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@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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6:22 k3se rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְעֵינֵֽינוּ 1 Here, **eyes** represents the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and we witnessed it”
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6:23 gcst rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וְאוֹתָ֖נוּ הוֹצִ֣יא & הָבִ֣יא אֹתָ֔נוּ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “took” instead of **brought**. Alternate translation: “And he took us out … take us in”
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6:23 s0p6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְמַ֨עַן֙ 1 Here, **in order to** marks what follows as the goal or purpose of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
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6:23 atp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis הָבִ֣יא אֹתָ֔נוּ 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. The fact that Yahweh is bringing the Israelites into the land is implied by the next phrase. You could supply these words from later in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “bring us in to the land”
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6:23 atp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis הָבִ֣יא אֹתָ֔נוּ 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. The fact that Yahweh is bringing the Israelites into the land is implied by the next phrase. You could supply these words from later in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “bring us into the land”
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6:23 az6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis נִשְׁבַּ֖ע לַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. The fact that Yahweh will give the land to the living Israelites is implied by what Moses said earlier in this speech. You could supply these words from earlier in the passage if it would be clearer in your language. See how you translated this in [verse 18](../06/18.md).Alternate translation: “he swore to your fathers that he would give to you”
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6:23 hbyj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to our predecessors”
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6:24 nhg8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּל־הַיָּמִ֔ים 1 Here, **days** refers to a duration of time. If this would not be clear in your language, you could use a comparable expression for expressing the passing of time. Alternate translation: “forever”
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@ -810,72 +810,72 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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7:1 z6qy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִפָּנֶ֡יךָ 1 Here, the word **faces** represents the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
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7:2 h8dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּנְתָנָ֞ם יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ 1 Here **give** means “enable victory over.” Moses speaks of victory in battle as if it were a physical object one person could **give** to another. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh your God will give victory over them”
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7:2 l9ei rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לְפָנֶ֖יךָ 1 Here, **face** represents all of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to you”
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7:2 nm2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְהִכִּיתָ֑ם הַחֲרֵ֤ם תַּחֲרִים֙ 1 See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more infromation about translating **shall**. Alternate translation: “and strike them down; utterly destroy”
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7:2 nm2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְהִכִּיתָ֑ם הַחֲרֵ֤ם תַּחֲרִים֙ 1 See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more information about translating **shall**. Alternate translation: “and strike them down; utterly destroy”
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7:2 o0ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication הַחֲרֵ֤ם תַּחֲרִים֙ 1 The words **utterly destroying** translate a verb that is repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
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7:2 ozxb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־תִכְרֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית 1 To **cut a covenant** means to make a covenant. The phrase refers to ancient rituals around making covenants, which is illustrated in [Genesis 15](Gen/15/01.md). See the imagery and how you translated there. Alternate translation: “Do not make a covenant with them”
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7:2 pw35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּרִ֖ית 1 The implication is that the Israelites should not make a peace treaty with the nations from the previous verse. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “a peace treaty”
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7:3 gecf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֥א תִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בָּ֑ם בִּתְּךָ֙ לֹא־תִתֵּ֣ן לִבְנ֔וֹ וּבִתּ֖וֹ לֹא־תִקַּ֥ח לִבְנֶֽךָ 1 In the time of this speech, parents arranged **marriages** for their children. Their understanding of marriage was that a father would **give** his daughter in marriage, and the other family would **take** the daughter for their son. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could use expressions that describe marriage from your language. Alternate translation: “Do not arrange marriages for your children with their children. Do not allow your sons and daughters to marry them”
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7:3 et7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בִּתְּךָ֙ & לִבְנ֔וֹ וּבִתּ֖וֹ & לִבְנֶֽךָ 1 In this verse, the words **son** and **daughter** are singular in form, but it refers to all children of marrying age from the Israelites and the other people groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “any of your daughters to any of their sons, and … any of their daughters for any of your sons”
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7:3 gecf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֥א תִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בָּ֑ם בִּתְּךָ֙ לֹא־תִתֵּ֣ן לִבְנ֔וֹ וּבִתּ֖וֹ לֹא־תִקַּ֥ח לִבְנֶֽךָ 1 In the time of this speech, parents arranged **marriages** for their children. Their understanding of marriage was that a father would **give** his daughter in marriage, and the other family would **take** the daughter for their son. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could describe marriage in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not arrange marriages for your children with their children. Prevent your sons and daughters from becoming their spouses”
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7:3 et7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בִּתְּךָ֙ & לִבְנ֔וֹ וּבִתּ֖וֹ & לִבְנֶֽךָ 1 In this verse, the words **son** and **daughter** are singular in form, but they refer to all children of marrying age from the Israelites and the other people groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “any of your daughters to any of their sons, and … any of their daughters for any of your sons”
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7:4 y5rt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּֽי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is because”
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7:4 r7ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָסִ֤יר אֶת־בִּנְךָ֙ מֵֽאַחֲרַ֔י 1 Here Moses is speaking of worshipping Yahweh as if it was physically walking **after** him. Moses is speaking of disobeying Yahweh as if one could physically **turn away** from walking **after** Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “they will cause your son to disobey me”
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7:4 pmgv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בִּנְךָ֙ 1 In this verse, the word **son** is singular in form, but it refers to all descendants of the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “your children”
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7:4 r7ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָסִ֤יר אֶת־בִּנְךָ֙ מֵֽאַחֲרַ֔י 1 Moses is speaking of disobeying Yahweh as if one could **turn away** from walking **after** Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “they will cause your son to disobey me”
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7:4 pmgv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בִּנְךָ֙ 1 In this verse, the word **son** is singular in form, but it refers to all descendants of the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “your offspring”
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7:4 rsx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אַף 1 Here, **nose** represents anger. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a body part from your language that is associated with anger or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the anger of”
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7:4 v0pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְהִשְׁמִידְךָ֖ מַהֵֽר 1 Moses is speaking as if Yahweh’s anger was a fire that could **burn** and **destroy**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh will be very angry with you, and he will destroy you quickly”
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7:4 v0pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְהִשְׁמִידְךָ֖ מַהֵֽר 1 Moses is speaking as if Yahweh’s anger were a fire that could **burn** and **destroy**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh will rage against you and hastily exterminate you”
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7:5 m2rl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תַעֲשׂוּ֙ & תִּתֹּ֔צוּ & תְּשַׁבֵּ֑רוּ & תְּגַדֵּע֔וּן 1 The word **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
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7:5 u6w9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמַצֵּבֹתָ֖ם תְּשַׁבֵּ֑רוּ 1 The people groups in the land built stone **pillars** as symbols of their god Baal. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and smash their sacred stone pillars”
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7:5 u2o4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַאֲשֵֽׁירֵהֶם֙ תְּגַדֵּע֔וּן 1 The people groups in the land made wooden **poles** to worship their goddess **Asherah**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and cut their wooden poles symbolizing the goddess Asherah to pieces”
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7:6 bdz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is because”
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7:6 uqx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה 1 Here, **face** represents the surface of the earth and everything that exists on it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are anywhere on the earth”
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7:7 y5fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular מֵֽרֻבְּכֶ֞ם & בָּכֶ֖ם & בָּכֶ֑ם & אַתֶּ֥ם 1 The word **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
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7:7 if5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast לֹ֣א & כִּֽי 1 Moses uses the words **not** and **for** here to indicate a strong contrast between a reason why Yahweh might choose a people group (if they are numerous) and the reality that Yahweh chose a people group for a different reason. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “not for the reason … but rather,”
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7:7 o06l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole אַתֶּ֥ם הַמְעַ֖ט מִכָּל־הָעַמִּֽים 1 Moses says **fewest of all the peoples** here as an extreme statement for emphasis. The Israelites were most likely not the smallest people group, but Moses means that they were insignificant compared to other people groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “you were insignificant compared to other people groups”
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7:8 zl86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי֩ 1 The word translated as **bor** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
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7:7 if5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast לֹ֣א & כִּֽי 1 Moses uses the words **not** and **for** here to indicate a strong contrast. Yahweh could have chosen a numerous people group, but he did not. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “not for the reason … but rather,”
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7:7 o06l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole אַתֶּ֥ם הַמְעַ֖ט מִכָּל־הָעַמִּֽים 1 Moses says **fewest of all the peoples** here as an extreme statement for emphasis. The Israelites were most likely not the smallest people group. Moses means that they were insignificant compared to other people groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “you were insignificant compared to the other peoples”
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7:8 zl86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי֩ 1 The word translated as **but** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “since”
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7:8 fd2o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אֶתְכֶ֗ם & לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם & אֶתְכֶ֖ם & וַֽיִּפְדְּךָ֙ 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
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7:8 l7na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your predecessors”
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7:8 j4hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֑ה & מִיַּ֖ד 1 \n\nHere, the word **hand** represents someone’s power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with mighty power … from the control of”
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7:8 j4hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֑ה & מִיַּ֖ד 1 Here, the word **hand** represents power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with mighty strength … from the control of”
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7:8 xtl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִבֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֔ים 1 Moses speaks of the nation of Egypt as if it were a **house** where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](Exo/13/03.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the place where you were slaves”
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7:8 lkh0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֲבָדִ֔ים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **slavery**, you can express the idea behind slavery in another way. Alternative translation: “forced labor”
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7:9 blcu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְיָ֣דַעְתָּ֔ 1 Here **know** means “think about.” Moses is speaking of thinking about something as if it were knowing it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall consider”
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7:9 iwfa rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וְהַחֶ֗סֶד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “faithfully”
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7:9 ky8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְאֶ֥לֶף דּֽוֹר 1 Here, **1,000 generations** represents the concept of “forever.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this concept in [5:10](../05/10.md). Alternate translation: “for all of his people forever”
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7:10 wzi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וּמְשַׁלֵּ֧ם לְשֹׂנְאָ֛יו אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו לְהַאֲבִיד֑וֹ לֹ֤א יְאַחֵר֙ לְשֹׂ֣נְא֔וֹ אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו יְשַׁלֶּם־לֽוֹ 1 These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “and he repays those who hate him to his face, to destroy him. Indeed, he will not delay with him who hates him; he will repay him to his face”
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7:10 ni27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו & אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו 1 Moses is using **face** to represent all of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in person”
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7:10 xk2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֤א יְאַחֵר֙ 1 Moses is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “He will act quickly”
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7:12 v1lv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical וְהָיָ֣ה 1 Here, **And it will be** indicates that what follows is hypothetical condition. Yahweh will only bless the Israelites if they obey his commandments. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “And if”
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7:9 iwfa rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וְהַחֶ֗סֶד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “is steadfast”
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7:9 ky8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְאֶ֥לֶף דּֽוֹר 1 Here, **1,000 generations** represents the concept of “forever.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this concept in [5:10](../05/10.md). Alternate translation: “for all of his people always”
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7:10 wzi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וּמְשַׁלֵּ֧ם לְשֹׂנְאָ֛יו אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו לְהַאֲבִיד֑וֹ לֹ֤א יְאַחֵר֙ לְשֹׂ֣נְא֔וֹ אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו יְשַׁלֶּם־לֽוֹ 1 These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the sentences with a word that shows that the second sentence is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “and he repays those who hate him to his face, to destroy him. Indeed, he will not delay with him who hates him; he will repay him to his face”
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7:10 ni27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו & אֶל־פָּנָ֖יו 1 Moses is using **face** to represent all of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “personally”
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7:10 xk2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֤א יְאַחֵר֙ 1 Moses is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “He will act swiftly”
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7:12 v1lv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo וְהָיָ֣ה 1 Here, **And it will be** indicates that what follows is hypothetical condition. Yahweh will only bless the Israelites if they obey his commandments. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “And if”
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7:12 co63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם 1 The two words **keeping** and **doing** express a single idea. The word **keeping** describes how the act of **doing**. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “and faithfully doing”
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7:12 xrvz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְאֶת־הַחֶ֔סֶד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “faithfully”
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7:12 xrvz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְאֶת־הַחֶ֔סֶד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “with loyalty”
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7:12 pqt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your predecessors”
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7:13 ghv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהִרְבֶּ֑ךָ 1 The implication is that the number of Israelites will **multiply** through births. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and increase your population”
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7:13 ghv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהִרְבֶּ֑ךָ 1 The implication is that the number of Israelites will **multiply** by births. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and increase your population”
|
||||
7:13 nmj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom פְּרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֣ 1 Here, **fruit of your womb** is an idiom that means “your ability to have many children.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your fertility in childbirth”
|
||||
7:13 rl5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּפְרִֽי־אַ֠דְמָתֶךָ 1 Here, **the fruit of your ground** is an idiom that means “your crops.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and your crops”
|
||||
7:13 k3f8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns דְּגָ֨נְךָ֜ וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ וְיִצְהָרֶ֗ךָ 1 In this verse, the words **grain**, **wine**, and **oil** are singular in form, but it refers to all crops and produce as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “all your crops of grain and all of your new wine and all of your oil”
|
||||
7:13 k3f8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun דְּגָ֨נְךָ֜ וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ וְיִצְהָרֶ֗ךָ 1 In this verse, the words **grain**, **wine**, and **oil** are singular in form, but it refers to all crops and produce as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “all your crops of grain and all of your new wine and all of your oil”
|
||||
7:13 d3v7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ וְיִצְהָרֶ֗ךָ 1 The implication is that Yahweh will bless the crops of grapes and olives. **Wine** is made from grapes and **oil** is made from olives. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and your grapes for wine and your olive trees for oil”
|
||||
7:13 ie2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲלָפֶ֨יךָ֙ 1 Here the word **cattle** refers to livestock such as bulls and cows. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “your bulls and cows”
|
||||
7:13 buvb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your predecessors”
|
||||
7:14 fiu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בָּר֥וּךְ תִּֽהְיֶ֖ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you”
|
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7:14 e33a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה בְךָ֛ עָקָ֥ר וַֽעֲקָרָ֖ה וּבִבְהֶמְתֶּֽךָ 1 Moses is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “All your males and females will be able to produce offspring among you and among your cattle”
|
||||
7:14 e33a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה בְךָ֛ עָקָ֥ר וַֽעֲקָרָ֖ה וּבִבְהֶמְתֶּֽךָ 1 Moses is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “All your males and females will be fertile among you and among your cattle”
|
||||
7:15 qmw7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהֵסִ֧יר יְהוָ֛ה מִמְּךָ֖ כָּל־חֹ֑לִי 1 The implication is that Yahweh will **take away sickness** by keeping the Israelites free from sickness. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh will keep you healthy from all sickness”
|
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7:15 gdzd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַדְוֵי֩ מִצְרַ֨יִם הָרָעִ֜ים 1 Here **evil diseases of Egypt** could refer to: (1) the plagues that Yahweh inflicted on Egypt. Alternate translation: “the evil plagues which the Egyptians experienced” (2) diseases which were common in Egypt. Alternate translation: “the evil diseases experienced by the Egyptians”
|
||||
7:15 dovl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo יָדַ֗עְתָּ 1 Here **you have known** means “you have known about” or “you have heard of.” This does not mean “experienced” which would imply that the Israelites also experienced all of the diseases that the Egyptians experienced. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “you have heard of”
|
||||
7:15 x26j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֤א יְשִׂימָם֙ בָּ֔ךְ וּנְתָנָ֖ם בְּכָל־שֹׂנְאֶֽיךָ 1 Moses speaks as if disease were a heavy object that Yahweh would **put** on top of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will keep you from them, and he will cause all those who hate you to become sick with them”
|
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7:16 myix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ 1 Here **consume** means “completely destroy.” Moses is speaking of conquering a people group as if it was physically eating them up. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “text”
|
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7:16 xbj2 נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ 1 Here **give** means “allow to conquer.” Moses is speaking as if Yahweh will physically give the peoples to the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will cause you to defeat”
|
||||
7:16 aia1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹא־תָחֹ֥ס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם 1 Here **eye** represents to the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them”
|
||||
7:15 x26j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֤א יְשִׂימָם֙ בָּ֔ךְ וּנְתָנָ֖ם בְּכָל־שֹׂנְאֶֽיךָ 1 Moses speaks as if disease were a heavy object that Yahweh would **put on** people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will prevent you from becoming ill, and he afflict those who hate you with those illnesses”
|
||||
7:16 myix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ 1 Here **consume** means “completely destroy.” Moses is speaking of conquering a people group as if a person were eating food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall exterminate”
|
||||
7:16 xbj2 נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ 1 Here **give** means “allow to conquer.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will cause you to defeat”
|
||||
7:16 aia1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹא־תָחֹ֥ס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם 1 Here **eye** represents the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them”
|
||||
7:16 aoch rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּֽי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
|
||||
7:16 yvn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מוֹקֵ֥שׁ ה֖וּא לָֽךְ 1 Moses compares idolatry to a **snare** because it is very difficult to stop once you start worshipping idols. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it will be a snare for you because you will keep on serving their gods”\n
|
||||
7:16 yvn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מוֹקֵ֥שׁ ה֖וּא לָֽךְ 1 Moses compares idolatry to a **snare** because it is very difficult to stop once you start worshipping idols. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it will be like a snare for you because you will keep on serving their gods”
|
||||
7:17 t4z5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo כִּ֤י תֹאמַר֙ 1 Moses is using the word **if** to introduce a hypothetical situation to encourage the Israelites. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “You might say”
|
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7:17 bsr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תֹאמַר֙ בִּלְבָ֣בְךָ֔ 1 Here, **say in your heart** is an idiom that means “think” or “say to yourself.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you say to yourself”
|
||||
7:17 pn9g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אֵיכָ֥ה אוּכַ֖ל לְהוֹרִישָֽׁם 1 Moses is using the question form to illustrate how the Israelites might be afraid of the other nations. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I will not be able to dispossess them”
|
||||
7:18 fbw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication זָכֹ֣ר תִּזְכֹּ֗ר 1 The words **surely remember** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
|
||||
7:18 j6gn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִצְרָֽיִם 1 Here, **Egypt** represents the people of Egypt. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of Egypt”
|
||||
7:19 vi5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמַּסֹּ֨ת הַגְּדֹלֹ֜ת 1 Here the word **trials** refers to the plagues in [Exodus 7-11](Exo/07/11.md) that Yahweh sent so that the Egyptians would suffer. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. See how you translated this in [4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “the great plagues”
|
||||
7:18 fbw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication זָכֹ֣ר תִּזְכֹּ֗ר 1 The words **Remembering, you shall remember** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
|
||||
7:18 j6gn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִצְרָֽיִם 1 Here, **Egypt** represents the people of Egypt. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the Egyptians”
|
||||
7:19 vi5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמַּסֹּ֨ת הַגְּדֹלֹ֜ת 1 Here the word **trials** refers to the plagues in [Exodus 7-11](Exo/07/11.md) that Yahweh sent so that the Egyptians would see his power. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. See how you translated this in [4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “the great plagues that Yahweh sent”
|
||||
7:19 a3ur rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵינֶ֗יךָ 1 Moses is using **eyes** to represent the whole person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you yourself”
|
||||
7:19 fewz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְהָאֹתֹ֤ת וְהַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ 1 The words **signs** and **wonders** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and the amazing signs”
|
||||
7:19 bp4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְהַיָּ֤ד הַחֲזָקָה֙ וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה 1 The terms **mighty hand** and **outstretched arm** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and the very great power”
|
||||
7:19 ph4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהַיָּ֤ד הַחֲזָקָה֙ 1 Here the word **hand** represents God’s power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the mighty power”
|
||||
7:19 djs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה 1 Here, **arm** refers to Yahweh’s power. Moses speaks of stretching out an arm was like using power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the strength”
|
||||
7:19 ph4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהַיָּ֤ד הַחֲזָקָה֙ 1 Here the word **hand** represents Yahweh’s power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the mighty power”
|
||||
7:19 djs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה 1 Here, **arm** refers to Yahweh’s power. Moses speaks as if stretching out an arm were the act of showing power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the active strength”
|
||||
7:19 en3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go הוֹצִֽאֲךָ֖ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “took” instead of **brought**. Alternate translation: “took you out”
|
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7:19 nng5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם 1 Moses is using **faces** to represent all of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “of”
|
||||
7:19 nng5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם 1 Moses is using **faces** to represent people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “of”
|
||||
7:20 xr3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַצִּרְעָ֔ה 1 A **hornet** is a stinging insect. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of insect, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “stinging insects”
|
||||
7:20 sji2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־הַצִּרְעָ֔ה יְשַׁלַּ֛ח & בָּ֑ם 1 This could mean: (1) God will cause the people to become terrified and want to run away. Alternate translation: “will cause them to feel terror” (2) God will send flying insects that sting people and cause pain.
|
||||
7:20 w9sm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִפָּנֶֽיךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
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@ -894,54 +894,54 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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7:24 v25y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שְׁמָ֔ם 1 Here, **name** represents a person, their bloodline, and knowledge of them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “knowledge of them”
|
||||
7:24 c5ov rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם 1 Here, **under the heavens** is an idiom that means “on earth.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the earth”
|
||||
7:24 q4py rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹֽא־יִתְיַצֵּ֥ב אִישׁ֙ 1 Here **stand** means “resist” or “stop.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “No man will survive the battle”
|
||||
7:24 q69t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish אִישׁ֙ 1 By **man**, Moses means anyone from the enemy people groups. This does not mean “any man that exists” which would imply that the Israelites could conquer the world. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “army of these peoples”
|
||||
7:24 icsu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּפָנֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
7:25 y5bl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo תִּשְׂרְפ֣וּן בָּאֵ֑שׁ 1 The expression **burn in fire** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression.
|
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7:24 q69t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִישׁ֙ 1 By **man**, Moses means anyone from the enemy people groups. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “fighting man from these peoples”
|
||||
7:24 icsu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּפָנֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
7:25 y5bl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo תִּשְׂרְפ֣וּן בָּאֵ֑שׁ 1 The expression **burn in fire** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression, as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
7:25 d8rc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כֶּ֨סֶף וְזָהָ֤ב 1 Idols were often decorated with **silver and gold** and other precious materials. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the silver and gold overlays”
|
||||
7:25 k5r7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo פֶּ֚ן 1 Moses is using the word **lest** to introduce a hypothetical condition as a warning for a negative consequence. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “in case”
|
||||
7:25 su6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔וֹ 1 The gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start worshiping them. Moses compares idol worship to a **trap** because it is very difficult to stop once you start worshipping idols. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this concept in [verse 16](../07/16.md). Alternate translation: “you start worshipping the idols and cannot stop”
|
||||
7:25 su6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔וֹ 1 The gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start worshiping them because the precious metals are attractive. Moses compares idol worship to a **trap** because it is very difficult to stop once you start worshipping idols. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this concept in [verse 16](../07/16.md). Alternate translation: “you start worshipping the idols and cannot stop”
|
||||
7:25 vdp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it traps you”
|
||||
7:25 z31g rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֧י 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
|
||||
7:25 kbbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֶ֔חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents _____. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “text”
|
||||
7:26 leby rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תֽוֹעֵבָה֙ 1 Here, the specific type of **abomination** that Moses is referring to is an idol. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “any abomination of an idol”
|
||||
7:26 hmcx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָיִ֥יתָ חֵ֖רֶם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and God curses you”
|
||||
7:26 b8dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet שַׁקֵּ֧ץ ׀ תְּשַׁקְּצֶ֛נּוּ וְתַעֵ֥ב ׀ תְּֽתַעֲבֶ֖נּוּ 1 The terms **detest** and **abhor** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “You shall completely and utterly detest it”
|
||||
7:26 eeub rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שַׁקֵּ֧ץ ׀ תְּשַׁקְּצֶ֛נּוּ וְתַעֵ֥ב ׀ תְּֽתַעֲבֶ֖נּוּ 1 The phrases **utterly detest** and **utterly abhor** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
|
||||
7:26 xs75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
|
||||
7:26 eeub rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שַׁקֵּ֧ץ ׀ תְּשַׁקְּצֶ֛נּוּ וְתַעֵ֥ב ׀ תְּֽתַעֲבֶ֖נּוּ 1 The phrases **Detesting, you shall detest it** and **abhorring, you shall abhor it** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
|
||||
7:26 xs75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “since”
|
||||
8:intro w4zj 0 # Deuteronomy 8 General Notes\n\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-10: Moses reminds the Israelites of Yahweh’s provision for them in the desert\n- vv. 11-20: Moses warns the Israelites to remember Yahweh\n\n\n## Structure\n\n\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Forgetting\n\nThis chapter recalls the great things that Yahweh has done for Israel and is about to do for them. This is so they do not forget him and they will continue to worship him. They must remember that Yahweh is the source of their blessings. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])\n\n\n## Other Possible Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### “You”\n\nEven though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, you and your are singular in this chapter unless otherwise noted. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
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||||
8:1 zvt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תִּשְׁמְר֣וּן & תִּֽחְי֜וּן וּרְבִיתֶ֗ם וּבָאתֶם֙ וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם & לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם 1 The words **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
8:1 v0kt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys תִּשְׁמְר֣וּן לַעֲשׂ֑וֹת 1 The two words **keep** and **doing** express a single idea. The word **keep** describes the act of doing. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “You shall faithfully do”
|
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8:1 rbf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תִּשְׁמְר֣וּן 1 See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more infromation about translating **shall**. Alternate translation: “Keep”
|
||||
8:1 s002 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְמַ֨עַן 1 Here, **so that** marks what follows as the goal or purpose of what comes before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
|
||||
8:1 rje7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּֽחְי֜וּן וּרְבִיתֶ֗ם 1 The implication is that the Israelites will continue to **live** in the land and **multiply** in number through births if they obey Yahweh. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you may live in the land for the rest of your lives and multiply your population”
|
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8:1 rje7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּֽחְי֜וּן וּרְבִיתֶ֗ם 1 The implication is that the Israelites will continue to **live** in the land and **multiply** in number by births if they obey Yahweh. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you may dwell in the land for a long time and multiply your population”
|
||||
8:1 s775 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis נִשְׁבַּ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. The fact that Yahweh will give the land to the living Israelites is implied by what Moses said earlier in this speech. You could supply these words from earlier in the passage if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh swore to your fathers that he would give to you”
|
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8:2 z13w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ 1 Here, **all the way** represents everything that the Israelites saw, heard, and experienced during the time they were in the wilderness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “everything that happened on the journey that”
|
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8:2 mfgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְמַ֨עַן & לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ֗ לָדַ֜עַת 1 Here, the words **so that** and **to** mark humbling, testing, and knowing as the goal or purpose of remembering Yahweh. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
|
||||
8:2 ifes rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲשֶׁ֧ר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֛ 1 Here, **heart** refers to a person’s inner being and will. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what you would do”
|
||||
8:2 mfgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְמַ֨עַן & לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ֗ לָדַ֜עַת 1 Here, the words **so that** and **to** mark what follows as the goal or purpose of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
|
||||
8:2 ifes rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲשֶׁ֧ר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֛ 1 Here, **heart** refers to a person’s inner being and will. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what you truly wanted”
|
||||
8:3 dd7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיַּֽאֲכִֽלְךָ֤ אֶת הַמָּן֙ 1 This refers to the events of [Exodus 16](Exo/16/01.md). The Israelites complained that there was no food in the wilderness, so Yahweh performed a miracle by sending them food from heaven. This food was called **manna**.
|
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8:3 ygr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish וַיַּֽאֲכִֽלְךָ֤ אֶת הַמָּן֙ 1 This does not mean that Yahweh personally fed the Israelites like a mother would feed her infant. What Moses means is that Yahweh sent manna from heaven for the Israelites to eat. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “and gave you manna to eat”
|
||||
8:3 ygr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיַּֽאֲכִֽלְךָ֤ אֶת הַמָּן֙ 1 This does not mean that Yahweh personally fed the Israelites like a mother would feed her infant. What Moses means is that Yahweh sent manna from heaven for the Israelites to eat, as [Exodus 16](Exo/16/01.md) describes. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “and gave you manna to eat”
|
||||
8:3 qz4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo לֹא־יָדַ֔עְתָּ וְלֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּן אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ 1 The expression **you had not known and your fathers had not known** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “you and your fathers had not known”
|
||||
8:3 mxq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹא־יָדַ֔עְתָּ וְלֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּן אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ 1 Here **known** means “known about” or “heard of.” Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “you had not heard of and your fathers had not heard of”
|
||||
8:3 drbh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הוֹדִֽעֲךָ֗ 1 Here **know** means “understand” or “learn.”Moses is speaking as if knowing something were the same as understanding it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he might make you understand”
|
||||
8:3 mrld rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns הָֽאָדָ֔ם & הָאָדָֽם 1 In this verse, the word **man** is singular in form, but it refers to all human beings as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “humankind … humankind”
|
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8:3 t9be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַלֶּ֤חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “meals”
|
||||
8:3 d9as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־מוֹצָ֥א פִֽי־יְהוָ֖ה 1 Here, **mouth** represents the act of speaking, and **everything coming out** represents the words of commands. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “everything that Yahweh commands”
|
||||
8:4 pr86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שִׂמְלָ֨תְךָ֜ לֹ֤א בָֽלְתָה֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְרַגְלְךָ֖ לֹ֣א בָצֵ֑קָה זֶ֖ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה 1 The implication is that Yahweh protected and provided for the Israelites so that their **clothing did not wear out** and their **feet did not swell up**, even though they walked for **40 years** in the wilderness. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Yahweh protected you and provided for you so that your clothing did not wear out from upon you, and your feet did not swell up these 40 years when you walked through the wilderness”
|
||||
8:3 t9be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַלֶּ֤חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “eating meals”
|
||||
8:3 d9as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־מוֹצָ֥א פִֽי־יְהוָ֖ה 1 Here, **mouth** represents the act of speaking, and **everything coming out** represents the words of commands. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh declares”
|
||||
8:4 pr86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שִׂמְלָ֨תְךָ֜ לֹ֤א בָֽלְתָה֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְרַגְלְךָ֖ לֹ֣א בָצֵ֑קָה זֶ֖ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה 1 The implication is that Yahweh protected and provided for the Israelites. As a result, their **clothing did not wear out** and their **feet did not swell up**, even though they walked for **40 years** in the wilderness. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Yahweh protected you so that your provisions did not run out and you remained healthy for those 40 years in the wilderness”
|
||||
8:4 gmq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo שִׂמְלָ֨תְךָ֜ לֹ֤א בָֽלְתָה֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ 1 The expression **Your clothing did not wear out from upon you** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “Your clothing did not wear out”
|
||||
8:5 cb6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְיָדַעְתָּ֖ עִם־לְבָבֶ֑ךָ 1 Here the expression **know with your heart** means “think about” or “reflect on.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall reflect on”
|
||||
8:5 feb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns יְיַסֵּ֥ר אִישׁ֙ אֶת־בְּנ֔וֹ 1 In this verse, the words **man** and **son** are singular in form, but refer to all parents and children as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “a parent instructs a child”
|
||||
8:6 agya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָלֶ֥כֶת בִּדְרָכָ֖יו 1 Here, **walk in his ways** means “obey him.” Moses is speaking of Yahweh if people were physically walking in his footsteps. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to obey him”
|
||||
8:5 cb6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְיָדַעְתָּ֖ עִם־לְבָבֶ֑ךָ 1 Here the expression **know with your heart** means “think about” or “reflect on.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall consider”
|
||||
8:5 feb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-genericnoun יְיַסֵּ֥ר אִישׁ֙ אֶת־בְּנ֔וֹ 1 In this verse, the words **man** and **son** are singular in form, but refer to all parents and children as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “a parent instructs a child”
|
||||
8:6 agya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָלֶ֥כֶת בִּדְרָכָ֖יו 1 Here, **walk in his ways** means “obey him.” Moses is speaking of obedience as if it were physically walking on a path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to obey him”
|
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8:7 ql1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go מְבִֽיאֲךָ֖ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “taking” instead of **bringing**. Alternate translation: “is taking you”
|
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8:7 jl8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶ֚רֶץ 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **land** that has the features that follow. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable way of expressing landmarks. Alternate translation: “a land that has”
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8:7 jl8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶ֚רֶץ 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **land** that has the features that follow. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable way of expressing landmarks. Alternate translation: “a land that features”
|
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8:7 p6ox rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נַ֣חֲלֵי מָ֔יִם עֲיָנֹת֙ וּתְהֹמֹ֔ת יֹצְאִ֥ים בַּבִּקְעָ֖ה וּבָהָֽר 1 The implication is that water came up from under the ground in the mountains. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “brooks of water, fountains, and springs pouring out of the mountains”
|
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8:7 yjhj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נַ֣חֲלֵי מָ֔יִם עֲיָנֹת֙ וּתְהֹמֹ֔ת 1 Here, **brooks of water, fountains, and springs** are all types of flowing bodies of water. If your language does not have this distinction between bodies of water, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “rivers”
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8:8 a63l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶ֤רֶץ & אֶֽרֶץ 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **land** that produces certain types of crops. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable way of expressing the fertility of land. Alternate translation: “a land that can produce … a land that can produce”
|
||||
8:9 gx2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹ֤א בְמִסְכֵּנֻת֙ תֹּֽאכַל־בָּ֣הּ לֶ֔חֶם 1 The expression **where you will eat in it** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “where you will eat bread with no scarcity”
|
||||
8:9 ej64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֶ֔חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “food”
|
||||
8:8 a63l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶ֤רֶץ & אֶֽרֶץ 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **land** that produces certain types of crops. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable way of describing land. Alternate translation: “a land that can produce … a land that can produce”
|
||||
8:9 gx2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹ֤א בְמִסְכֵּנֻת֙ תֹּֽאכַל־בָּ֣הּ לֶ֔חֶם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the phrasing of this clause. Alternate translation: “where you will eat bread without scarcity”
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8:9 ej64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֶ֔חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “meals”
|
||||
8:9 s4ft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֤א בְמִסְכֵּנֻת֙ 1 Moses is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **no**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “in abundance”
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||||
8:9 jnqd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְמִסְכֵּנֻת֙ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **poverty**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “feeling hungry”
|
||||
8:9 s966 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹֽא־תֶחְסַ֥ר כֹּ֖ל בָּ֑הּ 1 Moses is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “everything in it will be sufficient for you”
|
||||
8:9 q74l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲבָנֶ֣יהָ בַרְזֶ֔ל וּמֵהֲרָרֶ֖יהָ תַּחְצֹ֥ב נְחֹֽשֶׁת 1 The implication is that one can **dig** (as in, mine) for **iron** and **copper** ore in the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “its stones are iron ore, and from the hills you may mine copper ore”
|
||||
8:9 q74l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲבָנֶ֣יהָ בַרְזֶ֔ל וּמֵהֲרָרֶ֖יהָ תַּחְצֹ֥ב נְחֹֽשֶׁת 1 The implication is that one can **dig** (as in, mine) for **iron** and **copper** ore in the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “there is iron and copper ore that you can mine”
|
||||
8:9 hcno rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נְחֹֽשֶׁת 1 Here, the word **copper** refers to a soft metal used for making tools and other utensils. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of metal, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “soft metal”
|
||||
8:11 i252 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo פֶּן 1 Moses uses the word **lest** to introduce a hypothetical condition as a warning. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “in case”
|
||||
8:12 eyd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases פֶּן 1 Moses uses the word **lest** to continue the hypothetical condition from the previous verse. If the connection between this statement and the previous one is not clear, you may want to use a connecting word to show how this statement relates to what came before it. Use a natural form in your language for connecting this statement to the previous one. Alternate translation: “especially when”
|
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@ -1314,48 +1314,62 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
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11:31 ke82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure כִּ֤י אַתֶּם֙ עֹבְרִ֣ים אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָבֹא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם נֹתֵ֣ן לָכֶ֑ם וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֥ם אֹתָ֖הּ וִֽישַׁבְתֶּם־בָּֽהּ 1 If it would be more natural in your language to not repeat phrases, you could simplify these phrases. Alternate translation: “For you are crossing over the Jordan to posses the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you, and you will live in it”
|
||||
11:32 h7se לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם 1 Here, **faces** represents the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
11:32 jh1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I set before you 0 God’s statutes and decrees, which Moses is telling the people, are spoken of as if they were objects that Moses is setting before the people. Alternate translation: “I am giving to you”
|
||||
12:intro mt76 0 # Deuteronomy 12 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Covenant with Moses\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. The reasons for these food restrictions are not always known.(See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Israel and Yahweh\n\nIn the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added the gods of the conquered nation into their collection of gods they worshiped. It was rare to worship only one God. Israel was to be known for worshiping Yahweh and Yahweh alone. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
12:1 dsl2 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses is still talking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
12:1 pm4g you will keep 0 Alternate translation: “you must obey”
|
||||
12:1 bb6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom all the days that you live on the earth 0 The phrase “live on the earth” is an idiom that means as long as a person lives. Alternate translation: “for as long as you live”
|
||||
12:2 vl2v You will surely destroy 0 Alternate translation: “You must destroy”
|
||||
12:2 hx1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the nations that you will dispossess 0 Here “nations” represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “the people groups whose land you will take”
|
||||
12:3 v1nf 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses is still talking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
12:3 ucw6 You must break down their altars 0 Alternate translation: “you must pull apart the altars of those nations” or “you must destroy the altars of those nations”
|
||||
12:3 ra63 dash in pieces 0 Alternate translation: “break into pieces” or “shatter”
|
||||
12:3 cj66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy destroy their name 0 Here “their name” represents “the memory of them.” Alternate translation: “destroy them so completely that no one will remember them” or “destroy anything that represents these false gods”
|
||||
12:3 axu8 that place 0 This refers to each place where the nations worshiped their gods.
|
||||
12:4 c44f You will not worship Yahweh your God like that 0 Alternate translation: “You should not worship Yahweh your God like those nations worshiped their gods”
|
||||
12:5 h2cm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the place that Yahweh your God will choose out of all your tribes to put his name 0 Here “his name” refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there.
|
||||
12:5 x9cv it is there that you will go 0 They will go to worship where God decides.
|
||||
12:6 g357 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the offerings presented by your hand 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present”
|
||||
12:6 cdg4 your offerings for vows, your freewill offerings 0 Alternate translation: “your offerings to fulfill a vow, your voluntary offerings.” These are types of offerings.
|
||||
12:6 n2pg the firstborn of your herds and flocks 0 God requires that the people give him every firstborn male of their livestock.
|
||||
12:7 tvl1 It is there 0 This refers to the place that Yahweh will choose for the children of Israel to worship.
|
||||
12:7 a9rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche rejoice about everything that you have put your hand to 0 Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done”
|
||||
12:8 jea6 You will not do all the things that we are doing here today 0 Alternate translation: “You will not do as we are doing here today.” This means that they would worship in the promised land differently than the way they were worshiping at that moment.
|
||||
12:8 qri6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor now everyone is doing whatever is right in his own eyes 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “everyone is doing what he considers to be right” or “now everyone is doing what he judges to be right”
|
||||
12:9 b2t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns to the rest 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **the rest**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “to the land where you will rest”
|
||||
12:9 d8re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to the inheritance that Yahweh your God is giving you 0 The land that God is giving to the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were a possession that a father leaves as an inheritance for his children. Alternate translation: “to the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you as a permanent possession”
|
||||
12:10 fj6s live in the land 0 This refers to the land of Canaan.
|
||||
12:10 p9tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in the land that Yahweh your God is causing you to inherit 0 God giving the land of Canaan to the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were a father giving an inheritance to his children.
|
||||
12:10 d8yv he will give you rest from all your enemies round about 0 Alternate translation: “he will give you peace from all your enemies around you”
|
||||
12:11 v237 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the offerings presented by your hand 0 Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present”
|
||||
12:11 qts6 all your choice offerings for vows 0 Alternate translation: “all your voluntary offerings to fulfill vows”
|
||||
12:12 x3cu 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
12:12 h8ry rejoice before Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “rejoice in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
12:12 m7is rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the Levites who are within your gate 0 Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “the Levites who live inside your city” or “the Levites living with you”
|
||||
12:12 d42i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor because he has no portion or inheritance among you 0 The fact that Yahweh would not give any of the land to the Levites is spoken of as if a father were not giving them an inheritance.
|
||||
12:12 b6hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he has no portion 0 Here “he” refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: “they have no portion”
|
||||
12:13 em7g 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
12:13 q449 Pay attention to yourself 0 Alternate translation: “Be careful”
|
||||
12:13 drj5 every place that you see 0 Alternate translation: “any place that pleases you” or “wherever you want”
|
||||
12:14 h4by but it is at the place that Yahweh will choose 0 The burnt offerings are to be made at the tabernacle. Yahweh himself would choose where the tabernacle would be located.
|
||||
12:15 kks6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit However, you may kill and eat animals within all your gates 0 The people could only kill animals as sacrifices in the place that Yahweh would choose. They could kill animals for food anywhere they wanted. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
|
||||
12:15 lje2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche within all your gates 0 Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes”
|
||||
12:15 pen3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the unclean … persons 0 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.
|
||||
12:15 y3f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the clean persons 0 A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean.
|
||||
12:15 u3a5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown the gazelle and the deer 0 These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. Alternate translation: “the antelope and the deer”
|
||||
12:intro mt76 0 # Deuteronomy 12 General Notes\n\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-28: Yahweh will choose one place for worship in the land\n- vv. 29-32: Warnings against idolatry\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Covenant with Moses\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. The reasons for these food restrictions are not always known.(See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Israel and Yahweh\n\nIn the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added the gods of the conquered nation into their collection of gods they worshiped. It was rare to worship only one God. Israel was to be known for worshiping Yahweh and Yahweh alone. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Words for the Law\n\n\n### “You”
|
||||
12:1 bb6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כָּל־הַיָּמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֥ם חַיִּ֖ים עַל־הָאֲדָמָֽה 1 Here, **all the days that you live on the earth** is an idiom that means “for as long as you live.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as long as you live”
|
||||
12:2 agzn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication אַבֵּ֣ד תְּ֠אַבְּדוּן 1 The words **Destroying, you shall destroy** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. If your language does not repeat words for emphasis, you could use a different word for intensifying a verb. Alternate translation: “You shall surely destroy”
|
||||
12:2 u1wn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תְּ֠אַבְּדוּן 1 See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more information about translating **shall**. Alternate translation: “Destroy”
|
||||
12:2 m2ea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure אֲשֶׁ֧ר עָֽבְדוּ־שָׁ֣ם הַגּוֹיִ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם יֹרְשִׁ֥ים אֹתָ֖ם אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the phrasing. Alternate translation: “where the nations that you will dispossess served their gods”
|
||||
12:2 hx1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַגּוֹיִ֗ם 1 Here **nations** represents the people groups that live in the land that the Israelites will conquer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the peoples living in the land”
|
||||
12:3 ucw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־מַצֵּ֣בֹתָ֔ם 1 The people groups in the land built **stone pillars** as symbols of their god Baal. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “their sacred stone pillars”
|
||||
12:3 tsu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־שְׁמָ֔ם 1 Here, **name** represents idols and knowledge about them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “any trace of those idols”
|
||||
12:3 axu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמָּק֖וֹם הַהֽוּא 1 Here **that place** refers to all the places where the people living in the land worship idols as described in the previous verse. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “those places of idol worship”
|
||||
12:4 c44f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֣וּן כֵּ֔ן לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם 1 The implication is that the Israelites should not worship Yahweh the way the other nations worship their idols. The other nations worship their gods wherever they want, but the Israelites will only worship Yahweh in the place that Yahweh decides. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “You shall not worship Yahweh your God as those nations worship their idols”
|
||||
12:5 parv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast כִּ֠י אִֽם 1 Moses uses the word **But** here to indicate a strong contrast between how the Israelites will worship and how the other people groups worship. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Rather”
|
||||
12:5 on60 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִכָּל־שִׁבְטֵיכֶ֔ם לָשׂ֥וּם אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ 1 The implication is that Yahweh will choose a place for the Israelites to worship him from the land belonging to one of the tribes. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “from the land of one of your tribes”
|
||||
12:5 h2cm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ 1 Here, **name** represents all of Yahweh: his power, presence, knowledge, and so on. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. See [chapter introduction](../12/intro.md) for more information about Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “his presence”
|
||||
12:5 x9cv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd וּבָ֥אתָ שָֽׁמָּה 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** is singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
12:6 g357 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche תְּרוּמַ֣ת יֶדְכֶ֑ם 1 Here **hand** represents the whole person in the act of giving an offering. Alternate translation: “the contribution that you personally give”
|
||||
12:6 cdg4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְנִדְרֵיכֶם֙ 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **offerings** that were given to fulfill **vows** one made. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “and offerings to fulfill your vows”
|
||||
12:6 gq5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת 1 In [Exodus 13:2](Exo/13/02.md), Yahweh commands the Israelites to dedicate all firstborn males to him. This command would remind the Israelites that Yahweh saved the firstborn sons from the plague in Egypt that killed all other firstborn sons. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and the firstborn males that you are commanded to sacrifice from”
|
||||
12:6 n2pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְּקַרְכֶ֖ם וְצֹאנְכֶֽם 1 The words **herds** and **flocks** do not refer to specific groups of animals. They describe any groups of animals that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “any of your animals”
|
||||
12:7 jsco rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַאֲכַלְתֶּם־שָׁ֗ם לִפְנֵי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם 1 [Leviticus 1-16](Lev/01/01.md) describes the different types of offering and which parts of the offering the Israelites could eat. The Israelites had to eat the cooked sacrifice within the court of the tabernacle within a certain amount of time after offering the sacrifice. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “And there you shall eat the portions of the offerings before the face of Yahweh your God according to his commandments”
|
||||
12:7 tvl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שָׁ֗ם 1 Here, the word **there** refers to the place that Yahweh will choose for the children of Israel to worship that is mentioned in [verse 5](../12/05.md). You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “at the chosen place of worship”
|
||||
12:7 a9rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִשְׁלַ֣ח יֶדְכֶ֔ם 1 Here, **the sending out of your hand** is an idiom that means “the results of your hard work.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the fruit of your labor” or “the results of your hard work”
|
||||
12:7 yf5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche יֶדְכֶ֔ם 1 Moses is using **hand** to represent all of a person in the act of working. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you yourself”
|
||||
12:7 wldg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁ֥ר בֵּֽרַכְךָ֖ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ 1 The implication is that Yahweh is the one who enables the Israelites to be successful in all their work. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “which you have because of the favor of Yahweh your God”
|
||||
12:8 jea6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּן כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנַ֧חְנוּ עֹשִׂ֛ים פֹּ֖ה הַיּ֑וֹם אִ֖ישׁ כָּל־הַיָּשָׁ֥ר בְּעֵינָֽיו 1 The implication is that, at the time of this speech, the Israelites are worshiping Yahweh in whichever manner they want to. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Right now, every man does whatever worship is right in his eyes, but you shall not do any of that in the future”
|
||||
12:8 lsm2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive אֲנַ֧חְנוּ 1 Moses is using the pronoun **we** to refer to himself and all the Israelites, so use the inclusive form of that word if your language marks that distinction. If the change in pronoun from “you” to **we** would be confusing for your readers, you could use the second person pronoun here. Alternate translation: “you”
|
||||
12:8 pn42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִ֖ישׁ 1 The word **man** represents all people in general, not one particular man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression and change the following pronouns to fit. Alternate translation: “each person doing”
|
||||
12:8 g6dg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּעֵינָֽיו 1 Here, **in his eyes** is an idiom for a person's opinion or evaluation. Moses speaks as if evaluating something were physically seeing it with one's **eyes**. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “according to his own evaluation”
|
||||
12:9 w9a7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֥י 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “since”
|
||||
12:9 b2t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys אֶל־הַמְּנוּחָה֙ וְאֶל־הַֽנַּחֲלָ֔ה 1 The two words **rest** and **inheritance** express a single idea. The word **rest** tells what it their lives will be like when the Israelites live in the land. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “to the land of your inheritance where you will rest”
|
||||
12:9 d8re rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הַמְּנוּחָה֙ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **the rest**, you can express the same idea with a comparable phrase. Alternate translation: “the land where you will live without having to fight”
|
||||
12:9 lx2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ & לָֽךְ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** and **your** are singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
12:10 d8yv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהֵנִ֨יחַ לָכֶ֧ם מִכָּל־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֛ם מִסָּבִ֖יב 1 The implication is that the Israelites will not have to defend their land from nearby people groups. Yahweh will protect them and cause the other nations to fear the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he will prevent nearby foes from attacking you”
|
||||
12:11 lu6o rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וְהָיָ֣ה 1 Moses is using **And it will be** to introduce commands for the future. If the connection between this statement and the previous one is not clear, you may want to use a connecting word to show how this statement relates to what came before it. Use a natural form in your language for connecting this statement to the previous one. Alternate translation: “Then”
|
||||
12:11 zegd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וְהָיָ֣ה הַמָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֥ם בּוֹ֙ לְשַׁכֵּ֤ן שְׁמוֹ֙ שָׁ֔ם שָׁ֣מָּה תָבִ֔יאוּ אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָנֹכִ֖י מְצַוֶּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֑ם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could rearrange these phrases so that the subject and verb are clear. Alternate translation: “You will bring all that I command you to the place which Yahweh your God will choose for His name to dwell”
|
||||
12:11 y5bp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שְׁמוֹ֙ 1 Here, **name** represents all of Yahweh: his power, presence, knowledge, and so on. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. See [chapter introduction](../12/intro.md) for more information about Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “for his presence”
|
||||
12:11 v237 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וּתְרֻמַ֣ת יֶדְכֶ֔ם 1 Here **hand** represents the whole person in the act of giving an offering. Alternate translation: “the contribution that you personally give”
|
||||
12:11 qts6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִבְחַ֣ר נִדְרֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **offerings** that were given to fulfill **vows** one made. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “and the offerings you choose to give to fulfill your vows”
|
||||
12:12 h8ry rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵי֮ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
|
||||
12:12 m7is rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּשַֽׁעֲרֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Here, **gates** represents the border of a town or city. Anyone who was inside the gates was part of the community. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “is within your community”
|
||||
12:12 d42i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין ל֛וֹ חֵ֥לֶק וְנַחֲלָ֖ה אִתְּכֶֽם 1 As explained in [Numbers 18:21-25](Num/18/21.md), the Levites received and enjoyed the tithes from the rest of the Israelites. Since the tithe is their **inheritance**, Yahweh did not allot any land to them. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh gave the tithe to them and they have no allotment of land”
|
||||
12:12 b6hq waiting rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ל֛וֹ 1 Here “he” refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: “they have no portion”
|
||||
12:13 s8x7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd הִשָּׁ֣מֶר לְךָ֔ & תַּעֲלֶ֖ה עֹלֹתֶ֑יךָ & תִּרְאֶֽה 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you**, **your**, and the commands are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
12:13 q449 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo פֶּֽן 1 Moses is using the word **lest** to introduce a hypothetical condition as a warning for a negative consequence. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “in case”
|
||||
12:13 drj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּרְאֶֽה 1 Here **see** means “desire.” Moses is speaking of seeing something as if it were desiring it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you desire”
|
||||
12:14 tu2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast כִּ֣י אִם 1 Moses uses the word **except** here to indicate a strong contrast between where the Israelites might want to offer sacrifices and the one place that Yahweh commands them to offer sacrifices. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “rather”
|
||||
12:14 h4by rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּאַחַ֣ד שְׁבָטֶ֔יךָ 1 The implication is that Yahweh will choose a place for the Israelites to worship him from the land belonging to one of the tribes. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “within the borders of a tribe”
|
||||
12:15 pi3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd נַפְשְׁךָ֜ תִּזְבַּ֣ח ׀ וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ & אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ & לְךָ֖ & שְׁעָרֶ֑יךָ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
12:15 kks6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּזְבַּ֣ח ׀ וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ בָשָׂ֗ר 1 The implication is that the Israelits could **kill and eat animals** for food anywhere they wanted, as much as they wanted. The command from the previous verse only applies to animals killed for sacrifices. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you may kill and eat animals for food”
|
||||
12:15 lje2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche שְׁעָרֶ֑יךָ 1 Here the word **gates** refers to the entire city or town. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your cities”
|
||||
12:15 e0l8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּכָל־אַוַּ֨ת נַפְשְׁךָ֜ 1 Here **soul** represents a person’s inner being, will, and desires. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “however you yourself desire”
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12:15 ztfi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כְּבִרְכַּ֨ת יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתַן־לְךָ֖ 1 The implication is that the Israelites have animals to eat because Yahweh blessed them with access to food. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “whatever animals Yahweh your God has enabled you to own”
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12:15 q9mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַטָּמֵ֤א וְהַטָּהוֹר֙ 1 A **clean** person is anyone who has is ceremonially clean according to Yahweh’s law. An **unclean** person is anyone who has touched something unclean according to the law. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate translation: “everyone, whether or not they have touched anything unclean”
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12:15 g3mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הַטָּמֵ֤א וְהַטָּהוֹר֙ 1 Moses is using the adjectives **unclean** and **clean** as nouns to refer to people and their ceremonial purity. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are unclean and people who are clean”
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12:15 gti8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּצְּבִ֖י 1 The implication is that the Israelites could eat domesticated animals (which were designated for certain sacrifices) for food, just as they would eat wild animals (which were not used in sacrifices). You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as you are permitted to eat wild animals like the gazelle”
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12:15 u3a5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כַּצְּבִ֖י וְכָאַיָּֽל 1 A **gazelle* and a **deer** are hoofed animals with long, thin legs that can run quickly. Their males grow horns from their head. If your readers would not be familiar with these types of animals, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “such as the hoofed wild animals”
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12:16 gaan rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast רַ֥ק 1 Moses uses the word **Only** here to indicate a strong contrast between which parts of the animals that the Israelites could and could not eat. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Except”
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12:16 fvd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit But you will not eat the blood 0 The blood represents life and God did not allow the people to eat the blood along with the meat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
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12:17 x27w 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses describes to the people all the special offerings and sacrifices that are to be made at the tabernacle.
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12:17 di9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche within your gates 0 Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes”
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Reference in New Issue