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bulk changes to **you** (#1710) 

bulk changes to **you**

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1710
Co-Authored-By: Benjamin Wright <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org>
Co-Committed-By: Benjamin Wright <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org>
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Benjamin Wright 2021-03-15 21:58:54 +00:00
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@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ EXO 1 15 h8f8 translate-names ​שִׁפְרָ֔ה…פּוּעָֽה 1 Shiphra
EXO 1 15 h59t writing-participants ​שִׁפְרָ֔ה…פּוּעָֽה 1 The midwives are introduced here as new participants in the story. Use your language’s way to introduce new characters in a story.​ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) EXO 1 15 h59t writing-participants ​שִׁפְרָ֔ה…פּוּעָֽה 1 The midwives are introduced here as new participants in the story. Use your language’s way to introduce new characters in a story.​ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
EXO 1 16 4wwz ​ וַ⁠יֹּ֗אמֶר 1 “And the king said” In the UST this is combined with *spoke* from [verse 15](../01/15.md) because the verb for *say* is used twice before he speaks. In English and other languages this is often strange. If it would be unnatural to say that the king spoke or said twice you may leave one off. EXO 1 16 4wwz ​ וַ⁠יֹּ֗אמֶר 1 “And the king said” In the UST this is combined with *spoke* from [verse 15](../01/15.md) because the verb for *say* is used twice before he speaks. In English and other languages this is often strange. If it would be unnatural to say that the king spoke or said twice you may leave one off.
EXO 1 16 yovg figs-quotemarks בְּ⁠יַלֶּדְ⁠כֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּ⁠רְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָ⁠חָֽיָה 1 This is a direct quote of what the king said. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 1 16 yovg figs-quotemarks בְּ⁠יַלֶּדְ⁠כֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּ⁠רְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָ⁠חָֽיָה 1 This is a direct quote of what the king said. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 1 16 5lke ​figs-youdual בְּ⁠יַלֶּדְ⁠כֶן֙…וּ⁠רְאִיתֶ֖ן…וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן 1 These **you**s are plural. The king is speaking to the two midwives. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addresses use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]]) EXO 1 16 5lke ​figs-youdual בְּ⁠יַלֶּדְ⁠כֶן֙…וּ⁠רְאִיתֶ֖ן…וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן 1 These **you**s are plural. The king is speaking to the two midwives. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
EXO 1 16 h3mb figs-metonymy עַל־הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם 1 on the birthstool Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate translation: “as they give birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 1 16 h3mb figs-metonymy עַל־הָ⁠אָבְנָ֑יִם 1 on the birthstool Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate translation: “as they give birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 1 16 nms7 grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical ​אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָ⁠חָֽיָה 1 ​These two statements are hypothetical conditions (starting at **if**) with instructions for what the midwives should do in each situation (starting at **then**). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]]) EXO 1 16 nms7 grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical ​אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַ⁠הֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָ⁠חָֽיָה 1 ​These two statements are hypothetical conditions (starting at **if**) with instructions for what the midwives should do in each situation (starting at **then**). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
EXO 1 17 gy7k grammar-connect-logic-contrast וַ⁠תִּירֶ֤אןָ 1 Use a conjunction or other language structure that expresses contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EXO 1 17 gy7k grammar-connect-logic-contrast וַ⁠תִּירֶ֤אןָ 1 Use a conjunction or other language structure that expresses contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EXO 1 18 y9g5 ​ ​לַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֔ת 1 midwives These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:15](../01/15.md). EXO 1 18 y9g5 ​ ​לַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹ֔ת 1 midwives These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:15](../01/15.md).
EXO 1 18 00l4 ​figs-quotations מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַ⁠יְלָדִֽים 1 This is a direct quote of the king’s question. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. However, this could be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “he asked them why they were letting the sons live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) EXO 1 18 00l4 ​figs-quotations מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַ⁠יְלָדִֽים 1 This is a direct quote of the king’s question. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. However, this could be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “he asked them why they were letting the sons live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO 1 18 q1sy מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַ⁠יְלָדִֽים 1 Why have you done this, and let the baby boys live? Alternate translation: “Why have you not killed the baby boys?” EXO 1 18 q1sy מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַ⁠יְלָדִֽים 1 Why have you done this, and let the baby boys live? Alternate translation: “Why have you not killed the baby boys?”
EXO 1 18 8onv ​figs-youdual עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ 1 This *you* is plural. The king is speaking to the two midwives. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addresses use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]]) EXO 1 18 8onv ​figs-youdual עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן וַ⁠תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ 1 This *you* is plural. The king is speaking to the two midwives. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
EXO 1 19 7t6z figs-quotemarks כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַ⁠נָּשִׁ֛ים הַ⁠מִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּ⁠טֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֛ן הַ⁠מְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְ⁠יָלָֽדוּ 1 This is a direct quote of the midwives’ response. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 1 19 7t6z figs-quotemarks כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַ⁠נָּשִׁ֛ים הַ⁠מִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּ⁠טֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֛ן הַ⁠מְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְ⁠יָלָֽדוּ 1 This is a direct quote of the midwives’ response. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 1 19 9gqe grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַ⁠נָּשִׁ֛ים הַ⁠מִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּ⁠טֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֛ן הַ⁠מְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְ⁠יָלָֽדוּ 1 The midwives give a reason, *the Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women*, then they expand on that reason, *for they are lively (or energetic)*, with the result that *before the midwife comes to them, they have given birth*.  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EXO 1 19 9gqe grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַ⁠נָּשִׁ֛ים הַ⁠מִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽ⁠עִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּ⁠טֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֛ן הַ⁠מְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְ⁠יָלָֽדוּ 1 The midwives give a reason, *the Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women*, then they expand on that reason, *for they are lively (or energetic)*, with the result that *before the midwife comes to them, they have given birth*.  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EXO 1 19 0ppa figs-synecdoche וַ⁠תֹּאמַ֤רְןָ הַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹת֙ 1 It may not make sense in your language to say that multiple people said something so you may need to translate it in the singular (see UST). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EXO 1 19 0ppa figs-synecdoche וַ⁠תֹּאמַ֤רְןָ הַֽ⁠מְיַלְּדֹת֙ 1 It may not make sense in your language to say that multiple people said something so you may need to translate it in the singular (see UST). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ EXO 1 21 pbve ​<br>grammar-connect-logic-result וַ⁠יַּ֥עַשׂ לָ
EXO 1 21 jx9c בָּתִּֽים 1 he gave them families “households” EXO 1 21 jx9c בָּתִּֽים 1 he gave them families “households”
EXO 1 22 ld1j figs-explicit כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ 1 You must throw every son…into the river This order was given in order to drown the male children. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must throw every new-born son into the river so they will drown” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EXO 1 22 ld1j figs-explicit כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ 1 You must throw every son…into the river This order was given in order to drown the male children. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must throw every new-born son into the river so they will drown” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO 1 22 a6b2 figs-quotations כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ וְ⁠כָל־הַ⁠בַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן׃ 1 This is a direct quote of Pharaoh’s speech. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. However, It could be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh commanded all of his people to throw every baby boy into the river, but to let the every girl live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) EXO 1 22 a6b2 figs-quotations כָּל־הַ⁠בֵּ֣ן הַ⁠יִּלּ֗וֹד הַ⁠יְאֹ֨רָ⁠ה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ וְ⁠כָל־הַ⁠בַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן׃ 1 This is a direct quote of Pharaoh’s speech. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with primary quotations mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. However, It could be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh commanded all of his people to throw every baby boy into the river, but to let the every girl live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO 1 22 stag figs-youdual תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ…תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן 1 The *you*s here refer to all the Egyptians. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]]) EXO 1 22 stag figs-youdual תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔⁠הוּ…תְּחַיּֽוּ⁠ן 1 The *you*s here refer to all the Egyptians. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
EXO 2 intro rwf3 0 # Exodus 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br><br>### Covenant<br>God begins to relate to the Israelites based on his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.<br><br><br>### Moses’ heritage<br>In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh’s daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Identification of participants<br>- Moses is the only participant named in most of this chapter. This is because many of the participants play very minor roles and because this part of the story is focusing on Moses’ life.<br><br>### Ironic situations<br>- While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, God used Pharaoh’s own daughter to save Moses.<br><br><br>- Moses believes he is meant to be the rescuer of his people, but they reject him. Ultimately, Moses was correct, but God had not yet sent him for that mission. EXO 2 intro rwf3 0 # Exodus 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br><br>### Covenant<br>God begins to relate to the Israelites based on his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.<br><br><br>### Moses’ heritage<br>In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh’s daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Identification of participants<br>- Moses is the only participant named in most of this chapter. This is because many of the participants play very minor roles and because this part of the story is focusing on Moses’ life.<br><br>### Ironic situations<br>- While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, God used Pharaoh’s own daughter to save Moses.<br><br><br>- Moses believes he is meant to be the rescuer of his people, but they reject him. Ultimately, Moses was correct, but God had not yet sent him for that mission.
EXO 2 1 wvj9 writing-newevent ​וַ⁠יֵּ֥לֶךְ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the narrative. If you have a way of doing this in your language, consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) EXO 2 1 wvj9 writing-newevent ​וַ⁠יֵּ֥לֶךְ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the narrative. If you have a way of doing this in your language, consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
EXO 2 1 riy7 writing-participants אִ֖ישׁ…בַּת 1 These are new participants. They remain unnamed until [Exodus 6:20](../06/20.md) where they are identified as Amram and Jochebed. For now it is best to leave them unnamed if possible in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) EXO 2 1 riy7 writing-participants אִ֖ישׁ…בַּת 1 These are new participants. They remain unnamed until [Exodus 6:20](../06/20.md) where they are identified as Amram and Jochebed. For now it is best to leave them unnamed if possible in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ EXO 3 10 spwh figs-quotemarks מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם 1 After this phrase
EXO 3 11 y8cr figs-rquestion מִ֣י אָנֹ֔כִי כִּ֥י אֵלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְ⁠כִ֥י אוֹצִ֛יא אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם 1 Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh…Egypt? Moses uses this question to tell God that Moses is not the right person for the job. Alternate translation: See UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 3 11 y8cr figs-rquestion מִ֣י אָנֹ֔כִי כִּ֥י אֵלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְ⁠כִ֥י אוֹצִ֛יא אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם 1 Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh…Egypt? Moses uses this question to tell God that Moses is not the right person for the job. Alternate translation: See UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 3 11 ax7w figs-quotemarks מִ֣י אָנֹ֔כִי כִּ֥י אֵלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְ⁠כִ֥י אוֹצִ֛יא אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 3 11 ax7w figs-quotemarks מִ֣י אָנֹ֔כִי כִּ֥י אֵלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְ⁠כִ֥י אוֹצִ֛יא אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 3 12 ykp3 figs-quotemarks כִּֽי־אֶֽהְיֶ֣ה עִמָּ֔⁠ךְ וְ⁠זֶה־לְּ⁠ךָ֣ הָ⁠א֔וֹת כִּ֥י אָנֹכִ֖י שְׁלַחְתִּ֑י⁠ךָ בְּ⁠הוֹצִֽיאֲ⁠ךָ֤ אֶת־הָ⁠עָם֙ מִ⁠מִּצְרַ֔יִם תַּֽעַבְדוּ⁠ן֙ אֶת־הָ֣⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים עַ֖ל הָ⁠הָ֥ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 3 12 ykp3 figs-quotemarks כִּֽי־אֶֽהְיֶ֣ה עִמָּ֔⁠ךְ וְ⁠זֶה־לְּ⁠ךָ֣ הָ⁠א֔וֹת כִּ֥י אָנֹכִ֖י שְׁלַחְתִּ֑י⁠ךָ בְּ⁠הוֹצִֽיאֲ⁠ךָ֤ אֶת־הָ⁠עָם֙ מִ⁠מִּצְרַ֔יִם תַּֽעַבְדוּ⁠ן֙ אֶת־הָ֣⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים עַ֖ל הָ⁠הָ֥ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 3 12 xugf figs-youdual תַּֽעַבְדוּ⁠ן֙ 1 If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]]) EXO 3 12 xugf figs-youdual תַּֽעַבְדוּ⁠ן֙ 1 If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/​figs-youdual]])
EXO 3 13 8izv figs-quotemarks הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠אָמַרְתִּ֣י לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם וְ⁠אָֽמְרוּ־לִ֣⁠י מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ מָ֥ה אֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵ⁠הֶֽם 1 This is a direct quotation containing two second layer quotes within it. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 3 13 8izv figs-quotemarks הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠אָמַרְתִּ֣י לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם וְ⁠אָֽמְרוּ־לִ֣⁠י מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ מָ֥ה אֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵ⁠הֶֽם 1 This is a direct quotation containing two second layer quotes within it. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 3 13 lqms grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠אָמַרְתִּ֣י לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם וְ⁠אָֽמְרוּ־לִ֣⁠י מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ 1 Moses presents God with a hypothetical situation here. The three events (**go, say, say**) are part of one hypothetical event. You should translate this in a way that makes it clear that this is a future, not-yet-real event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]]) EXO 3 13 lqms grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠אָמַרְתִּ֣י לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣⁠נִי אֲלֵי⁠כֶ֑ם וְ⁠אָֽמְרוּ־לִ֣⁠י מַה־שְּׁמ֔⁠וֹ 1 Moses presents God with a hypothetical situation here. The three events (**go, say, say**) are part of one hypothetical event. You should translate this in a way that makes it clear that this is a future, not-yet-real event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
EXO 3 13 jq42 הִנֵּ֨ה 1 This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. In this case, Moses uses it to introduce what he views as a probable future occurrence. Alternative translation: *when* or *if*. EXO 3 13 jq42 הִנֵּ֨ה 1 This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. In this case, Moses uses it to introduce what he views as a probable future occurrence. Alternative translation: *when* or *if*.
@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ EXO 3 16 ec3v figs-quotemarks יְהוָ֞ה 1 General Information: This begins
EXO 3 16 xqy9 אַבְרָהָ֛ם יִצְחָ֥ק וְ⁠יַעֲקֹ֖ב 1 the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were three of the Israelites ancestors. They all worshiped the same God. EXO 3 16 xqy9 אַבְרָהָ֛ם יִצְחָ֥ק וְ⁠יַעֲקֹ֖ב 1 the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were three of the Israelites ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
EXO 3 16 dvsz figs-quotemarks פָּקֹ֤ד פָּקַ֨דְתִּי֙ 1 This begins a third layer quotation that continues until the end of [verse 17](../03/17.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening tertiary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation within a quotation within a quotation. The closing marks for both the second and third layer quotations should not be until the end of verse 17. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 3 16 dvsz figs-quotemarks פָּקֹ֤ד פָּקַ֨דְתִּי֙ 1 This begins a third layer quotation that continues until the end of [verse 17](../03/17.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening tertiary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation within a quotation within a quotation. The closing marks for both the second and third layer quotations should not be until the end of verse 17. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 3 16 efhh figs-idiom פָּקֹ֤ד פָּקַ֨דְתִּי֙ 1 The Hebrew word meaning **attend,** visit, or observe is repeated here for emphasis. This word often means God is coming to take action. Translate this phrase in a way that communicates God’s focused, caring observation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 3 16 efhh figs-idiom פָּקֹ֤ד פָּקַ֨דְתִּי֙ 1 The Hebrew word meaning **attend,** visit, or observe is repeated here for emphasis. This word often means God is coming to take action. Translate this phrase in a way that communicates God’s focused, caring observation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 3 16 fv77 figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם 1 I have indeed observed you The word “you” refers to the people of Israel. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 3 16 fv77 figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם 1 I have indeed observed you The word **you** refers to the people of Israel. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 3 16 55jm figs-activepassive הֶ⁠עָשׂ֥וּי 1 In some languages you may not be able to translate this as passive. Alternative translation: see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 3 16 55jm figs-activepassive הֶ⁠עָשׂ֥וּי 1 In some languages you may not be able to translate this as passive. Alternative translation: see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 3 16 4vgc figs-metonymy בְּ⁠מִצְרָֽיִם 1 The phrase **in Egypt** is a metonym for the Egyptian oppressors. Alternative translation: “by the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 3 16 4vgc figs-metonymy בְּ⁠מִצְרָֽיִם 1 The phrase **in Egypt** is a metonym for the Egyptian oppressors. Alternative translation: “by the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 3 17 c54k figs-quotesinquotes אַעֲלֶ֣ה אֶתְ⁠כֶם֮ מֵ⁠עֳנִ֣י מִצְרַיִם֒ אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְ⁠הַ֣⁠חִתִּ֔י וְ⁠הָֽ⁠אֱמֹרִי֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֔י וְ⁠הַ⁠חִוִּ֖י וְ⁠הַ⁠יְבוּסִ֑י אֶל־אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ 1 This is a fourth layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer three layers. Alternatively it can be translated as an indirect quotation, see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]]) EXO 3 17 c54k figs-quotesinquotes אַעֲלֶ֣ה אֶתְ⁠כֶם֮ מֵ⁠עֳנִ֣י מִצְרַיִם֒ אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְ⁠הַ֣⁠חִתִּ֔י וְ⁠הָֽ⁠אֱמֹרִי֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֔י וְ⁠הַ⁠חִוִּ֖י וְ⁠הַ⁠יְבוּסִ֑י אֶל־אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ 1 This is a fourth layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer three layers. Alternatively it can be translated as an indirect quotation, see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
@ -258,12 +258,12 @@ EXO 3 17 za9l זָבַ֥ת 1 flowing with “full of” or “with an abundance
EXO 3 17 rtr5 figs-metonymy ​חָלָ֖ב 1 milk Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 3 17 rtr5 figs-metonymy ​חָלָ֖ב 1 milk Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 3 17 msf8 figs-metonymy ​וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ 1 honey Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 3 17 msf8 figs-metonymy ​וּ⁠דְבָֽשׁ 1 honey Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 3 18 cy2z figs-idiom וְ⁠שָׁמְע֖וּ 1 This term often means “hear and do/obey.” Alternative translation: “heed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 3 18 cy2z figs-idiom וְ⁠שָׁמְע֖וּ 1 This term often means “hear and do/obey.” Alternative translation: “heed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 3 18 j24k writing-participants לְ⁠קֹלֶ֑⁠ךָ…אַתָּה֩ 1 They will listen to you The word “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) EXO 3 18 j24k writing-participants לְ⁠קֹלֶ֑⁠ךָ…אַתָּה֩ 1 They will listen to you The word **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
EXO 3 18 9na8 figs-synecdoche לְ⁠קֹלֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 This means the elders will listen to the message Moses brings from God. Alternative translation: “to your message” or “to my message which you tell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EXO 3 18 9na8 figs-synecdoche לְ⁠קֹלֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 This means the elders will listen to the message Moses brings from God. Alternative translation: “to your message” or “to my message which you tell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO 3 18 r74o figs-possession וְ⁠זִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 1 This is a possessive of social relationship. Alternative translation: “elders in charge of the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]]) EXO 3 18 r74o figs-possession וְ⁠זִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 1 This is a possessive of social relationship. Alternative translation: “elders in charge of the Israelites" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
EXO 3 18 eep7 figs-collectivenouns יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 1 This is a collective noun that refers to all the Israelites. Alternative translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]]) EXO 3 18 eep7 figs-collectivenouns יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 1 This is a collective noun that refers to all the Israelites. Alternative translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]])
EXO 3 18 ot9r figs-metonymy מִצְרַ֗יִם 1 Here **Egypt** refers to the Egyptian nation. Alternate translation: “of the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 3 18 ot9r figs-metonymy מִצְרַ֗יִם 1 Here **Egypt** refers to the Egyptian nation. Alternate translation: “of the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 3 18 idp7 figs-youdual וַ⁠אֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם 1 General Information: If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 3 18 idp7 figs-youdual וַ⁠אֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם 1 General Information: If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 3 18 i47o figs-inclusive עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ…נֵֽלֲכָה…וְ⁠נִזְבְּחָ֖ה 1 These instances of **us** are exclusive, they include Moses, the elders, and all the Israelites, but exclude the king of Egypt. If your language makes this distinction verify that you used the correct form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]) EXO 3 18 i47o figs-inclusive עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ…נֵֽלֲכָה…וְ⁠נִזְבְּחָ֖ה 1 These instances of **us** are exclusive, they include Moses, the elders, and all the Israelites, but exclude the king of Egypt. If your language makes this distinction verify that you used the correct form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
EXO 3 18 4eal translate-numbers שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת 1 “3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) EXO 3 18 4eal translate-numbers שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת 1 “3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO 3 19 qf46 figs-metonymy ​וְ⁠לֹ֖א בְּ⁠יָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה 1 unless his hand is forced This can be stated in active form. The word “hand” is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are (1) “only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else,” where the “hand” belongs to Pharaoh; where the “hand” belongs to Yahweh, (2) “only if I force him to let you go” or (3) “not even if I force him to let you go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 3 19 qf46 figs-metonymy ​וְ⁠לֹ֖א בְּ⁠יָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה 1 unless his hand is forced This can be stated in active form. The word “hand” is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are (1) “only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else,” where the “hand” belongs to Pharaoh; where the “hand” belongs to Yahweh, (2) “only if I force him to let you go” or (3) “not even if I force him to let you go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -273,16 +273,16 @@ EXO 3 20 dzsp figs-metonymy מִצְרַ֔יִם 1 This refers to both the land
EXO 3 20 c9a3 מִצְרַ֔יִם…בְּ⁠קִרְבּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Here **him** refers to Egypt as a collective. EXO 3 20 c9a3 מִצְרַ֔יִם…בְּ⁠קִרְבּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Here **him** refers to Egypt as a collective.
EXO 3 20 6dw3 grammar-connect-time-sequential וְ⁠אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֖ן 1 Here the sequential nature of these happenings is emphasized. Consider using a stronger sequential connective term than usual here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EXO 3 20 6dw3 grammar-connect-time-sequential וְ⁠אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֖ן 1 Here the sequential nature of these happenings is emphasized. Consider using a stronger sequential connective term than usual here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EXO 3 20 ay53 writing-participants יְשַׁלַּ֥ח 1 **he** refers to the king of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) EXO 3 20 ay53 writing-participants יְשַׁלַּ֥ח 1 **he** refers to the king of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
EXO 3 20 awxs figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 This refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) EXO 3 20 awxs figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 This refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
EXO 3 21 btwc figs-idiom חֵ֥ן…בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 This means that when the Egyptians see the Israelites (Hebrews) leaving Egypt, they will gladly help them (because they want them to leave so badly due to God's judgement.) **in the eyes of the Egyptians** is an idiom for the Egyptian’s feelings. If your language has the same or a similar idiom you can translate or use it, otherwise you can translate the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 3 21 btwc figs-idiom חֵ֥ן…בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 This means that when the Egyptians see the Israelites (Hebrews) leaving Egypt, they will gladly help them (because they want them to leave so badly due to God's judgement.) **in the eyes of the Egyptians** is an idiom for the Egyptian’s feelings. If your language has the same or a similar idiom you can translate or use it, otherwise you can translate the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 3 21 82wf figs-possession בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 This is part-whole possessive, also possibly inalienable possessive if your language uses a different form of possessive for things you cannot lose. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]]) EXO 3 21 82wf figs-possession בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 This is part-whole possessive, also possibly inalienable possessive if your language uses a different form of possessive for things you cannot lose. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
EXO 3 21 s45u הָֽ⁠עָם־הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה 1 “you” EXO 3 21 s45u הָֽ⁠עָם־הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה 1 “you”
EXO 3 21 uz3c figs-youdual תֵֽלֵכ֔וּ⁠ן…תֵלְכ֖וּ 1 If your language uses different forms of “you” depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 3 21 uz3c figs-youdual תֵֽלֵכ֔וּ⁠ן…תֵלְכ֖וּ 1 If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 3 21 19sl figs-go תֵֽלֵכ֔וּ⁠ן…תֵלְכ֖וּ 1 “leave” or “go out” or “come out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) EXO 3 21 19sl figs-go תֵֽלֵכ֔וּ⁠ן…תֵלְכ֖וּ 1 “leave” or “go out” or “come out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
EXO 3 21 89u7 figs-doublenegatives לֹ֥א …רֵיקָֽם 1 The double negative, **not… emptily** is used to mean “full.” Alternate translation: “[go] with many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) EXO 3 21 89u7 figs-doublenegatives לֹ֥א …רֵיקָֽם 1 The double negative, **not… emptily** is used to mean “full.” Alternate translation: “[go] with many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO 3 21 kt7b figs-litotes לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ רֵיקָֽם 1 will not go empty-handed This phrase is used to emphasize the opposite meaning. Alternate translation: “will go with your hands full of good things” or “will go with many valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) EXO 3 21 kt7b figs-litotes לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ רֵיקָֽם 1 will not go empty-handed This phrase is used to emphasize the opposite meaning. Alternate translation: “will go with your hands full of good things” or “will go with many valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
EXO 3 22 w2av וּ⁠מִ⁠גָּרַ֣ת בֵּיתָ֔⁠הּ 1 any women staying in her neighbors’ houses **Sojourning** means living somewhere other than one’s native land, usually temporarily. It is unclear both who the sojourning (visiting) women are and in whose house they are sojourning, leaving several possibilities. Most translations that make a decision about who they are identify both the temporary resident and her host home as Egyptian. This makes sense as the Israelites will be plundering the Egyptians. If it is possible to leave this ambiguous in your translation, that is best. EXO 3 22 w2av וּ⁠מִ⁠גָּרַ֣ת בֵּיתָ֔⁠הּ 1 any women staying in her neighbors’ houses **Sojourning** means living somewhere other than one’s native land, usually temporarily. It is unclear both who the sojourning (visiting) women are and in whose house they are sojourning, leaving several possibilities. Most translations that make a decision about who they are identify both the temporary resident and her host home as Egyptian. This makes sense as the Israelites will be plundering the Egyptians. If it is possible to leave this ambiguous in your translation, that is best.
EXO 3 22 474q figs-youdual וְ⁠שַׂמְתֶּ֗ם עַל־בְּנֵי⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠עַל־בְּנֹ֣תֵי⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠נִצַּלְתֶּ֖ם 1 Each of these is a plural **you.** If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 3 22 474q figs-youdual וְ⁠שַׂמְתֶּ֗ם עַל־בְּנֵי⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠עַל־בְּנֹ֣תֵי⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠נִצַּלְתֶּ֖ם 1 Each of these is a plural **you.** If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 3 22 h38j figs-quotemarks מִצְרָֽיִם 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Yahweh’s word starting in [verse 15](../03/15.md) ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 3 22 h38j figs-quotemarks מִצְרָֽיִם 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Yahweh’s word starting in [verse 15](../03/15.md) ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 4 intro kap5 0 # Exodus 04 General Notes<br><br>## Potential Translation Issues<br>### Quotations<br>- There is a difficult transition between [4:4](../04/04.md) and [4:5](../04/05.md) because the quotation stops in the middle to inject a bit of narrative. When it resumes in [4:5](../04/05.md) the sentence seems incomplete (even if merged directly with the quotation fragment in [4:4](../04/04.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])<br>- Yahweh’s instructions to Moses are complex and there are up to fourth layer quotations in this chapter. Translators will need to decide if some of these need to become indirect quotations (if that is possible in their language) and use great care to use the proper quotation markings in the proper location.<br><br>### Order of events<br>- The order of events is not always clear. In [4:14](../04/14.md) Yahweh tells Moses that Aaron is coming to meet him, but Yahweh telling Aaron to go meet Moses in the wilderness is not recorded until [4:27](../04/27.md).<br>- The timing of the events in [4:18](../18/.md)-[4:27](../04/23.md), especially verse 18-19 and 27, in relation to the rest of the events of the chapter is unclear.<br><br>### Thus says Yahweh<br>The first of 400+ occurrences throughout the Old Testament of a standard phrase used to introduce direct, authoritative instruction from Yahweh occurs in [4:22](../04/22.md). It occurs 10 times in the book of Exodus, nine of these are between chapters 4-11. It would be good for your team to have a standard way to translate this that makes it clear that the words that come next are directly from God. If your language has a standard way of introducing a new message from your leaders that alerts the hearers that these are the words of the leader, that would be a good phrase to consider.<br><br>### Yahweh’s attempt to kill someone<br>The encounter recorded from [4:24](../04/24.md) to [4:26](../04/26.md) is one of the strangest and most difficult passages in the entire book. Difficulties include:<br>- To whom do the pronouns refer? Masculine pronouns are used throughout the section, but there are two possible antecedents, Moses (who is not named in the narrative) and Zipporah’s son (who was presumably also Moses’ son, but this is how he is referred to in this text, for why see below on why Yahweh did this). Most commentators believe the pronouns refer to Moses.<br>- Circumcision is described in fairly graphic detail. Different cultures will need to approach this differently. Some may have terms for circumcision, others may be comfortable translating mostly literally, others will need to use euphemisms or other strategies to translate. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])<br>- The meaning of the phrase **a bridegroom of blood** (ULT) is unknown.<br>- Why did Yahweh attack Moses? Many commentators conclude that Moses had neglected to circumcise one of his sons because it displeased Zipporah and Yahweh was holding Moses responsible before he returned to lead the Israelites (who should have been circumcised). When Zipporah repented by circumcising the son herself and touching the foreskin to Moses’ feet, Yahweh relents. These conclusions should help inform translation but should not be made explicit in the text.<br><br>## *Study* concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses does not understand<br>Although Moses believes in Yahweh, he does not trust in him. This is because Moses lacks understanding. Moses tries to believe the things he is asked to do are done by his own power. Yahweh is trying to get Moses to trust that these are Yahweh’s doing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Children of God<br>This chapter introduces the concept that the people group Israel is the chosen people of God and God’s firstborn son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]])<br><br>### Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over whether Pharaoh plays an active or passive role in the hardening of his own heart. Translators should simply follow the text. In Exodus 4-14 there are ten statements that Yahweh hardens Pharaoh’s heart, and ten statements that Pharaoh hardens his own heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 4 intro kap5 0 # Exodus 04 General Notes<br><br>## Potential Translation Issues<br>### Quotations<br>- There is a difficult transition between [4:4](../04/04.md) and [4:5](../04/05.md) because the quotation stops in the middle to inject a bit of narrative. When it resumes in [4:5](../04/05.md) the sentence seems incomplete (even if merged directly with the quotation fragment in [4:4](../04/04.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])<br>- Yahweh’s instructions to Moses are complex and there are up to fourth layer quotations in this chapter. Translators will need to decide if some of these need to become indirect quotations (if that is possible in their language) and use great care to use the proper quotation markings in the proper location.<br><br>### Order of events<br>- The order of events is not always clear. In [4:14](../04/14.md) Yahweh tells Moses that Aaron is coming to meet him, but Yahweh telling Aaron to go meet Moses in the wilderness is not recorded until [4:27](../04/27.md).<br>- The timing of the events in [4:18](../18/.md)-[4:27](../04/23.md), especially verse 18-19 and 27, in relation to the rest of the events of the chapter is unclear.<br><br>### Thus says Yahweh<br>The first of 400+ occurrences throughout the Old Testament of a standard phrase used to introduce direct, authoritative instruction from Yahweh occurs in [4:22](../04/22.md). It occurs 10 times in the book of Exodus, nine of these are between chapters 4-11. It would be good for your team to have a standard way to translate this that makes it clear that the words that come next are directly from God. If your language has a standard way of introducing a new message from your leaders that alerts the hearers that these are the words of the leader, that would be a good phrase to consider.<br><br>### Yahweh’s attempt to kill someone<br>The encounter recorded from [4:24](../04/24.md) to [4:26](../04/26.md) is one of the strangest and most difficult passages in the entire book. Difficulties include:<br>- To whom do the pronouns refer? Masculine pronouns are used throughout the section, but there are two possible antecedents, Moses (who is not named in the narrative) and Zipporah’s son (who was presumably also Moses’ son, but this is how he is referred to in this text, for why see below on why Yahweh did this). Most commentators believe the pronouns refer to Moses.<br>- Circumcision is described in fairly graphic detail. Different cultures will need to approach this differently. Some may have terms for circumcision, others may be comfortable translating mostly literally, others will need to use euphemisms or other strategies to translate. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])<br>- The meaning of the phrase **a bridegroom of blood** (ULT) is unknown.<br>- Why did Yahweh attack Moses? Many commentators conclude that Moses had neglected to circumcise one of his sons because it displeased Zipporah and Yahweh was holding Moses responsible before he returned to lead the Israelites (who should have been circumcised). When Zipporah repented by circumcising the son herself and touching the foreskin to Moses’ feet, Yahweh relents. These conclusions should help inform translation but should not be made explicit in the text.<br><br>## *Study* concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses does not understand<br>Although Moses believes in Yahweh, he does not trust in him. This is because Moses lacks understanding. Moses tries to believe the things he is asked to do are done by his own power. Yahweh is trying to get Moses to trust that these are Yahweh’s doing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Children of God<br>This chapter introduces the concept that the people group Israel is the chosen people of God and God’s firstborn son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]])<br><br>### Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over whether Pharaoh plays an active or passive role in the hardening of his own heart. Translators should simply follow the text. In Exodus 4-14 there are ten statements that Yahweh hardens Pharaoh’s heart, and ten statements that Pharaoh hardens his own heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 4 1 j4yg וַ⁠יַּ֤עַן מֹשֶׁה֙ וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר 1 if they do not believe **answered and said** is a Hebrew expression which does not convey any extra information. Unless your language naturally uses a similar structure, it is better to translate one verb and omit the other. Alternate translation: “Moses answered” EXO 4 1 j4yg וַ⁠יַּ֤עַן מֹשֶׁה֙ וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר 1 if they do not believe **answered and said** is a Hebrew expression which does not convey any extra information. Unless your language naturally uses a similar structure, it is better to translate one verb and omit the other. Alternate translation: “Moses answered”
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ EXO 4 14 8kn8 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠שָׂמַ֥ח 1 Aaron will b
EXO 4 14 ew4h figs-metonymy בְּ⁠לִבּֽ⁠וֹ 1 he will be glad in his heart Here, **heart** refers to inner thoughts and emotions. If heart is not a body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s thoughts and emotions, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 4 14 ew4h figs-metonymy בְּ⁠לִבּֽ⁠וֹ 1 he will be glad in his heart Here, **heart** refers to inner thoughts and emotions. If heart is not a body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s thoughts and emotions, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 4 15 u97f figs-metaphor הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֖ים 1 put the words to say into his mouth Words here are spoken of as if they were something that can be physically placed in a person’s mouth. Alternate translation: “give him the message that he is to repeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 4 15 u97f figs-metaphor הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֖ים 1 put the words to say into his mouth Words here are spoken of as if they were something that can be physically placed in a person’s mouth. Alternate translation: “give him the message that he is to repeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 4 15 q9cf figs-metonymy פִּ֨י⁠ךָ֙…פִּ֔י⁠הוּ 1 I will be with your mouth The word **mouth** here represents Moses and Aaron’s choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give you the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 4 15 q9cf figs-metonymy פִּ֨י⁠ךָ֙…פִּ֔י⁠הוּ 1 I will be with your mouth The word **mouth** here represents Moses and Aaron’s choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give you the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 4 15 v57x figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם…תַּעֲשֽׂוּ⁠ן 1 with his mouth These refer to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual if you have one or if not use a plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 4 15 v57x figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם…תַּעֲשֽׂוּ⁠ן 1 with his mouth These refer to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual if you have one or if not use a plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 4 16 mnsp figs-simile לְ⁠פֶ֔ה 1 This phrase compares Aaron to a mouth because he will be the one actually to vocalize to the Israelites and Pharaoh what Moses tells him. Alternate translation: “He will say what you tell him to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) EXO 4 16 mnsp figs-simile לְ⁠פֶ֔ה 1 This phrase compares Aaron to a mouth because he will be the one actually to vocalize to the Israelites and Pharaoh what Moses tells him. Alternate translation: “He will say what you tell him to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO 4 16 gn5v figs-simile תִּֽהְיֶה־לּ֥⁠וֹ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִֽים 1 you will be to him like me, God The word “like” here means Moses would represent the same authority to Aaron as God did to Moses. Alternate translation: “you will speak to Aaron with the same authority with which I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) EXO 4 16 gn5v figs-simile תִּֽהְיֶה־לּ֥⁠וֹ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִֽים 1 you will be to him like me, God The word “like” here means Moses would represent the same authority to Aaron as God did to Moses. Alternate translation: “you will speak to Aaron with the same authority with which I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO 4 17 0h45 figs-quotemarks תַּעֲשֶׂה־בּ֖⁠וֹ אֶת־הָ⁠אֹתֹֽת 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Yahweh ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 4 17 0h45 figs-quotemarks תַּעֲשֶׂה־בּ֖⁠וֹ אֶת־הָ⁠אֹתֹֽת 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Yahweh ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -436,10 +436,10 @@ EXO 5 3 kclj figs-inclusive עָלֵ֑י⁠נוּ נֵ֣לֲכָה…וְ⁠נִ
EXO 5 3 gfs5 figs-metonymy בֶ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 or with the sword Here “sword” represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate translation: “or cause our enemies to attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 5 3 gfs5 figs-metonymy בֶ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 or with the sword Here “sword” represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate translation: “or cause our enemies to attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 5 4 cb7w figs-quotemarks לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו לְכ֖וּ לְ⁠סִבְלֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 4 cb7w figs-quotemarks לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו לְכ֖וּ לְ⁠סִבְלֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 5 4 kl1i figs-rquestion לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו 1 why are you taking the people from their work? Pharaoh uses this question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. Alternate translation: “stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 5 4 kl1i figs-rquestion לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו 1 why are you taking the people from their work? Pharaoh uses this question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. Alternate translation: “stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 5 4 fiw9 figs-rquestion לְכ֖וּ לְ⁠סִבְלֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 This **you** could refer to *you two*, meaning Moses and Aaron, or it could mean *all you Israelite people.* The second meaning is more likely. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 5 4 fiw9 figs-rquestion לְכ֖וּ לְ⁠סִבְלֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 This **you** could refer to *you two*, meaning Moses and Aaron, or it could mean *all you Israelite people.* The second meaning is more likely. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 5 5 nqbe figs-aside וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֔ה 1 It is unusual for the same speaker to be reintroduced like this. Some translations omit the repetition, but there is another option. This statement may be more connected to the next couple of verses, so it might be appropriate to make a minor break before this verse. Pharaoh may have been more commenting to himself, or he thought this statement and it led to his next actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-aside]]) EXO 5 5 nqbe figs-aside וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֔ה 1 It is unusual for the same speaker to be reintroduced like this. Some translations omit the repetition, but there is another option. This statement may be more connected to the next couple of verses, so it might be appropriate to make a minor break before this verse. Pharaoh may have been more commenting to himself, or he thought this statement and it led to his next actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-aside]])
EXO 5 5 todi הֵן 1 This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. EXO 5 5 todi הֵן 1 This is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say.
EXO 5 5 c53k figs-youdual וְ⁠הִשְׁבַּתֶּ֥ם 1 This means Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual (if you have one) or plural (if not) here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 5 c53k figs-youdual וְ⁠הִשְׁבַּתֶּ֥ם 1 This means Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual (if you have one) or plural (if not) here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 6 ar9m אֶת־הַ⁠נֹּגְשִׂ֣ים בָּ⁠עָ֔ם וְ⁠אֶת־שֹׁטְרָ֖י⁠ו 1 Pharaoh may have sent a messenger or messengers to the taskmasters and officers or spoken to one or a few representatives of them at his court rather than directly speaking to them. Alternative translation: “Pharaoh gave an order for the taskmasters among the people and officers that said,” EXO 5 6 ar9m אֶת־הַ⁠נֹּגְשִׂ֣ים בָּ⁠עָ֔ם וְ⁠אֶת־שֹׁטְרָ֖י⁠ו 1 Pharaoh may have sent a messenger or messengers to the taskmasters and officers or spoken to one or a few representatives of them at his court rather than directly speaking to them. Alternative translation: “Pharaoh gave an order for the taskmasters among the people and officers that said,”
EXO 5 6 zd4m הַ⁠נֹּגְשִׂ֣ים 1 taskmasters Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. These are probably the same as the *overseers of labor gangs* from [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md), but here the term is harsher. Alternative translation: “oppressors” EXO 5 6 zd4m הַ⁠נֹּגְשִׂ֣ים 1 taskmasters Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. These are probably the same as the *overseers of labor gangs* from [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md), but here the term is harsher. Alternative translation: “oppressors”
EXO 5 6 8opu שֹׁטְרָ֖י⁠ו 1 These were probably Israelite slaves who were in charge of the other Israelites but who answered to the Egyptian taskmasters. EXO 5 6 8opu שֹׁטְרָ֖י⁠ו 1 These were probably Israelite slaves who were in charge of the other Israelites but who answered to the Egyptian taskmasters.
@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ EXO 5 6 dxih לֵ⁠אמֹֽר 1 This is a way of introducing a direct quotati
EXO 5 7 k6io figs-youdual לֹ֣א תֹאסִפ֞וּ⁠ן 1 This command was given to multiple people, if your language distinguishes between singular and plural when giving commands make sure this is a plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 5 7 k6io figs-youdual לֹ֣א תֹאסִפ֞וּ⁠ן 1 This command was given to multiple people, if your language distinguishes between singular and plural when giving commands make sure this is a plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 5 7 1pw9 figs-quotemarks לֹ֣א תֹאסִפ֞וּ⁠ן 1 Verses 7-9 are a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate the start here with an opening primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a the beginning of the quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 7 1pw9 figs-quotemarks לֹ֣א תֹאסִפ֞וּ⁠ן 1 Verses 7-9 are a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate the start here with an opening primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a the beginning of the quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 5 7 p9nx figs-idiom כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם 1 you must no longer give This is a Hebrew idiom meaning *in the past.* Alternative translation: “as before” or “as previously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 5 7 p9nx figs-idiom כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם 1 you must no longer give This is a Hebrew idiom meaning *in the past.* Alternative translation: “as before” or “as previously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 5 8 izkf figs-youdual תָּשִׂ֣ימוּ 1 If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 8 izkf figs-youdual תָּשִׂ֣ימוּ 1 If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 8 ro25 translate-unknown הַ⁠לְּבֵנִ֜ים 1 Hardened clay blocks for building, see how you translated in [1:14][../01/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EXO 5 8 ro25 translate-unknown הַ⁠לְּבֵנִ֜ים 1 Hardened clay blocks for building, see how you translated in [1:14][../01/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO 5 8 dlzx figs-idiom תְּמ֤וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם֙ 1 This is a Hebrew idiom meaning *in the past.* See how you translated this in [5:7](../05/07md) Alternative translation: “before” or “previously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 5 8 dlzx figs-idiom תְּמ֤וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם֙ 1 This is a Hebrew idiom meaning *in the past.* See how you translated this in [5:7](../05/07md) Alternative translation: “before” or “previously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 5 8 vd10 figs-quotemarks נֵלְכָ֖ה נִזְבְּחָ֥ה לֵ⁠אלֹהֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 This is a second layer direct quotation. It is a quote of Moses and Aaron. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 8 vd10 figs-quotemarks נֵלְכָ֖ה נִזְבְּחָ֥ה לֵ⁠אלֹהֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 This is a second layer direct quotation. It is a quote of Moses and Aaron. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -459,9 +459,9 @@ EXO 5 10 4joe figs-quotations כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר פַּרְעֹ֔ה 1 It
EXO 5 10 mkom figs-quotesinquotes אֵינֶ֛⁠נִּי 1 This is a the beginning of a second layer quotation that continues until the end of verse 11. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the start of a quotation within a quotation. However, you could also translate this as an indirect quote. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])<br> EXO 5 10 mkom figs-quotesinquotes אֵינֶ֛⁠נִּי 1 This is a the beginning of a second layer quotation that continues until the end of verse 11. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the start of a quotation within a quotation. However, you could also translate this as an indirect quote. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])<br>
EXO 5 10 7zfp grammar-connect-logic-contrast אֵינֶ֛⁠נִּי נֹתֵ֥ן לָ⁠כֶ֖ם תֶּֽבֶן 1 The structure of this phrase and the one that opens [the next verse](../05/11.md) create a strong contrast between what **I** (Pharaoh) and **you** (you all, the Israelites) will do. Translate this in a way that emphasizes the contrast between **I* and **you** if possible. Alternative translation: “It is not I who will give you straw.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EXO 5 10 7zfp grammar-connect-logic-contrast אֵינֶ֛⁠נִּי נֹתֵ֥ן לָ⁠כֶ֖ם תֶּֽבֶן 1 The structure of this phrase and the one that opens [the next verse](../05/11.md) create a strong contrast between what **I** (Pharaoh) and **you** (you all, the Israelites) will do. Translate this in a way that emphasizes the contrast between **I* and **you** if possible. Alternative translation: “It is not I who will give you straw.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EXO 5 10 si2e figs-metonymy אֵינֶ֛⁠נִּי 1 Pharaoh does not physically give the Israelites straw. Rather he had commanded his servants take straw that belongs to Pharaoh and give it to the Israelites. Now he told them to stop. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 5 10 si2e figs-metonymy אֵינֶ֛⁠נִּי 1 Pharaoh does not physically give the Israelites straw. Rather he had commanded his servants take straw that belongs to Pharaoh and give it to the Israelites. Now he told them to stop. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 5 10 gb4d figs-youdual לָ⁠כֶ֖ם 1 I will no longer give you This is plural and refers to the Israelite people. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 10 gb4d figs-youdual לָ⁠כֶ֖ם 1 I will no longer give you This is plural and refers to the Israelite people. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 11 ewg6 grammar-connect-logic-contrast אַתֶּ֗ם לְכ֨וּ קְח֤וּ לָ⁠כֶם֙ תֶּ֔בֶן מֵ⁠אֲשֶׁ֖ר תִּמְצָ֑אוּ 1 The structure of this phrase serves as the opposing side of the contrast Pharaoh sets up in the last phrase. By explicitly using a pronoun with a command he is emphasizing who will go get straw. Translate this in a way that emphasizes the contrast between **I* and **you** if possible. See [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/05/10/7zfp]] for more info. Alternative translation: “Rather, it is you yourselves who must go get straw…” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EXO 5 11 ewg6 grammar-connect-logic-contrast אַתֶּ֗ם לְכ֨וּ קְח֤וּ לָ⁠כֶם֙ תֶּ֔בֶן מֵ⁠אֲשֶׁ֖ר תִּמְצָ֑אוּ 1 The structure of this phrase serves as the opposing side of the contrast Pharaoh sets up in the last phrase. By explicitly using a pronoun with a command he is emphasizing who will go get straw. Translate this in a way that emphasizes the contrast between **I* and **you** if possible. See [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/05/10/7zfp]] for more info. Alternative translation: “Rather, it is you yourselves who must go get straw…” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EXO 5 11 xe4i figs-youdual אַתֶּ֗ם 1 you can find…your workload This is plural and refers to the Israelite people. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 11 xe4i figs-youdual אַתֶּ֗ם 1 you can find…your workload This is plural and refers to the Israelite people. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 11 w918 figs-rpronouns אַתֶּ֗ם…לָ⁠כֶם֙ 1 You yourselves must go The repetition of **you** emphasizes that the Egyptians will no longer help them. Alternative translation: see UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) EXO 5 11 w918 figs-rpronouns אַתֶּ֗ם…לָ⁠כֶם֙ 1 You yourselves must go The repetition of **you** emphasizes that the Egyptians will no longer help them. Alternative translation: see UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
EXO 5 11 g5vb figs-doublenegatives כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נִגְרָ֛ע מֵ⁠עֲבֹדַתְ⁠כֶ֖ם דָּבָֽר 1 your workload will not be reduced This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) EXO 5 11 g5vb figs-doublenegatives כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נִגְרָ֛ע מֵ⁠עֲבֹדַתְ⁠כֶ֖ם דָּבָֽר 1 your workload will not be reduced This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO 5 11 ucrc figs-quotemarks כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נִגְרָ֛ע מֵ⁠עֲבֹדַתְ⁠כֶ֖ם דָּבָֽר 1 After this phrase (at the end of the verse), the direct quotes end. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary (and secondary if you made both layers direct quotes) quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 11 ucrc figs-quotemarks כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נִגְרָ֛ע מֵ⁠עֲבֹדַתְ⁠כֶ֖ם דָּבָֽר 1 After this phrase (at the end of the verse), the direct quotes end. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary (and secondary if you made both layers direct quotes) quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ EXO 5 14 h4uo נֹגְשֵׂ֥י 1 Egyptians whose job was to force the Israel
EXO 5 14 unbc figs-activepassive וַ⁠יֻּכּ֗וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 The text does not specify who beat the officers. It was probably either the taskmasters or someone the taskmasters ordered to beat the officers. If your language cannot express this with the passive, you can make the taskmasters the subject. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 5 14 unbc figs-activepassive וַ⁠יֻּכּ֗וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 The text does not specify who beat the officers. It was probably either the taskmasters or someone the taskmasters ordered to beat the officers. If your language cannot express this with the passive, you can make the taskmasters the subject. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 5 14 eq22 figs-rquestion מַדּ֡וּעַ לֹא֩ כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם לִ⁠לְבֹּן֙ כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 Why have you not produced all the bricks required of you…in the past? The taskmasters used this question to show they were angry with the lack of bricks. Alternate translation: “You are not producing enough bricks, either yesterday or today, as you did in the past!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 5 14 eq22 figs-rquestion מַדּ֡וּעַ לֹא֩ כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם לִ⁠לְבֹּן֙ כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 Why have you not produced all the bricks required of you…in the past? The taskmasters used this question to show they were angry with the lack of bricks. Alternate translation: “You are not producing enough bricks, either yesterday or today, as you did in the past!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 5 14 767c figs-quotemarks מַדּ֡וּעַ לֹא֩ כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם לִ⁠לְבֹּן֙ כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])<br><br><br> EXO 5 14 767c figs-quotemarks מַדּ֡וּעַ לֹא֩ כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם לִ⁠לְבֹּן֙ כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])<br><br><br>
EXO 5 14 oh6o figs-youdual כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם 1 Here, **you** and **your** are plural. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. However, also see [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/05/14/emq7]]. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 14 oh6o figs-youdual כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם 1 Here, **you** and **your** are plural. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. However, also see [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/05/14/emq7]]. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 14 emq7 figs-synecdoche כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם 1 cried out Here, **you** and **your** do not simply refer to the officers, they refer to the groups of Israelite workers the officers are in charge of. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EXO 5 14 emq7 figs-synecdoche כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְ⁠כֶ֤ם 1 cried out Here, **you** and **your** do not simply refer to the officers, they refer to the groups of Israelite workers the officers are in charge of. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO 5 14 liz8 figs-idiom כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם 1 This is a Hebrew idiom meaning *in the past.* Specifically, here it refers to the time before the Egyptians stopped giving the Israelites straw. See how you translated this in [5:7](../05/07md) Alternative translation: “before” or “previously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 5 14 liz8 figs-idiom כִּ⁠תְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם 1 This is a Hebrew idiom meaning *in the past.* Specifically, here it refers to the time before the Egyptians stopped giving the Israelites straw. See how you translated this in [5:7](../05/07md) Alternative translation: “before” or “previously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 5 14 zklg גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 This time expression refers to more recent days, ones since the Egyptians stopped giving the Israelites straw. EXO 5 14 zklg גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 This time expression refers to more recent days, ones since the Egyptians stopped giving the Israelites straw.
@ -491,11 +491,11 @@ EXO 5 16 m0go וְ⁠הִנֵּ֧ה 1 This is used to draw attention to surpri
EXO 5 16 xrly figs-activepassive עֲבָדֶ֛י⁠ךָ מֻכִּ֖ים 1 The text does not specify who beat the officers. It was probably either the taskmasters or someone the taskmasters ordered to beat the officers. If your language cannot express this with the passive, you can make the taskmasters the subject. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 5 16 xrly figs-activepassive עֲבָדֶ֛י⁠ךָ מֻכִּ֖ים 1 The text does not specify who beat the officers. It was probably either the taskmasters or someone the taskmasters ordered to beat the officers. If your language cannot express this with the passive, you can make the taskmasters the subject. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 5 16 ff2k figs-euphemism וְ⁠חָטָ֥את עַמֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 The Israelites are indirectly accusing Pharaoh of doing wrong. Consider polite or indirect ways of making accusations in your culture to translate this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) EXO 5 16 ff2k figs-euphemism וְ⁠חָטָ֥את עַמֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 The Israelites are indirectly accusing Pharaoh of doing wrong. Consider polite or indirect ways of making accusations in your culture to translate this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO 5 16 l7sn וְ⁠חָטָ֥את 1 “wrong-doing” EXO 5 16 l7sn וְ⁠חָטָ֥את 1 “wrong-doing”
EXO 5 17 2vso figs-youdual אַתֶּ֖ם…אַתֶּ֣ם 1 These are plural. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 17 2vso figs-youdual אַתֶּ֖ם…אַתֶּ֣ם 1 These are plural. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 17 5t4m figs-exclamations נִרְפִּ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם נִרְפִּ֑ים 1 Pharaoh repeats himself for emphasis. In your translation, make sure the idea of laziness or idleness is repeated or strengthened in a way that is natural. Alternative translation: “You are extremely lazy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]]) EXO 5 17 5t4m figs-exclamations נִרְפִּ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם נִרְפִּ֑ים 1 Pharaoh repeats himself for emphasis. In your translation, make sure the idea of laziness or idleness is repeated or strengthened in a way that is natural. Alternative translation: “You are extremely lazy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
EXO 5 17 a8o2 figs-quotemarks נֵלְכָ֖ה נִזְבְּחָ֥ה לַֽ⁠יהוָֽה 1 Here, the king is quoting another person’s speech. This is a second layer quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 17 a8o2 figs-quotemarks נֵלְכָ֖ה נִזְבְּחָ֥ה לַֽ⁠יהוָֽה 1 Here, the king is quoting another person’s speech. This is a second layer quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 5 18 68ax figs-activepassive וְ⁠תֶ֖בֶן לֹא־יִנָּתֵ֣ן לָ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 You can translate this in active voice if needed. Subject could be *I* (as in Pharaoh) or *we* (as in, the Egyptians or Pharaoh and his taskmasters) or *my people,* etc, see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 5 18 68ax figs-activepassive וְ⁠תֶ֖בֶן לֹא־יִנָּתֵ֣ן לָ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 You can translate this in active voice if needed. Subject could be *I* (as in Pharaoh) or *we* (as in, the Egyptians or Pharaoh and his taskmasters) or *my people,* etc, see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 5 18 z6wt figs-youdual לָ⁠כֶ֑ם…תִּתֵּֽנּוּ 1 This means all the Israelites or the officers as representatives of all the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 18 z6wt figs-youdual לָ⁠כֶ֑ם…תִּתֵּֽנּוּ 1 This means all the Israelites or the officers as representatives of all the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 19 x6pp grammar-connect-logic-result וַ⁠יִּרְא֞וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵ֧י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֹתָ֖⁠ם בְּ⁠רָ֣ע לֵ⁠אמֹ֑ר לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִ⁠לִּבְנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּ⁠יוֹמֽ⁠וֹ 1 You may need to reorder the events in this verse in your language to put the reason before the result. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EXO 5 19 x6pp grammar-connect-logic-result וַ⁠יִּרְא֞וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵ֧י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֹתָ֖⁠ם בְּ⁠רָ֣ע לֵ⁠אמֹ֑ר לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִ⁠לִּבְנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּ⁠יוֹמֽ⁠וֹ 1 You may need to reorder the events in this verse in your language to put the reason before the result. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EXO 5 19 i3ot figs-quotemarks לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִ⁠לִּבְנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּ⁠יוֹמֽ⁠וֹ 1 This is a direct quotation of what Pharaoh said. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation of another person’s speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 19 i3ot figs-quotemarks לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִ⁠לִּבְנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּ⁠יוֹמֽ⁠וֹ 1 This is a direct quotation of what Pharaoh said. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation of another person’s speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 5 19 l9d2 figs-rpronouns אֹתָ֖⁠ם 1 when they were told The officers as both the subject and object because they are thinking about their own situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) EXO 5 19 l9d2 figs-rpronouns אֹתָ֖⁠ם 1 when they were told The officers as both the subject and object because they are thinking about their own situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ EXO 5 20 ve3z writing-newevent וַֽ⁠יִּפְגְּעוּ֙ 1 palace A new
EXO 5 20 60cj writing-participants וַֽ⁠יִּפְגְּעוּ֙…לִ⁠קְרָאתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠צֵאתָ֖⁠ם 1 Here, **they** and **them** refer to the officers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) EXO 5 20 60cj writing-participants וַֽ⁠יִּפְגְּעוּ֙…לִ⁠קְרָאתָ֑⁠ם בְּ⁠צֵאתָ֖⁠ם 1 Here, **they** and **them** refer to the officers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
EXO 5 21 jsbv figs-quotemarks יֵ֧רֶא יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם וְ⁠יִשְׁפֹּ֑ט אֲשֶׁ֧ר הִבְאַשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־רֵיחֵ֗⁠נוּ בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֤י פַרְעֹה֙ וּ⁠בְ⁠עֵינֵ֣י עֲבָדָ֔י⁠ו לָֽ⁠תֶת־חֶ֥רֶב בְּ⁠יָדָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠הָרְגֵֽ⁠נוּ 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 21 jsbv figs-quotemarks יֵ֧רֶא יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם וְ⁠יִשְׁפֹּ֑ט אֲשֶׁ֧ר הִבְאַשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־רֵיחֵ֗⁠נוּ בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֤י פַרְעֹה֙ וּ⁠בְ⁠עֵינֵ֣י עֲבָדָ֔י⁠ו לָֽ⁠תֶת־חֶ֥רֶב בְּ⁠יָדָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠הָרְגֵֽ⁠נוּ 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 5 21 kv0v יֵ֧רֶא יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם וְ⁠יִשְׁפֹּ֑ט 1 This is a form used for cursing or blessing someone; **and judge you** makes it a curse. EXO 5 21 kv0v יֵ֧רֶא יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם וְ⁠יִשְׁפֹּ֑ט 1 This is a form used for cursing or blessing someone; **and judge you** makes it a curse.
EXO 5 21 4lou figs-youdual עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם וְ⁠יִשְׁפֹּ֑ט 1 This refers to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a *dual* or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 5 21 4lou figs-youdual עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם וְ⁠יִשְׁפֹּ֑ט 1 This refers to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a *dual* or plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 5 21 j3zp figs-metaphor הִבְאַשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־רֵיחֵ֗⁠נוּ בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֤י פַרְעֹה֙ וּ⁠בְ⁠עֵינֵ֣י עֲבָדָ֔י⁠ו 1 you have made us offensive The Egyptians responded to the Israelites the same way they would respond to a foul odor. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to hate us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 5 21 j3zp figs-metaphor הִבְאַשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־רֵיחֵ֗⁠נוּ בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֤י פַרְעֹה֙ וּ⁠בְ⁠עֵינֵ֣י עֲבָדָ֔י⁠ו 1 you have made us offensive The Egyptians responded to the Israelites the same way they would respond to a foul odor. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to hate us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 5 21 d592 figs-metonymy חֶ֥רֶב 1 have put a sword in their hand to kill us This represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate translation: “have given them a reason to kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 5 21 d592 figs-metonymy חֶ֥רֶב 1 have put a sword in their hand to kill us This represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate translation: “have given them a reason to kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 5 22 pm0l figs-quotemarks וַ⁠יֹּאמַ֑ר 1 After this phrase a direct quote begins which continues to the end of the chapter. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 5 22 pm0l figs-quotemarks וַ⁠יֹּאמַ֑ר 1 After this phrase a direct quote begins which continues to the end of the chapter. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -531,13 +531,13 @@ EXO 6 5 0l2p וָ⁠אֶזְכֹּ֖ר אֶת־בְּרִיתִֽ⁠י 1 God r
EXO 6 6 rgh0 grammar-connect-logic-result לָ⁠כֵ֞ן 1 God is now telling Moses to deliver a message of what God is going to do because of everything that he said in verses 2-5. The reason-result relationship is strongly marked here so translations should make sure to use a connector that marks verse 6-8 as a result of verses 2-5. Alternate translation: “Because of this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EXO 6 6 rgh0 grammar-connect-logic-result לָ⁠כֵ֞ן 1 God is now telling Moses to deliver a message of what God is going to do because of everything that he said in verses 2-5. The reason-result relationship is strongly marked here so translations should make sure to use a connector that marks verse 6-8 as a result of verses 2-5. Alternate translation: “Because of this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EXO 6 6 yv14 לָ⁠כֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֥ר לִ⁠בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל 1 say to the Israelites This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh told Moses to say to the Israelites” EXO 6 6 yv14 לָ⁠כֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֥ר לִ⁠בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל 1 say to the Israelites This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh told Moses to say to the Israelites”
EXO 6 6 yg2d figs-quotemarks אֲנִ֣י 1 This begins a second layer quotation that continues to the end of Yahweh’s speech at the end of [verse 8](../06/08.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 6 6 yg2d figs-quotemarks אֲנִ֣י 1 This begins a second layer quotation that continues to the end of Yahweh’s speech at the end of [verse 8](../06/08.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 6 6 we3z figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֗ם…אֶתְ⁠כֶ֖ם…אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ 1 This refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 6 6 we3z figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֗ם…אֶתְ⁠כֶ֖ם…אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ 1 This refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 6 6 oqnw figs-synecdoche מִ⁠תַּ֨חַת֙ סִבְלֹ֣ת מִצְרַ֔יִם 1 This refers to all the hard work the Egyptians made the Israelites do. Alternate translation: “from the hard work the Egyptians force you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EXO 6 6 oqnw figs-synecdoche מִ⁠תַּ֨חַת֙ סִבְלֹ֣ת מִצְרַ֔יִם 1 This refers to all the hard work the Egyptians made the Israelites do. Alternate translation: “from the hard work the Egyptians force you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO 6 6 xyn4 figs-metaphor בִּ⁠זְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֔ה 1 **arm** here is a figurative way of referring to God’s power, influence, and capacity for action. **outstretched** means that he is using that power. Alternate translation: “by my great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 6 6 xyn4 figs-metaphor בִּ⁠זְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֔ה 1 **arm** here is a figurative way of referring to God’s power, influence, and capacity for action. **outstretched** means that he is using that power. Alternate translation: “by my great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 6 6 efx1 וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁפָטִ֖ים 1 This refers to the plagues that God is about to harm Egypt and the Egyptians with. Each plague was a response to Pharaoh’s stubbornness. Alternate translation: “and by [greatly] harming the Egyptians” EXO 6 6 efx1 וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁפָטִ֖ים 1 This refers to the plagues that God is about to harm Egypt and the Egyptians with. Each plague was a response to Pharaoh’s stubbornness. Alternate translation: “and by [greatly] harming the Egyptians”
EXO 6 7 o3lb figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֥ם…לָ⁠כֶ֖ם…וִֽ⁠ידַעְתֶּ֗ם…אֱלֹ֣הֵי⁠כֶ֔ם…אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם 1 Here, every occurrence of **you** refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 6 7 o3lb figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶ֥ם…לָ⁠כֶ֖ם…וִֽ⁠ידַעְתֶּ֗ם…אֱלֹ֣הֵי⁠כֶ֔ם…אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם 1 Here, every occurrence of **you** refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 6 7 14ev figs-synecdoche מִ⁠תַּ֖חַת סִבְל֥וֹת מִצְרָֽיִם 1 This refers to all the hard work the Egyptians made the Israelites do. See what you did in the previous verse at [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/06/07/oqnw]]. Alternate translation: “from the hard work the Egyptians force you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EXO 6 7 14ev figs-synecdoche מִ⁠תַּ֖חַת סִבְל֥וֹת מִצְרָֽיִם 1 This refers to all the hard work the Egyptians made the Israelites do. See what you did in the previous verse at [[rc://en/tn/help/exo/06/07/oqnw]]. Alternate translation: “from the hard work the Egyptians force you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO 6 8 h9ho figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙…לָ⁠כֶ֛ם 1 Here, every occurrence of **you** refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 6 8 h9ho figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙…לָ⁠כֶ֛ם 1 Here, every occurrence of **you** refers to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 6 8 g9ru translate-symaction נָשָׂ֨אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔⁠י 1 I swore This is an action signifying making an oath. Raising the hand may not have the same meaning in your culture so you may need to use a different symbolic oath taking action in your translation or simply translate the meaning. Alternate translation: “I promised” or “I said I would” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) EXO 6 8 g9ru translate-symaction נָשָׂ֨אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔⁠י 1 I swore This is an action signifying making an oath. Raising the hand may not have the same meaning in your culture so you may need to use a different symbolic oath taking action in your translation or simply translate the meaning. Alternate translation: “I promised” or “I said I would” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EXO 6 8 i3vj מוֹרָשָׁ֖ה 1 This means the Israelites will own the land. Alternate translation: “as your own land” EXO 6 8 i3vj מוֹרָשָׁ֖ה 1 This means the Israelites will own the land. Alternate translation: “as your own land”
EXO 6 8 ipnm figs-quotemarks אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Yahweh ends. Both the primary and secondary quotes end. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary and secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation and a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 6 8 ipnm figs-quotemarks אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Yahweh ends. Both the primary and secondary quotes end. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary and secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation and a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ EXO 7 2 hdwo figs-quotations וְ⁠שִׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־י
EXO 7 2 204o מֵ⁠אַרְצֽ⁠וֹ 1 “Egypt” EXO 7 2 204o מֵ⁠אַרְצֽ⁠וֹ 1 “Egypt”
EXO 7 3 adsq figs-metaphor אַקְשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה 1 This means God will make him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. If heart is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [Exodus 4:21](../04/21.md), but note the slightly different metaphor there: the heart being strong vs. hard. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 7 3 adsq figs-metaphor אַקְשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה 1 This means God will make him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. If heart is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [Exodus 4:21](../04/21.md), but note the slightly different metaphor there: the heart being strong vs. hard. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 7 3 vtt1 figs-doublet אֶת־אֹתֹתַ֛⁠י וְ⁠אֶת־מוֹפְתַ֖⁠י 1 many signs…many wonders The words “signs” and “wonders” mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) EXO 7 3 vtt1 figs-doublet אֶת־אֹתֹתַ֛⁠י וְ⁠אֶת־מוֹפְתַ֖⁠י 1 many signs…many wonders The words “signs” and “wonders” mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO 7 4 ar0l figs-youdual אֲלֵ⁠כֶם֙ 1 Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual (if you have one) or plural (if not) here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br> EXO 7 4 ar0l figs-youdual אֲלֵ⁠כֶם֙ 1 Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual (if you have one) or plural (if not) here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])<br>
EXO 7 4 e2kv figs-metonymy יָדִ֖⁠י 1 put my hand on The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “use my power against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 7 4 e2kv figs-metonymy יָדִ֖⁠י 1 put my hand on The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “use my power against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 7 4 0r0r figs-metonymy בְּ⁠מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 This refers to **Egypt** as a land and everything in it, including people, animals, and plants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 7 4 0r0r figs-metonymy בְּ⁠מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 This refers to **Egypt** as a land and everything in it, including people, animals, and plants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 7 4 nilu אֶת־צִבְאֹתַ֜⁠י אֶת־עַמִּ֤⁠י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 This phrase refers to the Israelites in three different ways, not to three different groups of people. **armies** is the same word used in [Exodus 6:26](../06/26.md). Alternate translation: “the armies of my Israelite people” EXO 7 4 nilu אֶת־צִבְאֹתַ֜⁠י אֶת־עַמִּ֤⁠י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 This phrase refers to the Israelites in three different ways, not to three different groups of people. **armies** is the same word used in [Exodus 6:26](../06/26.md). Alternate translation: “the armies of my Israelite people”
@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ EXO 7 9 jt9z figs-quotations כִּי֩ יְדַבֵּ֨ר אֲלֵ⁠כֶ֤ם
EXO 7 9 ye9j figs-quotemarks תְּנ֥וּ לָ⁠כֶ֖ם מוֹפֵ֑ת 1 This is a second layer direct quotation. If you did not decide to make it an indirect quotation, it may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 7 9 ye9j figs-quotemarks תְּנ֥וּ לָ⁠כֶ֖ם מוֹפֵ֑ת 1 This is a second layer direct quotation. If you did not decide to make it an indirect quotation, it may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 7 9 r0tp figs-quotemarks קַ֧ח אֶֽת־מַטְּ⁠ךָ֛ וְ⁠הַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ לִ⁠פְנֵֽי־פַרְעֹ֖ה יְהִ֥י לְ⁠תַנִּֽין 1 This is a second layer direct quotation. The second layer may end after **Pharaoh.** If you did not decide to make it an indirect quotation, it may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 7 9 r0tp figs-quotemarks קַ֧ח אֶֽת־מַטְּ⁠ךָ֛ וְ⁠הַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ לִ⁠פְנֵֽי־פַרְעֹ֖ה יְהִ֥י לְ⁠תַנִּֽין 1 This is a second layer direct quotation. The second layer may end after **Pharaoh.** If you did not decide to make it an indirect quotation, it may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with secondary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 7 9 p3xh לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 This marks the beginning of a direct quote and is often omitted in translation when such a construction is unnatural in the target language. See UST. EXO 7 9 p3xh לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 This marks the beginning of a direct quote and is often omitted in translation when such a construction is unnatural in the target language. See UST.
EXO 7 9 ms5o figs-youdual אֲלֵ⁠כֶ֤ם…לָ⁠כֶ֖ם 1 These are plural, refering to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual (if you have one) or plural (if not) here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 7 9 ms5o figs-youdual אֲלֵ⁠כֶ֤ם…לָ⁠כֶ֖ם 1 These are plural, refering to Moses and Aaron. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual (if you have one) or plural (if not) here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 7 9 6hfg figs-quotesinquotes תְּנ֥וּ לָ⁠כֶ֖ם מוֹפֵ֑ת 1 This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]]) EXO 7 9 6hfg figs-quotesinquotes תְּנ֥וּ לָ⁠כֶ֖ם מוֹפֵ֑ת 1 This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
EXO 7 9 s5a9 קַ֧ח אֶֽת־מַטְּ⁠ךָ֛ וְ⁠הַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ לִ⁠פְנֵֽי־פַרְעֹ֖ה יְהִ֥י לְ⁠תַנִּֽין 1 This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]]) EXO 7 9 s5a9 קַ֧ח אֶֽת־מַטְּ⁠ךָ֛ וְ⁠הַשְׁלֵ֥ךְ לִ⁠פְנֵֽי־פַרְעֹ֖ה יְהִ֥י לְ⁠תַנִּֽין 1 This is a second layer quotation. It should be marked in some manner that distinguishes it from the outer layer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
EXO 7 9 ogk9 figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵֽי־פַרְעֹ֖ה 1 This time while, **before the face of,** still has the standard figurative meaning of *in the presence of,* it is a much more literal use here. Moses is to actually do the miracles in front of Pharaoh, so he can see them. Alternative translation: “so Pharaoh can see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 7 9 ogk9 figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵֽי־פַרְעֹ֖ה 1 This time while, **before the face of,** still has the standard figurative meaning of *in the presence of,* it is a much more literal use here. Moses is to actually do the miracles in front of Pharaoh, so he can see them. Alternative translation: “so Pharaoh can see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ EXO 8 24 nd6e figs-activepassive תִּשָּׁחֵ֥ת הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ מִ
EXO 8 24 ngue figs-metonymy מִ⁠פְּנֵ֥י הֶ⁠עָרֹֽב 1 Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of the insects. Alternate translation: “because the insects were everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 8 24 ngue figs-metonymy מִ⁠פְּנֵ֥י הֶ⁠עָרֹֽב 1 Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of the insects. Alternate translation: “because the insects were everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 8 25 e7l0 grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וַ⁠יִּקְרָ֣א 1 This happened during the plague. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]]) EXO 8 25 e7l0 grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וַ⁠יִּקְרָ֣א 1 This happened during the plague. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])
EXO 8 25 ciy5 figs-quotemarks לְכ֛וּ זִבְח֥וּ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהֵי⁠כֶ֖ם בָּ⁠אָֽרֶץ 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 8 25 ciy5 figs-quotemarks לְכ֛וּ זִבְח֥וּ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהֵי⁠כֶ֖ם בָּ⁠אָֽרֶץ 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 8 25 gj2w figs-youdual לֵֽ⁠אלֹהֵי⁠כֶ֖ם 1 Here, **your** is plural. it could refer either to Moses and Aaron or to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a dual (if you have one) if your team decides it means Moses and Aaron, otherwise use a plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 8 25 gj2w figs-youdual לֵֽ⁠אלֹהֵי⁠כֶ֖ם 1 Here, **your** is plural. it could refer either to Moses and Aaron or to the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual (if you have one) if your team decides it means Moses and Aaron, otherwise use a plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 8 26 tvnj figs-quotemarks וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֗ה 1 After this phrase a direct quote begins that continues until the end of [8:27](../08/27.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 8 26 tvnj figs-quotemarks וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֗ה 1 After this phrase a direct quote begins that continues until the end of [8:27](../08/27.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 8 26 9x8p תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת מִצְרַ֔יִם…תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת מִצְרַ֛יִם 1 We do not know what about their sacrificing was an **abomination** to the Egyptians. The same term is used in Genesis 43:32 and 46:34 to describe the Egyptians’ feelings about eating with Hebrews and about the Hebrew profession of shepherding, respectively. Translators should attempt to convey the strong negative feelings that would be provoked in the Egyptians without speculating as to the cause. EXO 8 26 9x8p תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת מִצְרַ֔יִם…תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת מִצְרַ֛יִם 1 We do not know what about their sacrificing was an **abomination** to the Egyptians. The same term is used in Genesis 43:32 and 46:34 to describe the Egyptians’ feelings about eating with Hebrews and about the Hebrew profession of shepherding, respectively. Translators should attempt to convey the strong negative feelings that would be provoked in the Egyptians without speculating as to the cause.
EXO 8 26 43cl figs-exclusive נִזְבַּ֖ח …אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ …נִזְבַּ֞ח …יִסְקְלֻֽ⁠נוּ 1 Here, **we, our,** and **us** should all be translated as exclusive (if your language makes that distinction). Pharaoh and the Egyptians are not included. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) EXO 8 26 43cl figs-exclusive נִזְבַּ֖ח …אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ …נִזְבַּ֞ח …יִסְקְלֻֽ⁠נוּ 1 Here, **we, our,** and **us** should all be translated as exclusive (if your language makes that distinction). Pharaoh and the Egyptians are not included. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ EXO 8 26 gy7d figs-metonymy לְ⁠עֵינֵי⁠הֶ֖ם 1 right before their
EXO 8 27 ju3u figs-exclusive נֵלֵ֖ךְ…וְ⁠זָבַ֨חְנוּ֙…אֱלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ…אֵלֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 Here, **we, our,** and **us** should all be translated as exclusive (if your language makes that distinction). Pharaoh and his people are not included. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) EXO 8 27 ju3u figs-exclusive נֵלֵ֖ךְ…וְ⁠זָבַ֨חְנוּ֙…אֱלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ…אֵלֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 Here, **we, our,** and **us** should all be translated as exclusive (if your language makes that distinction). Pharaoh and his people are not included. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
EXO 8 27 clc3 figs-quotemarks אֵלֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Moses’ argument to Pharaoh ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 8 27 clc3 figs-quotemarks אֵלֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 After this phrase, the direct quote of Moses’ argument to Pharaoh ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 8 28 p3pd figs-quotemarks אָנֹכִ֞י אֲשַׁלַּ֤ח אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ וּ⁠זְבַחְתֶּ֞ם לַ⁠יהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶם֙ בַּ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר רַ֛ק הַרְחֵ֥ק לֹא־תַרְחִ֖יקוּ לָ⁠לֶ֑כֶת הַעְתִּ֖ירוּ בַּעֲדִֽ⁠י 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 8 28 p3pd figs-quotemarks אָנֹכִ֞י אֲשַׁלַּ֤ח אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ וּ⁠זְבַחְתֶּ֞ם לַ⁠יהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶם֙ בַּ⁠מִּדְבָּ֔ר רַ֛ק הַרְחֵ֥ק לֹא־תַרְחִ֖יקוּ לָ⁠לֶ֑כֶת הַעְתִּ֖ירוּ בַּעֲדִֽ⁠י 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 8 28 qxes figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ …אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶם֙ …תַרְחִ֖יקוּ 1 If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 8 28 qxes figs-youdual אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ …אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶם֙ …תַרְחִ֖יקוּ 1 If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 8 28 mla2 אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ 1 “the Israelites” EXO 8 28 mla2 אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ 1 “the Israelites”
EXO 8 28 hnud figs-idiom הַרְחֵ֥ק…תַרְחִ֖יקוּ 1 In Hebrew, **far** is repeated to emphasize (with **not**) that they are absolutely not to go too far. If your language does not use repeating words like this, express the emphasis in another way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 8 28 hnud figs-idiom הַרְחֵ֥ק…תַרְחִ֖יקוּ 1 In Hebrew, **far** is repeated to emphasize (with **not**) that they are absolutely not to go too far. If your language does not use repeating words like this, express the emphasis in another way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 8 29 kgkx figs-quotemarks הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י יוֹצֵ֤א מֵֽ⁠עִמָּ⁠ךְ֙ וְ⁠הַעְתַּרְתִּ֣י אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְ⁠סָ֣ר הֶ⁠עָרֹ֗ב מִ⁠פַּרְעֹ֛ה מֵ⁠עֲבָדָ֥י⁠ו וּ⁠מֵ⁠עַמּ֖⁠וֹ מָחָ֑ר רַ֗ק אַל־יֹסֵ֤ף פַּרְעֹה֙ הָתֵ֔ל לְ⁠בִלְתִּי֙ שַׁלַּ֣ח אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֔ם לִ⁠זְבֹּ֖חַ לַֽ⁠יהוָֽה 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EXO 8 29 kgkx figs-quotemarks הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י יוֹצֵ֤א מֵֽ⁠עִמָּ⁠ךְ֙ וְ⁠הַעְתַּרְתִּ֣י אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְ⁠סָ֣ר הֶ⁠עָרֹ֗ב מִ⁠פַּרְעֹ֛ה מֵ⁠עֲבָדָ֥י⁠ו וּ⁠מֵ⁠עַמּ֖⁠וֹ מָחָ֑ר רַ֗ק אַל־יֹסֵ֤ף פַּרְעֹה֙ הָתֵ֔ל לְ⁠בִלְתִּי֙ שַׁלַּ֣ח אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֔ם לִ⁠זְבֹּ֖חַ לַֽ⁠יהוָֽה 1 This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it off with primary quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ EXO 9 2 l7ld figs-parallelism כִּ֛י אִם־מָאֵ֥ן אַתָּ֖ה ל
EXO 9 3 fltr הִנֵּ֨ה 1 This is used to draw attention to surprising information that follows. Alternate translation: “look out” EXO 9 3 fltr הִנֵּ֨ה 1 This is used to draw attention to surprising information that follows. Alternate translation: “look out”
EXO 9 3 ume2 figs-metonymy יַד־יְהוָ֜ה הוֹיָ֗ה בְּ⁠מִקְנְ⁠ךָ֙ 1 then Yahweh’s hand will be on your cattle Here, **hand** represents Yahweh’s power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate translation: “then the power of Yahweh will afflict your livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 9 3 ume2 figs-metonymy יַד־יְהוָ֜ה הוֹיָ֗ה בְּ⁠מִקְנְ⁠ךָ֙ 1 then Yahweh’s hand will be on your cattle Here, **hand** represents Yahweh’s power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate translation: “then the power of Yahweh will afflict your livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 9 3 cjt9 figs-123person יַד־יְהוָ֜ה 1 This is part of the reported speech that Yahweh wants Moses to say to Pharaoh. Therefore you could change the third person **the hand of Yahweh** to first person if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EXO 9 3 cjt9 figs-123person יַד־יְהוָ֜ה 1 This is part of the reported speech that Yahweh wants Moses to say to Pharaoh. Therefore you could change the third person **the hand of Yahweh** to first person if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EXO 9 3 tn3z figs-youdual בְּ⁠מִקְנְ⁠ךָ֙ 1 on your cattle While the word **your** here is not plural, the next verse shows that it refers to all the people of Egypt who owned cattle. If your language uses different forms of you depending on the number of people addressed you may want to use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]]) EXO 9 3 tn3z figs-youdual בְּ⁠מִקְנְ⁠ךָ֙ 1 on your cattle While the word **your** here is not plural, the next verse shows that it refers to all the people of Egypt who owned cattle. If your language uses different forms of **you** depending on the number of people addressed, you may want to use a plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
EXO 9 3 v8ur figs-merism בַּ⁠סּוּסִ֤ים בַּֽ⁠חֲמֹרִים֙ בַּ⁠גְּמַלִּ֔ים בַּ⁠בָּקָ֖ר וּ⁠בַ⁠צֹּ֑אן 1 This long list is meant to reinforce the universal effects of the coming plague. It is presented in this way for rhetorical effect, that is, to convince Pharaoh of how bad this plague will be so he will obey. You should translate the list in such a way that it is not limiting, but is understood to imply universality. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] EXO 9 3 v8ur figs-merism בַּ⁠סּוּסִ֤ים בַּֽ⁠חֲמֹרִים֙ בַּ⁠גְּמַלִּ֔ים בַּ⁠בָּקָ֖ר וּ⁠בַ⁠צֹּ֑אן 1 This long list is meant to reinforce the universal effects of the coming plague. It is presented in this way for rhetorical effect, that is, to convince Pharaoh of how bad this plague will be so he will obey. You should translate the list in such a way that it is not limiting, but is understood to imply universality. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]
EXO 9 3 2kqc figs-collectivenouns בַּ⁠בָּקָ֖ר …וּ⁠בַ⁠צֹּ֑אן 1 These singular nouns refer to groups of animals. Alternate translation: “on your bulls and cows and on your sheep and goats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]]) EXO 9 3 2kqc figs-collectivenouns בַּ⁠בָּקָ֖ר …וּ⁠בַ⁠צֹּ֑אן 1 These singular nouns refer to groups of animals. Alternate translation: “on your bulls and cows and on your sheep and goats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-collectivenouns]])
EXO 9 3 3ud8 figs-metaphor כָּבֵ֥ד 1 Here, the plague is spoken of as if it weighed a lot. This means it would be very bad. Alternate translation: “severe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 9 3 3ud8 figs-metaphor כָּבֵ֥ד 1 Here, the plague is spoken of as if it weighed a lot. This means it would be very bad. Alternate translation: “severe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ EXO 10 28 lcz2 1 Be careful about one thing “Make sure of one thing” or
EXO 10 28 te45 figs-synecdoche 1 you see my face Here the word “face” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EXO 10 28 te45 figs-synecdoche 1 you see my face Here the word “face” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO 10 29 h1jf figs-idiom 1 You yourself have spoken With these words, Moses emphasizes that Pharaoh has spoken the truth. Alternate translation: “What you have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 10 29 h1jf figs-idiom 1 You yourself have spoken With these words, Moses emphasizes that Pharaoh has spoken the truth. Alternate translation: “What you have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 11 intro pu3u 0 # Exodus 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he demanded that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. In this chapter, the same wording is used to refer to Pharaoh “allowing” the Hebrew people to leave Egypt. EXO 11 intro pu3u 0 # Exodus 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he demanded that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. In this chapter, the same wording is used to refer to Pharaoh “allowing” the Hebrew people to leave Egypt.
EXO 11 1 i87h figs-you 1 he will let you go from here Each occurrence of the word “you” in this verse is plural and refers to Moses and the rest of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 11 1 i87h figs-you 1 he will let you go from here Each occurrence of the word **you** in this verse is plural and refers to Moses and the rest of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 11 4 kpb5 1 midnight This is the time of 12 am (at night) or 2400 hours. EXO 11 4 kpb5 1 midnight This is the time of 12 am (at night) or 2400 hours.
EXO 11 5 hv8k 1 All the firstborn…the firstborn of Pharaoh…the firstborn of the slave girl…the firstborn of the cattle The “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring. EXO 11 5 hv8k 1 All the firstborn…the firstborn of Pharaoh…the firstborn of the slave girl…the firstborn of the cattle The “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring.
EXO 11 5 k42h 1 who sits on his throne This phrase refers to Pharaoh. EXO 11 5 k42h 1 who sits on his throne This phrase refers to Pharaoh.
@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ EXO 13 20 xq5d translate-names 1 camped at Etham Etham is located south of the
EXO 13 21 jnv8 1 pillar of cloud…pillar of fire “a cloud in the shape of a column…fire in the shape of a column.” God is with them in a cloud by day and in a fire by night. EXO 13 21 jnv8 1 pillar of cloud…pillar of fire “a cloud in the shape of a column…fire in the shape of a column.” God is with them in a cloud by day and in a fire by night.
EXO 14 intro jq4u 0 # Exodus 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is an important event in the history of Israel, known as the “parting of the Sea of Reeds.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>### Pharaoh’s chariots<br>These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) EXO 14 intro jq4u 0 # Exodus 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is an important event in the history of Israel, known as the “parting of the Sea of Reeds.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>### Pharaoh’s chariots<br>These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
EXO 14 2 mb4e translate-names 1 Pi Hahiroth…Migdol…Baal Zephon These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EXO 14 2 mb4e translate-names 1 Pi Hahiroth…Migdol…Baal Zephon These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO 14 2 c9r8 figs-you 1 You are to camp Here the word “You” is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 14 2 c9r8 figs-you 1 You are to camp Here, **You** is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 14 3 c81b figs-quotations 1 Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say the Israelites are wandering in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) EXO 14 3 c81b figs-quotations 1 Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say the Israelites are wandering in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO 14 3 tz6j figs-personification 1 The wilderness has closed in on them Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) EXO 14 3 tz6j figs-personification 1 The wilderness has closed in on them Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO 14 4 mm7j 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to instruct Moses on where to go and what Yahweh will do. EXO 14 4 mm7j 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to instruct Moses on where to go and what Yahweh will do.
@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ EXO 14 11 x4n2 figs-rquestion 1 Why have you treated us like this, bringing us
EXO 14 12 itb2 figs-rquestion 1 Is this not what we told you in Egypt? The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 14 12 itb2 figs-rquestion 1 Is this not what we told you in Egypt? The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 14 12 ix25 figs-quotations 1 We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “We told you to leave us alone, so we could work for the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) EXO 14 12 ix25 figs-quotations 1 We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’ This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “We told you to leave us alone, so we could work for the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO 14 13 lat4 1 Moses said to the people Moses responds to the Israelites’ fears. EXO 14 13 lat4 1 Moses said to the people Moses responds to the Israelites’ fears.
EXO 14 13 rrd4 figs-you 1 provide for you The pronoun “you” refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 14 13 rrd4 figs-you 1 provide for you The pronoun **you** refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 14 13 h5n4 figs-euphemism 1 For you will never see again the Egyptians Moses used a polite way of saying God was going to destroy the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “For God will kill the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) EXO 14 13 h5n4 figs-euphemism 1 For you will never see again the Egyptians Moses used a polite way of saying God was going to destroy the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “For God will kill the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO 14 15 a727 figs-rquestion 1 Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me? Moses apparently had been praying to God for help so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not call out to me any longer, Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 14 15 a727 figs-rquestion 1 Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me? Moses apparently had been praying to God for help so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not call out to me any longer, Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 14 16 t3e4 1 divide it in two “divide the sea into two parts” EXO 14 16 t3e4 1 divide it in two “divide the sea into two parts”
@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ EXO 16 25 pr1p 1 today is a day reserved as a Sabbath to honor Yahweh “today
EXO 16 26 jv77 translate-numbers 1 but the seventh day “but on day seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) EXO 16 26 jv77 translate-numbers 1 but the seventh day “but on day seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO 16 26 hq5i 1 manna This was the name the Israelites gave to the bread that Yahweh caused to appear for them each morning. EXO 16 26 hq5i 1 manna This was the name the Israelites gave to the bread that Yahweh caused to appear for them each morning.
EXO 16 27 qf14 1 they found none “they did not find any manna” EXO 16 27 qf14 1 they found none “they did not find any manna”
EXO 16 28 q41d 1 General Information: Yahweh speaks to Moses, but the word “you” refers to the people of Israel in general. EXO 16 28 q41d 1 General Information: Yahweh speaks to Moses, but the word **you** refers to the people of Israel in general.
EXO 16 28 e1vx figs-rquestion 1 How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws? God used this question to scold the people because they did not obey his laws. Alternate translation: “You people still do not keep my commandments and laws!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 16 28 e1vx figs-rquestion 1 How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws? God used this question to scold the people because they did not obey his laws. Alternate translation: “You people still do not keep my commandments and laws!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 16 28 vnq7 1 to keep my commandments and my laws “to obey my commandments and my laws” EXO 16 28 vnq7 1 to keep my commandments and my laws “to obey my commandments and my laws”
EXO 16 29 p22l figs-metaphor 1 Yahweh has given you the Sabbath Yahweh speaks about teaching people to rest on the Sabbath as if the Sabbath were a gift. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, have taught you to rest on the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 16 29 p22l figs-metaphor 1 Yahweh has given you the Sabbath Yahweh speaks about teaching people to rest on the Sabbath as if the Sabbath were a gift. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, have taught you to rest on the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ EXO 19 1 xw7p 1 had gone out from “had left”
EXO 19 2 nk51 translate-names 1 Rephidim This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EXO 19 2 nk51 translate-names 1 Rephidim This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO 19 3 s2qt figs-metonymy 1 the house of Jacob The word “house” here represents Jacob’s family and descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 19 3 s2qt figs-metonymy 1 the house of Jacob The word “house” here represents Jacob’s family and descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 19 3 f4qw 1 the house of Jacob, the people of Israel The phrase “the people of Israel” explains what “the house of Jacob” means. EXO 19 3 f4qw 1 the house of Jacob, the people of Israel The phrase “the people of Israel” explains what “the house of Jacob” means.
EXO 19 4 z9i6 figs-you 1 You have seen The word “you” here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to tell the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 19 4 z9i6 figs-you 1 You have seen The word **you** here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to tell the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 19 4 b7ph figs-metaphor 1 I carried you on eagles’ wings God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his wings. Alternate translation: “I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 19 4 b7ph figs-metaphor 1 I carried you on eagles’ wings God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his wings. Alternate translation: “I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 19 5 th35 1 obediently listen to my voice Obediently can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “listen to my voice and obey me” EXO 19 5 th35 1 obediently listen to my voice Obediently can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “listen to my voice and obey me”
EXO 19 5 c767 figs-metonymy 1 my voice God’s voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “what I say” or “my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 19 5 c767 figs-metonymy 1 my voice God’s voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “what I say” or “my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@ -1433,7 +1433,7 @@ EXO 24 17 k5lj figs-metaphor 1 in the eyes of the Israelites Their eyes represe
EXO 24 18 h1wy translate-numbers 1 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) EXO 24 18 h1wy translate-numbers 1 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO 25 intro t23a 0 # Exodus 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) EXO 25 intro t23a 0 # Exodus 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO 25 2 r5yr figs-idiom 1 who is motivated by a willing heart This is an idiom that indicates a person’s desire to give an offering. Alternate translation: “who wants to give an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 25 2 r5yr figs-idiom 1 who is motivated by a willing heart This is an idiom that indicates a person’s desire to give an offering. Alternate translation: “who wants to give an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 25 2 k78q figs-you 1 You must receive The word “you” refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 25 2 k78q figs-you 1 You must receive The word **you** refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 25 3 s2ls 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 25 3 s2ls 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 25 4 c1qn 1 blue, purple, and scarlet material Possible meanings are (1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. EXO 25 4 c1qn 1 blue, purple, and scarlet material Possible meanings are (1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
EXO 25 4 c958 1 scarlet bright red EXO 25 4 c958 1 scarlet bright red
@ -1443,8 +1443,8 @@ EXO 25 7 aks5 figs-activepassive 1 precious stones to be set This can be stated
EXO 25 7 c3hk 1 precious stones “valuable gems” or “treasured gems” EXO 25 7 c3hk 1 precious stones “valuable gems” or “treasured gems”
EXO 25 8 d3vm 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 25 8 d3vm 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 25 9 w4sc 1 tabernacle Here this word means the same thing as the word “sanctuary” in verse 8. EXO 25 9 w4sc 1 tabernacle Here this word means the same thing as the word “sanctuary” in verse 8.
EXO 25 9 c9qe figs-you 1 You must make it Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 25 9 c9qe figs-you 1 You must make it Here **you** is plural and refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 25 9 m1np figs-you 1 show you in the plans “show you in the design” or “show you in the pattern.” Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 25 9 m1np figs-you 1 show you in the plans “show you in the design” or “show you in the pattern.” Here **you** is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 25 10 n7j1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 25 10 n7j1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 25 10 cs23 translate-bdistance 1 two and a half cubits…one cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…almost 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) EXO 25 10 cs23 translate-bdistance 1 two and a half cubits…one cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…almost 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO 25 12 e59p 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 25 12 e59p 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
@ -1457,9 +1457,9 @@ EXO 25 18 hfw6 1 hammered gold “beaten gold”
EXO 25 19 rgn8 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 25 19 rgn8 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 25 19 j38e 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). EXO 25 19 j38e 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO 25 19 b4l9 figs-activepassive 1 They must be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 25 19 b4l9 figs-activepassive 1 They must be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 25 21 lm1p figs-you 1 You must put Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 25 21 lm1p figs-you 1 You must put Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 25 22 hl6e 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to speak to Moses. EXO 25 22 hl6e 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to speak to Moses.
EXO 25 22 zu9u figs-you 1 It is at the ark that I will meet with you “I will meet with you at the ark.” In 25:22 the word “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 25 22 zu9u figs-you 1 It is at the ark that I will meet with you “I will meet with you at the ark.” In 25:22 the word **you** is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 25 22 wq9w 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). EXO 25 22 wq9w 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO 25 23 b11v 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 25 23 b11v 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 25 23 t312 translate-bdistance 1 two cubits…one cubit…a cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits…1 cubit…1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters…46 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) EXO 25 23 t312 translate-bdistance 1 two cubits…one cubit…a cubit and a half A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits…1 cubit…1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters…46 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
@ -1490,7 +1490,7 @@ EXO 25 39 ff8n 1 its accessories the tongs and the trays
EXO 25 40 l7je figs-activepassive 1 you are being shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am showing you on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 25 40 l7je figs-activepassive 1 you are being shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am showing you on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 26 intro emw7 0 # Exodus 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) EXO 26 intro emw7 0 # Exodus 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO 26 1 hen6 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)). EXO 26 1 hen6 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
EXO 26 1 ks8r figs-you 1 You must make Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 26 1 ks8r figs-you 1 You must make Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word **you** is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 26 1 iww4 1 curtains These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle. EXO 26 1 iww4 1 curtains These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle.
EXO 26 1 xvs7 1 scarlet wool wool dyed a deep red color EXO 26 1 xvs7 1 scarlet wool wool dyed a deep red color
EXO 26 1 n2vm 1 craftsman a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand EXO 26 1 n2vm 1 craftsman a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
@ -1531,7 +1531,7 @@ EXO 26 29 ji1j 1 for them to serve as holders for the crossbars “which will
EXO 26 29 nq3m 1 crossbars These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md). EXO 26 29 nq3m 1 crossbars These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md).
EXO 26 30 csf9 figs-activepassive 1 you were shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 26 30 csf9 figs-activepassive 1 you were shown on the mountain This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 26 31 yqi6 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle is to be constructed. EXO 26 31 yqi6 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle is to be constructed.
EXO 26 31 uc7w figs-you 1 You must make Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 26 31 uc7w figs-you 1 You must make Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word **you** is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 26 33 p2yq 1 clasps The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md). EXO 26 33 p2yq 1 clasps The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md).
EXO 26 33 d3gm figs-explicit 1 you must bring in the ark of the testimony The ark of the testimony is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “you must bring in the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EXO 26 33 d3gm figs-explicit 1 you must bring in the ark of the testimony The ark of the testimony is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “you must bring in the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO 26 33 jc47 figs-activepassive 1 The curtain is to separate the holy place This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The curtain will separate the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 26 33 jc47 figs-activepassive 1 The curtain is to separate the holy place This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The curtain will separate the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -1600,7 +1600,7 @@ EXO 27 21 vr7m 1 This requirement will be a lasting statute “I require that
EXO 28 intro r3yx 0 # Exodus 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Holy garments<br>Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did they must be wearing specially made clothing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) EXO 28 intro r3yx 0 # Exodus 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Holy garments<br>Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did they must be wearing specially made clothing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO 28 1 bsm1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)). EXO 28 1 bsm1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
EXO 28 1 e1xb figs-you 1 Call to yourself Here “yourself” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 28 1 e1xb figs-you 1 Call to yourself Here “yourself” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 28 2 tv9h figs-you 1 You must make Here “you” refers to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 28 2 tv9h figs-you 1 You must make Here **you** refers to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 28 2 t5gy figs-activepassive 1 garments that are set apart to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “garments that you will set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 28 2 t5gy figs-activepassive 1 garments that are set apart to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “garments that you will set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 28 4 re79 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. EXO 28 4 re79 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO 28 4 tr5e 1 a coat of woven work “a coat with a design woven into it” EXO 28 4 tr5e 1 a coat of woven work “a coat with a design woven into it”
@ -1675,7 +1675,7 @@ EXO 28 43 s6n2 1 tent of meeting This is another name for the tabernacle. See
EXO 28 43 r7y7 1 a permanent law “a law the will not end” EXO 28 43 r7y7 1 a permanent law “a law the will not end”
EXO 29 intro xmd9 0 # Exodus 29 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Consecrating priests<br>This chapter records the process of consecrating priests. The priests were to be set apart from the rest of Israel because Yahweh is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “I will live among the Israelites”<br>As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark. EXO 29 intro xmd9 0 # Exodus 29 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Consecrating priests<br>This chapter records the process of consecrating priests. The priests were to be set apart from the rest of Israel because Yahweh is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “I will live among the Israelites”<br>As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark.
EXO 29 1 d6gk 1 Now The word “now” marks a change in topic from garments for priests to consecrating priests. EXO 29 1 d6gk 1 Now The word “now” marks a change in topic from garments for priests to consecrating priests.
EXO 29 1 z78h 1 you must do Here “you” refers to Moses. EXO 29 1 z78h 1 you must do Here **you** refers to Moses.
EXO 29 1 ld5s 1 to set them apart “to set apart Aaron and his sons” EXO 29 1 ld5s 1 to set them apart “to set apart Aaron and his sons”
EXO 29 1 dq2c 1 serve me Here “me” refers to Yahweh. EXO 29 1 dq2c 1 serve me Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
EXO 29 1 cgl2 1 one young bull a male cow EXO 29 1 cgl2 1 one young bull a male cow
@ -1756,7 +1756,7 @@ EXO 29 43 ic8i figs-activepassive 1 the tent will be set apart for me by my glo
EXO 29 45 zcs1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. EXO 29 45 zcs1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO 30 intro z3yc 0 # Exodus 30 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Atonement<br>The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]]) EXO 30 intro z3yc 0 # Exodus 30 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Atonement<br>The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
EXO 30 1 r1f4 1 General Information: Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment. EXO 30 1 r1f4 1 General Information: Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment.
EXO 30 1 v8vb figs-you 1 You must make Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 1 v8vb figs-you 1 You must make Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 2 w56e figs-activepassive 1 Its horns must be made These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated “horns” in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). Alternate translation: “You must make its horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 30 2 w56e figs-activepassive 1 Its horns must be made These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated “horns” in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). Alternate translation: “You must make its horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 30 3 d3uu 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. EXO 30 3 d3uu 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO 30 3 ddb2 1 the incense altar “an altar to burn incense” EXO 30 3 ddb2 1 the incense altar “an altar to burn incense”
@ -1764,14 +1764,14 @@ EXO 30 4 qyg4 figs-activepassive 1 to be attached to it This can be stated in a
EXO 30 5 r61h 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 30 5 r61h 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 30 6 h33c figs-explicit 1 ark of the testimony The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EXO 30 6 h33c figs-explicit 1 ark of the testimony The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO 30 6 e52i 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md). EXO 30 6 e52i 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO 30 6 vg6k figs-you 1 where I will meet with you Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 6 vg6k figs-you 1 where I will meet with you Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 7 l2rl 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. EXO 30 7 l2rl 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO 30 8 qm7i 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). EXO 30 8 qm7i 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO 30 9 ckf9 1 But you must offer Though the word “you” is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense. EXO 30 9 ckf9 1 But you must offer Though the word **you** is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense.
EXO 30 10 ez2s 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. EXO 30 10 ez2s 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO 30 10 k6xk 1 horns These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). EXO 30 10 k6xk 1 horns These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
EXO 30 10 san2 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md). EXO 30 10 san2 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO 30 12 s73c figs-you 1 When you take Possible meanings are (1) “you” refers to just Moses or (2) “you” refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 12 s73c figs-you 1 When you take Possible meanings are (1) **you** refers to just Moses or (2) **you** refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 12 k5p1 1 a census of the Israelites The leaders only counted the Israelite men. EXO 30 12 k5p1 1 a census of the Israelites The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
EXO 30 13 s69s figs-activepassive 1 Everyone who is counted This can be stated in active form. They counted only the men. Alternate translation: “Everyone you count” or “Every man you count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 30 13 s69s figs-activepassive 1 Everyone who is counted This can be stated in active form. They counted only the men. Alternate translation: “Everyone you count” or “Every man you count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 30 13 i4wk translate-bmoney 1 half a shekel of silver “1/2 a shekel of silver.” Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “5.5 grams of silver” or “six grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) EXO 30 13 i4wk translate-bmoney 1 half a shekel of silver “1/2 a shekel of silver.” Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “5.5 grams of silver” or “six grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
@ -1782,7 +1782,7 @@ EXO 30 15 r7fd 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the
EXO 30 15 rll6 1 the people Only the men made this offering. EXO 30 15 rll6 1 the people Only the men made this offering.
EXO 30 15 e8xa translate-bmoney 1 the half shekel Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “the 5.5 grams of silver” or “the 6 grams of silver.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) EXO 30 15 e8xa translate-bmoney 1 the half shekel Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “the 5.5 grams of silver” or “the 6 grams of silver.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO 30 16 z6tn 1 It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives Possible meanings are (1) “It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives” or (2) “It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives.” EXO 30 16 z6tn 1 It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives Possible meanings are (1) “It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives” or (2) “It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives.”
EXO 30 18 ye18 figs-you 1 You must also make Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 18 ye18 figs-you 1 You must also make Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 18 v88y 1 bronze basin “bronze bowl” or “bronze tub” EXO 30 18 v88y 1 bronze basin “bronze bowl” or “bronze tub”
EXO 30 18 bh82 1 a bronze stand This is what the basin would be put on. EXO 30 18 bh82 1 a bronze stand This is what the basin would be put on.
EXO 30 18 iq8n 1 a basin for washing This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for. EXO 30 18 iq8n 1 a basin for washing This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for.
@ -1801,7 +1801,7 @@ EXO 30 25 juf3 1 with these ingredients “with these items”
EXO 30 25 k3s5 1 the work of a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. EXO 30 25 k3s5 1 the work of a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it.
EXO 30 25 yv9l 1 a perfumer a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils EXO 30 25 yv9l 1 a perfumer a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils
EXO 30 26 f7k5 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. EXO 30 26 f7k5 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO 30 26 u241 figs-you 1 You must anoint Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 26 u241 figs-you 1 You must anoint Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 26 d4id figs-explicit 1 ark of the testimony The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EXO 30 26 d4id figs-explicit 1 ark of the testimony The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO 30 28 v5mk 1 the altar for burnt offerings “the altar on which offering were burnt” EXO 30 28 v5mk 1 the altar for burnt offerings “the altar on which offering were burnt”
EXO 30 29 a9hr 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. EXO 30 29 a9hr 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
@ -1811,13 +1811,13 @@ EXO 30 32 w4dt 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what Mose
EXO 30 32 rlk4 figs-activepassive 1 It must not be applied to people’s skin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not put the anointing oil that is dedicated to Yahweh on a person’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 30 32 rlk4 figs-activepassive 1 It must not be applied to people’s skin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not put the anointing oil that is dedicated to Yahweh on a person’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 30 32 v3br 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items” EXO 30 32 v3br 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items”
EXO 30 33 pa53 figs-metaphor 1 that person must be cut off from his people The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 30 33 pa53 figs-metaphor 1 that person must be cut off from his people The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 30 34 r3j2 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of “you” are singular. However, the words “blended by a perfumer” might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UST. EXO 30 34 r3j2 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of **you** are singular. However, the words “blended by a perfumer” might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UST.
EXO 30 35 as9y figs-activepassive 1 Make it into the form of incense, blended by a perfumer The phrase with “blended” can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make it into the form of incense that a perfumer has blended” or “A perfumer must blend it into a kind of incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 30 35 as9y figs-activepassive 1 Make it into the form of incense, blended by a perfumer The phrase with “blended” can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make it into the form of incense that a perfumer has blended” or “A perfumer must blend it into a kind of incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 30 35 y8yj 1 blended by a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md). EXO 30 35 y8yj 1 blended by a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
EXO 30 36 nz2a figs-you 1 You will grind it “You will crush it.” Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 36 nz2a figs-you 1 You will grind it “You will crush it.” Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 36 t8y9 figs-you 1 You will regard Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 30 36 t8y9 figs-you 1 You will regard Here **you** is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 30 37 z4p5 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. EXO 30 37 z4p5 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO 30 37 dq6c 1 you must not make any The word “you” here refers to the people of Israel. EXO 30 37 dq6c 1 you must not make any The word **you** here refers to the people of Israel.
EXO 30 37 yv1y 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:32](../30/32.md). EXO 30 37 yv1y 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:32](../30/32.md).
EXO 30 37 wh25 1 It must be most holy to you “You must consider it to be most holy” EXO 30 37 wh25 1 It must be most holy to you “You must consider it to be most holy”
EXO 30 38 xn6v 1 perfume This is a pleasant smelling liquid a person puts on his or her body. EXO 30 38 xn6v 1 perfume This is a pleasant smelling liquid a person puts on his or her body.
@ -1865,7 +1865,7 @@ EXO 32 9 bh7c figs-metaphor 1 I have seen this people Here Yahweh compares know
EXO 32 9 ffe2 figs-metaphor 1 a stiff-necked people Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. Alternate translation: “a stubborn people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 32 9 ffe2 figs-metaphor 1 a stiff-necked people Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. Alternate translation: “a stubborn people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 32 10 fmk3 1 Now then The word “now” is used here to mark a break in what Yahweh was telling Moses. Here Yahweh tells what he will do to the people. EXO 32 10 fmk3 1 Now then The word “now” is used here to mark a break in what Yahweh was telling Moses. Here Yahweh tells what he will do to the people.
EXO 32 10 sd9w figs-metaphor 1 My anger will burn hot against them Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. Alternate translation: “My anger towards them will be terrible” or “I am extremely angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 32 10 sd9w figs-metaphor 1 My anger will burn hot against them Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. Alternate translation: “My anger towards them will be terrible” or “I am extremely angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 32 10 vc2u figs-you 1 from you The word “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 32 10 vc2u figs-you 1 from you The word **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 32 11 h62e figs-metaphor 1 why does your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand? Moses used this question to try to persuade Yahweh not to be so angry with his people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not let your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand.” or “Do not be so angry with your people…a mighty hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 32 11 h62e figs-metaphor 1 why does your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand? Moses used this question to try to persuade Yahweh not to be so angry with his people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not let your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand.” or “Do not be so angry with your people…a mighty hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 32 11 t2cv figs-doublet 1 great power…mighty hand These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) EXO 32 11 t2cv figs-doublet 1 great power…mighty hand These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO 32 11 ph43 figs-metonymy 1 a mighty hand Here the word “hand” refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate translation: “and the powerful things you did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 32 11 ph43 figs-metonymy 1 a mighty hand Here the word “hand” refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate translation: “and the powerful things you did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@ -1923,13 +1923,13 @@ EXO 33 12 a7jr figs-idiom 1 you have also found favor in my eyes Here “found
EXO 33 13 e6vv figs-idiom 1 Now if I have found favor in your eyes Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 33 13 e6vv figs-idiom 1 Now if I have found favor in your eyes Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 33 13 zi7j 1 show me your ways Possible meanings: (1) “show me what you are going to do in the future” or (2) “show me how people can do what pleases you.” EXO 33 13 zi7j 1 show me your ways Possible meanings: (1) “show me what you are going to do in the future” or (2) “show me how people can do what pleases you.”
EXO 33 14 gh8q figs-metonymy 1 My own presence will go God’s presence represents himself. Alternate translation: “I will go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 33 14 gh8q figs-metonymy 1 My own presence will go God’s presence represents himself. Alternate translation: “I will go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 33 14 hl15 figs-you 1 go with you…give you The word “you” here refers to Moses. It is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 33 14 hl15 figs-you 1 go with you…give you The word **you** here refers to Moses. It is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 33 14 hc5n 1 I will give you rest “I will let you rest” EXO 33 14 hc5n 1 I will give you rest “I will let you rest”
EXO 33 16 d36k 1 For otherwise “For if your presence does not go with us” EXO 33 16 d36k 1 For otherwise “For if your presence does not go with us”
EXO 33 16 tu8e figs-activepassive 1 how will it be known This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: how will people know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EXO 33 16 tu8e figs-activepassive 1 how will it be known This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: how will people know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 33 16 cgl8 figs-rquestion 1 how will it be known…people? Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them, no one will know that Moses had found favor in God’s sight. Alternate translation: “no one will know…people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EXO 33 16 cgl8 figs-rquestion 1 how will it be known…people? Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them, no one will know that Moses had found favor in God’s sight. Alternate translation: “no one will know…people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO 33 16 u82a 1 Will it not only be if “Will it not only be known if” EXO 33 16 u82a 1 Will it not only be if “Will it not only be known if”
EXO 33 17 aln2 figs-you 1 General Information: When Yahweh uses the word “you” in this verse, it is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 33 17 aln2 figs-you 1 General Information: When Yahweh uses the word **you** in this verse, it is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 33 17 ln7y figs-idiom 1 you have found favor in my eyes Here “found favor” is an idiom that means that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I am pleased with you” or “I approve of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 33 17 ln7y figs-idiom 1 you have found favor in my eyes Here “found favor” is an idiom that means that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I am pleased with you” or “I approve of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 33 17 u2nv figs-idiom 1 I know you by name To know someone by name is to know them well. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 33 17 u2nv figs-idiom 1 I know you by name To know someone by name is to know them well. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 33 19 sx1a figs-metonymy 1 I will make all my goodness pass before you God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate translation: “I will move past you so that you may see my goodness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 33 19 sx1a figs-metonymy 1 I will make all my goodness pass before you God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate translation: “I will move past you so that you may see my goodness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@ -1957,7 +1957,7 @@ EXO 34 9 hw66 figs-doublet 1 our iniquity and our sin The words “iniquity”
EXO 34 9 n6e5 figs-metaphor 1 take us as your inheritance Something that someone possesses forever is spoken of as if it were something that they had inherited. Alternate translation: “take us as the people that you possess forever” or “accept us as the people who belong to you forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 34 9 n6e5 figs-metaphor 1 take us as your inheritance Something that someone possesses forever is spoken of as if it were something that they had inherited. Alternate translation: “take us as the people that you possess forever” or “accept us as the people who belong to you forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 34 10 zdq6 figs-you 1 your people Here “your” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 34 10 zdq6 figs-you 1 your people Here “your” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 34 10 bj1a figs-idiom 1 it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you A fearful thing is a thing that causes people to be afraid. In this case, people will fear God when they see what he does. Alternate translation: “what I do for you will cause people to fear me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EXO 34 10 bj1a figs-idiom 1 it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you A fearful thing is a thing that causes people to be afraid. In this case, people will fear God when they see what he does. Alternate translation: “what I do for you will cause people to fear me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO 34 10 s7uz figs-you 1 I am doing with you Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EXO 34 10 s7uz figs-you 1 I am doing with you Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO 34 12 b459 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. Here he tells him what Moses and the people must do. EXO 34 12 b459 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. Here he tells him what Moses and the people must do.
EXO 34 12 lxz8 figs-metaphor 1 they will become a trap among you People who tempt others to sin are spoken of as if they were a trap. Alternate translation: “they will tempt you to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EXO 34 12 lxz8 figs-metaphor 1 they will become a trap among you People who tempt others to sin are spoken of as if they were a trap. Alternate translation: “they will tempt you to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 34 14 vmx2 figs-metonymy 1 Yahweh, whose name is Jealous The word “Jealous” here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, always guard my honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EXO 34 14 vmx2 figs-metonymy 1 Yahweh, whose name is Jealous The word “Jealous” here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, always guard my honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

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