַכּ֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֑י אַל־תְּיַגַּע־שָׁ֨מָּ⁠ה֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָ⁠עָ֔ם כִּ֥י מְעַ֖ט הֵֽמָּה 1 “3,000 men” The word **because** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Also, if it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of the sentences and phrases since the phrase **because they are few** gives the reason for the result that the sentence **Do not let all the people go up** and clause **Do not cause all the people to be weary there** describe. Alternate translation: “Because the people of Ai are few, do not let all the people go up. About 2,000 men or about 3,000 men should go up and strike the Ai. Do not cause all the people to be weary there”
258 7:5 7:3 nyw2 in9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo כִּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וְ⁠שִׁשָּׁה֙ אִ֔ישׁ אַל־יַ֣עַל כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ כְּ⁠אַלְפַּ֣יִם אִ֗ישׁ א֚וֹ כִּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ יַעֲל֖וּ וְ⁠יַכּ֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֑י 1 “36 men” The expression **go up** indicates that the Israelite soldiers needed to move upward in elevation in order to attack Ai. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “Do not let all the people go. About 2,000 men or about 3,000 men should go and strike the Ai”
259 7:5 7:4 zcr5 i5e8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם וַ⁠יַּעֲל֤וּ מִן־הָ⁠עָם֙ שָׁ֔מָּ⁠ה 1 These phrases “melted” and “became like water” share similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that the people were extremely afraid. The expression **went up** indicates that the Israelite soldiers moved upward in elevation in order to attack Ai. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “And some from the people went to there”
260 7:5 j2v2 nyw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם הַ⁠שְּׁבָרִ֔ים 1 Here the people are represented by their “hearts” to emphasize their emotions. Alternate translation: “The people were very afraid” The word the ULT translates as **the stone quarries** could: (1) mean **the quarries** and be referring to stone quarries. Alternate translation: “the rock quarries” (2) be the name of a place. If you decide that this is the name of a place you can transliterate the Hebrew word. Alternate translation: “the Shebarim”
261 7:5 h4tc vluc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם הַ⁠שְּׁבָרִ֔ים 1 The phrase “the people” refers to the Israelite soldiers. A quarry is a place from which people take stones to use for building things. Normally **quarries** are large pits that are deep. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of place, you could use a descriptive phrase. Alternate translation: “the pits where people had dug stones out of the ground” or “a place where people had dug stones out of the ground”
262 7:6 7:5 ty1c j2v2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ שִׂמְלֹתָ֗י⁠ו וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ עַל־פָּנָ֨י⁠ו אַ֜רְצָ⁠ה לִ⁠פְנֵ֨י אֲר֤וֹן יְהוָה֙ וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם 1 They did these things to show God how sad and distressed they were. See how you translated this idiom in [2:11](../02/11.md) and [5:1](../05/01.md).
263 7:7 7:5 jb6r yl48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לָ֠⁠מָה הֵעֲבַ֨רְתָּ הַעֲבִ֜יר אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֤ם הַ⁠זֶּה֙ אֶת־הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָ⁠תֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י לְ⁠הַאֲבִידֵ֑⁠נוּ וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם 1 Joshua was asking if this is the reason God had brought them across the Jordan. Alternate translation: “Did you do it in order to give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us?” The phrase **became water** is an idiom meaning “became very afraid.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and became very afraid”
264 7:7 7:5 run5 k7b1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י וַ⁠יִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם וַ⁠יְהִ֥י לְ⁠מָֽיִם 1 The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israelites into their hands to destroy them represents allowing the Amorites to have control of the Israelites and destroy them. Alternate translation: “To allow the Amorites to destroy us?” The two descriptions the author gives of **the heart of the people** mean basically the same thing. Saying the people’s hearts **melted** and that they **became water** both mean that the people lost their courage and will to fight. The author is using these two phrases together for emphasis. If your language does not use repetition to do this, you could use one phrase and provide emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “And the hearts of the people became very afraid!”
265 7:7 7:6 aq5b ty1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְ⁠לוּ֙ הוֹאַ֣לְנוּ וַ⁠יִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ שִׂמְלֹתָ֗י⁠ו 1 The words “If only” show that this is a wish for something that had not happened. Alternate translation: “I wish we had made a different decision” In that culture the act of tearing one’s clothes was a symbolic act done to show grief. If there is a gesture with a similar meaning in your culture, you could use it here in your translation, or you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “And Joshua tore his garments in grief” or “And Joshua tore his garments in distress”
266 7:8 7:6 x4pf yewb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּפֹּל֩ עַל־פָּנָ֨י⁠ו אַ֜רְצָ⁠ה 0 1 # General Information:\n\nJoshua expresses frustration to God. See how you translated the phrase **fell on his face to the earth** in [5:14](../05/14.md).
267 7:8 7:6 ke9p xhvl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction בִּ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑⁠י מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו וַ⁠יַּעֲל֥וּ עָפָ֖ר עַל־רֹאשָֽׁ⁠ם 1 Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to say. Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!” In that culture the act of putting dust on one’s head was a symbolic act done to show grief. If there is a gesture with a similar meaning in your culture, you could use it here in your translation, or you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “And they caused dust to go up on their heads to show their grief”
268 7:8 7:7 s4eb tw2k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו אֲהָ֣הּ ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣⁠י יְהוִ֗ה 1 Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “Israel has run away from their enemies” Joshua is using a word that expresses a strong feeling of fear or distress. The ULT translates this word as **Alas**. There may be an equivalent word or expression in your language that you can use in your translation to convey this strong feeling. If not, you could specify that Gideon said this because he was feeling fear. Alternate translation: “Oh, no! My Lord Yahweh!” or “I am afraid, my Lord Yahweh!”
269 7:9 7:7 n2kp run5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠נָסַ֣בּוּ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠הִכְרִ֥יתוּ אֶת־שְׁמֵ֖⁠נוּ מִן־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ לָ⁠תֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛⁠נוּ בְּ⁠יַ֥ד הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֖י 1 Making people forget the name of the Israelites represents making them forget the Israelites. In this case they would do it by killing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “They will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) See how you translated this idiom in [2:24](../02/24.md). Alternate translation: “to allow the Amorites to defeat us”
270 7:9 7:7 r713 aq5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל וְ⁠לוּ֙ הוֹאַ֣לְנוּ וַ⁠נֵּ֔שֶׁב בְּ⁠עֵ֖בֶר הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּֽן 1 The phrase “your great name” here represents God’s reputation and power. Alternate translation: “And so what will you do so that people will know that you are great” The words **if only** show that this is a wish and the rest of the sentence indicates that this is a wish that is the result of feelings of regret. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use an equivalent expression or indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I wish we had been content and had stayed on the other side of the Jordan” or “I regret that we did not stay on the other side of the Jordan”
271 7:9 7:8 vd3r djz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו 1 Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: “Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name.” or “Then people will not know that you are great.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Joshua is not asking for information, but is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Israel has turned the back of the neck before the face of its enemies and as a result I do not know what to say!”
272 7:10 7:8 ev1w s4eb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽי⁠ו 0 1 # General Information:\n\nYahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed. To turn **the back of the neck** is an idiom meaning “to turn and run away.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “Israel has turned their backs before the face of their enemies” or “Israel has run away from their enemies”
273 7:10 7:9 hqu3 b0og rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns לָ֑⁠ךְ לָ֣⁠מָּה זֶּ֔ה אַתָּ֖ה נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִ֗י 1 God used this question to rebuke Joshua for lying there on his face. Alternate translation: “Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!” The word **Canaanite** is a singular noun that refers to a group of people. If your language does not use singular nouns in that way, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the Canaanite people”
274 7:11 7:9 lc29 n2kp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם וְ⁠נָסַ֣בּוּ עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ וְ⁠הִכְרִ֥יתוּ אֶת־שְׁמֵ֖⁠נוּ מִן־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 These are the things “marked for destruction” from [Joshua 6:18–19](../06/18.md). Alternate translation: “the cursed things” or “those things which God has cursed” Here, the phrase **cut off** means “to cause to end” or “cause to cease.” The Israelite’s **name** represents their lives and memory. The words **will surround us and cut off our name from the earth** means the Israelites would be attacked from different sides by different Canaanite people groups who would then kill them all, with the result that they would cease to exist on earth and be forgotten. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us”
275 7:11 7:9 dd18 afxk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion גָּֽנְבוּ֙ וְ⁠גַ֣ם כִּֽחֲשׁ֔וּ וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Hiding their sin represents trying to keep others from knowing that they have sinned. Alternate translation: “They have stolen those things, and then they tried to keep people from knowing that they sinned” Joshua is not asking for information, but is using the question form in order to emphasize that if Yahweh allows the inhabitants of the land to eliminate the Israelites, then the people who live in the land will no longer think Yahweh is a powerful God. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way as modeled by the UST.
276 7:12 7:9 yzi5 r713 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against their enemies. Alternate translation: “cannot fight successfully against their enemies” or “cannot defeat their enemies” Yahweh’s **name** represents his reputation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And what will you do to preserve your great reputation” or “And so what will you to preserve your fame”
277 7:12 7:10 xix1 hqu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם לָ֣⁠מָּה זֶּ֔ה אַתָּ֖ה נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “They ran away from their enemies” Yahweh is not asking for information, but is using the question form to rebuke Joshua. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!”
278 7:12 7:10 fs9m bfax rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction לֹ֤א אוֹסִיף֙ לִֽ⁠הְי֣וֹת עִמָּ⁠כֶ֔ם נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: “I will not help you any more” See how you translated the similar expression “fell on his face to the earth” in [7:06](../07/06.md). Here, Yahweh is referring to the action that is described in that verse.
279 7:13 7:12 u4s8 yzi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Connecting Statement: וְ⁠לֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 0 1 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues speaking to Joshua and tells him what to tell the people. Not being **able to stand before the face of their enemies** is an idiom that here means the Israelites were not able to defeat their enemy, the soldiers of Ai, in battle. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “And the sons of Israel were not able to fight successfully against their enemies” or “And the sons of Israel could not defeat their enemies”
280 7:13 7:12 ln4q xix1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֔ם עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 This refers to the people of Israel. See how you translated this idiom in [7:8](../07/08.md).
281 7:13 7:13-15 j4ki nmas rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ הִתְקַדְּשׁ֣וּ לְ⁠מָחָ֑ר כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל חֵ֤רֶם בְּ⁠קִרְבְּ⁠ךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַד־הֲסִירְ⁠כֶ֥ם הַ⁠חֵ֖רֶם מִֽ⁠קִּרְבְּ⁠כֶֽם 1 Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate translation: “You cannot fight successfully against your enemies” or “You cannot defeat your enemies” Starting here, and continuing through the end of [7:15](../07/15.md), there is another quotation within a quotation. In this quote within a quote, Yahweh is telling Joshua exactly what to say to the people of Israel. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation within a quotation.
282 7:14 7:13 gjw9 wlx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes Connecting Statement: הִתְקַדְּשׁ֣וּ לְ⁠מָחָ֑ר כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל חֵ֤רֶם בְּ⁠קִרְבְּ⁠ךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַד־הֲסִירְ⁠כֶ֥ם הַ⁠חֵ֖רֶם מִֽ⁠קִּרְבְּ⁠כֶֽם 0 1 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues telling Joshua what he must tell the people. The sentences **A banned thing is in your midst, Israel. You will not be able to stand before the face of your enemies until you remove the banned thing from your midst** are a quotation within a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by setting off this part of the verse within third-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation within a quotation. Another option would be to present this as an indirect quotation as in the UST. Alternate translation: “Consecrate the people and tell them to consecrate themselves for tomorrow, because I, Yahweh, the God of Israel, am telling them that a banned thing is in the midst of Israel and the people will not be able to stand before the face of their enemies until they remove the banned thing from their midst”
283 7:14 7:13 dp8p ysle rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְ⁠נִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם בַּ⁠בֹּ֖קֶר לְ⁠שִׁבְטֵי⁠כֶ֑ם יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 There were twelve tribes that made up the people of Israel. The phrase “by your tribes” means “each tribe.” Alternate translation: “each of your tribes must present themselves to Yahweh” For emphasis, Yahweh is instructing Moses to refer to the Israelites in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the second person for **Israel**. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your God”
284 7:14 7:13 scj7 cngm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה יִקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַד־הֲסִירְ⁠כֶ֥ם הַ⁠חֵ֖רֶם מִֽ⁠קִּרְבְּ⁠כֶֽם 1 The tribe was made up of multiple clans. Alternate translation: “From the tribe that Yahweh selects, each clan will come near” Alternate translation: “Until you remove the banned thing from your midst you will not be able to stand before the face of your enemies”
285 7:14 7:13 crt9 j4ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָ⁠קוּם֙ לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ 1 The leaders of Israel would toss lots, and by doing this, they would learn which tribe Yahweh had selected. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The tribe that Yahweh selects by lot” or “The tribe that Yahweh selects when we toss lots” See how you translated this idiom in the previous verse.
286 7:14 xl85 hjpk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּחָ֞ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֤⁠נָּה יְהוָה֙ תִּקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠בָּתִּ֔ים וְ⁠נִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם בַּ⁠בֹּ֖קֶר לְ⁠שִׁבְטֵי⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The clan was made up of multiple households. Alternate translation: “From the clan that Yahweh selects, each household must come near” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who is required to do the action, the context implies that Yahweh is requiring the people of Israel themselves to do it. Alternate translation: “And you shall come near in the morning by your tribes”
287 7:14 q8me gjw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְ⁠הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִלְכְּדֶ֣⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֔ה יִקְרַ֖ב לַ⁠גְּבָרִֽים וְ⁠הָיָ֡ה הַ⁠שֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה יִקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת וְ⁠הַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּחָ֞ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֤⁠נָּה יְהוָה֙ תִּקְרַ֣ב לַ⁠בָּתִּ֔ים וְ⁠הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִלְכְּדֶ֣⁠נּוּ יְהוָ֔ה יִקְרַ֖ב לַ⁠גְּבָרִֽים 1 The household was made up of multiple people. Alternate translation: “From the household that Yahweh selects, each person must come near” For emphasis, Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “And it will happen that the tribe that I, Yahweh, takes shall come near by the clans. And the clan that I, Yahweh, takes shall come near by the houses. And the house that I, Yahweh, takes shall come near by the men”
288 7:15 d5nb iufl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד וְ⁠הָיָה֙ הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד בַּ⁠חֵ֔רֶם יִשָּׂרֵ֣ף בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ אֹת֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑⁠וֹ כִּ֤י עָבַר֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְ⁠כִֽי־עָשָׂ֥ה נְבָלָ֖ה בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “the one whom Yahweh selects” If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases so that the reason for the command is placed before the result. Alternate translation: “Because he has crossed over the covenant of Yahweh, and because he has done a disgraceful thing in Israel, the one who is caught with the banned thing shall be burned with the fire”
289 7:15 g1vn d5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive עָבַר֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הַ⁠נִּלְכָּ֣ד בַּ⁠חֵ֔רֶם יִשָּׂרֵ֣ף בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ 1 Breaking the covenant represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “he has disobeyed the covenant of Yahweh” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the previous verse indicates that Yahweh is the one who will catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things and the context implies that the Israelites are the ones who are supposed burn the one who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “the one who Yahweh catches with the banned thing you shall burn with fire”
290 7:16 7:15 fdv2 fdmx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה 0 1 # General Information:\n\nJoshua follows Yahweh’s command to bring Israel before Yahweh. For emphasis, Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “the covenant of I, Yahweh” or “my covenant”
291 7:16 lzb4 g7qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֥ב אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִ⁠שְׁבָטָ֑י⁠ו וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה 1 The phrase “tribe by tribe” means each tribe. Alternate translation: “brought each tribe of Israel near” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, [7:14](../07/14.md) indicates that Yahweh is the one who would catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh caught the tribe of Judah” or “And Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah”
292 7:16 7:17 g7qp z419 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה וַ⁠יִּלְכֹּ֕ד אֵ֖ת מִשְׁפַּ֣חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִ֑י וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֞ב אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah” The term **Zerahite** refers to descendants of the man man named Zerah. Zerah was the great-grandfather of Achan. Zerah was mentioned in [7:1](../07/01.md). Translate the term **Zerahite** accordingly. Alternate translation: “and the clan of the Zerahites was caught. And he brought near the clan of the Zerahites” or “and the clan that descended from Zera was caught. And he brought near the clan that descended from Zera””
293 7:17 br4y ha7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וַ⁠יַּקְרֵ֞ב אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ לַ⁠גְּבָרִ֔ים זַבְדִּֽי 1 The phrase “person by person” is an idiom meaning each person. The persons in this sentence were the leaders of their households. Alternate translation: “He brought near each person of the clan of the Zerahites” or “From the clan of the Zerahites, he brought near each man who was the leader of his household” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) **Zabdi** is the name of a man. **Zabdi** was the grandfather of Achan. Translate the name **Zabdi** as you did in [7:1](../07/01.md).
294 7:17 z419 aygr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַ⁠זַּרְחִי֙ וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֖ד זַבְדִּֽי 1 The clan was named after the man named Zerah. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, [7:14](../07/14.md) indicates that Yahweh is the one who would catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh caught Zabdi”
295 7:17 7:18 ha7i q8ct rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive זַבְדִּֽי וַ⁠יִּלָּכֵ֗ד עָכָ֞ן בֶּן־כַּרְמִ֧י בֶן־זַבְדִּ֛י בֶּן־זֶ֖רַח לְ⁠מַטֵּ֥ה יְהוּדָֽה 1 This is a man’s name. Translate as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, [7:14](../07/14.md) indicates that Yahweh is the one who would catch (indicate to the Israelites) the person who took the banned things. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh caught Achan the son of Karmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah”
296 7:18 u41u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָכָ֞ן & כַּרְמִ֧י & זַבְדִּ֛י & זֶ֖רַח 1 These are men’s names. Translate them as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). These are the names of men. Translate them as you did in [7:1](../07/01.md).
297 7:19 k521 sefx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה בְּנִ⁠י֙ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **confession, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “confess.” Alternate translation: “confess to him” Achan was not Joshua’s son. Joshua is addressing Achan using a polite form of address that someone of a higher status would use when addressing someone of a lower status in that culture. Use a form for addressing someone politely in your language that would be appropriate in this context.
298 7:19 fv9g n2jp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־תְּכַחֵ֖ד מִמֶּֽ⁠נִּי שִֽׂים־נָ֣א כָב֗וֹד לַֽ⁠יהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Hiding information represents trying to keep someone from knowing it. Alternate translation: “Do not try to prevent me from knowing what you have done” The phrase **give glory to Yahweh the God of Israel** means “tell the truth before Yahweh the God of Israel” or “give glory to Yahweh the God of Israel by telling the truth.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “now tell the truth before Yahweh the God of Israel” or “now give glory to Yahweh the God of Israel by telling the truth”
299 7:21 7:19 b9nn k521 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ⁠מָאתַ֧יִם שְׁקָלִ֣ים בְּנִ⁠י֙ שִֽׂים־נָ֣א כָב֗וֹד לַֽ⁠יהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה 1 This is over two kilograms. If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **glory** and **confession, you can express the same ideas with verbal forms or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “My son, glorify Yahweh the God of Israel and confess to him”
300 7:21 7:19 y7vj rp1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים שְׁקָלִים֙ וְ⁠תֶן־ל֣⁠וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה 1 This is over 500 grams. Here, the word the ULT translates as **confession** could mean: (1) **confession** as modeled by the ULT. (2) could mean “thanks.” Alternate translation: “and give thanks to him”
301 7:21 7:20 xw3j irxg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom טְמוּנִ֥ים בָּ⁠אָ֛רֶץ וְ⁠כָ⁠זֹ֥את וְ⁠כָ⁠זֹ֖את עָשִֽׂיתִי 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I hid them in the ground” The phrase **And like this and like this** is an idiom that signals that what Achan says next is his confession of wrong doing. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “And this is what I have done”
302 7:23 7:21 vh7i b9nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney וַ⁠יַּצִּקֻ֖⁠ם וּ⁠מָאתַ֧יִם שְׁקָלִ֣ים כֶּ֗סֶף וּ⁠לְשׁ֨וֹן זָהָ֤ב אֶחָד֙ חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים שְׁקָלִים֙ מִשְׁקָל֔⁠וֹ 1 Use the word in your language for pouring many small solid things out of a large bag onto the ground. At that time, a shekel was a measure of weight. If it would help your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote. Alternate translation: “and about 5 pounds of silver and one tongue-shaped piece of gold (its weight a little over a pound)” or “and 200 pieces of silver weighing over two kilograms and a tongue shaped piece of gold (about half a kilogram was its weight)”
303 7:24 7:21 ta3l jwg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations עֵ֥מֶק עָכֽוֹר וְ⁠הִנָּ֨⁠ם 1 The name means “Valley of Trouble,” but it is best to translate Achor the way it sounds. The word **behold** emphasizes the words that come next in this verse. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language for communicating this.
304 7:21 xw3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִנָּ֨⁠ם טְמוּנִ֥ים בָּ⁠אָ֛רֶץ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the context indicates that “Achan” did it. Alternate translation: “And behold, I hid them in the earth”
305 7:22 nz5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּ֧ה טְמוּנָ֛ה בְּ⁠אָהֳל֖⁠וֹ 1 The word **behold** emphasizes the events that the author puts next in this verse. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language for communicating this. Alternate translation: “And there it was! It was hidden in his tent”
306 7:22 u927 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִנֵּ֧ה טְמוּנָ֛ה בְּ⁠אָהֳל֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠הַ⁠כֶּ֥סֶף תַּחְתֶּֽי⁠הָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And behold, the messengers found everything that Achan had hidden under his tent”
307 7:23 s59g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 Here, the phrase **before the face of Yahweh** means “before the tent of meeting.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “before the tent of meeting”
308 7:24 ooc0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names זֶ֡רַח 1 See how you translated the name **Zerah** in [7:1](../07/01.md).
309 7:24 ta3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate עֵ֥מֶק עָכֽוֹר 1 You could translate the Hebrew word the ULT translates as **Trouble**: (1) by translating its meaning. If you do this then translate the meaning of the Hebrew word as “Disturbance” or **Trouble** as the ULT has done. (2) by spelling out in your language the way the word sounds in Hebrew. If you do this you should explain its meaning in a footnote or some other way.
310 7:25 vd6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔⁠נוּ 1 Joshua uses this question to rebuke Achan. Alternate translation: “You have troubled us”
311 7:25 i3rq וַ⁠יִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָ⁠ם֙ בָּ⁠אֵ֔שׁ וַ⁠יִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖⁠ם בָּ⁠אֲבָנִֽים 1 This could mean: (1) the Israelites burned Achan’s family to death and then covered them with stones or (2) the Israelites stoned Achan’s family to death and then burned the dead bodies or (3) that Achan and his possessions were stoned and then burned.
312 7:26 zcp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יָּ֥שָׁב יְהוָ֖ה מֵ⁠חֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Turning away his anger represents stopping being angry. Burning anger represents strong anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh stopped being angry”
321 8:8 aj5t 0 # General Information:\n\nJoshua finishes explaining the battle plan to his soldiers.
322 8:9 yt5n וַ⁠יִּשְׁלָחֵ֣⁠ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ 1 This phrase refers to Joshua sending the thirty thousand men who had been selected to ambush Ai to where they would set the ambush.
323 8:9 i3lf הַ⁠מַּאְרָ֔ב 1 Alternate translation: “where they would hide until it was time to attack”
324 8:10 gnnz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo 1 The expression **went up** indicates that Joshua **and the elders of Israel** moved upward in elevation. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “”
325 8:11 brnr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo 1 The expression **went up** indicates that **the people of war** moved upward in elevation. If it is unnatural in your language to indicate elevation when expressing movement you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “”
326 8:12 ycd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers כַּ⁠חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 “5,000 men.” This group seems to be a portion of the “thirty thousand men” ([Joshua 8:9](../08/09.md)). This smaller group remained in the ambush while the other 25,000 men attacked the city.
327 8:13 j7b9 0 # General Information:\n\nThe Israelites prepare to fight the people of Ai.
328 8:13 s1lu אֶת־כָּל־הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֗ה 1 This refers to the largest group of fighting men, those not in the ambush group.
964 6:6 s5ne 1 Alternate translation: “Pick up the ark of the covenant”
965 6:17 w1sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive 1 This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it for destruction” or “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it by destroying it”
966 6:17 ugl7 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nJoshua continues speaking to the people of Israel.
967 7:11 lc29 הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם 1
968 7:11 a4ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo חָטָא֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְ⁠גַם֙ עָבְר֣וּ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֔⁠י אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי אוֹתָ֑⁠ם וְ⁠גַ֤ם לָֽקְחוּ֙ מִן־הַ⁠חֵ֔רֶם וְ⁠גַ֤ם גָּֽנְבוּ֙ וְ⁠גַ֣ם כִּֽחֲשׁ֔וּ וְ⁠גַ֖ם שָׂ֥מוּ בִ⁠כְלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 Even though only Achan had sinned against Yahweh by taking from the banned things, Yahweh allowed the entire Israelite military to be defeated as a result of his sin. Here, and in the next verse, Yahweh is saying that he holds the entire nation of Israel accountable for Achan’s sin. Since it is evident from [7:1](../07/01.md), and from what happens to Achan later in this chapter, that only Achan did the the things that Yahweh here says **Israel** did, you do not need to explain the meaning further.
969 7:10 ev1w 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed.
970 7:14 dp8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom 1 There were twelve tribes that made up the people of Israel. The phrase “by your tribes” means “each tribe.” Alternate translation: “each of your tribes must present themselves to Yahweh”
971 7:14 crt9 1 The leaders of Israel would toss lots, and by doing this, they would learn which tribe Yahweh had selected. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The tribe that Yahweh selects by lot” or “The tribe that Yahweh selects when we toss lots”
972 7:13 ln4q 1 This refers to the people of Israel.
973 7:12 fs9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 1 Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: “I will not help you any more”
974 7:13 u4s8 Connecting Statement: # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues speaking to Joshua and tells him what to tell the people.
975 7:8 ke9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 1 Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to say. Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!”
976 7:9 vd3r וּ⁠מַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֥ הַ⁠גָּדֽוֹל 1 Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: “Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name.” or “Then people will not know that you are great.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
977 7:8 x4pf # General Information:\n\nJoshua expresses frustration to God.
978 7:5 zcr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 1 These phrases “melted” and “became like water” share similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that the people were extremely afraid.
979 7:5 h4tc לְבַב־הָ⁠עָ֖ם The phrase “the people” refers to the Israelite soldiers.
980 7:4 ak54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 1 “3,000 men”
981 7:3 z2xr 1 The word “they” refers to the people of Ai.
982 7:3 ui7f כָּל־הָ⁠עָם֒ This refers to the army of Israel.