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@ -3883,64 +3883,124 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
30:33 br10 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠מִ֥יץ אַ֝פַּ֗יִם 1 Here, **squeezing of nostrils** refers to making people angry. The word nostrils means “anger” by association with the way that a person who is angry breathes heavily through his nose, causing his nostrils to open wide. Your language and culture may also associate anger with a particular part of the body. If so, you could use an expression involving that part of the body in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “and making people foam at the mouth” or “and angering people”\n
30:33 fect rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor י֣וֹצִיא רִֽיב 1 Here, Agur refers to causing people to argue as if **strife** were an object that someone **brings out**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes strife between people”
30:33 qnrg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רִֽיב 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **strife** in [16:28](../16/28.md).
31:intro dd9p 0 # Proverbs 31 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 31 begins with 9 verses from King Lemuel. The last portion of this chapter is a poem about a godly wife. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])\n\n### King Lemuel\n\nThis person is unknown in Scripture, other than here. It is important to recognize that the words in this chapter are words of his mother addressed to him. They are formed like advice of a mother to her son.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### An acrostic poem\n\nVerse 10 through 31 is tightly formed as a poem in the original language. There are 22 lines in the Hebrew language that each begin with a successive letter of the alphabet. However, each language will have a different set of letters. Therefore, it is important to realize this was a single composition with a single theme of a noble or godly wife.\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
31:2 ag7f my son … son of my womb … son of my vows 0 The speaker wants the hearer to notice carefully and to respect the one who is talking to him.
31:2 ye5f son of my womb 0 The womb is a synecdoche for the person. It is best to use a polite term for the body part in which babies grow before they are born.
31:2 p2hh son of my vows 0 Here, **vows** could mean: (1) the mother’s marriage vows or (2) a vow after she married that if God allowed her to have a child she would dedicate him to God.
31:3 irw8 Do not give your strength to women 0 “Do not work hard trying to have sex with women,” either outside of marriage or with concubines.
31:3 tuq5 or your ways to those who destroy kings 0 Alternate translation: “or allow those who destroy kings to advise you”
31:3 j3yt your ways 0 This could mean: (1) “the way you live your life” or (2) “the work you do”
31:3 v8um those who destroy kings 0 probably the immoral “women” to whom he is not to give his strength
31:4 s8mw Lemuel 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 31:1](../31/01.md).
31:5 ex8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive what has been decreed 0 This can be translated in active form. This could mean: (1) “what God has decreed” or (2) “what the kings themselves have decreed”
31:5 w2jv pervert the rights of all the afflicted 0 Alternate translation: “deny afflicted people their legal rights”
31:5 y3ds pervert 0 exchange good for evil
31:5 mdn6 all the afflicted 0 Alternate translation: “all those people whom others wrongfully harm”
31:6 q63s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis and wine 0 The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “and give wine”
31:6 i7g7 in bitter distress 0 Alternate translation: “who’s souls are bitter” or “who are in misery”
31:7 f15v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns his poverty 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **poverty**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “how poor he is”
31:7 cb4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns his trouble 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **trouble**, you could express the same idea with a clause. Alternate translation: “the bad things that are happening to him”
31:8 r3tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Speak for those who cannot speak 0 Speaking is a metonym for using words to defend innocent people. Alternate translation: “Defend those who cannot defend themselves”
31:8 mxp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the causes of all who are perishing 0 The cause represents the person whose cause it is. Alternate translation: “so that people will treat all who are perishing justly”
31:8 e1y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis for the causes 0 The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “speak for the causes” or “speak out for”
31:9 yc2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet poor and needy people 0 These two words have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “people who are poor and cannot get the things that they need”
31:10 ufh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who can find a capable wife? 0 The writer asks a question to show that he is beginning a new section. Alternate translation: “Not many men can find a capable wife.” or “Not many men can find a wife who is able to do many things well.”
31:10 v97s Her value is far more than jewels 0 Alternate translation: “She is more precious than jewels”
31:11 i7un rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes he will never be poor 0 This litotes can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “he will always have what he needs”
31:13 usy5 wool 0 sheep’s hair that is used to make cloth
31:13 xs1v flax 0 a plant whose fiber is used to make linen
31:13 n9qr with the delight of her hands 0 Possible meanings are that the word **delight** describes: (1) how she feels as she works, “gladly with her hands,” or (2) how she feels about the wool and flax, “with her hands on things that she enjoys working with”
31:14 h984 merchant 0 someone who buys and sells
31:15 ry3t distributes the work for her female servants 0 Alternate translation: “tells her female servants what work each of them is to do that day”
31:16 fgc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of her hands 0 The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “the money she has earned” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
31:17 vv53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom She dresses herself with strength 0 Putting on clothes is a metonym for preparing for work. Alternate translation: “She prepares herself for hard physical work”
31:17 fn86 makes her arms strong 0 Alternate translation: “she strengthens her arms by doing her work”
31:18 jpw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all night long her lamp is not extinguished 0 This is probably an exaggeration: she works late into the night, but not from dusk to dawn. Alternate translation: “She burns a lamp through the night as she works” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
31:19 d3iv spindle 0 a thin rod or stick with pointed ends that is used in making thread
31:20 en6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy reaches out with her hand to poor 0 The hand is a metonym for the help the woman uses her hand to give. Alternate translation: “helps poor”
31:20 s1we reaches out with her hands to 0 These words translate the same words translated “puts her hands on” in [Proverbs 31:19](../31/19.md).
31:21 tt96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy are clothed in scarlet 0 Here “scarlet” does not refer to the color of the cloth, but that the clothing is expensive and warm. Alternate translation: “have expensive, warm clothing”
31:21 ail4 scarlet 0 The color red, but with a hint of orange.
31:22 a3x1 linen 0 cloth made of flax yarn
31:23 ra37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Her husband is known 0 This can be translated in active form. The verb “know” is a metonym for respect. Alternate translation: “People respect her husband”
31:23 dbz1 when he sits with the elders of the land 0 to make laws and settle arguments
31:24 d6wi linen 0 cloth made from flax yarn
31:24 ghw5 sashes 0 long pieces of cloth worn around the waist or over one shoulder
31:25 k3bi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor She is clothed with strength and honor 0 Having strength and honor is spoken of as if the woman were wearing them. This can be translated in active form. The abstract nouns “strength” and “honor” can be translated by an adjective and a verb, respectively. Alternate translation: “Everyone can see that she is strong, and so they honor her”
31:25 a29g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole laughs at the time to come 0 This is probably an exaggeration to show that she is not afraid. Alternate translation: “is not afraid of what will happen in the future”
31:26 lb6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy opens her mouth with wisdom 0 The act of opening her mouth is a metonym for speaking. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wisdom**, you could express the same idea with an adverb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “she speaks wisely” or “she speaks wise words”
31:26 q9jl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the law of kindness is on her tongue 0 The phrase “on her tongue” refers to her speaking, as the tongue is part of the mouth. The phrase “the law of kindness” refers to her teaching people to be kind. Alternate translation: “she teaches people to be kind”
31:27 uqe6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor watches over the ways of her household 0 The word “ways” refers to the way people live. Alternate translation: “makes sure her whole family lives in a way that pleases God”
31:27 ynb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom does not eat the bread of idleness 0 To “eat the bread of” something means to do something. Alternate translation: “she is not idle”
31:27 j79l idleness 0 doing nothing and being lazy
31:28 hq5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rise up and 0 This could mean: (1) literally “stand up and” or (2) as a metonym, “actively.”
31:28 lqv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations call her blessed 0 saying that good things have happened to her because she has done good things. This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “congratulate her” or “say, ‘Yay, Mom!’”
31:29 fl85 you surpassed 0 Alternate translation: “you have done better than”
31:30 e8cj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Elegance is deceptive 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **elegance**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “A gracious woman can deceive people” or “A woman with good manners could really be evil” See how you translated this in [11:16](../11/16.md).
31:30 qcq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns beauty is vain 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **beauty**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “a woman who is beautiful now will not always be beautiful”
31:30 k9e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive she will be praised 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will praise her”
31:31 df11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of her hands 0 The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. See how you translated this in [31:16](./16.md). Alternate translation: “the money she has earned”
31:31 ef6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let her works praise her in the gates 0 She will be praised for her works, not by her works. Those “in the gates” are the important people of the city who conduct business and legal affairs near the gates of the city. Alternate translation: “may the important people of the city praise her because of the works she has done”
31:intro dd9p 0 # Proverbs 31 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n8. Sayings from Lemuel (31:1–9)\n9. Description of a good and capable wife (31:10–31)\n\nChapter 31 is the chapter in this book written by Lemuel, who wrote down the advice that his mother told him. Lemuel is only mentioned here in the Bible.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Acrostic poem\n\n[Proverbs 31:10](../31/10.md)–[31](../31/31.md) is a poem in which each line begins with a successive letter of the alphabet in the original language. Using every letter of the language in that way expresses the idea of comprehensiveness and also helps people memorize the poem. In [31:10](../31/10.md)–[31](../31/31.md) the acrostic poem emphasizes that virtuous women demonstrate their virtue in everything that they do. If it is impossible to translate this poem into an acrostic poem in your language, you could use a different way in your language to indicate that these verses are one poem about the same topic.\n
31:1 xlg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דִּ֭בְרֵי 1 See how you translated the same use of **words** in [1:6](../01/06.md).
31:1 blmf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַ֝שָּׂ֗א 1 See how you translated the same use of **burden** in [30:1](../30/01.md).
31:2 ag7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks מַה־בְּ֭רִ⁠י 1 [32:2](../32/02.md)–[31](../31/31.md) is a long quotation of what Lemuel’s mother told him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation.\n
31:2 h9dw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מַה־בְּ֭רִ⁠י וּ⁠מַֽה־בַּר־בִּטְנִ֑⁠י וּ֝⁠מֶה בַּר־נְדָרָֽ⁠י 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “What should I say to you, my son? And what should I say to you, son of my womb? And what should I say to you, son of my vows?”
31:2 xrr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מַה־בְּ֭רִ⁠י וּ⁠מַֽה־בַּר־בִּטְנִ֑⁠י וּ֝⁠מֶה בַּר־נְדָרָֽ⁠י 1 These three questions could be: (1) rhetorical questions that Lemuel’s mother asks in order to emphasize that her **son** should listen to what she is about to say. Alternate translation: “This is what I should tell you, my son! And this is what I should tell you, son of my womb! And this is what I should tell you, son of my vows!” (2) exclamations in which **What** is not introducing a question. Alternate translation: “O, my son! O, son of my womb! O, son of my vows!”
31:2 ye5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בַּר־בִּטְנִ֑⁠י 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother is using the possessive form to describe a **son** whom she had carried in her **womb**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “son whom I carried in my womb”
31:2 p2hh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּר־נְדָרָֽ⁠י 1 Here, **vows** could mean: (1) the promise Lemuel’s mother made to dedicate her **son** to God if he allowed her to have a child. Alternate translation: “son whom I dedicated to Yahweh” (2) Lemuel is the result of God hearing his mother’s **vows**, in which case **vows** would refer to prayers. Alternate translation: “son whom I prayed for”
31:3 irw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן לַ⁠נָּשִׁ֣ים חֵילֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 Lemuel’s mother is referring to sex in a polite way by using the phrase **give your strength to women**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not tire yourself out with women” or “Do not waste your energy on having sex with women”
31:3 rbvl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝⁠דְרָכֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 Here, **your ways** could mean: (1) the same as **your strength** in the previous clause, which is parallel to this clause. Alternate translation: “or your vigor” (2) a person’s regular behavior, which is what **ways** usually means in Proverbs. Alternate translation: “or what you do”
31:3 tuq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לַֽ⁠מְח֥וֹת מְלָכִֽין 1 The parallelism between this clause and the previous clause indicates that this phrase refers to **women** who **cause kings to be wiped out**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to those women who cause kings to be wiped out”
31:4 t6lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אַ֤ל לַֽ⁠מְלָכִ֨ים ׀ לְֽמוֹאֵ֗ל אַ֣ל לַֽ⁠מְלָכִ֣ים 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother repeats the same phrase for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “It is absolutely not for kings, Lemuel”
31:4 s8mw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אַ֤ל לַֽ⁠מְלָכִ֨ים ׀ & אַ֣ל לַֽ⁠מְלָכִ֣ים 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “It is not appropriate for kings … it is not appropriate for kings”
31:4 d98h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants או 1 Some ancient copies say that the word translated as **or** is a different word that means “desire” or “crave,” which makes sense because of the parallelism with **drink wine** in the previous clause. If a translation of the Bible already exists in your area, you could consider using the reading in that translation. If there is not already a Bible translation in your area, you may wish to follow the readings of ULT and UST.\n
31:5 dwo5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִ֭שְׁתֶּה 1 Here, **he** refers to the kings and dignitaries mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those kings or dignitaries drink”
31:5 ex8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מְחֻקָּ֑ק 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. This phrase refers to the laws of the country that these kings or dignitaries rule over. Alternate translation: “what the law decrees” or “their laws”
31:5 dfk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וִֽ֝⁠ישַׁנֶּה דִּ֣ין 1 Here, **pervert the legal claim** refers to depriving people of their legal rights. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and deny the legal rights of”
31:5 w2jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun דִּ֣ין כָּל־בְּנֵי־עֹֽנִי 1 Here, **the legal claim** and **the afflicted one** refer to claims and afflicted people in general, not a specific **claim** or **afflicted one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural phrases. Alternate translation: “any legal claim of all the sons of any afflicted person”
31:5 y3ds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּנֵי־עֹֽנִי 1 Here, **the sons of the afflicted one** refers to afflicted people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “afflicted people”
31:6 q63s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְ⁠אוֹבֵ֑ד 1 Here, **the perishing one** refers to dying people in general, not a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “to any perishing person”
31:6 yq7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ֝⁠יַיִן 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and give wine”
31:6 i7g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְ⁠מָ֣רֵי נָֽפֶשׁ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother refers to people who feel miserable as if their souls are **bitter**. Here, **soul** refers to a person’s inner being or mind, as in [23:7](../23/07.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to those who are miserable”
31:7 gp00 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִ֭שְׁתֶּה וְ⁠יִשְׁכַּ֣ח רִישׁ֑⁠וֹ וַ֝⁠עֲמָל֗⁠וֹ לֹ֣א יִזְכָּר־עֽוֹד 1 **He** and **his** refer to “the perishing one” and “those bitter of soul” in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Those dying and miserable people will drink and forget their poverty, and their trouble they will not remember again”
31:7 s7xc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִ֭שְׁתֶּה 1 Lemuel’s mother implies that **He will drink** wine or some other intoxicating drink, as mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “He will drink wine or intoxicating drink”
31:7 f15v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רִישׁ֑⁠וֹ וַ֝⁠עֲמָל֗⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **poverty** in [6:11](../06/11.md) and **trouble** in [24:2](../24/02.md).
31:8 r3tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פְּתַח־פִּ֥י⁠ךָ לְ⁠אִלֵּ֑ם 1 **Open your mouth** refers to doing so in order to say something to defend someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Open your mouth to speak on behalf of a mute one”
31:8 iobn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְ⁠אִלֵּ֑ם אֶל־דִּ֝֗ין כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י חֲלֽוֹף 1 Here, **a mute one**, **the legal claim**, and **the one passing away** refer to these people and things in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “for any mute person, for any legal claim of all the sons of any person passing away”
31:8 wlnu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אֶל־דִּ֝֗ין 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence or use a connecting word if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “open your mouth for the legal claim of” or “and for the legal claim of”
31:8 mxp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּנֵ֥י חֲלֽוֹף 1 See how you translated the same use of **the sons of** in [31:5](../31/05.md).
31:8 e1y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism חֲלֽוֹף 1 Lemuel’s mother is referring to death in a polite way by using the phrase **passing away**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more normal polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “the dying one”
31:9 paxx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis פְּתַח־פִּ֥י⁠ךָ שְׁפָט־צֶ֑דֶק 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the second clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Open your mouth for the afflicted one and poor one and judge them with righteousness”
31:9 yc2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פְּתַח־פִּ֥י⁠ךָ 1 See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
31:9 rn4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צֶ֑דֶק 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **righteousness** in [1:3](../01/03.md).\n
31:9 qs0j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ֝⁠דִ֗ין עָנִ֥י וְ⁠אֶבְיֽוֹן 1 Here, **the legal case**, **the afflicted one**, and **poor one** refer to legal cases and types of people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “and plead any legal case of any afflicted person and any poor person”
31:10 ufh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אֵֽשֶׁת־חַ֭יִל מִ֣י יִמְצָ֑א 1 Lemuel’s mother is using the question form to emphasize the difficulty of finding a wife of **worth**. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation Alternate translation: “Not many men can find a woman of worth!”
31:10 d5xz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֵֽשֶׁת־חַ֭יִל & מִכְרָֽ⁠הּ 1 **A woman of worth** and **her** refer to a type of **woman** in general, not a particular **woman**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any woman of worth … that woman’s value”
31:10 lu9o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֵֽשֶׁת־חַ֭יִל 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother is using the possessive form to describe a **woman** who is characterized by **worth**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A worthy woman”
31:10 abq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חַ֭יִל 1 Here, **worth** refers to both physical ability and moral **worth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “physical and moral worth”
31:10 v97s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִ⁠פְּנִינִ֣ים 1 See how you translated **corals** in [3:15](../03/15.md).
31:11 eoyv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֣ב בַּעְלָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, **heart** refers to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [14:10](../14/10.md).
31:11 f6zb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝⁠שָׁלָ֗ל 1 Although the word translated as **spoil** usually refers to wealth that soldiers seize after winning a battle or that thieves steal, here it refers to the valuable things that this **husband** gains because of his wife. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and great wealth from her”
31:11 i7un rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֣א יֶחְסָֽר 1 Lemuel’s mother is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “he will always have”
31:12 pw8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ט֣וֹב וְ⁠לֹא־רָ֑ע 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **good** in [11:27](../11/27.md) and **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
31:12 czv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet ט֣וֹב וְ⁠לֹא־רָ֑ע 1 The expressions**good** and **not evil** mean the same thing. Lemuel’s mother is using the two expressions together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “extremely good”
31:12 uvlp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חַיֶּֽי⁠ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **life** in [10:16](../10/16.md).
31:13 dukg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דָּ֭רְשָׁה 1 The fact that she **works** in the next clause indicates that this woman finds what she **searches** for. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “She finds”
31:13 usy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown צֶ֣מֶר 1 The term **wool** refers to the hair of sheep, which was used to make warm clothing for winter. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of material, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “warm fabric” or “material to make into winter clothing”
31:13 xs1v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּ⁠פִשְׁתִּ֑ים 1 The term **linens** refers to a type of plant that was used to make cool clothing for summer. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of material, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “cool fabric” or “material to make into summer clothing”
31:13 mupw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ֝⁠תַּ֗עַשׂ 1 Here, **works** refers to making clothing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and makes clothing”
31:13 n9qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בְּ⁠חֵ֣פֶץ כַּפֶּֽי⁠הָ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother speaks of this woman feeling **delight** while she uses **her palms** to make clothing as if **her palms** were people who feel that **delight**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “delightfully with her palms”
31:14 h984 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure הָ֭יְתָה כָּ⁠אֳנִיּ֣וֹת סוֹחֵ֑ר מִ֝⁠מֶּרְחָ֗ק תָּבִ֥יא לַחְמָֽ⁠הּ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “She brings her bread from far away, like the ships of a merchant”\n
31:14 pji9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לַחְמָֽ⁠הּ 1 See how you translated the same use of **bread** in [9:5](../09/05.md).
31:15 t7y0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠ע֬וֹד לַ֗יְלָה 1 Here, **night** refers to the time before the sun rises in the morning, not the middle of the night. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “while it is still dark” or “before the sun rises”
31:15 bavq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal וַ⁠תִּתֵּ֣ן 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows is the purpose for the woman rising **while still night**. Use a connector in your language that makes indicates a purpose. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of giving”\n
31:15 szxz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠בֵיתָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, **house** represents the family who lives in **her house**. See how you translated the same use of **house** in [3:33](../03/33.md).
31:15 ajq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝⁠חֹ֗ק 1 Here, **portion** refers to **a portion** of **food**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and a portion of food”
31:15 ofk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠נַעֲרֹתֶֽי⁠הָ 1 Here, **young women** refers to female servants who serve this woman and live in her home. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to her servant girls”
31:16 wkld rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit זָמְמָ֣ה שָׂ֭דֶה 1 Here, **considers** refers to planning carefully before buying **a field**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “She considers carefully about buying a field”
31:16 fgc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠פְּרִ֥י כַ֝פֶּ֗י⁠הָ 1 Here, **the fruit of her palms** refers to the money that the woman has earned by selling the clothing she made with **her palms** in [31:13](../31/13.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the money she has earned”
31:17 vv53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חָֽגְרָ֣ה & מָתְנֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 The phrase **girds her loins** refers to preparing to do work, which involved tying up the loose ends of one’s clothes with a belt so that the clothes do not get in the person’s way while working. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “She prepares herself to work”
31:17 srsr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְ⁠ע֣וֹז 1 Here, **strength** indicates the manner by which she **girds her loins**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in a strong manner” or “strongly”
31:17 fn86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ֝⁠תְּאַמֵּ֗ץ זְרֹעוֹתֶֽי⁠הָ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother implies that this woman **strengthens her arms** by working hard. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “she strengthens her arms by doing hard work”
31:18 rzhh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns סַחְרָ֑⁠הּ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **profit** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
31:18 os5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־יִכְבֶּ֖ה בַלַּ֣יְלָה נֵרָֽ⁠הּ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother implies that this woman’s **lamp does not go out** because the woman is working. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “her lamp does not go out in the night because she is working”
31:18 jpw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole לֹֽא־יִכְבֶּ֖ה בַלַּ֣יְלָה נֵרָֽ⁠הּ 1 Lemuel’s mother uses this clause as an overstatement in order emphasize that such a woman works until late at **night**, but not necessarily all **night** long. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “She burns a lamp late the night as she works”
31:19 cx1n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָ֭דֶי⁠הָ שִׁלְּחָ֣ה בַ⁠כִּישׁ֑וֹר וְ֝⁠כַפֶּ֗י⁠הָ תָּ֣מְכוּ פָֽלֶךְ 1 This verse refers to the process of making thread, which is used to make clothing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “She stretches out her hands at the distaff and grasps the spindle in order to make thread”
31:19 yb1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָ֭דֶי⁠הָ שִׁלְּחָ֣ה בַ⁠כִּישׁ֑וֹר 1 Here, **stretches out her hands** means to hold something. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “She takes hold of the distaff”
31:19 d3iv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַ⁠כִּישׁ֑וֹר 1 The word **distaff** refers to a thin rod with pointed ends that is used to make thread. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of tool, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the tool for making thread”
31:19 cumc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown פָֽלֶךְ 1 The word **spindle** refers to a piece of wood that someone wraps thread around when making thread. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of tool, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the tool for holding thread”
31:20 en6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כַּ֭פָּ⁠הּ פָּרְשָׂ֣ה לֶ⁠עָנִ֑י וְ֝⁠יָדֶ֗י⁠הָ שִׁלְּחָ֥ה לָֽ⁠אֶבְיֽוֹן 1 The phrases **spreads out her palm** and **stretches out her hands** both refer to helping someone by using one’s hands to give something to that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “She helps the afflicted one, and she helps the poor one”
31:20 s1we rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֶ⁠עָנִ֑י & לָֽ⁠אֶבְיֽוֹן 1 See how you translated **the afflicted one** in [15:15](../15/15.md) and **poor one** in [13:8](../13/08.md).
31:21 j971 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠בֵיתָ֣⁠הּ & כָל־בֵּ֝יתָ֗⁠הּ 1 See how you translated the same use of **her house** in [31:15](../31/15.md).
31:21 ojnb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹא־תִירָ֣א לְ⁠בֵיתָ֣⁠הּ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother implies that this woman **does not fear for her house** to become cold. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “She does not fear for her house to become cold”
31:21 t8t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠שָּׁ֑לֶג 1 Here, **snow** refers to cold weather, which is the time when **snow** falls. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “because of cold weather” or “because of winter”
31:21 dcdi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לָבֻ֥שׁ שָׁנִֽים 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “she has clothed with crimson”
31:21 tt96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שָׁנִֽים 1 Here, **crimson** refers to warm clothing that is made from expensive **crimson** cloth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have expensive, warm clothing”
31:22 fkqx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַרְבַדִּ֥ים 1 Here, **coverings** refers to pieces of cloth used to cover beds. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated **coverings** in [7:16](../07/16.md). Alternate translation: “blankets” or “cloth that covers beds”
31:22 anf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שֵׁ֖שׁ וְ⁠אַרְגָּמָ֣ן לְבוּשָֽׁ⁠הּ 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “she wears fine linen and purple for her clothing”
31:22 a3x1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet שֵׁ֖שׁ וְ⁠אַרְגָּמָ֣ן 1 Here, **fine linen** and **purple** both refer to very expensive cloth. Lemuel’s mother is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “very expensive materials”
31:23 ra37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נוֹדָ֣ע & בַּעְלָ֑⁠הּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People know her husband”
31:23 lcdr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נוֹדָ֣ע 1 Here, the phrase **is known** implies that this woman’s **husband** is respected by many people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “is respected”
31:23 aim4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּ⁠שְּׁעָרִ֣ים 1 Here, **the gates** refers to the crowded place in a town or city where many people gathered and legal decisions were made. See how you translates the same use of **the gates** in [1:21](../01/21.md).
31:23 dbz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ֝⁠שִׁבְתּ֗⁠וֹ עִם 1 Here, **sits with** refers to sitting down **with the elders of the land** in order to make laws and resolve legal disputes. Someone who **sits with the elders** is actually one of them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when he sits down to make legal decisions with”
31:23 vowr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit זִקְנֵי־אָֽרֶץ 1 The phrase **the elders of the land** refers to the leaders of the town or city in which this woman lives with her **husband**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the leaders of the town”
31:24 d6wi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun סָדִ֣ין & וַ֝⁠חֲג֗וֹר & לַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִֽי 1 Here, **a linen garment**, **a belt**, and **the Canaanite** refer to these things and people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “linen garments … belts … to Canaanites”
31:24 q4ow rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וַ⁠תִּמְכֹּ֑ר 1 Lemuel’s mother is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and sells that garment”
31:24 ghw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נָתְנָ֥ה 1 Here, **gives** means that she supplies this **belt** to someone who pays her for the item and then sells it to others. She gives not give the **belt** away for free. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “she supplies”
31:24 hdu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִֽי 1 Here, **Canaanite** refers specifically to **Canaanite** traders. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the Canaanite trader” or “to someone who trades goods”
31:25 k3bi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֹז־וְ⁠הָדָ֥ר לְבוּשָׁ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother speaks of this woman having **Strength and splendor** that other people notice as if she were wearing them as **clothing** that other people could see. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “Everyone notices her strength and splendor” or “People notice her strength and splendor as if they were her clothing”
31:25 o0we rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֹז־וְ⁠הָדָ֥ר 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **Strength** in [5:10](../05/10.md) and **splendor** in [4:9](../04/09.md).
31:25 a29g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ֝⁠תִּשְׂחַ֗ק לְ⁠י֣וֹם אַחֲרֽוֹן 1 Here, the woman **laughs** because she feels confident and cheerful about what will happen in the future. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and she is confident about a future day”
31:25 o4xb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠י֣וֹם אַחֲרֽוֹן 1 Here, **a future day** refers to what will happen in the future. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “at what will happen in the future”
31:26 lb6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֭י⁠הָ פָּתְחָ֣ה 1 Here, **mouth opens** refers to speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “She talks”
31:26 ga0f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְ⁠חָכְמָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
31:26 cqck rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠תֽוֹרַת־חֶ֝֗סֶד 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother is using the possessive form to describe **the law** that is characterized by **covenant faithfulness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and the law that is characterized by covenant faithfulness”
31:26 gs0s rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns וְ⁠תֽוֹרַת 1 Although **the law** here is singular, it refers to what this woman teaches or instructs others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the instructions of” or “and the teachings of”
31:26 umm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חֶ֝֗סֶד 1 See how you translated the same use of **covenant faithfulness** in [11:17](../11/17.md).
31:26 q9jl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־לְשׁוֹנָֽ⁠הּ 1 Here, **on her tongue** refers to her speaking, which involved using **her tongue**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is spoken by her”
31:27 uqe6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲלִיכ֣וֹת בֵּיתָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, **the goings on of her house** could refer to: (1) what happens inside her home. Alternate translation: “what happens in her home” (2) what the people who live in **her house** do, in which case **her house** has the same meaning as in [31:15](../31/15.md). Alternate translation: “what her family does”
31:27 ynb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠לֶ֥חֶם עַ֝צְל֗וּת לֹ֣א תֹאכֵֽל 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother speaks of someone being lazy as if **laziness** were **bread** that a person **eats**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and she does not act idly”
31:28 hq5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בָ֭נֶי⁠הָ 1 Although **sons** is masculine, here Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that could refer to either male or female children. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear, as in the UST.\n
31:28 rg2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction קָ֣מוּ 1 Here, the phrase **rise up** refers to a symbolic action to show respect for someone. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “stand to show respect”
31:29 gw2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks רַבּ֣וֹת בָּ֭נוֹת עָ֣שׂוּ חָ֑יִל וְ֝⁠אַ֗תְּ עָלִ֥ית עַל־כֻּלָּֽ⁠נָה 1 This verse is a quotation of what the woman’s husband said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation.
31:29 xewq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בָּ֭נוֹת 1 Here, the woman’s husband uses **daughters** to refer to women in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.
31:29 k8ky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חָ֑יִל 1 Here, **worth** refers to both physical ability and moral **worth**. See how you translated the same use of **worth** in [31:10](../31/10.md).
31:29 ajdj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns וְ֝⁠אַ֗תְּ עָלִ֥ית 1 The woman’s husband uses the word **yourself** to emphasize how excellent his wife is. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “but you, yes, you have ascended”
31:29 fl85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝⁠אַ֗תְּ עָלִ֥ית עַל 1 Here, the woman’s husband speaks of his wife acting more admirably than all other woman as if she **ascended over** them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but you yourself have acted more worthily than” or “but you yourself are more excellent than”
31:30 rqff rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַ֭⁠חֵן & הַ⁠יֹּ֑פִי 1 Here, **The charm** and **the beauty** refer to these qualities in general, not any specific **charm** or **beauty**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any charm … any beauty”
31:30 e8cj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שֶׁ֣קֶר הַ֭⁠חֵן וְ⁠הֶ֣בֶל הַ⁠יֹּ֑פִי 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **charm**, **falsehood**, and **beauty**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **falsehood** in [6:17](../06/17.md) and **beauty** in [6:25](../06/25.md). Alternate translation: “What is charming is false and what is beautiful is vapor”
31:30 vmc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שֶׁ֣קֶר הַ֭⁠חֵן וְ⁠הֶ֣בֶל הַ⁠יֹּ֑פִי 1 The parallelism between this half of the verse and the second half indicates that **charm** and **beauty** refer to the physical attractiveness of women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “A woman’s charm can be deceptive and a woman’s beauty is vapor”
31:30 qcq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠הֶ֣בֶל הַ⁠יֹּ֑פִי 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother speaks of the disappearance of **beauty** as if it were a **vapor** that quickly goes away. See how you translated the same use of **vapor** in [21:6](../21/06.md).
31:30 b9sj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִשָּׁ֥ה יִרְאַת־יְ֝הוָ֗ה הִ֣יא תִתְהַלָּֽל 1 Here, **a woman**, **she**, and **herself** refer to a type of **woman** in general, not a specific **woman**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “any woman fearful of Yahweh, that woman herself will be praised”
31:30 fn6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast אִשָּׁ֥ה יִרְאַת־יְ֝הוָ֗ה 1 This half of the verse is a strong contrast with the previous half. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “by contrast, a woman fearful of Yahweh”\n
31:30 k9e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הִ֣יא תִתְהַלָּֽל 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will praise her herself”
31:31 bhqy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לָ֭⁠הּ & יָדֶ֑י⁠הָ וִֽ⁠יהַלְל֖וּ⁠הָ & מַעֲשֶֽׂי⁠הָ 1 In this verse, **her** refers to the “woman fearful of Yahweh” mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to a woman fearful of Yahweh … that woman’s hands, and let that woman’s works praise her”
31:31 df11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠פְּרִ֣י יָדֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 Here, **the fruit of her hands** could refer to: (1) any kind of reward that the woman deserves for her hard work. Alternate translation: “some reward for her work” (2) the money that the woman has earned by selling the clothing she made in [31:13](../31/13.md), like the nearly identical phrase “from the fruit of her palms” in [31:16](../31/16.md). Alternate translation: “from the money she has earned”\n
31:31 ef6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וִֽ⁠יהַלְל֖וּ⁠הָ & מַעֲשֶֽׂי⁠הָ 1 Here, Lemuel’s mother speaks of people praising this woman because of **her works** as if the **works** were people who were the ones praising her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and let people praise her for her works”
31:31 uyml rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַ⁠שְּׁעָרִ֣ים 1 See how you translated the same use of **the gates** in [1:21](../01/21.md) and [31:23](../31/23.md).
9:3 ugn5 her maids 0
14:2 c17i in his ways despises him The word “his” refers to the dishonest man and “him” refers to Yahweh.
17:3 fh66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The crucible is for silver and the furnace is for gold 0

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