front:intro nxz4 0 # Introduction to Leviticus\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Leviticus\n\n1. Instructions to the Israelites about offerings (1:1–6:7)\n * Burnt offerings (1:1–17)\n * Grain offerings (2:1–16)\n * Fellowship offerings (3:1–17)\n * Offerings for unintentional sins (4:1–5:13)\n * Guilt offerings (5:14–6:7)\n2. Instructions to the priests about offerings (6:8–7:10)\n * Burnt offerings (6:8–13)\n * Grain offerings (6:14–23)\n * Purification offerings (6:24–30)\n * Guilt offerings (7:1–10)\n3. Further instructions to the Israelites (7:11–7:38)\n * Peace offerings (7:11–21)\n * Eating fat and blood is forbidden (7:22–27)\n * The portion for the priests (7:28–7:38)\n4. Setting apart the priests (8:1–10:20)\n * Aaron and his sons ordained (8:1–36)\n * Aaron as high priest (9:1–24)\n * Nadab and Abihu punished (10:1–20)\n5. Laws about clean and unclean things (11:1–15:33)\n * Clean and unclean food (11:1–47)\n * Women are purified after giving birth (12:1–8)\n * Skin, clothing, houses (13:1–14:47)\n * Bodily fluids (15:1–33)\n6. Day of Atonement; the place of the offering; the nature of blood (16:1–17:16)\n7. Setting apart for worship and service; being disqualified from service (18:1–24:23)\n8. The years of rest and release (25:1–55)\n9. Blessing for obeying and curses for not obeying (26:1–46)\n10. Gifts to God (27:1–34)\n\n### What is the book of Leviticus about?\n\nIn the book of Leviticus, God continues to give laws through Moses to the people of Israel. The people were to obey all of these laws to honor their covenant with God.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\n“Leviticus” means “about the Levites.” The Levites were the tribe of Israel that provided priests and other workers in the tabernacle. If the people in the project language do not understand the term “Levites,” you can call it “The Book about the Priests” or “The Book about the Tabernacle Workers.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n### Who wrote the book of Leviticus?\n\n### What is the meaning of “holy” and “holiness” in the book of Leviticus?\n\nThese terms concern separating someone or something from the rest of the people, from the world, or from ordinary use. God separated these people or things so they would belong only to him. The people were to consider as separate the places for worshiping God or for honoring him in any way. The people could not use them for anything else. God required the Israelites to live in a certain way in order to live as a nation belonging to him alone.\n\nAnyone or anything that was acceptable to God or “holy” was spoken of as if it were physically clean. In the same way, anyone or anything that was not acceptable to God or not holy was spoken of as if it were physically unclean.\n\nSome people and some things could be made clean or “cleansed,” that is, made acceptable to God. People or things were made clean if the people performed the appropriate sacrifices and ceremonies. For example, some foreigners who wished to live among the Israelites and worship Yahweh could be made clean. However, other people and things could never be made acceptable to him.\n\nIt is important to know that not all unclean things or conditions were sinful. For example, after giving birth to a male child, a woman would be unclean for 33 days. Then the proper animal sacrifice would be offered for her. The monthly flow of blood made the woman unclean ([Leviticus 12:7](../../lev/12/07.md)). But Leviticus never suggests that someone with a flow of blood was sinning. In the same way, God did not allow the Israelites to eat certain kinds of animals; this was one way of setting his people apart.\n\nBecause God does not sin, the terms “holy” and “holiness” often suggest this same idea. Something belonging to God is holy. Because people must respect God, they must respect the things
1:intro ecv8 0 #Leviticus 1 General Notes\n\n##Structure and Formatting\nIn Hebrew, this chapter begins with the word “And,” indicating a connection with the previous book (Exodus). This connection not only implies that the first five books of the Bible should be seen as a single unit; it also situates Leviticus in the narrative setting of the book of Exodus, during the thirteenth month of the Israelite's wandering in the wilderness of Sinai. \n\nThe first chapter of Leviticus is comprised of two hypothetical scenarios representing three variations of the burnt offering:\nThe Burnt Offering (1:1–17)\n- 1) a livestock animal ([1:2–13](../01/02.md))\n - a) a bovine ([1:3–9](../01/03.md))\n - b) a sheep or goat ([1:10–13](../01/10.md))\n- 2) a bird ([1:14–17](../01/14.md))\n\nAs such, the initial heading verse of each section begins with "If" and is followed by the prescribed steps of the sacrifice. Presumably, they are the same for each burnt offering, but more prescriptions are explicit for the first type of burnt offering, the bovine, probably because they are implied for the other two possible burnt offerings. The steps of the sacrificial process for burnt offerings are:\n\n- 1) Selecting a perfect, unblemished, and otherwise completely healthy animal ([1:3, 10, 14](../01/03.md))\n- 2) Presenting the animal at the entrance to the tent of meeting ([1:3](../01/03.md))\n- 3) Laying hands on the head of the animal ([1:4](../01/04.md))\n- 4) Killing the animal ([1:5, 11, 15](../01/05.md))\n- 5) Presenting and sprinkling the animal's blood on the altar ([1:5, 11, 15](../01/05.md))\n- 6) Skinning the animal ([1:6](../01/06.md))\n- 7) Butchering the animal into its appropriate pieces, usually the head, fat, intestines, and legs ([1:6, 12, 16–17](../01/06.md))\n- 8) Putting fire on the altar and arranging the wood ([1:7](../01/07.md))\n- 9) Arranging the pieces, specifically the head and the fat, of the sacrifice over the burning wood of the altar ([1:8, 12](../01/08.md))\n- 10) Washing the legs and the intestines ([1:9, 13](../01/09.md))\n- 11) Burning the entire animal in a way that causes smoke to go up ([1:9, 13, 17](../01/09.md)\n\n##Special Concepts in this Chapter\nSeveral concepts are crucial for understanding the instructions in this chapter. They include: 1) technical sacrificial terminology, 2) atonement, 3) the importance of blood, and 4) the nature of symbolic action. \n\n###Technical sacrificial terminology\nThroughout the book of Leviticus, the author employs several terms that have a specialized technical meaning in the context of sacrifices or that are only used in this context. In this chapter, such terms are 1) the "burnt offering" and 2) the "gift."\n\n- 1) The “burnt offering”\nThe burnt offering was a particular sacrifice that could be offered by anyone for a variety of reasons. Its name is related to a verb that means "to go up" or ”to ascend,” suggesting that the sacrifice was to be converted into smoke by the fire and ascend to Yahweh in heaven, as the discussion on the verb phrase "to cause to become smoke" will suggest. Its function was to provide a sacrifice intended to bring about forgiveness for a wide variety of sins and unintentional mistakes that were not specifically covered by the other sacrifices discussed in the first seven chapters of Leviticus. The sacrifice required a perfect, male animal that would be completely burned on the altar over a fire that was to be kept burning continually (see [6:9–13](../06/09.md) for more details ). The sacrifice, when accepted by Yahweh, would provide "atonement" for the individual who offered it. \n\n- 2) The “gift” or “offering made by fire”\nThe word translated "gift" in [1:9, 13, and 17](../01/09.md) is variously translated in modern English versions, usually with reference to ”an offering made by fire,” based on the word's presumed relationship with the word for ”fire.” However, some of the sacrifices referred to by this word are not burned on the altar (like the portions of the sacrifices that belo
1:1 y78a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֵאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד 1 The author of Leviticus is using the possessive to describe Yahweh's **meeting** with Moses (and, by extension, the whole people) within the physical location of the **tent.** If this is not clear in your language, you could use an adjective that better describes the locale of divine presence. Alternative translation: “from the tent where Yahweh met with Moses and lived among the Israelites”
1:1 zbz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
1:1-2 rivr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵאמֹֽר & דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He told Moses to speak to the sons of Israel and to say to them”
1:2 l7kq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The repetition emphasizes that Moses is to deliver the following speech to the people of Israel. (The speech makes up the rest of the book except for the last verse.) If your language does not use repetition for emphasis, you could use a single phrase and convey the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Make sure you say to the people of Israel”
1:2 o3rs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 This expression speaks of the people of Israel in the time of Moses as if they were literally the **sons** of Israel. It means that they are the physical and spiritual descendants of Jacob, whose name God changed to Israel. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Israel”
1:2 jqkz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 Although the word translated **sons** is masculine and plural, it has a generic sense that applies to both men and women. In your translation, you may wish to use a term that is clearly inclusive of men and women. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
1:2 fjhs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, here and throughout the book, the author of Leviticus uses a future form to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these verbs using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “and say”
1:2 aps3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אָדָ֗ם & מִכֶּ֛ם 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, the book often speaks of the Israelites and to the Israelites in the third person, even though it is a direct address to them. Here and throughout the book, if it would be clearer in your language, you could use the second person in your translation. Alternate translation: “One of you Israelites”\n
1:2 yiq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אָדָ֗ם 1 Although the word translated **A man** is masculine, it has a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. Alternate translation: “A person” or “Someone”
1:2 gmsf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular מִכֶּ֛ם 1 The word **you** here is plural. The word applies to the entire Israelite community. Use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
1:2 dlfh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry אָדָ֗ם כִּֽי־יַקְרִ֥יב מִכֶּ֛ם קָרְבָּ֖ן לַֽיהוָ֑ה 1 The word **presents** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **offering**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
1:2 kqu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה & הַבָּקָר֙ & הַצֹּ֔אן 1 The expressions **the livestock**, **the cattle**, and **the flock** do not refer to specific groups of animals. They describe any groups of animals that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his livestock … his cattle … his flock”
1:2 uwp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה 1 The word translated **livestock** refers generally to land animals as opposed to birds or fish. In the context of Leviticus, it refers specifically to domesticated bovines, sheep, goats, and all other animals used for commercial and agrarian purposes, including work and food. If your readers would not be familiar with these animals, you could use a general expression in your translation. Alternate translation: “from the animals he is raising”
1:2 fp0a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִן־הַבָּקָר֙ 1 The word translated **cattle** refers to a subgroup of the word translated **livestock**. It describes a group of bovines—whether cows, bulls, or oxen. If your readers would not be familiar with these animals, you could use a general expression in your translation. Alternate translation: “either from his bovines”
1:2 zd59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּמִן־הַצֹּ֔אן 1 The word translated **flock** refers to a subgroup of the word translated **livestock**. It describes a group of sheep or goats. If your readers would not be familiar with these animals, you could use a general expression in your translation. Alternate translation: “or from his sheep or goats”
1:3 bgfy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry קָרְבָּנוֹ֙ & יַקְרִיבֶ֑נּוּ & יַקְרִ֣יב 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The ULT translates with the noun **offering** and the verb **present**. Your language may have comparable terms that you can use in your own translation.
1:3 tdgu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit זָכָ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, the phrase **a perfect male** here refers to a male bovine that is an exemplary representative of its species. Alternate translation: “an unblemished male” or "a male without blemish"
1:3 ds3f rc://*/ta/man/grammar-connect-logic-result זָכָ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים יַקְרִיבֶ֑נּוּ אֶל־פֶּ֝תַח אֹ֤הֶל מוֹעֵד֙ יַקְרִ֣יב אֹת֔וֹ לִרְצֹנ֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 The word translated **for** indicates the result of offering a sacrifice in the manner prescribed here. If it would be more natural in your language, you could put the last of these phrases first, since the last phrase gives the reason for the actions that the first two phrases describe. Alternate translation: “In order for Yahweh to consider the offering acceptable, he shall present a perfect male at the entrance of the tent of meeting”\n
1:3 l23i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִרְצֹנ֖וֹ 1 The word translated **its** could refer to: (1) the offering. Alternate translation: “for the acceptance of the sacrifice” or (2) the worshiper. Alternate translation: “for the acceptance of the one offering the sacrifice”
1:3 wwof rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, in contexts such as this, the expression **to the face of Yahweh** means “where Yahweh can see” and, by extension, “from Yahweh’s perspective” or “in Yahweh’s judgment.” Alternate translation: “from Yahweh’s perspective” or “in Yahweh's judgment” or “before Yahweh”
1:4 n7j5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַ֣ךְ יָד֔וֹ עַ֖ל רֹ֣אשׁ הָעֹלָ֑ה 1 This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. The implication seems to be that the person is ritually placing his sins on the sacrificial animal so that God will forgive the sins when the animal is sacrificed.
1:4 el3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִרְצָ֥ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh will accept it”
1:4 mygh rc://*/ta/man/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָֽיו 1 The words **in order to** introduce the purpose of laying hands on the sacrificial animal. Use an expression in your language that makes it clear that what follows is the purpose.
1:4 rvk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָֽיו 1 The word translated **atonement** may have originally indicated either the “covering” or the “wiping away” of sin. Either way, by the time of Leviticus it indicated that the sacrifice would be accepted in order to restore the relationship between the worshiper and Yahweh that had been damaged or defiled by sin. Consider using a word or phrase that coveys this idea effectively in your language. Alternative translation: “to restore him to relationship with Yahweh”
1:5 bs53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶת־בֶּ֥ן הַבָּקָ֖ר 1 The expression **son of** describes a person or animal that shares the essential qualities of something. Here the phrase describes this animal as **the son of the cattle** because it is a male animal that shares the distinguishing qualities characteristic of the class of bovines. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use an equivalent idiom from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the bull” or “the bovine”
1:5 fgym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” or “within the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting, where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
1:5 sudx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֤ן 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, at the time when Yahweh spoke to Moses from the tent of meeting, the priests literally were **the sons of Aaron**. But the instructions in the book also applied to future generations, when the term “sons” would be a way of referring to the priests as Aaron's “descendants” (with the exception of Leviticus chs. 8–10). Here and throughout the book, if it would be clearer in your language, in your translation you could generally use that term, which would apply to both the original priests and to their successors.
1:5 qcc2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֠הִקְרִיבוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֤ן הַֽכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ אֶת־ הַדָּ֔ם 1 It is implied that **the priests** would catch **the blood** in a bowl as it drained out of the animal. Then they would bring the bowl with the blood in it and present it to Yahweh at the altar. If this would not be clear in your language, you could supply this information here and in later instances in the book. Alternative translation: “And after catching the blood in a bowl as it drains from the animal, the sons of Aaron, the priests, will present the blood to Yahweh”
1:5 d5hh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְזָרְק֨וּ אֶת־הַדָּ֤ם עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ סָבִ֔יב אֲשֶׁר־פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד 1 Splashing **the blood** on the sides of **the altar** is a symbolic action. The blood of the animal, being its life (see [Leviticus 17:11](../17/11.md)), was given by God to purify ritually and to remove sin. Here, the blood is splashed against the side of the altar to keep it free from sin. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote here and in subsequent instances in the book. Alternate translation: “and they shall splash the blood all around on the holy altar that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting in order to keep the altar clean from sin”
1:6 u7di rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְהִפְשִׁ֖יט 1 The pronoun **he** refers to the person making the offering. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make the subject explicit. You could also keep using a second-person pronoun if you have been doing that. Alternate translation: “And the one offering the sacrifice shall skin” or, using the second-person, “And you shall skin”
1:6 cshr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנִתַּ֥ח אֹתָ֖הּ לִנְתָחֶֽיהָ 1 The author of Leviticus assumes his audience will know what portions of the animal constituted **its pieces**. These would have included, but perhaps not have been limited to, the legs and entrails, as [1:9](../01/09.md) suggests. If the phrase **its pieces** would not be clear in your context, consider listing what pieces these are. Alternate translation: “and he shalll cut it into its appropriate portions, removing the legs and entrails”
1:7 tm1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ֠נָתְנוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֧ן הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֵ֖שׁ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 The expression to **give fire on the altar** means “to light a fire on top of the altar.” It may mean that the priests were to place hot coals on the altar and perhaps kindling, on top of which they would place the wood. If the phrase **give fire** does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an expression in your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the sons of Aaron the priest shall light a fire on the altar”
1:8 egek rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־הַפָּ֑דֶר 1 The term **fat** refers to suet, that is, the hard, lumpy fat that surrounds the kidneys and liver of sheep, goats, and bovines. If your language has a word for this portion of fatty tissue, consider using it here.\n\n
1:9 y5xf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וְקִרְבּ֥וֹ וּכְרָעָ֖יו יִרְחַ֣ץ בַּמָּ֑יִם 1 It might seem that the expression **and he shall wash its innards and its legs with water** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And he shall wash its innards and its legs”\n
1:9 b3s6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns יִרְחַ֣ץ\n 1 The pronoun **he** could refer either to the worshiper or to the priest. But given that every other reference to the priest has been explicit, it is likely that it refers to the worshiper. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit or continue using the same second-person pronoun used thus far. Alternate translation: “the one offering the sacrifice shall wash” or, in the second-person, “you shall wash”\n
1:9 f91i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns יִרְחַ֣ץ 1 The implication seems to be that the worshiper must **wash** the **innards** and **legs** before the priest arranges them on the wood, as verse 8 describes. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “before the priest arranges the pieces, the one offering the sacrifice shall wash” or, in the second-person, “before the priest arranges the pieces, you shall wash”
1:9 tnez rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֨יר הַכֹּהֵ֤ן אֶת־הַכֹּל֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 The act of burning the offering in such a way that it rises as smoke is a symbolic act. It depicts the sacrifice as going up to God in heaven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall cause everything on the altar to become smoke and ascend toward God in heaven”
1:10 e4nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הַצֹּ֨אן & מִן־הַכְּשָׂבִ֛ים א֥וֹ מִן־הָעִזִּ֖ים 1 The expressions, **the flock**, **the lambs**, and **the goats**, do not refer to specific groups of animals. They describe any groups of animals that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “from his flock, whether from his sheep or from his goats”
1:10 xwnf rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns זָכָ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים 1 See how you translated the expression **a perfect male** in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “an unblemished male” or “a male without blemish”
1:11 k2uc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the expression **to the face of Yahweh** in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” or “within the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
1:12 q6a3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְנִתַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ 1 The pronoun **he** refers to the person offering the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “And the one offering the sacrifice shall cut it” or, in the second-person, “And you shall cut it”
1:13 bky3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo יִרְחַ֣ץ בַּמָּ֑יִם 1 See how you translated the expression **wash with water** in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “he shall wash thoroughly”
1:13 cztr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַקֶּ֥רֶב וְהַכְּרָעַ֖יִם יִרְחַ֣ץ בַּמָּ֑יִם 1 The implication seems to be that the worshiper must **wash** the **innards** and **legs** before the priest arranges them on the altar, as [1:12](../01/12.md) describes. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Before the priest arranges the pieces, the one offering the sacrifice shall wash the innards and legs with water” or “Before the priest arranges the pieces, you shall wash the innards and legs with water”
1:13 mf7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֣יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 The act of burning the offering in such a way that it rises as smoke is a symbolic act. It depicts the sacrifice as going up to God in heaven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “and he shall cause everything to become smoke on the altar and ascend toward God in heaven”
1:13 hpef rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְהִקְטִ֣יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 The pronoun **he** refers to the **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “and that same priest shall cause everything to become smoke on the altar ”
1:14 kfag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הָע֛וֹף & מִן־הַתֹּרִ֗ים א֛וֹ מִן־בְּנֵ֥י הַיּוֹנָ֖ה 1 The expressions **from the birds**, **from the turtledoves**, and **from the sons of the pigeon** do not refer to specific birds, that is, to a specific group of turtledoves or pigeons. Rather, these expressions describe any birds (that is, any turtledoves or pigeons) that an Israelite might own or be able to purchase for sacrifice. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “from his birds … from his turtledoves or from his pigeons”
1:14 c42w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִן־בְּנֵ֥י הַיּוֹנָ֖ה 1 The expression **sons of** describes a person or animal that shares the essential qualities of something. The author of Leviticus uses this phrase to describe a group of birds as **the sons of the pigeon** since they were birds that shared the essential qualities of that class of bird. If it would be helpful, you could use an equivalent idiom from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the pigeons”
1:15 sggt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֖יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 The act of burning the offering in a way that causes smoke to rise is a symbolic act. It depicts the sacrifice as going to God in heaven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “and he shall cause everything to become smoke on the altar and ascend toward God in heaven”
1:15 kk8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וּמָלַק֙ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ 1 The pronoun **he** is ambiguous and could refer to either the worshiper or to **the priest**. However, because it is explicitly **the priest** who brings the sacrificial bird to the altar before it is sacrificed and prepared for burning, it is likely that throughout this verse and the next one, the pronoun **he** refers to the **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “and that same priest should twist off its head”
1:15 v06b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְהִקְטִ֖יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 As the previous note explains, the pronoun **he** refers to the priest. If this is unclear in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “and that same priest shall cause everything to become smoke on the altar”
1:15 etrw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהִקְטִ֖יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 The object that is to be burned on the altar is not specified. However, because the blood has not yet been removed from the sacrificial bird and the burning of blood is expressly forbidden in Leviticus, it seems likely that the supplied pronoun **it** here refers to **the head** of the bird. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and he should cause the head that he removed to become smoke on the altar”
1:15 sur7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִמְצָ֣ה דָמ֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then the priest should drain its blood”
1:16 x2cz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְהֵסִ֥יר 1 The pronoun **he** refers to **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall remove”
1:16 zqs8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־ מֻרְאָת֖וֹ 1 A **craw** is a pouch in a bird’s throat where pre-digested food is stored. If your language has its own term for this anatomical feature, consider using that word here. If not, you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “the bird’s throat pouch”
1:16 x63v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְהִשְׁלִ֨יךְ אֹתָ֜הּ 1 The pronoun **it** refers to the **craw**, but since the worshiper is supposed to **throw it beside the altar** along with the **feathers**, it may be more natural in your language to use the plural pronoun “them,” as modeled by the UST.
1:16 of8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְהִשְׁלִ֨יךְ אֹתָ֜הּ 1 The pronoun **he** is ambiguous, but appears to continue the action taken by **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “and the priest shall throw it”
1:16 zb2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מְק֖וֹם הַדָּֽשֶׁן 1 The **place of the fatty ashes** is the specified spot where the priest would dump the ashes that had accumulated from previous sacrifices, along with the rendered fat from the altar. If your language has a technical term for such a place, consider using it here. If not, you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “the spot where the ashes and the burnt fat are dumped” or “the location where the ashes and the burnt fat are dumped”
1:17 zxzv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וְשִׁסַּ֨ע אֹת֣וֹ 1 Given the action taken by the priest in 1:15 and 16, the pronoun **he** likely refers to **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall tear it open”
1:17 ua00 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns לֹ֣א יַבְדִּיל֒ 1 The pronoun **he** is ambiguous but likely refers to **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “the priest shall not divide it”
1:17 bxu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֨יר אֹת֤וֹ הַכֹּהֵן֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה עַל־הָעֵצִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הָאֵ֑שׁ 1 The act of burning the offering in a way that causes smoke to rise is a symbolic act. It depicts the sacrifice as going up to God in heaven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall cause everything to become smoke on the altar, on the wood that is on the fire, and ascend towards God in heaven”
1:17 y4aw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהוָֽה 1 The author of Leviticus describes Yahweh accepting the sacrifice, using the image of Yahweh enjoying the pleasant-smelling smoke that rises from the burnt offering. If it would be helpful in your language, consider expressing the same idea in another way. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
2:intro t6wy 0 # Leviticus 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter gives instructions about how to make a grain offering. The **and** of 2:1 indicates that the instructions of Lev 1 are continuing. Yahweh continues telling Moses how the people should offer sacrifices. In outline form, the structure of the chapter can be displayed as follows: \n\n- 1) The Grain Offering (2:1–16)\n - I. Offerings of Raw Flour (2:1–3)\n - II. Offerings that are Baked, Pan-Fried, or Deep-Fried (2:4–10)\n - i. Baked (2:4)\n - ii. Pan-Fried on the Griddle (2:5–6)\n - iii. Deep-Fried in a Pan (2:7)\n - iv. Instruction for Offering (2:8–10)\n - III. Instructions regarding Leaven, Honey, and Salt (2:11–13)\n - i. Prohibition against burning leaven or honey (2:11–12)\n - ii. Prescription for including salt (2:13)\n - IV. Offerings of Grains (2:14–16)\n\n##Translation Issues in this Chapter\n### The number and person of pronouns\nIn the address to the Israelites, the author of Leviticus is known for abuptly switching the person, number, and occassionaly gender, of pronouns and verbal forms that refer to the person offering sacrifices. In chapter 1, it was suggested that any third-person singular pronouns that refer to the worshiper (and not to the priest) could be changed to second-person plural pronouns, based on the nature of the direct address and the presence of a second-person plural pronoun in [1:2](../01/02.md) and several times in the current chapter.\n\nThe pronouns referring to the worshiper switch person, gender, and number frequently. Verses 1–3 address the worshiper with a third-person singular pronoun. This swiches to the second-person, singular pronoun in 2:4–8. The worshiper is addressed in the third-person in verse 8, but verse 11 marks a shift to the second-person, this time in the plural. The plural pronouns continue throughout verses 11 and 12, but the author of Leviticus swtiches back to the second-person singular from verse 13 to the end of the chapter.\n\n1. Third-Person (2:1–3)\n- "...when a person [third-person, feminine singular] presents..." (2:1)\n- "...his [third-person, masculine singular] offering..." (2:1)\n- "...and he [third-person, masculine singular] shall pour ..." (2:1)\n- "...and he [third-person, masculine singular] shall put..." (2:1)\n- "...and he [third-person, masculine singular] shall bring..." (2:2)\n\n\n2. Second-Person (2:4–8)\n- "And if you [second-person, masculine singular] present..." (2:4)\n- "And if your [second-person, masculine singular] offering..." (2:5)\n- "Piece [second-person, singular imperative] it..." (2:6)\n- "...and you [second-person, masculine singular] shall pour..." (2:6)\n- "And if your [second-person, masculine singular] offering..." (2:7)\n- "And you [second-person, masculine singular] shall bring..." (2:8)\n\n\n3. Third-Person (2:8–10)\n- "And he [third-person, masculine singular] shall present..." (2:8)\n\n\n4. Second-Person (2:11–15)\n- "Any grain offering that you [second-person, masculine plural] present..." (2:11)\n- "...you [second-person, masculine plural] shall not cause to become smoke..." (2:11)\n- "You [second-person, masculine plural] shall present..." (2:12)\n- "...your [second-person, masculine singular] grain offerings..." (2:13)\n- "...you [second-person, masculine singular] shall salt..." (2:13)\n- "...you [second-person, masculine singular] shall not omit..." (2:13)\n- "...the covenant of your [second-person, masculine singular] God..." (2:13)\n- "...your [second-person, masculine singular] offerings..." (2:13)\n- "...you [second-person, masculine singular] shall present..." (2:13)\n- "And if you [second-person, masculine singular] present..." (2:14)\n- "...you [second-person, masculine singular] shall present..." (2:14)\n- "...your [second-person, masculine singular] first ripe grains..." (2:14)\n- "And you [second-person, masculine singular] shall put..." (2:15)\n- "...and you [second-person, masculine singular] shall place..." (2:15
2:1 dk2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְנֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תַקְרִ֞יב קָרְבַּ֤ן מִנְחָה֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה & קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The word **presents** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **offering**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
2:1 c9yl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְנֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תַקְרִ֞יב קָרְבַּ֤ן מִנְחָה֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה & קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, the book often speaks of the Israelites and to the Israelites in the third person, even though it is a direct address. Here and throughout the book, if it would be clearer in your language, you could use the second person in your translation. Alternate translation: “And when you bring a grain offering to Yahweh, your offering”
2:1 oa9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תַקְרִ֞יב 1 The word translated as **a person** is feminine, but it has a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. Alternate translation: “And when one of you presents” or “And when someone presents”
2:1 djff rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown קָרְבַּ֤ן מִנְחָה֙ 1 The term translated **a grain offering** refers to a sacrifice that consists of grain products, usually dried wheat or barley. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of agricultural product, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “an offering of dried wheat or barley produce”
2:1 te9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative סֹ֖לֶת יִהְיֶ֣ה קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ וְיָצַ֤ק עָלֶ֨יהָ֙ שֶׁ֔מֶן וְנָתַ֥ן עָלֶ֖יהָ לְבֹנָֽה׃ 1 As the General Introduction discusses, Leviticus often uses future statements to give instructions or commands. If it would be helpful in your language, here and throughout the book you could translate these future statements using command or instruction forms. Alternate translation: “his offering should be flour. And he should pour oil on it, and he should put incense on it” or, using the second person, “your offering should be flour. And you should pour oil on it, and you should put incense on it”
2:1 tf2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown סֹ֖לֶת 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the term translated **flour** refers to the food product made from grinding roasted and dried grains of wheat. Here, **flour** could mean: (1) the finely ground grain that falls through a sieve when sifted. Alternate translation: “fine wheat flour” or (2) the large lumps of crushed grain that remain on top of a sieve when sifted. Alternate translation: “wheat semolina”
2:1 hdh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שֶׁ֔מֶן 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, **oil** here refers to the agricultural product made from pressing ripe olives. If your language has a specific word for this term, consider using it here.
2:1 x1p5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְבֹנָֽה 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the word **incense** refers to an expensive, fragrant gum resin tapped from specific trees. It would be routinely burned in ritual settings, such as grain offerings, for its fragrance. If your language has a word for this kind of religious item, consider using it here. Alternate translation: “a lump of frankincense”
2:2 b2x5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns וֶֽהֱבִיאָ֗הּ 1 The pronoun **it** refers to the grain offering, that is, the mixture of oil and wheat flour with the lump of incense, that [2:1](../02/01.md) describes. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “And he shall bring the mixture of flour, oil, and incense” or, in the second person, “And you should bring the mixture of flour, oil, and incense”
2:2 fxgx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹן֮ 1 See how you translated the same expression in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Aaron”
2:2 z8gn rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְקָמַ֨ץ מִשָּׁ֜ם מְלֹ֣א קֻמְצ֗וֹ 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The word **grab** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **handful**. The use of related words adds clarity to the statement. If your language can use related words for clarity and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here.
2:2 ufqr rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְקָמַ֨ץ 1 The pronoun **he** is ambiguous in the context and could refer either to **the priest** or the worshiper. However, based on the description in [2:9](../02/09.md), it is likely that **he** refers to **the priest**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the priest should grab”
2:2 zyrv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מִסָּלְתָּהּ֙ וּמִשַּׁמְנָ֔הּ עַ֖ל כָּל־לְבֹנָתָ֑הּ 1 The pronoun translated **its** refers to the grain offering that [2:1](../02/01.md) describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could make the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “some of the flour and oil of the grain offering and all of the incense on it”
2:2 jwx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֨יר הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אֶת־אַזְכָּרָתָהּ֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 The act of burning the offering in a way that causes smoke to rise is a symbolic act. It depicts the sacrifice as going up to God in heaven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall cause the memorial portion to become smoke on the altar and ascend toward God in heaven”
2:2 gdy0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns אֶת־ אַזְכָּרָתָהּ֙ 1 The pronoun translated **its** refers to the grain offering that [2:1](../02/01.md) describes. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “the memorial portion of the grain offering”
2:3 uf6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים 1 Here, the phrase **a holy thing of holy things** uses the possessive form to describe an offering that should be considered even more holy than those offerings that are also called **holy**; it is set apart for the special use of the priests. If this form would not express the idea of unique holiness in your language, consider a more generic way to express this idea. Alternate translation: “a most holy offering” or “an exceptionally holy offering”
2:3 dtv0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֵאִשֵּׁ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ס 1 In this possessive form, **Yahweh** is the object rather than the subject of **gifts**. That is, this does not mean gifts that Yahweh gives, it means gifts that are given to Yahweh. Alternative translation: “from the gifts that you present to Yahweh”
2:4 ggpx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְכִ֥י תַקְרִ֛ב קָרְבַּ֥ן מִנְחָ֖ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:2](../01/02.md) and [2:1](../02/01.md).
2:4 q954 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תַקְרִ֛ב 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, to this point the author of Leviticus has been using third-person singular pronouns. In this verse, the author of Leviticus starts using second-person singular pronouns. If you have been using the third-person pronouns and the switch to the second-person pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could continue to use the third-person pronouns in your translation.
2:4 q6ll rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מַאֲפֵ֣ה תַנּ֑וּר 1 The term **baked item** may seem like a passive verbal form that your language would not use. If so, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an item that you baked in the oven”
2:4 i7vg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מַאֲפֵ֣ה תַנּ֑וּר 1 In the world of ancient Israel, an **oven** was a cylindrical object made of clay or clay. A wood fire was lit under or at the bottom portion of the oven, and the resulting heat would bake the dough inside. If your readers would not be familiar with what an oven is, you could use the name of a comparable object in your culture or you could use a general expression.
2:4 t9ee rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive סֹ֣לֶת חַלּ֤וֹת מַצֹּת֙ בְּלוּלֹ֣ת בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן וּרְקִיקֵ֥י מַצּ֖וֹת מְשֻׁחִ֥ים בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃ס\n 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you should mix flour of unleavened loaves with oil or you should anoint unleavened wafers with oil”
2:4 jr21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession סֹ֣לֶת חַלּ֤וֹת מַצֹּת֙ בְּלוּלֹ֣ת בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן 1 This possessive form describes **flour** that has been kneaded and formed into **loaves** that, once baked, would consist of **unleavened bread**. If your language would not use a possessive form in this way, you could express the same meaning in another way. Alternative translation: “flour that you have mixed with oil and shaped into unleavened loaves”
2:4 nj1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּרְקִיקֵ֥י מַצּ֖וֹת 1 This **wafer** was a thin, cracker-like cake made from wheat flour. If your language has a word for a breaded loaf of this kind, consider using it here.
2:5 ha7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְאִם־ מִנְחָ֥ה עַל־ הַֽמַּחֲבַ֖ת קָרְבָּנֶ֑ךָ 1 The phrase **a grain offering on the griddle** leaves out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “And if your offering is a grain offering that you have prepared on a griddle”
2:5 qg9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַֽמַּחֲבַ֖ת 1 This **griddle** was a thick but shallow plate made of either clay or metal that was placed over a fire. The dough was placed on the shallow plate; the heat from the fire would cook or lightly fry or toast the dough on top of the plate. If your readers would not be familiar with what a griddle is, in your translation, you could use the name of a comparable object in your culture, or you could use a general expression.
2:5 pk7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive סֹ֛לֶת בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן מַצָּ֥ה תִהְיֶֽה׃ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you should mix flour with oil and then shape it into unleavened loaves”
2:6 jmbo rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry פָּת֤וֹת אֹתָהּ֙ פִּתִּ֔ים 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The word **piece** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **pieces**. The use of related words adds clarity to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here.
2:6 bq8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns פָּת֤וֹת אֹתָהּ֙ פִּתִּ֔ים 1 Here, the pronoun **it** refers to the grain offering, whether baked in an oven (see [2:4](../02/04.md)) or cooked on a griddle (see [2:5](../02/05.md)). It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Place either kind of grain offering into pieces”
2:7 b7fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְאִם־ מִנְחַ֥ת מַרְחֶ֖שֶׁת קָרְבָּנֶ֑ךָ 1 The phrase **a grain offering of a pan** leaves out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “a grain offering that you have prepared in a pan”
2:7 l1pm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מַרְחֶ֖שֶׁת 1 The word **pan** refers to a plate of metal or clay with rounded edges, possibly with a lid. This plate was deeper than the **griddle** described in [2:5](../02/05.md), and, as a result, the dough was placed into the pan and cooked over a hot fire in the oil, resulting in something like deep-frying. If your readers would not be familiar with what a pan is, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable object in your culture, or you could use a general expression.
2:7 s232 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive סֹ֥לֶת בַּשֶּׁ֖מֶן תֵּעָשֶֽׂה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you should prepare flour with oil”
2:8 m5r9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהֵבֵאתָ֣ אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵעָשֶׂ֛ה מֵאֵ֖לֶּה לַיהוָ֑ה 1 The expression **to Yahweh** refers to bringing the sacrifice to the altar that was located at the entrance of the tent of meeting. Because of the altar's proximity to the inner tent of the tent of meeting where Yahweh lived among the Israelites, bringing the offering to the altar was tantamount to bringing it directly to Yahweh himself. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And you shall bring the grain offering that is made from these things to the altar that is located at the entrance to the tent of meeting, where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
2:8 vy42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵעָשֶׂ֛ה מֵאֵ֖לֶּה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you made from these”
2:8 bcuy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns מֵאֵ֖לֶּה 1 The phrase **from these** could mean: (1) the ingredients described in [2:4-7](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “from these ingredients” or (2) the methods described in [2:4-7](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “in these ways”
2:8 j9l1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person וְהִקְרִיבָהּ֙ 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, at this point Leviticus switches from using second-person singular pronouns to using a third-person singular pronoun. If you have been using the second person in your translation and the switch to the third person would not be natural in your language, you could continue to use the second person here. Alternate translation: “And you shall present it”
2:9 ofof rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֖יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md) and [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “and he should burn the memorial portion on the altar and cause it to become smoke and ascend toward God in heaven”
2:10 d8iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים 1 See how you translated this expression in [2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “a most holy offering” or “an exceptionally holy offering”
2:10 c6hv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֵאִשֵּׁ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [2:3](../02/03.md). Alternative translation: “from the gifts that you present to Yahweh”
2:11 r3y3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּל־ הַמִּנְחָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר תַּקְרִ֨יבוּ֙ לַיהוָ֔ה לֹ֥א תֵעָשֶׂ֖ה חָמֵ֑ץ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not present to Yahweh any grain offering that you have made with leaven”
2:11 ldsh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown חָמֵ֑ץ & שְׂאֹר֙ 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the word **leaven** refers to dough made from flour and other ingredients, usually salt and oil, that contains a live **leaven culture** as its raising agent in the form of wild, natural yeast. If your readers would not be familiar with leaven and leaven culture, in your translation you could use the names of comparable substances in your culture, or you could use general expressions. Alternate translation: “with yeast … yeast” or “with a raising agent … a raising agent”
2:11 gjrt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֤י 1 The word translated **For** indicates that what follows is the reason or grounds for what came before. If it would be helpful to your readers, consider using a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is because”
2:11 n7g4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תַּקְרִ֨יבוּ֙ & לֹֽא־תַקְטִ֧ירוּ 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, at this point Leviticus starts using second-person plural forms. Yahweh is speaking about everyone who will offer grain offerings at the altar located at the entrance to the tent of meeting. If you have been using second-person singular forms in your translation and the switch to the plural form would not be natural in your language, you could continue to use singular forms here.
2:11 dwkz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns מִמֶּ֛נּוּ אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַֽיהוָֽה 1 Here, **it** refers to a **grain offering** that is designated to be burned on the offering as a sacrifice to Yahweh and, thus, will be considered a **gift** to Yahweh. If this is not clear in your language, consider making the referent of the pronoun explicit. Alternate translation: “from any grain offering that you present as a gift to Yahweh”
2:12 mmz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry קָרְבַּ֥ן רֵאשִׁ֛ית תַּקְרִ֥יבוּ אֹתָ֖ם לַיהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:2](../01/02.md), possibly using a verb and a noun that come from the same root in your language.
2:12 b9d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns תַּקְרִ֥יבוּ אֹתָ֖ם 1 The pronoun **them** refers to grain offerings that are prepared with leaven or honey, as described in [2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “You may offer grain offerings made with leaven or honey”
2:12 ko94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown קָרְבַּ֥ן רֵאשִׁ֛ית 1 The expression **offering of first things** refers to a grain offering that consists of the best produce of the first harvest of a particular crop. If your language and culture have a word for this concept, consider using it here, or consider using a general term.
2:12 s2hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְאֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֥חַ לֹא־יַעֲל֖וּ לְרֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹֽחַ׃ 1 When Leviticus says of grain offerings that contain leaven or honey, **on the altar they will not go up**, it means that the Israelites should not give them to the priests to burn on the altar in a way that causes smoke from *the altar** to go up to Yahweh in heaven. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the priests should not burn them on the altar in a way that causes them to become smoke and go up to Yahweh as a pleasant smell”
2:13 ekv0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication בַּמֶּ֣לַח תִּמְלָח֒ 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **you shall salt** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **salt**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
2:13 gjig rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תִּמְלָח֒ 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, Leviticus uses second-person singular forms in this verse and for the rest of the chapter. If you have been using second-person plural forms in your translation and switching to singular forms would not be natural in your language, you could continue to use plural forms in your translation.
2:13 hl5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֶ֚לַח בְּרִ֣ית אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ 1 When Leviticus speaks of **the salt of the covenant of your God**, given the parallel expression **covenant of salt** in [Numbers 18:19](../num/18/19.md), the implication seems to be that the use of **salt** on grain offerings should remind the Israelites of God’s **covenant**, likely because of salt’s association with preservation and, by extension, permanence. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the salt that preserves food and so should remind you of the binding and permanent nature of God’s covenant with you”
2:14 lg2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִנְחַ֥ת בִּכּוּרִ֖ים & אֵ֖ת מִנְחַ֥ת בִּכּוּרֶֽיךָ׃ 1 A **grain offering of first ripe grains** was a sacrificial offering that consisted of the first harvest of ripened grains, whether wheat or barley. If your language and culture have a term for this portion of the harvest, consider using it here. If not, you could use a general expression. The UST models one way to do that.
2:14 hq1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אָבִ֞יב קָל֤וּי בָּאֵשׁ֙ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a tender ear that you have roasted over a fire”
2:14 b2l4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אָבִ֞יב 1 Here, **a tender ear** refers to an intermediate stage, between fruitless stalks and fully ripened ears, in the growth of wheat or barley grain. If your culture and language have a word for this stage of grain ripening, consider using it here.
2:14 xgvx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown גֶּ֣רֶשׂ 1 Here, **crushed grain** refers to harvest grain, whether wheat or barley, that has been roughly crushed into large lumps. Alternate translation: “groats”
2:14 tzyl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כַּרְמֶ֔ל 1 Here, **a ripe ear** refers to the freshly ripened ear of wheat or barley grain. If your culture and language has a word for this stage of grain ripening, consider using it here.
2:16 ok9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֨יר הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אֶת־אַזְכָּרָתָ֗הּ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:2](../01/02.md) and [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “And the priest shall cause the memorial portion to become smoke on the altar and ascend towards God in heaven”
3:intro ur1s 0 #Leviticus 3 General Notes\n\n##Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter gives instructions about how to offer a **peace offering**. In a similar fashion to Leviticus 1, here Yahweh provides options for sacrifices of peace offerings consisting of a bovine, whether male or female (3:1–5), or a flock animal, whether a lamb (3:6–11) or a goat (3:12–16). The chapter ends with an “enduring statute,” applicable to any Israelite, regardless of age or location. This statute entails the proscription of consuming any fat or blood (3:17). In outline form, the structure of chapter 3 is as follows: \n\n\n- 1) The Peace Offering (3:1–17)\n - I. Offering a bovine (3:1–5)\n - II. Offering a flock animal (3:6–16)\n - i. a sheep (3:6–11)\n - ii. a goat (3:12–16)\n - The proscription against eating blood or fat (3:17)\n\n##Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n###The peace offering \nThe **peace offering**, sometimes called the "restitution offering" or the "fellowship offering," CONTINUE!!\n\n- can everyone eat the peace offering?\n- what is the relationship of the peace offering to the wave offering? (cf. 7:28–34)\n- mention the thanksgiving peace offering (7:11–15), which accompanied bread and animal sacrifices, votive peace offerings and the freewill peace offerings (7:16–21). \n\n###Fat\nIn ancient times, the fat of an animal was considered the best part of the animal to eat. Therefore, the fat portions of a sacrifice belonged to Yahweh and were to be offered on the fire and converted into pleasant-smelling smoke that rose to Yahweh in heaven. The fat portions and internal organs that were to be removed for burning that are referred to in this chapter include:\n\n- 1) For bovine, sheep and goats:\n* the **fat covering the innards**, that is, the caul fat that covers all of the internal organs (see [3:3, 9, 14](../03/09.md))\n* the **fat that is on the innards**, that is, the visceral fat that is directly connected to the internal organs (see [3:3, 9, 14](../03/09.md))\n* the fat that is connected to the **two kidneys** (see [3:4, 10, 15](../03/09.md))\n* the **two kidneys** themselves (see [3:4, 10, 15](../03/09.md))\n* the **lobe on the liver**, that is, one of the four bunches of liver tissue on the animal's liver (see [3:4, 10, 15](../03/09.md))\n* the **liver** itself (see [3:4, 10, 15](../03/09.md))\n\n-2) For sheep only, in addition to the portions listed above:\n* the entirety of the **fat** of the sheep (see [3:9](../03/09.md))\n* the **fatty tail**, that is, the portion of fat attached to the short tail of the sheep, which was to be removed in one piece near the end of the spine (see [3:9](../03/09.md))\n\nThese portions of fat were to be carefully removed by the person offering the sacrifice and presented to the priest to be burned on the altar. \n\n###Sprinkling blood\nThe symbolic action of **splashing** or "sprinkling” the blood of the animal on the **the altar** is frequent in animal sacrifices in Leviticus. The blood, being the life of the animal (see [17:11](../17/11.md)), was given by God to purify ritually and to remove sin. In this chapter, the blood acts as a ritual detergent with the special ability to cleanse people, sacred objects, and sacred spaces from the impurity generated by sin. As such, it was splashed on the sides of the altar in a symbolic act that removed the impurities of sin.\n\n###Consuming blood or fat\nLeviticus 3:17 prohibits any Israelite, regardless of age or location, from eating any fat or blood of any animal. Because the blood contained "the life" of the animal, it had the special ability to cleanse people, sacred objects, or sacred space from the impurity caused by sin. As such, Yahweh forbid the eating of any animal blood (see ([7:26–27](../07/26.md), ([17:10–14](../17/10.md), and ([19:26](../19/26.md)). While the reason for forbidding the consumption of fat is not given in this chapter, it is presumed that these choice portions of rich fat were especially coveted and so belonged exclusively to Yahweh.
3:1 c260 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שְׁלָמִ֖ים 1 As the general introduction to this chapter discusses, a **peace offering** is a sacrifice that was intended to promote friendship and fellowship either between an individual and God or between two individuals or parties. As [7:11–21](../07/11.md) describes, peace offerings could take a variety of forms, including as an offering of thanksgiving for God’s generosity or deliverance, or as an auxiliary to the fulfillment of a vow.
3:1 ausb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ & ה֣וּא מַקְרִ֔יב & יַקְרִיבֶ֖נּוּ 1 For this and similar expressions throughout this chapter, see how you translated the expression in [1:2](../01/02.md).
3:1 c4u7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ & ה֣וּא מַקְרִ֔יב & יַקְרִיבֶ֖נּוּ 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, the book often speaks of the Israelites and to the Israelites in the third person, even though it is a direct address. Here and throughout the book, if it would be clearer in your language, you could use the second person in your translation. Alternate translation: “your offering … you are presenting … you shall present it”
3:1 xipk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אִ֤ם מִן־הַבָּקָר֙ ה֣וּא מַקְרִ֔יב אִם־זָכָר֙ אִם־נְקֵבָ֔ה 1 The word translated **cattle** refers a group of bovines—whether cows, bulls, or oxen. If your readers would not be familiar with these animals, you could use a general expression in your translation. Alternate translation: “if he is presenting from his cows, whether male or female”
3:1 cxo9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הַבָּקָר֙ 1 The phrase **from the cattle** does not refer to a specific group of animals. It describes any groups of bovines that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “from the bovines that he owns”
3:1 qet0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תָּמִ֥ים יַקְרִיבֶ֖נּוּ 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, the word **perfect** here refers to a male or female bovine that is completely healthy and an exemplary representative of its species. Alternate translation: “he should offer an unblemished bovine” or “he should offer a bovine without blemish” or, using the second-person, “you should offer an unblemished bovine”
3:1 vh99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַקְרִיבֶ֖נּוּ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 See how you translated the expression **to the face of Yahweh** in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “he shall present it in the presence of Yahweh” or “he should present it within the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting, where Yahweh is”
3:2 lluf rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְסָמַ֤ךְ יָדוֹ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ קָרְבָּנ֔וֹ וּשְׁחָט֕וֹ פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד 1 Here and throughout this chapter, the word **he** refers to the worshiper and not to the priest. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit, or continue using the second-person pronouns throughout. Alternate translation: “And the one offering the sacrifice shall lay his hand on the head of his offering, and that individual shall slaughter it at the entrance of the tent of meeting” or, using the second person, “And you shall lay your hand on the head of your offering, and you shall slaughter it at the entrance of the tent of meeting”
3:2 wq58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַ֤ךְ יָדוֹ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ קָרְבָּנ֔וֹ 1 This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. The implication seems to be that the person is ritually placing his sins on the sacrificial animal so that God will forgive the sins when the animal is sacrificed. If it would be helpful to your readers, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering in order to place his sins on the animal, that they may be removed from him”
3:2 p8xf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְזָרְק֡וּ בְּנֵי֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן הַכֹּהֲנִ֧ים אֶת־הַדָּ֛ם עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ סָבִֽיב׃ 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), splashing **the blood** of the animal on the **the altar** is a symbolic action. The blood, being the life of the animal (see [17:11](../17/11.md)), was given by God to purify ritually and to remove sin. Here, the blood is splashed on the sides of the altar to keep it free from sin. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote here and in subsequent instances in the book. Alternate translation: “And the sons of Aaron, the priests, shall splash the blood all around on the holy altar in order to keep the altar clean from sin”
3:2 tf9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְזָרְק֡וּ בְּנֵי֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן הַכֹּהֲנִ֧ים אֶת־ הַדָּ֛ם 1 It is implied that **the priests** would catch **the blood** in a bowl as it drained out of the bovine. Then they would bring the bowl with the blood in it and present it to Yahweh at the altar. If this would not be clear in your language, you could supply this information, here and in later instances in the book. Alternative translation: “And after catching the blood as it drains from the bovine you have killed, the sons of Aaron, the priests, shall splatter the blood”
3:2 fyko rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵי֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן הַכֹּהֲנִ֧ים 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Aaron, who are priests”
3:3 u5fg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ הַֽמְכַסֶּ֣ה אֶת־הַקֶּ֔רֶב 1 Here, **the fat covering the innards** refers to caul fat, or the thin, lacy membrane that surrounds the internal organs of some animals, such as cows, sheep, and pigs. If your language has a word for this portion of fat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general term.
3:3 t5ou rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַחֵ֔לֶב אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַקֶּֽרֶב׃ 1 Here, **all the fat that is on the innards** refers to visceral fat, or the fat accumulated within the abdominal wall, which surrounds internal organs such as the stomach, intestines, and liver of animals. If your language has a word for this portion of fat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general term.
3:4 z37a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲלֵהֶ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַכְּסָלִ֑ים 1 Here, **the fat that is on them that is near the loins** refers to suet, that is, the hard, lumpy fat that surrounds the kidneys and liver of sheep, goats, and bovines. If your language has a word for this portion of fat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general term. Alternate translation: “and the leaf lard that is accumulated on the loins”
3:4 p1xl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַכְּסָלִ֑ים 1 Here, the word **loins** refers to that part of a animal’s muscles that resides between the upper part of the hipbone and the last of the false ribs on either side of the backbone. If your language has a word for this choice portion of meat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general term.
3:4 gs74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַיֹּתֶ֨רֶת֙ עַל־ הַכָּבֵ֔ד 1 The **the lobe on the liver** refers to one of the four curved portions of the liver. Although which of the four lobes of the liver is left unspecified, in the ancient world, the liver’s lobe was considered a delicacy and the choice part of the liver. If your language has a word for this choice portion of meat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general term. Alternate translation: “the choice part of the liver”
3:4 augf rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns עַל־הַכְּלָי֖וֹת יְסִירֶֽנָּה 1 Here, **it** refers to **the lobe** of **the liver**. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “he should remove the lobe of the liver with the kidneys,” or, using the second person, “you shall remove the lobe of the liver with the kidneys”
3:5 t26a rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהִקְטִ֨ירוּ אֹת֤וֹ בְנֵֽי־אַהֲרֹן֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 Although the word **it** here is singular, it refers to all the portions of fat and the internal organs that were described in [3:3–4](../03/03.md). If it would be helpful, consider using a plural pronoun as [3:16](../03/16.md) does, or making the referents explicit, as the UST models. Alternate translation: “And the sons of Aaron shall cause them to become smoke on the altar”
3:5 sbr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֨ירוּ אֹת֤וֹ בְנֵֽי־אַהֲרֹן֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “And the sons of Aaron shall cause it to become smoke on the altar and ascend towards God in heaven”
3:6 pfsm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הַצֹּ֧אן 1 The expression **the flock** does not refer to a specific groups of animals. Rather, it describe any groups of sheep or goats that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “from the sheep or goats that he owns”
3:7 dcyq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry הֽוּא־מַקְרִ֖יב אֶת־קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ וְהִקְרִ֥יב אֹת֖וֹ 1 See how you handled the emphatic use of a verb and a related noun in [1:2](../01/02.md). Specifically, see how you translated the similar form of this expression in [3:1](../03/01.md).
3:7 vda3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 See how you translated the expression **to the face of Yahweh** in [1:5](../01/05.md).
3:8 j6nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַ֤ךְ אֶת־ יָדוֹ֙ עַל־ רֹ֣אשׁ 1 This is a symbolic action. See how you translated this phrase in [1:4](../01/04.md).
3:8 zpyt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִפְנֵ֖י אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד 1 Here, **to the face of the tent of meeting** is an idiom that means “before the tent of meeting” and is synonymous with the expression “at the entrance of the tent of meeting” (see [3:2](../03/02.md)). If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before the tent of meeting” or “in front of the tent of meeting”
3:8 kp5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְ֠זָרְקוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֧ן אֶת־דָּמ֛וֹ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ סָבִֽיב׃ 1 As in [3:2](../03/02.md), splashing **the blood** of the animal on the **the altar** is a symbolic action. See how you translated this phrase in [1:5](../01/05.md).
3:8 grd8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֠זָרְקוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֧ן אֶת־ דָּמ֛וֹ 1 As in [3:2](../03/02.md), it is implied that **the priests** would catch **the blood** in a bowl as it drained out of the animal. Then they would bring the bowl with the blood in it and present it to Yahweh at the altar. See how you handled this implied information in [1:5](../01/05.md).
3:8 ausr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֧ן 1 See how you translated this description of the priests in [1:5](../01/05.md).
3:9 c2bm rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהִקְרִ֨יב 1 The word **he** refers to the worshiper and not to the priests. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And … the one offering the sacrifice shall present” or, using the second-person, “And … you should present”
3:9 e5hx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns חֶלְבּוֹ֙ 1 Here, **its** refers to the lamb described in [3:7-8](../03/07.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the fat of the lamb that you have sacrificed”
3:9 j687 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הָאַלְיָ֣ה תְמִימָ֔ה 1 Here, the **fatty tail** refers to the fat that accumulates in the hind parts of a sheep on both sides of its tail and on the first few vertebrae of the tail. If your language has a special term for this portion of fat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic phrase, as the UST models.
3:9 q1kt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ הַֽמְכַסֶּ֣ה אֶת־הַקֶּ֔רֶב 1 See how you translated this expression in [3:3](../03/03.md).
3:9 on7o rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַחֵ֔לֶב אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַקֶּֽרֶב׃\n 1 See how you translated this expression in [3:3](../03/03.md).
3:10 v2hz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֶת־ הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲלֵהֶ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־ הַכְּסָלִ֑ים וְאֶת־ הַיֹּתֶ֨רֶת֙ עַל־ הַכָּבֵ֔ד\n 1 See how you translated these terms in [3:4](../03/04.md).
3:11 sm2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִיר֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “And the priest shall burn it on the altar and cause it to become smoke and ascend toward God in heaven”
3:11 eron rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהִקְטִיר֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 Although the word **it** here is singular, that pronoun refers to all the portions of fat and the internal organs that were described in [3:3–4](../03/03.md). If it would be helpful, consider using a plural pronoun as [3:16](../03/16.md) does, or making this explicit, as the UST models. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall cause them to become smoke on the altar”
3:11 w7se rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֶ֥חֶם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה 1 Here, the phrase **food of a gift to Yahweh** uses the possessive form to describe a **gift to Yahweh** that consists of edible **food**. This does not mean that Yahweh eats the food, but only that the offering to Yahweh takes the form of food. If it would be helpful, consider making this more explicit. Alternate translation: “food that you have offered to Yahweh as a gift” or “a gift to Yahweh that consists of food”
3:13 a245 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַ֤ךְ אֶת־ יָדוֹ֙ עַל־ רֹאשׁ֔וֹ 1 See how you translated this symbolic action in [1:4](../01/04.md).
3:13 shc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֠זָרְקוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֧ן אֶת־ דָּמ֛וֹ 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), it is implied that **the priests** would catch **the blood** in a bowl as it drained out of the animal. Then they would bring the bowl with the blood in it and present it to Yahweh at the altar. See how you translated this phrase in [1:5](../01/05.md).
3:14 j58j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהִקְרִ֤יב 1 The word **he** refers to the worshiper and not to the priests. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And…the one offering the sacrifice shall present” or, using the second-person, “And … you should present”
3:14 weip rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ הַֽמְכַסֶּ֣ה אֶת־הַקֶּ֔רֶב וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַחֵ֔לֶב אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַקֶּֽרֶב 1 See how you translated these terms in [3:3](../03/03.md).
3:15 s33p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲלֵהֶ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַכְּסָלִ֑ים וְאֶת־הַיֹּתֶ֨רֶת֙ עַל־הַכָּבֵ֔ד 1 See how you translated these terms in [3:4](../03/04.md).
3:16 hj5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִירָ֥ם הַכֹּהֵ֖ן הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “And the priest should burn them on the altar and cause it to become smoke and ascend toward God in heaven”
3:16 c52y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֶ֤חֶם אִשֶּׁה֙ 1 See how you translated this expression in [3:11](../03/11.md).
3:17 d5fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis חֻקַּ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכֹ֖ל מֽוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶ֑ם 1 The expression **An enduring statute for your generations in all your dwelling places** leaves out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. It implies that the Israelites should always obey this commandment wherever they live. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “You should always obey this statute for all your generations and in all your dwelling places”
3:17 viwv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכֹ֖ל מֽוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶ֑ם 1 In this verse, the word **your** is plural. Yahweh is speaking about everyone who will offer sacrifices, regardless of age or location. If you have been using second-person singular forms in your translation and the switch to the plural form would not be natural in your language, you could continue to use singular forms here.
4:intro wrl4 0 #Leviticus 4 General Notes\n\n##Structure and Formatting\nThis chapter begins with a new introduction that continues the narrative framing at the beginning of the book. As such, Leviticus 4:1–5:13 should be taken as a discrete unit, continuing on from Leviticus 1–3.\n\nThis chapter gives instructions on how to offer a sacrifice for unintentional sins, called a **purification offering** because of its ability to purify the sacred space and sacred objects that are dedicated to Yahweh from the impurities generated by unintentional sin. The structure of the chapter offers can be mapped out as follows:\n\n\n- 1) The Purification Offering (4:1–5:13)\n - I. Unintentional Sins (4:1–35)\n - i. scenario #1: The High Priest (4:3–12)\n - ii. scenario #2: The Community (4:13–21)\n - iii. scenario #3: A Leader (4:22–26)\n - iv. scenario #4: An Individual (4:27–35)\n\nThe chapter addresses four hypothetical situations where this kind of sacrifice is needed:\n\n- 1) the high priest unintentionally sins (4:3–12)\n- 2) the whole community unintentionally sins (4:13–21)\n- 3) a leader in the community unintentionally sins (4:22–26)\n- 4) an ordinary individual unintentionally sins (4:27–35)\n - that individual offers a goat (4:27–31)\n - that individual offers a sheep (4:32–35)\n\nAs in Leviticus 1, the instructions offer a detailed outline of the procedure for the sacrifice. The instructed steps include:\n\n- 1) presenting a perfect animal to the priest (4:3, 14)\n - for the high priest, a young bull (4:3)\n - for the community, a young bull (4:13)\n - for the leader, a male goat (4:23)\n - for the individual, a male goat (4:28) or a female sheep (4:32)\n- 2) bringing the animal to the tent of meeting (4:4, 14, 23, 28, 32)\n- 3) laying hands on the animal (4:4, 15, 24, 29, 33)\n- 4) killing the animal (4:4, 15, 24, 29, 33)\n- 5) bringing the blood into the tent of meeting (4:5, 16)\n- 6) sprinkling the blood seven times before Yahweh towards the curtain (4:6, 17)\n- 7) putting some blood on each of the four horns of an altar (4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34)\n - for the high priest and the community, the blood is applied to the horns of the incense altar (4:7, 18)\n - for the leader and the individual, the blood is applied to the horns of the burnt-offering altar (4:25, 30, 34)\n- 8) pouring the rest of the blood out on the base of the burnt-offering altar (4:8, 18, 25, 30, 34)\n- 9) properly butchering the animal into the fat portions (4:9–10, 19–20, 26, 31, 35)\n- 10) burning the fat portions and creating the pleasant-smelling smoke (4:10, 19–20, 26, 31, 35)\n- 11) bringing the rest of the sacrificed animal portions outside the camp to burn them (4:11–12, 21)\n\n##Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n###Unintentional sins\n[INSERT TEXT] \n\n###Guilt\n[INSERT TEXT] \n\n###Sprinkling Blood\n[INSERT TEXT] \n\n\n###The various altars and the sacred curtain\n\n###Disposing of the portions of the sacrifice that are not burned\n[INSERT TEXT]
4:1 ymeo rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
4:1-2 vi29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵּאמֹֽר & דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל לֵאמֹר֒ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He told Moses to speak to the sons of Israel, saying”
4:2 gdkg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל 1 This expression speaks of the people of Israel in the time of Moses as if they were literally the **sons of Israel**. It means that they are the physical and spiritual descendants of Jacob, whose name God changed to Israel. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Israel”
4:2 skxw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל 1 Although the word translated **sons** is masculine and plural, it has a generic sense that applies to both men and women. In your translation, you may wish to use a term that is clearly inclusive of men and women. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
4:2 hgnv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹר֒ 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
4:2 wdps rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations נֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֤א 1 Although the words translated **A person** and **he** are feminine, they have a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. As the General Introduction to this chapter suggests, the people of Israel are here referred to by using a generic feminine noun, which intentionally balances the use of the generic masculine noun in [1:2](../01/02.md). If your language has a generic word for an individual that is grammatically feminine, consider using it here, or use a generic noun. Alternate translation: “When any person offers” or “When someone offers”
4:2 lnfi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֤א בִשְׁגָגָה֙ מִכֹּל֙ מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֣א תֵעָשֶׂ֑ינָה 1 The expression **which shall not be done** could refer to: (1) **the commands of Yahweh**, that is, to commandments that proscribe certain actions or behaviors. Alternate translation: “when she sins by mistake from all the commands of Yahweh that say what you should not do” or (2) the act of sinning against God by violating any of **the commands of Yahweh**. Alternate translation: “when she sins by mistake from all the commands of Yahweh, which is something that you should not do”
4:2 yyyi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֤א בִשְׁגָגָה֙ מִכֹּל֙ מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה 1 The expression **sins by mistake from any of the commands of Yahweh** could refer to: (1) doing wrong against God by mistakenly not doing something that **the commands of Yahweh** say to do. Alternate translation: “when he sins by mistake, unintentionally not doing something that the commands of Yahweh say you should do” or (2) doing wrong against God by mistakenly doing something that the commands of Yahweh expressly forbid. Alternate translation: “when he sins by mistake by doing something that the commands of Yahweh say you should not do”
4:2 czo5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְעָשָׂ֕ה מֵאַחַ֖ת מֵהֵֽנָּה 1 The expression **from one from them** uses repetition to refer to any individual command from the body of the commands of Yahweh. If your language can use repetition for emphasis in this manner, consider using a similar expression here. If not, then consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “and he does any one of them”
4:3 iy0r rc://*/ta/man/grammar-connect-logic-result אִ֣ם הַכֹּהֵ֧ן הַמָּשִׁ֛יחַ יֶחֱטָ֖א לְאַשְׁמַ֣ת הָעָ֑ם 1 The expression **sins to the guilt of the people** refers to an act of wrongdoing against Yahweh that results in the collective guilt of the people in some way. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate explanation: “if the anointed priest sins in such a way that it causes the people to become guilty”
4:3 jsnr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַכֹּהֵ֧ן הַמָּשִׁ֛יחַ 1 The **anointed priest** refers to the high priest, or the member of the priest who has been anointed to lead the priesthood. Alternate translation: “the priest whom Yahweh anointed to be high priest”
4:3 g1z4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְאַשְׁמַ֣ת הָעָ֑ם 1 The abstract noun **guilt** refers both to the emotional experience of feeling guilty and to the legal status of having done wrong and needing to offer restitution for the wrongdoing. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **guilt**, you can express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “so as to cause the people to be guilty”
4:3 dr8l וְהִקְרִ֡יב 1 Alternate translation: “then he should present”
4:3 l49l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry עַ֣ל חַטָּאתוֹ֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָטָ֜א 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **he sinned** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **sin**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
4:3 hev1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown פַּ֣ר 1 A **bull** is a domesticated adult male ox or bullock. If your language has a word for this animal, consider using it here. If not, then consider using a generic noun. Alternate translation: “male of the cattle” or “a male bovine”
4:3 w2tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בֶּן־בָּקָ֥ר 1 The expression **son of** describes a person or animal that shares the essential qualities of something. Here the phrase describes this male ox as **the son of the cattle** because it is a male animal that shares the essential qualities of the class of domesticated bovines. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use an equivalent idiom from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the male ox” or “the male bovine”
4:3 ixx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תָּמִ֛ים 1 See how you translated this word in [1:3](../01/03.md).
4:3 hxl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְחַטָּֽאת׃ 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, a **sin offering** is a sacrifice that was offered by an individual person or the community as a whole to purify the sacred altar, the sanctuary, and the sacred objects from impurity caused by sin.
4:4 xx9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהֵבִ֣יא אֶת־ הַפָּ֗ר 1 The word **he** refers to the anointed priest, that is, to the high priest who has unintentionally sinned and made the people guilty. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the anointed priest should bring the bull”
4:4 z9am rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the expression **to the face of Yahweh** in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “to the presence of Yahweh” or “to the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
4:4 zy1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַ֤ךְ אֶת־ יָדוֹ֙ עַל־ רֹ֣אשׁ 1 See how you translated this symbolic action in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:4 yejs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְשָׁחַ֥ט אֶת־הַפָּ֖ר לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [1:5](../01/05.md).
4:5 m58i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלָקַ֛ח הַכֹּהֵ֥ן הַמָּשִׁ֖יחַ מִדַּ֣ם הַפָּ֑ר 1 It is implied that **the anointed priest** would catch **the blood** in a bowl as it drained out of the bovine. Then they would bring the bowl with the blood in it and present it to Yahweh at the altar, before applying it to the altar in the manner that [4:6–7](../04/06.md) describes. If this would not be clear in your language, you could supply this information here and in later instances in the book. Alternative translation: “After catching the blood in a bowl as it drains from the bull that he slaughtered, the anointed priest should take some of the blood of the bull”
4:6 hnz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְהִזָּ֨ה מִן־הַדָּ֜ם שֶׁ֤בַע פְּעָמִים֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 Here, to sprinkle the blood of the bull **to the face of Yahweh** means literally to sprinkle the blood in the direction of the **curtain of the holy place**, which separated the worshiper from the Holy of Holies, the location where Yahweh was enthroned above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant. Alternate translation: “and he should sprinkle some of the blood seven times toward the Holy of Holies, where Yahweh is”
4:6 uk96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִזָּ֨ה מִן־הַדָּ֜ם שֶׁ֤בַע פְּעָמִים֙ 1 Just as the blood is splashed against the altar in [1:5](../01/05.md) and elsewhere, here, in a similar symbolic action, the high priest **sprinkles** the blood on the altar and the curtain with his finger. The blood, being the life of the animal (see [17:11](../17/11.md)), was given by God to purify and remove the defiling impurities caused by the high priests’ unintentional sin. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote here and in subsequent instances in the book. Alternate translation: “and he should sprinkle some of the blood seven times in order to cleanse the sacred place from the defiling impurities of sin”
4:6 z4pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י פָּרֹ֥כֶת הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 The **face of the curtain** is an idiom that means the front of the curtain. If your language has a similar idiom, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “the front of the curtain”
4:6 htr0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י פָּרֹ֥כֶת הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃ 1 The **curtain of the holy place** was a thick cloth of blue, purple, and scarlet linen that hung between the holy place of the altar and the Holy of Holies, concealing the Holy of Holies from view, as described in [Exodus 26:31–35](exod/26/31.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the front of the sacred screen that separates the Holy of Holies from the rest of the sanctuary”
4:7 c0um rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְנָתַן֩ הַכֹּהֵ֨ן מִן־הַדָּ֜ם עַל־קַ֠רְנוֹת מִזְבַּ֨ח קְטֹ֤רֶת הַסַּמִּים֙ 1 This is a symbolic action. By daubing the blood on the extremities of the altar, the priest is ritually removing from the sacred altar the impurities caused by the unintentional sin. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote here and in subsequent instances in the book. Alternate translation: “And the priest should put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of incense of the spices in order to purify the altar from the defiling impurities caused by the priest’s unintentional sin”
4:7 rrcr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown קַ֠רְנוֹת מִזְבַּ֨ח קְטֹ֤רֶת הַסַּמִּים֙ 1 The **horns of the altar** refer to the projections at the corners of the **altar**. They are shaped like the **horns** of an ox. Alternate translation: “the horn-shaped projections at the corners of the altar of incense of the spices”
4:7 n7r6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִזְבַּ֨ח קְטֹ֤רֶת הַסַּמִּים֙ 1 The **altar of incense of the spices** refers to the place where priests burned fragrance incense twice a day. It was located directly in front of the curtain which separated the Holy of Holies from the rest of the sanctuary. It is described in detail in [Exodus 30:1–10](exod/30/01.md). Alternate translation: “the altar of the fragrant incenses”
4:7 hgoz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 Because this verse specifies that the incense altar is located inside the **tent of meeting**, here the expression **to the face of Yahweh** means directly in front of the Holy of Holies, the location where Yahweh was enthroned above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant. Alternate translation: “in the sacred vicinity of the tent of meeting where Yahweh ” or “directly in front of the Yahweh’s presence in the Holy of Holies
4:7 w9my rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־דַּ֣ם הַפָּ֗ר 1 Given that the priest has just sprinkled some of **the blood** and dripped some of the blood on **the horns of the altar**, the phrase **all the blood of the bull** refers to the blood that remains after these first two applications. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the remaining blood of the bull”
4:8 opbk rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָרִ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נּוּ 1 The word **he** here refers to the anointed priest, because he is both the one offering the sacrifice and the one performing the sacrificial rite. If this is unclear in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the anointed priest should lift up from it”
4:8 rd3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָרִ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נּוּ 1 The expression **he will lift up from it** is an idiom that means to carefully remove and set aside. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a verb that expresses the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he shall trim from it and set it aside”
4:8 c7cy אֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ הַֽמְכַסֶּ֣ה עַל־הַקֶּ֔רֶב 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [3:3](../03/03.md).
4:8 vd6f וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַחֵ֔לֶב אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַקֶּֽרֶב׃ 1 See how you translated this expression in [3:3](../03/03.md).
4:9 r448 וְאֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲלֵיהֶ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַכְּסָלִ֑ים וְאֶת־הַיֹּתֶ֨רֶת֙ עַל־הַכָּבֵ֔ד 1 See how you translated these terms in [3:4](../03/04.md).
4:9 li4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְסִירֶֽנָּה׃ 1 As in [3:4](../03/04.md), [3:10](../03/10.md), and [3:15](../03/15.md), the one who removes the fat from the sacrificial animal is the worshiper, not the priest. However, because here the anointed priest is both the one offering the sacrifice and the one performing the sacrificial rite, the word **he** refers to the priest. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the anointed priest should remove it”
4:10 dy4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יוּרַ֔ם מִשּׁ֖וֹר זֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים 1 Here, **it** refers to all the fat that was described in the instructions about peace offerings in [3:3–4](../03/03.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “just as the fat is removed from the ox of the sacrifice of the peace offering”
4:10 xvzf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יוּרַ֔ם מִשּׁ֖וֹר זֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים 1 Here the author of Leviticus does not use the present tense to describe contemporaneous or ongoing action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual is preparing a peace offering. Rather, the present tense is being used both to describe action that was previously described in the book of Leviticus and to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to a specific past action. Alternate translation: “in the same manner as it would be removed from the ox of the purification offering”
4:10 cded rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יוּרַ֔ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “just as the individual removed the fat” or, if you used the second-person form in chapter 3, “just as you removed the fat”
4:10 peg9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהִקְטִירָם֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן 1 Here, **them** refers to all the pieces of fat and the internal organs described in [4:8–9](../04/08.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the priest should cause all the fat pieces and the internal organs to become smoke”
4:10 ub9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִירָם֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “And the priest should burn them on the altar and cause them to become smoke and ascend toward God in heaven”
4:11 fr9j וְאֶת־ ע֤וֹר הַפָּר֙ וְאֶת־ כָּל־ בְּשָׂר֔וֹ עַל־ רֹאשׁ֖וֹ וְעַל־ כְּרָעָ֑יו וְקִרְבּ֖וֹ וּפִרְשֽׁוֹ 1 This list of animal parts tells the reader what is meant by the expression **all of the bull** in [4:12](../04/12.md). If this would be unclear, consider using a phrase to indicate that this list introduces the subject of the verse, which will be restated in [4:12](../04/12.md). Alternate translation: “As for the skin of the bull and all its flesh, with its head and with its legs and its innards and its dung”
4:12 xwxo rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהוֹצִ֣יא 1 Here, **he** cannot refer to the priest making the sacrifice, because this action would cause the priest to become impure. Rather, it refers to another, unspecified Israelite. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic word for a person, as the UST models. Alternate translation: “someone else should bring out”
4:12 hgo6 אֶל־שֶׁ֣פֶךְ הַדֶּ֔שֶׁן & עַל־שֶׁ֥פֶךְ הַדֶּ֖שֶׁן 1 The **pouring out place of the fatty ashes** is equivalent to the “place of the fatty ashes” referenced in [1:16](../01/16.md). See how you translated the similar phrase there.
4:12 q856 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִשָּׂרֵֽף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone should burn it”
4:13 mv5c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנֶעְלַ֣ם דָּבָ֔ר מֵעֵינֵ֖י הַקָּהָ֑ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the assembly does not realize that they have sinned”
4:13 y4sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֠עָשׂוּ אַחַ֨ת מִכָּל־מִצְוֺ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵעָשֶׂ֖ינָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:2](../04/02.md).
4:14 vn62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנֽוֹדְעָה֙ הַֽחַטָּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטְא֖וּ עָלֶ֑יהָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and then they realize the sin that they sinned concerning it”
4:14 vtgc rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns עָלֶ֑יהָ 1 Here, **it** refers to the commands of Yahweh mentioned in [4:13](../04/13.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “with regards to the commands of Yahweh”
4:14 jiw5 פַּ֤ר בֶּן־בָּקָר֙ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:3](../04/03.md).
4:15 fjs3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְ֠סָמְכוּ זִקְנֵ֨י הָעֵדָ֧ה אֶת־יְדֵיהֶ֛ם עַל־רֹ֥אשׁ הַפָּ֖ר 1 See how you translated this symbolic action in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:15 ukae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה & לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh ... in the presence of Yahweh” or “in the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting where Yahweh is ... in the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting where Yahweh is”
4:15 kvnu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְשָׁחַ֥ט אֶת־הַפָּ֖ר 1 Here, **he** refers not to the priest but to an individual member of the **elders of the congregation** mentioned in this verse. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the subject plain. Alternate translation: “And one of the elders of the congregation shall slaughter the bull”
4:16 l1qd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהֵבִ֛יא הַכֹּהֵ֥ן הַמָּשִׁ֖יחַ מִדַּ֣ם 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), it is implied that the **priest** caught **the blood** in a bowl as the blood drained from the bull. See how you conveyed this implied information in that verse.
4:17 caw8 וְטָבַ֧ל הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֶצְבָּע֖וֹ מִן־הַדָּ֑ם 1 Alternate translation: “And the priest shall dip his finger in some of the blood”
4:17 zoh0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִזָּ֞ה שֶׁ֤בַע פְּעָמִים֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֖ת פְּנֵ֥י הַפָּרֹֽכֶת 1 See how you translated these expressions in [4:6](../04/06.md).
4:18 tsse rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִתֵּ֣ן & יִשְׁפֹּךְ֙ 1 Here, and in the verses [4:18–20](../04/18.md), the word **he** refers to the priest. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the priest should put … the priest should pour out”
4:18 xn3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown קַרְנֹ֣ת הַמִּזְבֵּ֗חַ 1 See how you translated this expression in [4:7](../04/07.md).
4:18 c8oi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמִּזְבֵּ֗חַ אֲשֶׁר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד 1 The **altar that is to the face of Yahweh, which is in the tent of meeting** is identical to the “altar of incense of the spices” referenced in [4:7](../04/07.md). See how you translated these expressions there.
4:19 wo2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵ֥ת כָּל־חֶלְבּ֖וֹ 1 The expression **all of its fat** refers to the portions of the bull’s fat and internal organs as described in [4:8–9](../04/08.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and all of the bull’s fat, including the fat covering over the innards, all the fat that is on the innards, the two kidneys, the fat that is on them that is near the loins, and the lobe on the liver”
4:19 t3pe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָרִ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נּוּ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:8](../04/08.md).
4:19 shyt rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָרִ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נּוּ 1 Although it is ambiguous, unlike [4:8](../04/08.md), here **he** likely refers to the individual member of the elders of the congregation who slaughtered the bull in [4:15](../04/15.md) and not to the priest. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the elder of the congregation who slaughtered the animal should lift up from it”
4:20 tsy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-parallelism וְעָשָׂ֣ה לַפָּ֔ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לְפַ֣ר הַֽחַטָּ֔את כֵּ֖ן יַעֲשֶׂה־לּ֑וֹ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If your language can repeat phrases for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. If not, consider combining the phrases. Alternate translation: “And he should do for the bull just as he did for the bull of the purification offering”
4:20 k2wc וְעָשָׂ֣ה לַפָּ֔ר & עָשָׂה֙ לְפַ֣ר & כֵּ֖ן יַעֲשֶׂה־לּ֑וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “And he should prepare the bull ... he prepared the bull ... thus he should prepare it”
4:20 gdgl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְעָשָׂ֣ה לַפָּ֔ר & כֵּ֖ן יַעֲשֶׂה־לּ֑וֹ 1 As in [4:19](../04/19.md), here **he** refers to the worshiper, likely the individual member of “the elders of the congregation” who slaughtered the bull in [4:15](../04/15.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the elder who slaughtered the bull and removed its fat should do for the bull … thus the elder who slaughtered the bull and removed its fat should do with it”
4:20 kird rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לְפַ֣ר הַֽחַטָּ֔את 1 Because it was the anointed priest who prepared the **bull of the purification offering** as described in [4:3–12](../04/03.md), in this case, the word **he** refers to the anointed priest, not to the individual member of “the elders of the congregation” who is the subject of the other verbs in this verse. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the subject explicit here. Alternate translation: “just as the anointed priest did with the bull of the purification offering that he offered because of his own unintentional sin”
4:20 s2f3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לְפַ֣ר הַֽחַטָּ֔את 1 Here the author of Leviticus does not use the past tense to describe previous action, as if he is here referring to a specific past instance where the individual prepared a peace offering. Rather, the past tense is being used both to describe action that was previously described in the book of Leviticus and to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to a specific past action. Alternate translation: “just as one might do with the bull of the purification offering”
4:20 t3ph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְכִפֶּ֧ר עֲלֵהֶ֛ם הַכֹּהֵ֖ן 1 The word translated **atonement** may have originally indicated either the “covering” or the “wiping away” of sin. Either way, by the time of Leviticus it indicated that the sacrifice would be accepted in order to restore the relationship between the worshiper and Yahweh that had been damaged or defiled by sin. Consider using a word or phrase that conveys this idea effectively in your language. See how you translated the similar expression in [1:4](../01/04.md). Alternative translation: “And the priest shall restore them”
4:20 q33o rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְנִסְלַ֥ח לָהֶֽם׃ 1 Here, **it** refers to the unintentional sin that the community committed that introduced the impurity of sin, which, in turn, required the purification provided by the purification sacrifice. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and the unintentional sin of the community will be forgiven for them”
4:20 jd5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֥ח לָהֶֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will forgive the community for their sins”
4:21 vvgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהוֹצִ֣יא אֶת־הַפָּ֗ר 1 As in [4:12](../04/12.md), the word **he** cannot refer to the priest making the sacrifice, because this action would cause the priest to become impure. Rather, it refers to another, unspecified Israelite. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic word for a person, as the UST models. Alternate translation: “And someone else shall bring out the bull”
4:21 bves rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־הַפָּ֗ר 1 Because [4:20](../04/20.md), instructs the community to prepare the bull in the same manner that the high priest prepared the bull for his purification offering (in [4:8–10](../04/08.md)), here **the bull** refers to the pieces of the bull that are not burned on the altar, as listed in [4:11](../04/11.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the skin of the bull and all its flesh, with its head and with its legs and its innards and its dung”
4:21 zg6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵ֖ת הַפָּ֣ר הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן 1 The phrase **the first bull** refers to the bull offered and prepared by the anointed priest, as described in [4:3–12](../04/12.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the bull that the high priest offered for his purification offering”
4:22 xg1v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְעָשָׂ֡ה אַחַ֣ת מִכָּל־מִצְוֺת֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהָ֜יו אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־תֵעָשֶׂ֛ינָה בִּשְׁגָגָ֖ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:2](../04/02.md) and [4:13](../04/13.md).
4:23 jwgw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry חַטָּאת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖א בָּ֑הּ 1 The expression **his sin that he has sinned with it** uses repetition for emphasis. If your language can use repetition for emphasis in this manner, consider using a similar expression here. If not, then consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “the sin that he committed”
4:23 g4fd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֽוֹ־הוֹדַ֤ע אֵלָיו֙ חַטָּאת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖א בָּ֑הּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “or he becomes aware of the sin that he has sinned with it”
4:23 r7o2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession שְׂעִ֥יר עִזִּ֖ים 1 The expression **a buck of the goats** refers to a male goat that belongs to the class of animals also called goats. If your language possesses a specific term for a male goat, consider using it here, or use a generic expression. Alternate translation: “a male goat”
4:23 lvq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תָּמִֽים׃ 1 See how you translated this term in [1:3](../01/03.md).
4:24 q1kq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְסָמַ֤ךְ & וְשָׁחַ֣ט 1 The word **he** here refers to the “leader” whose unintentional sin requires a purification offering (see [4:22](../04/22.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the leader shall lay … and the leader shall slaughter”
4:24 aby2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַ֤ךְ יָדוֹ֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הַשָּׂעִ֔יר 1 See how you translated this symbolic action in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:24 z9vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns בִּמְק֛וֹם אֲשֶׁר־יִשְׁחַ֥ט אֶת־הָעֹלָ֖ה 1 Here, **he** does not refer specifically to the leader whose purification offering the current section discusses, but refers generally to any person who offers a burnt offering. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic word for a person to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “in the place where someone might slaughter the burnt offering”
4:25 wnl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלָקַ֨ח הַכֹּהֵ֜ן מִדַּ֤ם 1 As before, it is implied that **the priest** will catch **the blood** in a bowl as the blood drains from the goat. See how you translated this expression in [1:5](../01/05.md).
4:25 hd5k קַרְנֹ֖ת מִזְבַּ֣ח 1 While noting that here the priest drips **the blood** on the horns of the altar of the burnt offering rather than on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense, see how you translated these expressions in [4:7](../04/07.md) and [4:18](../04/18.md).
4:25 chb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־דָּמ֣וֹ 1 As in [4:7](../04/07.md), the phrase **its blood** refers to the blood that remains after applying some of the blood to the horns of the altar. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the remaining blood of the goat”
4:26 sgvn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־כָּל־חֶלְבּוֹ֙ 1 The phrase **all of its fat** refers to the fat portions of the goat described in the instructions for peace offerings in [3:14–15](../03/14.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And all of the goat’s fat, including the fat covering the innards, all the fat that is on the innards, the two kidneys, the fat that is on them that is by the loins, and the lobe on the liver”
4:26 vunv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כְּחֵ֖לֶב זֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים 1 The expression **like the fat of the sacrifice of the peace offerings** leaves out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “in the same manner that the priest would cause the fat of the sacrifice of the peace offerings to become smoke on the altar”
4:26 h9gk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְכִפֶּ֨ר עָלָ֧יו הַכֹּהֵ֛ן מֵחַטָּאת֖וֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:20](../04/20.md). See how you handled the term **atonement** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:26 f786 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 Here, **it** refers to the unintentional sin that the leader committed that introduced the impurity of sin, which, in turn, required the purification provided by the purification sacrifice. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and the leader’s unintentional sin will be forgiven for them”
4:26 zhk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will forgive the ruler for his unintentional sin”
4:27 phzq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְאִם־נֶ֧פֶשׁ אַחַ֛ת 1 As in [4:2](../04/02.md), the words translated **person** is feminine, but it has a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. If your language has a generic word for an individual that is grammatically feminine, consider using it here, or use a generic noun. Alternate translation: “And if any person” or “And if an individual”
4:27 kv6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵעַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 The expression **the people of the land** refers to individuals who live (or will live in the future) in the land of Israel, excluding the king, the high priest, and the leader previously referenced in this chapter. If this would be unclear in your context, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “from the common people who live in the land of Israel”
4:27 ppx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בַּ֠עֲשֹׂתָהּ אַחַ֨ת מִמִּצְוֺ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵעָשֶׂ֖ינָה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “by doing one thing that Yahweh commanded the people not to do”
4:28 barn rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry חַטָּאת֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָטָ֑א & עַל־חַטָּאת֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָֽא׃ 1 Here, words are being repeated for emphasis. See how you translated the similar phrase in [4:23](../04/23.md).
4:28 al2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הוֹדַ֣ע אֵלָ֔יו חַטָּאת֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָטָ֑א 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he becomes aware of the sin that he has sinned”
4:28 mgqk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession שְׂעִירַ֤ת עִזִּים֙ 1 The expression **a doe of the goats** refers to a female goat that belongs to the class of animals also called goats. If your language possesses a specific term for a female goat, consider using it here, or use a generic expression. Alternate translation: “a female goat” or “a she-goat”
4:29 rup1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַךְ֙ אֶת־ יָד֔וֹ עַ֖ל רֹ֣אשׁ 1 See how you translated this symbolic action in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:29 hqed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בִּמְק֖וֹם הָעֹלָֽה 1 The **place of the burnt offering** is identical to “the place where he slaughters the burnt offering to the face of Yahweh” in [4:24](../04/24.md). If this is unclear in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “in the same place where people slaughter the animals for the burnt offering”
4:30 su7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלָקַ֨ח הַכֹּהֵ֤ן מִדָּמָהּ֙ בְּאֶצְבָּע֔וֹ 1 As before, it is implied that **the priest** will catch **the blood** in a bowl as the blood drains from the goat. See how you translated this expression in [1:5](../01/05.md).
4:30 kqw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶל־יְס֖וֹד הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 Although unspecified, it is likely that the **altar** mentioned here is the same **altar of the burnt offering** that is referred to in this verse, which is also the place where **the blood** of the sacrificial animal is poured out in the similar expressions in [4:7](../04/07.md), [4:18](../04/18.md), [4:25](../04/25.md), and [4:30](../04/30.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the identity of the altar explicit, or using an identifying adjective as the UST models. Alternate translation: “toward the base of the altar of the burnt offering”
4:31 m5yu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־כָּל־חֶלְבָּ֣הּ 1 As in [4:26](../04/26.md), the phrase **all of its fat** refers to the fat portions of the goat described in the instructions for peace offerings in [3:14–15](../03/14.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And all of the goat’s fat, including the fat covering the innards, all the fat that is on the innards, the two kidneys, the fat that is on them that is by the loins, and the lobe on the liver”
4:31 hmu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָסִ֗יר 1 As in [4:20](../04/20.md), here, **he** refers to the individual offering the sacrifice, not to the priest. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the subject explicit. Alternate translation: “the person offering the purification offering should remove”
4:31 x3cz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר הוּסַ֣ר חֵלֶב֮ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “just as a person would remove the fat”
4:31 lo98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר הוּסַ֣ר חֵלֶב֮ מֵעַ֣ל זֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֒ 1 As in [4:10](../04/10.md), the author of Leviticus does not use the present tense here to describe contemporaneous or ongoing action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual is preparing a peace offering. Rather, the present tense is being used both to describe action that was previously described in the book of Leviticus and to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to specific past action. Alternate translation: “in the same manner as the fat would be removed from the sacrifice of the peace offerings”
4:31 y4ug rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֤יר הַכֹּהֵן֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md).
4:31 f423 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְכִפֶּ֥ר עָלָ֛יו הַכֹּהֵ֖ן 1 See how you handled this expression involving an abstract noun in [1:4](../01/04.md) and [4:20](../04/20.md).
4:31 rty9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will forgive the inidivual’s sins”
4:32 fcuy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאִם־כֶּ֛בֶשׂ יָבִ֥יא קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ 1 Here, the words **he** and **his** refer to the individual from the people of the land referred to in [4:27–28](../04/27.md). If it would be unclear in your language that these words refer to the same individual as the previous section, consider making the subject explicit. Alternate translation: “But if that individual brings a lamb as his offering”
4:32 sqnk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תְמִימָ֖ה 1 See how you translated this term in [1:3](../01/03.md).
4:33 gp8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמַךְ֙ אֶת־יָד֔וֹ עַ֖ל רֹ֣אשׁ הַֽחַטָּ֑את 1 See how you translated this symbolic action in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:33 n4w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns בִּמְק֕וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁחַ֖ט אֶת־הָעֹלָֽה׃ 1 As in [4:24](../04/24.md), **he** does not refer specifically to the individual whose purification offering the current section discusses, but refers generally to any person who kills an animal in order to offer a burnt offering. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic word for a person to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “in the place where someone would slaughter the burnt offering”
4:34 swdg וְלָקַ֨ח הַכֹּהֵ֜ן מִדַּ֤ם הַֽחַטָּאת֙ בְּאֶצְבָּע֔וֹ 1 See how you handled the information implied in the similar expressions in [1:5](../01/05.md).
4:34 l4b7 קַרְנֹ֖ת מִזְבַּ֣ח הָעֹלָ֑ה 1 See how you handled this expression in [4:25](../04/25.md) and [4:30](../04/30.md).
4:34 k2b9 וְאֶת־כָּל־דָּמָ֣הּ 1 See how you handled this expression in [4:30](../04/30.md).
4:34 iq0o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶל־יְס֖וֹד הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃ 1 Although unspecified, it is likely that the **altar** mentioned here is the same **altar of the burnt offering** that is referred to in this verse, which is also the place where **the blood** of the sacrificial animal is poured out in the similar expressions in [4:7](../04/07.md), [4:18](../04/18.md), [4:25](../04/25.md), and [4:30](../04/30.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the identity of the altar explicit, or using an identifying adjective as the UST models. Alternate translation: “toward the base of the altar of the burnt offering”
4:35 pl3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־כָּל־חֶלְבָּ֣ה 1 As in [4:26](../04/26.md) and [4:31](../04/31.md), the phrase **all of its fat** refers to the fat portions of the lamb described in the instructions for peace offerings in [3:9–10](../03/09.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And all of the lamb’s fat, including the entire fatty tail, the fat covering the innards, all the fat that is on the innards, the two kidneys, the fat that is on them that is by the loins, and the lobe on the liver”
4:35 z6xq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָסִ֗יר 1 As in [4:31](../04/31.md), here, **he** refers to the individual offering the sacrifice, not to the priest. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the subject explicit. Alternate translation: “the person offering the purification offering should remove”
4:35 gqlb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יוּסַ֥ר חֵֽלֶב־הַכֶּשֶׂב֮ מִזֶּ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֒ 1 As in [4:10](../04/10.md), the author of Leviticus does not use the present tense here to describe contemporaneous or ongoing action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual is preparing a peace offering. Rather, the present tense is being used both to describe action that was previously described in the book of Leviticus and to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to specific past action. Alternate translation: “in the same manner as the fat of the lamb would be removed from the sacrifice of the peace offerings”
4:35 i2gb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יוּסַ֥ר חֵֽלֶב־הַכֶּשֶׂב֮ מִזֶּ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֒ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “just as a person who offers a lamb as a sacrifice of peace offerings removes the fat of that lamb”
4:35 t7jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession עַ֖ל אִשֵּׁ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the similar possessive expressions in [2:3](../02/03.md) and [2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “on the sacrifices that people offer as gifts to Yahweh”
4:35 sy5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְכִפֶּ֨ר עָלָ֧יו הַכֹּהֵ֛ן עַל־ חַטָּאת֥וֹ 1 See how you handled this expression involving an abstract noun in [1:4](../01/04.md).
4:35 m4ms rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will forgive the individual of his sin”
5:intro dfg1 0 # Leviticus 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter gives instructions about how to offer a specific type of sacrifice.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Not testifying\n\nIf a person saw a crime, or a wrong being done, they were required to be a witness about what they saw or heard. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])\n\n### Sacrifices for the poor\n\nThis chapter explains that poor people were allowed to offer less expensive sacrifices if they could not afford more costly sacrifices.
5:1 rx2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְנֶ֣פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֗א וְשָֽׁמְעָה֙ 1 Although the words translated **A person** and **he** are feminine, they have a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. If your language has a generic word for an individual that is grammatically feminine, consider using it here, or use a generic noun. See how you handled the similar phrase in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [4:1](../04/01.md). Alternate translation: “And when any person sins, and he hears” or “And when someone sins, and he hears”
5:1 a833 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ק֣וֹל אָלָ֔ה 1 The **sound of a curse** is an idiom that refers to someone hearing a publicly spoken imprecatory curse against the perpetrator of a crime which has harmed the individual who speaks the curse (see the parallel text in [Proverbs 29:24](prov/29/24.md)). The implication of this verse is that if the individual who hears the curse against the perpetrator of the crime fails to testify against that individual in the context of the judicial system, then he must **carry his iniquity** (for this phrase, see the next note). Alternate translation: “someone pronouncing a curse against someone who has wronged them”
5:1 erm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנָשָׂ֥א עֲוֺנֽוֹ 1 The expression **he will carry his iniquity** refers to being responsible to make restitution for the guilt acquired by an individual’s wrongdoing, whether intentional or unintentional. If your language has a similar idiom, consider using it here. If not, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “then he is now responsible to make restitution for his wrongdoing”
5:2 nz0p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נֶ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע֮ 1 Although the words translated **A person** and **he** are feminine, they have a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. If your language has a generic word for an individual that is grammatically feminine, consider using it here, or use a generic noun. See how you handled the similar phrase in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [4:1](../04/01.md). Alternate translation: “when any person touches” or “when someone touches”
5:2 ix6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom טָמֵא֒ & טְמֵאָ֗ה & טְמֵאָ֔ה & טָמֵ֑א & טָמֵ֖א 1 For an object or body to be **unclean** means that it has acquired impurity through its proximity to death. In ancient Israel, this impurity was seen to pollute the holy space where Yahweh lived among the Israelites and could desecrate the sacred items that were consecrated to him. Consequently, anything impure or unclean was not allowed to enter sacred space or touch anything unclean.
5:2 kw6o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְנִבְלַ֨ת חַיָּ֜ה טְמֵאָ֗ה 1 The expression **the carcass of an unclean animal** does not refer to a specific animal. Rather, it describe the carcass of any wild animal that an Israelite might encounter. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the dead body of any unclean wild animal”
5:2 gh1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְּנִבְלַת֙ בְּהֵמָ֣ה טְמֵאָ֔ה 1 The expression **the carcass of unclean livestock** does not refer to a specific animal. Rather, it describe the carcass of any domesticated animal that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the unclean dead body of any of your domesticated animals”
5:2 tkk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְּנִבְלַ֖ת שֶׁ֣רֶץ טָמֵ֑א 1 The expression **the carcass of an unclean creeping animal** does not refer to a specific animal. Rather, it describe the carcass of any winged, swarming insect that an Israelite might encounter. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the dead body of any unclean swarming animal that you come across”
5:2 kf5s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנֶעְלַ֣ם מִמֶּ֔נּוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and he does not realize that he touched something unclean”
5:2 a2xy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאָשֵֽׁם 1 Here, to become **guilty** means both to feel the internal sense of having done wrong and to enter into a legal state of needing to make reparations for wrongdoing, whether intentional or unintentional. As the General Introduction to the chapter discusses, this kind of guilt resulted in the need for the **guilt offering**, by which a person atoned for himself and made reparation for the impurity that he brought into the sacred space by his wrongdoing. Alternate translation: “and he needs to make reparations for his wrongdoing”
5:3 kp8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns א֣וֹ כִ֤י יִגַּע֙ בְּטֻמְאַ֣ת אָדָ֔ם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **uncleanness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Or if he touches a human body in a way that makes him unclean”
5:3 dmsx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּטֻמְאַ֣ת אָדָ֔ם 1 The expression **the uncleanness of a man** uses the possessive form to refer to the uncleanness that is acquired from a human source. Alternate translation: “the uncleanness that comes from a person”
5:3 fuj0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry לְכֹל֙ טֻמְאָת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִטְמָ֖א בָּ֑הּ 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **he becomes unclean** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **uncleanness**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
5:3 twrx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לְכֹל֙ טֻמְאָת֔וֹ 1 Here, **his** refers to the **man** mentioned earlier in the verse, which itself, although masculine, has a generic sense that refers to any human being, whether living or dead. If it would helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “with regard to any uncleanness that comes from a human being, whether living or dead”
5:3 k7l9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנֶעְלַ֣ם מִמֶּ֔נּוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and he does not realize it” or “and he does not know about it”
5:4 g4f9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֶ֡פֶשׁ כִּ֣י תִשָּׁבַע֩ לְבַטֵּ֨א 1 This means to swear an oath without thinking seriously about it. It implies that after the person **swears** the oath, he either cannot fulfill it or he does not really want to fulfill it.
5:4 so0x נֶ֡פֶשׁ כִּ֣י תִשָּׁבַע֩ 1 See how you translated this similar expression in [5:2](../05/02.md). Alternate translation “when any person swears” or “when someone swears”
5:4 l73y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לְבַטֵּ֨א בִשְׂפָתַ֜יִם 1 Here, **with two lips** refers to the words that the person speaks. Alternate translation: “by speaking rashly with their words”
5:4 x743 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations לְ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְבַטֵּ֧א הָאָדָ֛ם בִּשְׁבֻעָ֖ה 1 Although the words translated **a man** is masculine, it has a generic sense that refers to any person who speaks rashly while swearing an oath. If your language has a generic word for an individual that is grammatically feminine, consider using it here, or use a generic noun. Alternate translation: “with regard to everything that a person thoughtlessly speaks in an oath”
5:4 nre6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנֶעְלַ֣ם מִמֶּ֑נּוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and he does not realize it” or “and he does not know about it”
5:4 pftx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְאַחַ֥ת מֵאֵֽלֶּה 1 The phrase **from these things** refers to the ways of sinning unintentionally, as described in [5:1–4](../05/01.md).
5:5 nt5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְאַחַ֣ת מֵאֵ֑לֶּה 1 See how you translated this expression in [5:4](../05/04.md).
5:5 zzqr rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהִ֨תְוַדָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖א עָלֶֽיהָ׃ 1 As in [4:14](../04/14.md), the phrase **regarding it** refers to the commands of Yahweh mentioned in [4:13](../04/13.md). If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “then he should confess that which he sinned with regard to the commands of Yahweh”
5:6 x2i2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהֵבִ֣יא אֶת־אֲשָׁמ֣וֹ לַיהוָ֡ה 1 Here, **his guilt** does not refer to the legal status of guilt that it did in [5:2–5](../05/02.md). Rather, it refers to the required penalty for that person’s guilt, that is, the sacrifice that will provide atonement for the individual’s guilt that he acquired by sinning unintentionally. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And he shall bring the sacrifice required to atone for his guilt to Yahweh”
5:6 twdf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהֵבִ֣יא אֶת־אֲשָׁמ֣וֹ לַיהוָ֡ה 1 Here, to **bring** the required sacrifice **to Yahweh** refers to carrying the sacrifice to the altar that is located at the entrance of the tent of meeting, as described with the other sacrificial processes in the previous chapters. Because the tent of meeting was were Yahweh lived among the Israelites, taking the offering to the altar is considered the same as bringing it directly to Yahweh himself. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And he should bring his guilt to the altar that is located at the entrance to the tent of meeting, where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
5:6 b75l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry חַטָּאתוֹ֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָטָ֜א 1 Here, words are being repeated for emphasis. See how you translated the similar phrase in [4:23](../04/23.md) and [4:28](../04/28.md).
5:6 tn5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נְקֵבָ֨ה מִן־הַצֹּ֥אן 1 The expression **a female from the flock** does not refer to a specific animal. Rather, it describes any individual sheep or goat that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a female flock animal that he owns”
5:6 go0u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הַצֹּ֥אן 1 The expression **the flock** does not refer to a specific group of animals. Rather, it describes any group of sheep or goats that an Israelite might own. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. See how you translated this expression in [1:10](../01/10.md) and [3:6](../03/06.md). Alternate translation: “from the flock of animals that he owns”
5:6 kktf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun כִּשְׂבָּ֛ה אֽוֹ־שְׂעִירַ֥ת עִזִּ֖ים 1 Here, a **lamb** or **doe of the goats** does not refer to a specific animal. Rather, it describes any individual sheep or goat that an Israelite might own. Alternate translation: “any lamb or any female goat from the goats that you own”
5:6 fj3k וְכִפֶּ֥ר עָלָ֛יו הַכֹּהֵ֖ן 1 See how you translated the similar expressions in [1:4](../01/04.md).
5:7 uz2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְאִם־לֹ֨א תַגִּ֣יע יָדוֹ֮ דֵּ֣י שֶׂה֒ 1 The expression **if his hand does not touch enough flock animals** is an idiom that refers to being unable to afford to offer one’s own flock animal or to purchase another’s flock animal. If your language has a similar idiomatic expression, consider using it here. Otherwise, if it would be helpful in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But if he is unable to offer his own flock animal or to purchase someone else’s”
5:7 llw0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns שֶׂה֒ 1 In this verse, the word **flock animal** is singular in form, but it refers to all domesticated animals that are herded as a flock, usually sheep and goats, as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “sheep or goats”
5:7 gm7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְהֵבִ֨יא אֶת־אֲשָׁמ֜וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָטָ֗א 1 The expression **his guilt that he sinned** is an abbreviated form of the similar phrase found in [5:6](../05/06.md) and leaves out some words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. If it would be helpful, you could supply the missing words from 5:6. Alternate translation: “then he should bring his guilt for his sin that he sinned”
5:7 ugl5 וְהֵבִ֨יא אֶת־אֲשָׁמ֜וֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [5:6](../05/06.md).
5:7 tgyj תֹרִ֛ים & בְנֵֽי־יוֹנָ֖ה 1 See how you translated these terms in [1:14](../01/14.md).
5:7 ilhy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶחָ֥ד & וְאֶחָ֥ד 1 The word translated **one** does not refer to a single bird but to one of the two kinds of birds prescribed by the verse. If this would not be clear in your language, consider making the meaning plain. Alternate translation: “two of the birds....and the other two birds”
5:7 f37p לְחַטָּ֖את & לְעֹלָֽה 1 See how you translated these terms in [1:3](../01/03.md) and [4:3](../04/03.md).
5:8 yeet וְהִקְרִ֛יב 1 In this verse and the next, **he** refers to the priest. If this is unclear in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “and the priest should present”
5:8 bz85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִמּ֥וּל עָרְפּ֖וֹ 1 The expression **from the back of its neck** refers to the nape of the neck. The priest was instructed to take hold of this location on the bird, and twist, such that the bird was killed, but the head was not removed completely. If your language has a term for this part of a bird’s body, consider using it here. Alternate translation: “from the nape of the bird’s neck”
5:10 t4n3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט 1 The phrase **according to the regulation** refers to the commandments and instructions of Yahweh given to the people of Israel, likely the regulations for burnt offerings that Yahweh gave in Lev 1. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “according to the instructions and commands that Yahweh gave to the people of Israel”
5:10 xgmn rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְכִפֶּ֨ר עָלָ֧יו הַכֹּהֵ֛ן מֵחַטָּאת֥וֹ אֲשֶׁר־חָטָ֖א וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ׃ס 1 Here, the words **him**, **his**, and **he** refer not to the priest, but to the individual who acquired guilt by sinning in the ways described in [5:1–4](../05/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall make atonement for the individual from his sin that he sinned, and it will be forgiven to that individual”
5:10 v199 וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:20](../04/20.md).
5:11 l7oh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְאִם־לֹא֩ תַשִּׂ֨יג יָד֜וֹ לִשְׁתֵּ֣י תֹרִ֗ים אוֹ֮ לִשְׁנֵ֣י בְנֵי־יוֹנָה֒ 1 Like the similar expression in [5:7](../04/26.md), the phrase **if his hand does not reach two turtledoves or two sons of a pigeon** is an idiom that refers to being unable to afford to purchase one of these kinds of birds for a sacrifice. If your language has a similar idiomatic expression, consider using it here. Otherwise, if it would be helpful in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But if he is unable to purchase two turtledoves or two sons of a pigeon for himself”
5:11 suid תֹרִ֗ים & בְנֵי־יוֹנָה֒ 1 See how you translated these terms in [1:14](../01/14.md).
5:11 id4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְהֵבִ֨יא אֶת־קָרְבָּנ֜וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָטָ֗א 1 As in [5:7](../05/07.md), the expression **his offering that he sinned** is an abbreviated form of the similar phrase found in [5:6](../05/06.md) and leaves out some words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. If it would be helpful, you could supply the missing words from 5:6. Alternate translation: “then he should bring his offering for his sin that he sinned”
5:11 cq1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume עֲשִׂירִ֧ת הָאֵפָ֛ה סֹ֖לֶת 1 An **ephah** is an ancient measurement of volume equivalent to approximately 22.8 liters. Consequently, a **tenth of an ephah** is a little more than two liters. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the equivalent modern measurement in your translation or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “about two liters of flour”
5:11 opzs rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֥י חַטָּ֖את הִֽיא 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation, with a period preceeding: “This is because it is a purification offering”
5:12 hn99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וֶהֱבִיאָהּ֮ 1 Here, **it** refers to the tenth of an ephah of flour mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And he should bring the tenth of an ephah of flour”
5:12 f7f8 וְקָמַ֣ץ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן ׀ מִ֠מֶּנָּה מְל֨וֹא קֻמְצ֜וֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:2](../02/02.md).
5:12 vzu4 וְהִקְטִ֣יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “And the priest should burn it on the altar and cause it to become smoke and ascend toward God in heaven”
5:13 o7ad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַל־חַטָּאת֧וֹ אֲשֶׁר־חָטָ֛א מֵֽאַחַ֥ת מֵאֵ֖לֶּה 1 The expression **from one from these** refers to the commandments of Yahweh that the individual sinned and violated in the ways described in [5:1–4](../05/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “for his sin that he sinned with regard to one of these ways of violating God’s commandments that pertain to ways a person can unintentionally become guilty”
5:13 vf2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry עַל־חַטָּאת֧וֹ אֲשֶׁר־חָטָ֛א 1 See how you translated these poetically repeated terms in [4:27](../04/27.md), [4:35](../04/35.md), and the similar expression in [5:6](../05/06.md).
5:13 zpm8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֣ח ל֑וֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:20](../04/20.md).
5:13 jpzd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהָיְתָ֥ה לַכֹּהֵ֖ן 1 The expression **it will be for the priest** means that the portion of the tenth of an ephah of flour that is not burned as part of the memorial portion (as described in [5:12](../05/12.md)) should belong to the priest as food. He receives it after performing the sacrifice, just as is the case with the portion of the **grain offering** that is not burnt as part of the memorial portion. Alternate translation: “And the remaining portion of the flour that is not burned as part of the memorial portion should belong to the priest as food”
5:14 ymzk rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
5:15 at39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations נֶ֚פֶשׁ כִּֽי־ תִמְעֹ֣ל 1 As in [5:1](../05/01.md) and [5:2](../05/02.md), although the words translated **A person** and **he** are feminine, they have a generic sense that refers to any person who approaches the tent to make a sacrifice. If your language has a generic word for an individual that is grammatically feminine, consider using it here, or use a generic noun. See how you handled the similar phrase in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [4:1](../04/01.md). Alternate translation: “When any person trespasses” or “When someone trespasses”
5:15 sst7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry תִמְעֹ֣ל מַ֔עַל 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **he trespasses** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **trespass**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
5:15 peon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְחָֽטְאָה֙ בִּשְׁגָגָ֔ה מִקָּדְשֵׁ֖י יְהוָ֑ה 1 The expression **sins by mistake from the holy things of Yahweh** means to accidentally violate God’s commands regarding the proper treatment of the sacred space and the sacred objects related to the worship of Yahweh. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and he sins by mistake with regard to the sacred space and the sacred objects consecrated to Yahweh”
5:15 mcd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְחָֽטְאָה֙ בִּשְׁגָגָ֔ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:2](../04/02.md) and [4:27](../04/27.md).
5:15 vtk9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהֵבִיא֩ אֶת־אֲשָׁמ֨וֹ לַֽיהוָ֜ה 1 Here, to **bring** the required sacrifice **to Yahweh** refers to carrying the sacrifice to the altar that is located at the entrance of the tent of meeting, as described with the other sacrificial processes in the previous chapters. Because the tent of meeting was were Yahweh lived among the Israelites, taking the offering to the altar is considered the same as bringing it directly to Yahweh himself. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “then he should bring his guilt to the altar that is located at the entrance to the tent of meeting, where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
5:15 yhj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהֵבִיא֩ אֶת־אֲשָׁמ֨וֹ 1 As in [5:6](../05/06.md) and [5:7](../05/07.md), here, **his guilt** does not refer to the legal status of guilt but to the required penalty for that person’s guilt, that is, the sacrifice that will provide atonement for the individual’s guilt that he acquired by sinning unintentionally. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “then he shall bring the sacrifice required to make restitution for his guilt”
5:15 sx6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תָּמִ֣ים 1 See how you translated this term in [1:3](../01/03.md).
5:15 gfnv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הַצֹּ֗אן 1 See how you translated this expression in [5:6](../05/06.md).
5:15 cjex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֶרְכְּךָ֛ 1 The expression **in your valuation** refers to the process of determining (through the use of weights) the monetary value of the ram described in this verse, using the **the shekel of the holy place** as a base measurement. If it would be clearer in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate translation: “with your assessment of the value of the ram in silver”
5:15 hf2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd בְּעֶרְכְּךָ֛ 1 Even though Yahweh is speaking to a group of people, **you** is singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
5:15 nwrl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney בְּעֶרְכְּךָ֛ כֶּֽסֶף־שְׁקָלִ֥ים בְּשֶֽׁקֶל־הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ 1 The **silver shekels** that were used in **the holy place** were an ancient measurement of the weight of silver that functioned as currency, equivalent to approximately 10 grams or two-fifths of an ounce of silver. You could try to express this amount in terms of the current monetary value of silver, but that might cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate since those values can change over time. Instead, consider using a generic phrase. Alternate translation: “in your valuation, the standard weight of silver that is used in the holy place”
5:15 rptx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ 1 The **holy place** is another way of saying the precincts of the sacred tent where Yahweh lived among the Israelites. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the holy space of the sacred tent where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
5:15 ozia rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְאָשָֽׁם 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, the **guilt offering** was a special kind of sacrifice that made restitution for the desecrated object that was was mishandled by the individual who sinned unintentionally with regard to the sacred objects consecrated to Yahweh.
5:16 gao6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר֩ חָטָ֨א מִן־הַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ יְשַׁלֵּ֗ם 1 The expression **he shall restore** does not mean that the guilty individual must physically replace the desecrated object in the sacred tent. Rather, the expression **he shall restore** refers to the process of bringing the monetary value of the object in silver (in addition to one-fifth of its value) to the priest as part of the sacrifice. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “And he should make restitution for that which he which he sinned”
5:16 rlc3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר֩ חָטָ֨א 1 The expression **that which he sinned** refers to the specific sacred object that the person desecrated, having mishandled it according to the commandments of Yahweh regarding the proper treatment of sacred objects. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “And the item that he desecrated by mishandling it and therefore sinned”
5:16 zf4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִן־הַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ 1 The expression **from the holy thing** refers to the sacred items that are consecrated to Yahweh for special use in the sacred tent. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “regarding the sacred items that are consecrated to Yahweh”
5:16 nl4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאֶת־חֲמִֽישִׁתוֹ֙ יוֹסֵ֣ף עָלָ֔יו 1 Here, **it** refers to **that which he sinned**. However, the expressions **a fifth of it** and **he shall add to it** do not refer to the addition of a physical portion of the sacred object. Rather, here **it** refers to the item’s monetary value. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and a fifth of the value of the sacred object he shall add to the value of that object”
5:16 g15p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction חֲמִֽישִׁתוֹ֙ 1 The **fifth** is one part out of five equal parts.
5:16 yvax rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְנָתַ֥ן אֹת֖וֹ 1 Here **it** refers to the monetary sum of the value of the sacred item plus **a fifth of it**, resulting in 120% of the value of the original item. Alternate translation, in a new sentence: “And he should bring the value of the sacred object, plus a fifth of its value,”
5:16 c3af rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהַכֹּהֵ֗ן יְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָ֛יו 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:4](../05/06.md).
5:16 geu2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּאֵ֥יל הָאָשָׁ֖ם 1 Here, the expression **the ram of the guilt offering** uses the possessive form to describe a **ram** that is characterized by its use as a **guilt offering**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could state the meaning generically. Alternate translation: “with the ram that the individual is offering as a guilt offering”
5:16 c61p וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:20](../04/20.md).
5:17 r03h וְאִם־נֶ֨פֶשׁ֙ כִּ֣י תֶֽחֱטָ֔א 1 See how you handled the similar expression in [5:1](../05/01.md), [5:2](../05/02.md), and [5:14](../05/14.md). Alternate translation: “And when anyone sins” or “And when someone sins”
5:17 aht3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְעָֽשְׂתָ֗ה אַחַת֙ מִכָּל־מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֣א תֵעָשֶׂ֑ינָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:22](../04/22.md).
5:18 vzbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry עַ֣ל שִׁגְגָת֧וֹ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁגָ֛ג 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **he mistook** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **mistake**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. If not, consider using a generic expression: “for his unintentional mistake”
5:18 w9fo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְה֥וּא לֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע 1 This phrase is a parenthetical aside that functions to provide essential background information for the current thought. That the individual **himself did not know** clarifies that he has unintentionally done wrong without knowing it, as opposed to flagrantly defying Yahweh’s commandments (that is, the “sin with a high hand”).
5:18 t3jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֽוֹ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:20](../04/20.md).
5:19 uez7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָשָׁ֖ם 1 See how you translated this term in [5:15](../05/15.md).
5:19 sa8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication אָשֹׁ֥ם אָשַׁ֖ם לַיהוָֽה 1 The words **he is surely guilty** translate a verb that is repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh certainly considers him guilty”
6:intro yt3w Missing General Notes 0 # Leviticus 6 General Notes
6:1 fi2o rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
6:2 gp5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations נֶ֚פֶשׁ כִּ֣י תֶחֱטָ֔א וּמָעֲלָ֥ה מַ֖עַל 1 See how you translated the similar generic use of feminine pronouns in [2:1](../02/01.md).
6:2 s69l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וּמָעֲלָ֥ה מַ֖עַל 1 See how you translated the similar expression using repeated words in [5:15](../05/15.md).
6:2 visv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְכִחֵ֨שׁ בַּעֲמִית֜וֹ 1 As with the feminine pronouns, the words **he** and **his** refer generally to any Israelite. If the switch from feminine pronouns to masculine would be confusing in your language, consider using a generic word for a person. Alternate translation: “and that person denies his fellow citizen”
6:2 hezk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְכִחֵ֨שׁ בַּעֲמִית֜וֹ 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, in the context of [6:2–3](../06/02.md), the expression **denies his fellow citizen** is an idiom that refers to the actions whereby someone swears a socially-binding oath with a member of their family or clan and commits himself or herself to certain actions regarding the other person, but afterward fails to behave in accordance with the stipulations of the oath. This could be done by stealing from the other individual, extorting from them wages or any owed money, finding something that belongs to the other individual but failing to return it, or any other way of proving that the original oath was taken without intent to abide by it honestly. If the idiom here does not communicate this meaning in your language, consider using a more general expression. Alternate translation: “and he acts in such a way that breaks an oath that he made with his fellow citizen”
6:2 jfwm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּעֲמִית֜וֹ 1 Here, a **fellow citizen** does not refer to “citizens” in a modern sense. Rather the expression refers to another Israelite, probably a direct member of an individual’s immediate or extended family or wider clan network. If the term **citizen** would be misleading in your language, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “a member of his immediate or extended family or clan”
6:2 k1zm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּפִקָּד֗וֹן 1 This **deposit** refers to either (1) a monetary down payment that served to guarantee the full payment of a larger amount. Alternate translation: “with a down payment on a larger owed sum” or (2) an item that was given from one individual to another for safekeeping. Alternate translation: “with an item given to him for safekeeping”
6:2 vren rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֽוֹ־בִתְשׂ֤וּמֶת יָד֙ 1 The expression **a pledge of a hand** refers to a physical item that is given from one member of a community to another. This item would commit the individual who received it to carry out the stipulations of the oath. Alternate translation: “or with a physical item that serves as a reminder of the terms of the oath made between them”
6:2 grkn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns א֣וֹ בְגָזֵ֔ל 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **robbery**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “or by robbing him”
6:2 d182 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit א֖וֹ עָשַׁ֥ק אֶת־עֲמִיתֽוֹ 1 Here, to **extort** a **fellow citizen** refers to an employer refusing to pay an employee his or her wages or one member of a party willfully withholding a previously agreed-upon amount of money from the other. If this is not clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “or he refuses to pay his employees or intentionally withholds money that he agreed to pay to his fellow citizen”
6:3 f043 וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ע עַל־שָׁ֑קֶר עַל־אַחַ֗ת מִכֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה הָאָדָ֖ם לַחֲטֹ֥א בָהֵֽנָּה 1 Alternate translation: “and he swears on a lie in any of the ways people act and consequently sin”
6:3 shnb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ע עַל־שָׁ֑קֶר 1 The expression **swears on a lie** is an idiom that refers to taking an oath with another person deceitfully, that is, with the intention not to carry out the required actions of the oath. Alternate translation: “or he swears without the intention to fulfill the conditions of the oath, and so, swears deceitfully”
6:3 zsj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ע 1 The expression **he swears** does not refer to the use of profanity or taboo language. Rather, it refers to taking an oath with another person that publicly binds an individual to particular actions. If this meaning is not clear in your language or if the use of the expression **he swears** would be confusing, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “or he makes an oath with another Israelite”
6:4 k9s7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־יֶחֱטָ֣א וְאָשֵׁם֒ 1 The expression **when he sins** refers to committing any of the wrongdoings regarding taking an oath with a fellow Israelite described in [6:2–3](../06/02.md). If this would not be clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when he sins in any of the ways just described and so becomes guilty”
6:4 esh5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאָשֵׁם֒ 1 See how you translated this expression in [5:2](../05/02.md) and throughout the previous chapter.
6:4 otmd rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry אֶת־הַגְּזֵלָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר גָּזָ֗ל 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **he robbed** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **robbery**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. If not, consider using a generic expression: “whatever he stole”
6:4 ge0n rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry א֤וֹ אֶת־הָעֹ֨שֶׁק֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׁ֔ק 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **he extorted** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **extortion**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. If not, consider using a generic expression: “or whatever money he refused to pay”
6:4 d32h rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry אֶת־ הַפִּקָּד֔וֹן אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָפְקַ֖ד אִתּ֑וֹ 1 Here, a verb and its object come from the same root. The phrase **was deposited** translates a verb that is related to the noun translated **deposit**. The repetition of related words adds emphasis to the statement. If your language can repeat words for emphasis and your language has comparable terms that you can use in your own translation, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. If not, consider using a generic expression: “whatever was deposited with him”
6:4 eja8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָפְקַ֖ד אִתּ֑וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that his fellow citizen deposited with him”
6:5 pux9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יִשָּׁבַ֣ע עָלָיו֮ לַשֶּׁקֶר֒ 1 See how you translated the similar idiom in [6:3](../06/03.md).
6:5 sv3s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּרֹאשׁ֔וֹ 1 The expression **in its head** is an emphatic idiom that refers to doing something totally or completely. In this context, it connotes repaying the entire amount of the monetary value of whatever the individual has stolen, extorted, or withheld from his fellow Israelite. If your language has a similar idiom, consider using it here. Alternate translation: “completely” or “in full”
6:5 dmrd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשִׁלַּ֤ם אֹתוֹ֙ 1 The expression **he will restore it** refers to paying back the monetary value of whatever the individual stole, extorted, or withheld from his fellow Israelite. If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “then he should repay the value of whatever he has stolen, extorted, or withheld from his fellow Israelite”
6:5 vi6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וַחֲמִשִׁתָ֖יו יֹסֵ֣ף עָלָ֑יו 1 Here, **it** refers to the monetary value of what the individual owes. See how you translated this in [5:16](../05/16.md).
6:5 ilm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִתְּנֶ֖נּוּ 1 Here, **it** refers to the full monetary value of what the individual owes plus the additional fifth that the law requires. Alternate translation: “he should give the full monetary amount of what is owed plus the required extra fifth”
6:5 csvs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּי֥וֹם אַשְׁמָתֽוֹ 1 Here, the expression **on the day of his guilt** uses the possessive form to describe any **day** that is characterized by the onset of **guilt**, both in the sense of the internal feeling of having committed wrongdoing and in the legal sense of needing to provide restitution for that wrongdoing. Alternate translation: “whenever he realizes that he is guilty”
6:5 szar rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּי֥וֹם אַשְׁמָתֽוֹ 1 Here, the abstract noun **guilt** does not refer to the guilt offering to which the same expression in [5:6](../05/06.md) and elsewhere in the previous chapter referred. Rather, it refers to both the internal sense of having committed wrongdoing and the legal state of needing to provide reparations for that wrongdoing, whether intentional or unintentional, in the same sense as the expression that you encountered in [6:4](../06/04.md). If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “on the day that he becomes guilty”
6:6 v5ja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־אֲשָׁמ֥וֹ יָבִ֖יא לַיהוָ֑ה 1 As in [5:6](../05/06.md), here, **his guilt** does not refer to the legal status of guilt or to the feeling of having committed wrongdoing, but to the required penalty for that person’s guilt, that is, the sacrifice that will provide atonement for the individual’s guilt that he acquired by sinning unintentionally. If it would be clearer in your language, consider making the meaning plain. Alternate translation: “And he should bring the sacrifice required to make restitution for his guilt to Yahweh”
6:7 mnh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה 1 See how you translated this expression in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” or “in the precincts of the sacred tent where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
6:7 n4ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְנִסְלַ֣ח ל֑וֹ 1 Here, **him** refers to the individual offering the sacrifice, not to the priest. If this is not clear in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “and it will be forgiven to the individual who offers the sacrifice”
6:7 ixwy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֣ח ל֑וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will forgive him”
6:7 wgkg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַל־אַחַ֛ת מִכֹּ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה לְאַשְׁמָ֥ה בָֽהּ 1 In the phrase **all that he does to his guilt**, the abstract noun **guilt** is not the indirect object of the verb **does**, but its result or consequence. In other words, the person’s **guilt** comes as a result of something that they have done. If it would be clearer in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “concerning one thing from all that he does and becomes guilty by doing it”
6:7 eclt rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מִכֹּ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה לְאַשְׁמָ֥ה 1 Here, the words **he** and **his** do not refer to a specific person, but generally to anyone who does something that causes him to acquire legal guilt. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “from all that any individual might do to his guilt” or “from everything that someone could do to his guilt”
6:8 kaur rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
6:8-9 zk2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵּאמֹֽר & צַ֤ו אֶֽת־אַהֲרֹן֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֣יו לֵאמֹ֔ר 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He told Moses to command Aaron and his sons”
6:9 hck7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶֽת־אַהֲרֹן֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֣יו 1 As in [2:2](../02/02.md), at the time when Yahweh spoke to Moses from the tent of meeting, **Aaron** and *his sons** constituted the priesthood. But these instructions also applied to future generations, when the term “sons” would be a way of referring to the priests as Aaron's “descendants.” If it would be clearer in your language, you could use that term, which would apply to both the original priests and to their successors. Alternate translation: “Aaron and to his descendants”
6:9 hxc2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹ֔ר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
6:9 eo2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תּוֹרַ֖ת הָעֹלָ֑ה 1 Here, the expression **the instruction of the burnt offering** uses the possessive form to describe **instruction** that is characterized by the fact that it concerns **the burnt offering**. Alternate translation: “the instruction regarding how the priest should perform the burnt offering”
6:9 cs53 הִ֣וא הָעֹלָ֡ה עַל֩ מוֹקְדָ֨ה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֤חַ 1 Alternate translation: “It is a burnt offering, on the hearth, on the altar”
6:9 jopw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown עַל֩ מוֹקְדָ֨ה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֤חַ 1 The **hearth** of **the altar** refers to the flat top of the altar where the sacrifices would be placed on top of burning coals or wood. As such, the expression **on the hearth** and **on the altar** mean basically the same thing. The second expression emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “on the top of the altar where the burning wood and coals are”
6:9 a961 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאֵ֥שׁ הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ תּ֥וּקַד בּֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the priests should keep the fire of the altar burning”
6:9 kjwz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְאֵ֥שׁ הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ 1 Here, the expression **the fire of the altar** uses the possessive form to describe **fire** that is characterized by its location on **altar**. Alternate translation: “the fire that is on top of the altar”
6:10 ko21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִדּ֣וֹ בַ֗ד 1 This **linen robe** is described in [Exodus 28:1–5](exod/28/01.md) and [Exod 28:31–35](exod/28/31.md). It was a blue linen robe made of one piece of fabric, covered in a design of blue, purple, and scarlet pomegranates and included gold bells on the hem. If your language has a term for a special outer garment, especially in religious contexts, consider using it here.
6:10 fpgc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַ֗ד & בַד֮ 1 This **linen** is a flax-based textile made from fibers derived from the stems of the flax plant. If your language does not have a word for this kind of fabric, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “fine fabric … fine fabric"
6:10 wc6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּמִֽכְנְסֵי־ בַד֮ 1 These **undergarments of linen** are described in [Exodus 28:1–5](exod/28/01.md) and [Exod 28:42–43](exod/28/43.md). Covering the priest from the waist to the thigh, they were required whenever the priest entered the tent of meeting or approached the altar to perform a sacrifice. If your language has a word for special undergarments that a person might wear in religious contexts, consider using it here. Alternate translation: “and his ceremonial linen underwear”
6:10 tfzo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יִלְבַּ֣שׁ עַל־בְּשָׂרוֹ֒ 1 Here, **flesh** is either (1) an idiomatic expression for bare skin. Alternate translation: “he should wear directly on his skin” or 2) a euphemism for male genitals. Alternate translation: “he should wear in order to cover his genitals”
6:10 m875 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאכַ֥ל הָאֵ֛שׁ אֶת־ הָעֹלָ֖ה עַל־ הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 The author of Leviticus uses the image of **the fire** consuming or eating **the burnt offering** to refer to the process that the sacrifice undergoes as the fire burns it until it is **fatty ash**. If your language has a similar idiom used to describe fire that completely burns something, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “where the fire has completely burned the burnt offerings on the altar so that they are now nothing but ash”
6:10 m85x rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְשָׂמ֕וֹ 1 Here, **it** refers to the **fatty ash** that has accumulated on the altar. If this is unclear in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “and he should put the fatty ash that has accumulated on the altar**
6:11 hr24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־בְּגָדָ֔יו 1 Here, **his clothes** refers to the linen robe and the linen undergarments described in the previous verse. If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his linen robe and undergarments”
6:11 ggt0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּגָדִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים 1 Here, **other clothes** refers to common, everyday clothing that the priest owns that could be used for removing the ash to the clean place without the danger of making something sacred, like his special linen clothing, become desecrated and common. Alternate translation: “other, everyday, common clothing”
6:11 kazg אֶל־מִח֣וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה אֶל־מָק֖וֹם טָהֽוֹר 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [4:12](../04/12.md).
6:12 w5lh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָאֵ֨שׁ עַל־ הַמִּזְבֵּ֤חַ תּֽוּקַד־ בּוֹ֙ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [6:9](../06/09.md).
6:12 z80u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֑קֶר 1 The repetition of the phrase **in the morning** is an emphatic way to say “every morning.” If your language also uses repetition for emphasis in this way, consider doing so here. If not, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “every morning” or “morning by morning”
6:12 xjsb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns עָלֶ֧יהָ & עָלֶ֨יהָ֙ & עָלֶ֖יהָ 1 Here, **it** refers to **the fire on the altar**. Alternate translation: “on the fire that is on the altar ... on that same fire ... on the altar’s fire”
6:12 jp9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חֶלְבֵ֥י הַשְּׁלָמִֽים 1 The **fat of the peace offerings** refers to the portions of fat described in [3:3–4](../03/03.md) and elsewhere in chapter 3. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “the fat portions that are required for the peace offerings, including the fat covering the innards, all the fat that is on the innards, the two kidneys and the fat that is on them that is by the loins, and the lobe on the liver”
6:13 j84c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֵ֗שׁ תָּמִ֛יד תּוּקַ֥ד עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [6:9](../06/09.md).
6:14 xwgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְזֹ֥את תּוֹרַ֖ת הַמִּנְחָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [6:9](../06/09.md). Alternate translation: “And this is the instruction regarding how the priest should perform the grain offering”
6:14 nch7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵֽי־אַהֲרֹן֙ 1 See how you translated this expression in [1:5](../01/05.md).
6:14 k3r1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 See how you translated this expression in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “in the precinct of the sacred tent where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
6:14 os48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶל־פְּנֵ֖י הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 The expression **toward the face of the altar** is a prepositional idiom that refers to the space in front of the front side of the altar. Alternate translation: “before the altar” or “in the space in front of the altar”
6:15 zrxr rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְהֵרִ֨ים מִמֶּ֜נּוּ 1 Here, **he** refers to the priest who is offering the grain offering. If it be helpful in your language, consider making the reference explicit. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall raise up from it”
6:15 vkkx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִסֹּ֤לֶת 1 See how you translated this term in [2:1](../02/01.md).
6:15 yu8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֣יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֗חַ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “And he will cause everything to become smoke on the altar and ascend toward God in heaven”
6:15 cs5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֵ֧יחַ נִיחֹ֛חַ & לַיהוָֽה 1 See how you translated these expressions in [1:9](../01/09.md).
6:16 vytc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַהֲרֹ֣ן וּבָנָ֑יו 1 See how you translated the similar way of referring to the priests in [2:2](../02/02.md).
6:16 l34o rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-parallelism מַצּ֤וֹת תֵּֽאָכֵל֙ בְּמָק֣וֹם קָדֹ֔שׁ בַּחֲצַ֥ר אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֖ד יֹאכְלֽוּהָ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Unleavened bread should be eaten in a holy place. Yes, the priests should it eat it in the courtyard of the tent of meeting”
6:16 yl98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מַצּ֤וֹת תֵּֽאָכֵל֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They shall eat the unleavened bread”
6:17 scb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֤א תֵאָפֶה֙ חָמֵ֔ץ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not bake it with leaven”
6:17 p4ar rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns חֶלְקָ֛ם נָתַ֥תִּי אֹתָ֖הּ 1 Here, **Their** refers to Aaron and his sons, mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “I have given the portion belonging to Aaron and his sons to them”
6:17 sw40 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חֶלְקָ֛ם נָתַ֥תִּי אֹתָ֖הּ מֵאִשָּׁ֑י 1 The phrase **Their portion** refers to the portion of the grain offering that remains after the memorial portion has been lifted out and burned. This remaining portion was to be reserved for the priests to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “From all my gifts, I have given to the priests for food the portion of the grain offering that is left over after the memorial portion is burned”
6:17 rvti rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קֹ֤דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁים֙ הִ֔וא 1 See how you translated this expression in [2:3](../02/03.md).
6:17 k5hu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כַּחַטָּ֖את 1 See how you translated this term in [4:3](../04/03.md).
6:17 vnhv c://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְכָאָשָֽׁם 1 See how you translated this term in [5:15](../05/15.md).
6:18 imdc כָּל־זָכָ֞ר בִּבְנֵ֤י אַהֲרֹן֙ יֹֽאכֲלֶ֔נָּה 1 Alternate translation: “Every male among the sons of Aaron is permitted to eat it” or “Every male among the sons of Aaron may eat it”
6:18 n55t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֵאִשֵּׁ֖י יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the similar possessive form in [2:3](../02/03.md).
6:18 n43x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־ יִגַּ֥ע בָּהֶ֖ם יִקְדָּֽשׁ 1 This could mean: (1) any object or person that touches the portion of the offering reserved for the priests’ food becomes as holy as the portion itself. Alternate translation: “Anyone or anything that touches them becomes holy” (2) any person who touches this offering must be someone set apart for handling sacred items, that is, the priests alone. Alternate translation: “Anyone who touches them must be holy themselves”
6:19 sx4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
6:20 m3en rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry קָרְבַּן֩ & יַקְרִ֣יבוּ 1 See how you translated the emphatic repetition of these words in [1:2](../01/02.md).
6:20 gu1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַהֲרֹ֨ן וּבָנָ֜יו 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:3](../02/03.md).
6:20 skd2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּיוֹם֙ הִמָּשַׁ֣ח אֹת֔וֹ 1 The expression **the day of his being anointed** implies that **Aaron and his sons** are anointed in order to become priests. If it would be helpful in your language, consider providing this implied information. Alternate translation: “on the day of his being anointed to serve as a priest”
6:20 utnw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בְּיוֹם֙ הִמָּשַׁ֣ח אֹת֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on the day when the high priest anoints a son of Aaron to become a priest”
6:20 x202 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns בְּיוֹם֙ הִמָּשַׁ֣ח אֹת֔וֹ 1 Here, **his** refers in a general way to any individual male descendent of **Aaron** who will be anointed to be a priest. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “on the day of the anointing of any of the sons of Aaron”
6:20 ja5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume עֲשִׂירִ֨ת הָאֵפָ֥ה סֹ֛לֶת 1 An **ephah** is an ancient measurement of volume equivalent to approximately 22.8 liters. Consequently, a **tenth of an ephah** is a little more than two liters. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the equivalent modern measurement in your translation or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “about two liters of flour”
6:20 yptr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מַחֲצִיתָ֣הּ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וּמַחֲצִיתָ֖הּ בָּעָֽרֶב 1 This expression leaves out some words that may be essential for understanding in some languages. The phrase refers to a requirement to bring **half** of the prescribed grain offering in the first half of the day, and the other half later on, in the second half of the day. If it would be helpful in your language, consider starting a new sentence here. Alternate translation, with a period before: “The priest should bring half of the grain offering in the morning and the other half in the evening”
6:21 kkw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive עַֽל־מַחֲבַ֗ת בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶן תֵּעָשֶׂ֖ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The priest should prepare it in oil on a griddle”
6:21 w6vv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַֽל־מַחֲבַ֗ת בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶן תֵּעָשֶׂ֖ה 1 This expression refers to a method of cooking flour that has been mixed with oil similar to modern-day pan-frying. The batter, comprised of wheat flour and oil, is placed on a hot, flat surface that has been coated with a generous amount of olive oil. If your language has a word for this method of cooking, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “It should be pan-fried in olive oil on a griddle ”
6:21 r8ne rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown עַֽל־ מַחֲבַ֗ת 1 See how you translated this term in [2:5](../02/05.md).
6:21 j4wr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֻרְבֶּ֣כֶת 1 The word translated **Mixed** refers to either (1) the flour and oil being “well-mixed” or “kneaded.” Alternate translation: “You should bring it well kneaded” or (2) the flour being “well soaked” with oil. Alternate translation: “You should bring it thoroughly soaked with oil”
6:21 u6mp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תְּבִיאֶ֑נָּה & תַּקְרִ֥יב 1 As the General Introduction to the book of Leviticus discusses, the book often speaks of the Israelites and to the Israelites in the third person, even in a direct address. However, as the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, here and throughout the rest of the chapter, the author of Leviticus switches to a second-person address. If you have been using third-person pronouns since chapter 4, and the sudden switch to second-person would be confusing in your language, consider continuing to use the third-person in your translation. Alternate translation: “he should bring it … he should present”
6:22 ciwr וְהַכֹּהֵ֨ן הַמָּשִׁ֧יחַ תַּחְתָּ֛יו מִבָּנָ֖יו יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה אֹתָ֑הּ 1 Here, **it** refers to the unique grain offering required on the day of the priest’s anointing for the priesthood, as described in [6:19–20](../06/19.md). If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “And the anointed priest under him from his sons should prepare this particular grain offering”
6:22 o4t3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְהַכֹּהֵ֨ן הַמָּשִׁ֧יחַ תַּחְתָּ֛יו 1 The expression **the anointed priest under him** refers to the priest from among the descendants of the current high priest who has been appointed by the symbolic action of being anointed to be the next high priest. If your language has a similar idiom to express succession, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “And the anointed priest who will succeed him”
6:22 mihg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְהַכֹּהֵ֨ן הַמָּשִׁ֧יחַ 1 See how you translated this way of referring to the high priest in [4:3](../04/03.md).
6:22 qs7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לַיהוָ֖ה כָּלִ֥יל תָּקְטָֽר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. To formulate this sentence with an active form, see how you translated the expression in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “the priests should burn the whole offering and so cause it to become smoke on the altar and ascend towards Yahweh in heaven”
6:23 lhn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְכָל־מִנְחַ֥ת כֹּהֵ֛ן כָּלִ֥יל תִּהְיֶ֖ה 1 This phrase instructs the priests to remember to offer this particular grain offering in its entirety, as opposed to the normal grain offerings, where the priest only burned the portion that he lifted out with a handful or the pieces that he chose to crumbled up on the altar. In these cases, the rest of the grain offering was permitted to be kept by the priest for food. Alternate translation: “As opposed to normal grain offerings, remember, this special grain offering that a priest offers when the high priest anoints him to become a priest should be offered on the altar in its entirety”
6:23 v7ac rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א תֵאָכֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one should eat this special grain offering that a priest offers when the high priest anoints him to become a priest”
6:24 iwut rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
6:24-25 jr62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵּאמֹֽר & דַּבֵּ֤ר אֶֽל־ אַהֲרֹן֙ וְאֶל־ בָּנָ֣יו לֵאמֹ֔ר 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He told Moses to say to Aaron and his sons”
6:25 xb9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹ֔ר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
6:25 m73v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תּוֹרַ֖ת הַֽחַטָּ֑את 1 As is the case with the similar expression in [6:9](../06/09.md), the expression **the instruction of the purification offering** uses the possessive form to describe **instruction** that is characterized by the fact that it regards **the purification offering**. Alternate translation: “is the instruction concerning how a priest should perform the purification offering”
6:25 e32d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בִּמְק֡וֹם אֲשֶׁר֩ תִּשָּׁחֵ֨ט הָעֹלָ֜ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “in the place where people slaughter the burnt offering”
6:25 pld6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense בִּמְק֡וֹם אֲשֶׁר֩ תִּשָּׁחֵ֨ט הָעֹלָ֜ה 1 Here, the author of Leviticus does not use the present tense to describe contemporaneous or ongoing action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual is preparing this specific sacrifice. Rather, the present tense is being used both to describe the action that was previously described in the book of Leviticus and to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to specific past action. Alternate translation: “in the same location where the burnt offering would normally be slaughtered”
6:25 zni8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תִּשָּׁחֵ֤ט הַֽחַטָּאת֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people should also slaughter the purification offering”
6:25 grig rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:5](../01/05.md).
6:25 g8qn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים הִֽוא 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:3](../02/03.md).
6:26 eaw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בְּמָק֤וֹם קָדֹשׁ֙ תֵּֽאָכֵ֔ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He shall eat it in a holy place”
6:27 is2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־ יִגַּ֥ע בִּבְשָׂרָ֖הּ יִקְדָּ֑שׁ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [6:18](../06/18.md).
6:27 hsg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בִּבְשָׂרָ֖הּ 1 Here, the expression **its flesh** refers to the meat of the purification offering. Alternate translation: “the meat of the purification offering that is not burned completely on the altar”
6:27 sjth וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִזֶּ֤ה מִדָּמָהּ֙ עַל־הַבֶּ֔גֶד אֲשֶׁר֙ יִזֶּ֣ה עָלֶ֔יהָ תְּכַבֵּ֖ס בְּמָק֥וֹם קָדֹֽשׁ 1 Alternate translation: “And whoever sprinkles some of its blood on any clothing should wash the places where the blood was sprinkled on the clothing in a holy place”
6:27 rd0i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִזֶּ֤ה מִדָּמָהּ֙ עַל־הַבֶּ֔גֶד אֲשֶׁר֙ יִזֶּ֣ה עָלֶ֔יהָ תְּכַבֵּ֖ס בְּמָק֥וֹם קָדֹֽשׁ׃ 1 It is implied that the blood should be sprinkled not on clothing but only on sacred objects, like the altar, in order to cleanse them from the impurity of sin. This phrase refers to a hypothetical scenario in which, in the process of sprinkling the blood on the sacred objects, some blood also comes into contact with someone’s clothing, requiring the clothing to be carefully washed. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the implied information explicit. Alternate translation: “And whoever, in the process of sprinkling blood on the sacred objects of the tent of meeting, also accidentally sprinkles some of the blood on the clothing, wherever he sprinkles on it, you must wash that spot in a holy place”
6:27 rtwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תְּכַבֵּ֖ס 1 As the General Introduction to Leviticus discusses, the book often speaks of the Israelites and to the Israelites in the third-person, even though it is a direct address. However, as the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, here and throughout the rest of the chapter, the author of Leviticus switches to a second-person address. If you have been using third-person pronouns since chapter 4, and the sudden switch to second-person would be confusing in your language, consider continuing to use the third-person in your translation. Alternate translation: “a person shall wash”
6:28 f316 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּכְלִי־ חֶ֛רֶשׂ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תְּבֻשַּׁל־ בּ֖וֹ יִשָּׁבֵ֑ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The priest should shatter anycontainer of earthenware in which he has boiled the purification offering”
6:28 wlyw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּכְלִי־חֶ֛רֶשׂ & בִּכְלִ֤י נְחֹ֨שֶׁת֙ 1 The **container of earthenware** and the **container of bronze** refer to cooking vessels made from **earthenware** or **bronze**, likely resembling modern kitchen pots, in which meat could be cooked in boiling water. If your language has a specific word for a kitchen pot made from these materials, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “And an earthenware pot … in a bronze pot”
6:28 sia1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown חֶ֛רֶשׂ 1 The **container** is described as made of **earthenware**, which refers to a material similar to clay or potsherds, out of which a pot-shaped vessel could be shaped and baked in a kiln until hardened. If your language has a specific word for this material, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “clay”
6:28 e4tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאִם־בִּכְלִ֤י נְחֹ֨שֶׁת֙ בֻּשָּׁ֔לָה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if the priest has boiled the purification offering in a container of bronze”
6:28 at58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּמֹרַ֥ק וְשֻׁטַּ֖ף בַּמָּֽיִם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “then he should scour the bronze container and rinse it with water”
6:29 al20 כָּל־זָכָ֥ר בַּכֹּהֲנִ֖ים יֹאכַ֣ל אֹתָ֑הּ 1 Alternate translation: “Every male among the sons of Aaron is permitted to eat it” or “Every male among the sons of Aaron may eat it”
6:30 b4w7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכָל־ חַטָּ֡את אֲשֶׁר֩ יוּבָ֨א מִדָּמָ֜הּ אֶל־ אֹ֧הֶל מוֹעֵ֛ד 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But every purification offering that requires the priest to bring some of its blood into the tent of meeting”
6:30 kgra rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּקֹּ֖דֶשׁ 1 The expression **the holy place** is another way of referring to the portion of the tent of meeting which housed the altar and sacred objects that the priest would sprinkle with the blood of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “in the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting”
6:30 yz83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֣א תֵאָכֵ֑ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one is permitted to eat it”
6:30 w6h7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תִּשָּׂרֵֽף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The priest must burn it”
7:intro nbv3 0 # Leviticus 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter gives instructions on how to offer guilt offerings, peace offerings and freewill offerings.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Blood\n\nThe people were not allowed to eat or drink the blood of the sacrificed animal because life was considered to be in the blood of the animal. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]] and [Leviticus 17:11](../../lev/17/11.md))
7:1 rct1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הָאָשָׁ֑ם 1\n\n See how you translated this specific kind of sacrifice in [5:15](../05/15.md).
7:1 m86w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים הֽוּא 1\n\n See how you translated this expression in [6:17](../06/17.md).
7:2 w7q9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense בִּמְק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁחֲטוּ֙ אֶת־הָ֣עֹלָ֔ה 1\n\n Here, the author of Leviticus does not use the future tense to describe future action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual will perform this specific action. Rather, the future tense is being used to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to a specific future action. Alternate translation: “In the location where the burnt offering would normally be slaughtered”
7:2 i8iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִשְׁחֲטוּ֙ & יִשְׁחֲט֖וּ 1\n\n Here, **they** refers generically to anyone who might perform these actions. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a general expression for a person. Alternate translation: “someone normally slaughters… people shall slaughter” or “an individual slaughters … that individual shall slaughter”
7:2 grkl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person יִשְׁחֲטוּ֙ & יִשְׁחֲט֖וּ 1\n\n Although the end of the last chapter addressed the people of Israel using a second-person singular form, here the author of Leviticus addresses everyone who approaches the tent of meeting to sacrifice using a third-person plural form. If the switch from second-person forms to third-person forms would be confusing in your language, consider using whichever form you have been using throughout the previous chapters.
7:2 dhkm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־הָ֣עֹלָ֔ה 1\n\n See how you translated this specific kind of sacrifice in [1:3](../01/03.md).
7:2 tzsl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאֶת־דָּמ֛וֹ יִזְרֹ֥ק 1\n\n Here, **he** does not refer to the person offering the sacrifice but rather to the priest, the individual normally responsible for splattering **the blood** on **the altar**. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “And its blood the priest shall splash”
7:3 xzk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יַקְרִ֣יב 1\n\n Here, **he** does not refer to the priest but to the individual offering the sacrifice, the person normally responsible for butchering and preparing the animal’s fat. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “the individual offering the sacrifice shall present”
7:3 xhdr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֵ֚ת הָֽאַלְיָ֔ה וְאֶת־הַחֵ֖לֶב הַֽמְכַסֶּ֥ה אֶת־הַקֶּֽרֶב 1\n\n See how you translated these terms in [3:3](../03/03.md).
7:4 tiur rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֵת֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י הַכְּלָיֹ֔ת וְאֶת־הַחֵ֨לֶב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲלֵיהֶ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַכְּסָלִ֑ים וְאֶת־הַיֹּתֶ֨רֶת֙ עַל־הַכָּבֵ֔ד 1\n\n See how you translated these terms in [3:4](../03/04.md).
7:5 bh08 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֨יר אֹתָ֤ם הַכֹּהֵן֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה 1\n\n See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md).
7:6 y9wb כָּל־זָכָ֥ר בַּכֹּהֲנִ֖ים יֹאכְלֶ֑נּוּ 1\n\n Alternate translation: “Every male among the sons of Aaron is permitted to eat it” or “Every male among the sons of Aaron may eat it”
7:6 ei3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵאָכֵ֔ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they shall eat it”
7:6 c7x0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים הֽוּא 1 See how you translated this expression in [2:3](../02/03.md).
7:7 rtkp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet כַּֽחַטָּאת֙ כָּֽאָשָׁ֔ם תּוֹרָ֥ה אַחַ֖ת לָהֶ֑ם 1 These two expressions mean similar things. They refer to the manner in which the meat for these two sacrifices is to be reserved for the priests’ special portion of food, and so the two expressions are used together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “The guilt offering and the purification offering are alike in this regard”
7:7 ftun rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ל֥וֹ יִהְיֶֽה 1 The expression **it will be for him** means that the portion of the animal (in context, the skin of the peace offering, along with the breast meat and the right thigh) belongs to the priest as his allotment from Yahweh. It is questionable whether the skin serves as a food source for the priests, as the other portions do. Rather, it seems likely that the skin would be used for other, unspecified uses. Alternate translation: “these portions of the sacrifice shall belong to him”
7:8 fj85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אֶת־עֹ֣לַת אִ֑ישׁ 1 In this expression, although the word **man** is masculine, it refers in a generic way to any individual who offers this sacrifice. The possessive form, **a burnt offering of a man**, does not mean offering a human being as a burnt offering but rather, it means a burnt offering presented by any person, whoever they might be. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic term for a person in this possessive form. Alternate translation: “someone’s burnt offering” or “the burnt offering that anyone might offer”
7:8 nwed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ל֥וֹ יִהְיֶֽה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in the previous verse.
7:9 yc6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכָל־מִנְחָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר תֵּֽאָפֶה֙ בַּתַּנּ֔וּר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And any grain offering that someone has baked in an oven”
7:9 fwei rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַּתַּנּ֔וּר 1 See how you translated this term in [2:4](../02/04.md).
7:9 ydb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכָל־נַעֲשָׂ֥ה בַמַּרְחֶ֖שֶׁת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and anything that someone has made in a pan”
7:10 ld4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכָל־מִנְחָ֥ה בְלוּלָֽה־בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן וַחֲרֵבָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And every grain offering, whether someone mixes it with oil or offers it dry”
7:10 jr11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַחֲרֵבָ֑ה 1 The term translated **dry** refers to a grain offering of wheat flour that has not been mixed or kneaded with olive oil. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate translation: “or dry and not mixed with any oil”
7:10 ajv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֧י אַהֲרֹ֛ן 1 See how you translated the similar manner of referring to the priests in [1:5](../01/05.md).
7:11 afog rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown זֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים 1 See how you translated this particular sacrifice in [3:1](../03/01.md).
7:11 on8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַקְרִ֖יב לַיהוָֽה 1 Here, although the word **he** is masculine, it refers generally to any person who might offer this kind of sacrifice. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic term for a person. Alternate translation: “that someone will present to Yahweh” or “that anyone will present to Yahweh”
7:11 vj44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַקְרִ֖יב לַיהוָֽה 1 Here, the author of Leviticus does not use the future tense to describe future action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual will perform this specific action. Rather, the future tense is being used to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to a specific future action. Alternate translation: “that anyone will present to Yahweh”
7:12 xekq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense אִ֣ם עַל־תּוֹדָה֮ יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ֒ 1 Here, the author of Leviticus does not use the future tense to describe future action, as if he is here referring to a specific instance where an individual will perform this specific action. Rather, the future tense is being used to depict a hypothetical situation. If it would be helpful in your language, consider choosing language that makes it plain that the author is not referring to a specific future action. Alternate translation: “If, hypothetically, he is presenting it for thanksgiving”
7:12 dptw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ֒ 1 Here and throughout the following verses, the word **he** refers generally to anyone who might present this kind of sacrifice to Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, consider using a generic term for a person. Alternate translation: “someone will present it” or “anyone will present it”
7:12 m0zb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ֒ 1 Here, **it** refers to the peace offerings. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “he will present a sacrifice of peace offerings”
7:12 eavh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עַל־תּוֹדָה֮ 1 The expression **for thanksgiving** refers to the unique circumstance in which a person might offer a peace offering for the specific purpose of expressing gratitude or thanks to Yahweh for something Yahweh did in his life. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **thanksgiving**, you can express the same idea in a verbal form. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of expressing gratitude to Yahweh”
7:12 o8r2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis חַלּ֤וֹת מַצּוֹת֙ בְּלוּלֹ֣ת בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן & וְסֹ֣לֶת מֻרְבֶּ֔כֶת חַלֹּ֖ת בְּלוּלֹ֥ת בַּשָּֽׁמֶן 1 Based on the similar expression found in [2:4](../02/04.md), the expressions **loaves of unleavened bread mixed with oil** and **loaves mixed with oil** leave out some words that some languages might consider essential for understanding. If it would be helpful in your language, consider clarifying the expressions with the elided words. Alternate translation: “flour mixed with oil into loaves of unleavened bread … flour that has been well-mixed with oil into loaves”
7:12 pjhs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּרְקִיקֵ֥י מַצּ֖וֹת מְשֻׁחִ֣ים בַּשָּׁ֑מֶן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “wafers of unleavened bread with lots of oil on top”
7:12 ahju rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְסֹ֣לֶת מֻרְבֶּ֔כֶת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. See how you translated the similar passive form in [6:14](../06/14.md). Alternate translation: “flour that the person who prepared it mixed thoroughly”
7:13 yfqf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession חַלֹּת֙ לֶ֣חֶם חָמֵ֔ץ 1 Here, the expression **loaves of bread with leaven** uses the possessive form to describe a loaf that is characterized by its consisting of **bread** that has been prepared with **leaven**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a generic expression. Alternate translation: “leavened bread”
7:13 k8sm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown חָמֵ֔ץ 1 See how you translated this term in [2:11](../02/11.md).
7:13 hpp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry יַקְרִ֖יב קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ 1 See how you translated the similar use of related words in [1:2](../01/02.md).
7:13 r2q8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession זֶ֖בַח תּוֹדַ֥ת שְׁלָמָֽיו 1 The expression **the sacrifice of thanksgiving of his peace offerings** uses the possessive form to describe the animal sacrifices of a peace offering that are being offered for the purposes of expressing gratitude to Yahweh. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “the animal sacrifices that constitute his peace offerings that he is offering for thanksgiving”
7:14 onsp rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מִמֶּ֤נּוּ 1 Here, **it** refers to the entire peace offering, including the animal sacrifices and the prescribed grain offerings. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation, with a comma afterwards: “from everything he is offering as a peace offering, including the animal sacrifice and the grain offerings”
7:14 hcz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶחָד֙ מִכָּל־קָרְבָּ֔ן 1 The expression **one from each offering** refers to one portion from the animal sacrifices and one portion from the grain offerings, respectively. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate translation: “one portion from the animal sacrifices and one portion from the grain offerings”
7:14 efjx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish תְּרוּמָ֖ה לַיהוָ֑ה 1 The expression **as a contribution to Yahweh** might seem to imply that Yahweh is asking the people to set aside food for him to eat. However, Yahweh does not need food, and the similar uses of the word **contribution** in [7:32](../07/32.md) and [7:34](../07/34.md) make it clear that this **contribution** is actually for the priests’ food. Make sure that your translation makes this clear and does not imply that the food is for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “as a special contribution of food to Yahweh’s priests”
7:15 oj47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּבְשַׂ֗ר זֶ֚בַח תּוֹדַ֣ת שְׁלָמָ֔יו בְּי֥וֹם קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ יֵאָכֵ֑ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the priest shall eat the meat of the sacrifice of thanksgiving of his peace offerings on the day of his offering”
7:15 ib7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּי֥וֹם קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ 1 The expression **on the day of his offering** uses the possessive form to refer to the day on which someone offers this particular offering. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “on whatever day he offers it” or “whenever he offers it”
7:15 h75f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּבְשַׂ֗ר זֶ֚בַח תּוֹדַ֣ת שְׁלָמָ֔יו 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **thanksgiving**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “And the meat of the sacrifice of his peace offerings that he offers to express gratitude to Yahweh”
7:15 zeoo עַד־בֹּֽקֶר 1 Alternate translation: “until the next day”
7:16 pt9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֶ֣דֶר 1 Here, a **vow** refers to a promise to bring a sacrifice to Yahweh if a prayer is answered in a particular manner. Alternative translation: “is a votive sacrifice” or “is the result of a promise to bring a sacrifice if Yahweh answered his prayer”
7:16 ajca rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נְדָבָ֗ה 1 Here, a *freewill offering** is a spontaneous offering for the cause of expressing joy and gratitude to God. Alternative translation: “a spontaneous and unprompted sacrifice motivated by joy”
7:16 iiyl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession זֶ֚בַח קָרְבָּנ֔וֹ 1 The expression, **the sacrifice of his offering**, refers to the portion of the peace offering constituted by animal sacrifices, distinct from the grain offerings that were to be offered alongside those portions. If it would be helpful, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “the portions of the animal sacrifices that come from his peace offerings”
7:16 tw8o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּי֛וֹם הַקְרִיב֥וֹ אֶת־זִבְח֖וֹ 1 As before, the expression **on the day of his presenting his sacrifice** uses the possessive form to refer to any day on which someone offers this particular offering. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “on whatever day he presents his sacrifice” or “whenever he presents his sacrifice”
7:16 wgx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵאָכֵ֑ל & וְהַנּוֹתָ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ יֵאָכֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the priests should eat it … and they should eat remainder from it”
7:16 z5nx וּמִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וְהַנּוֹתָ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ 1 Alternate translation: “And the next day, the rest of it”
7:17 havi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וְהַנּוֹתָ֖ר מִבְּשַׂ֣ר הַזָּ֑בַח בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י בָּאֵ֖שׁ יִשָּׂרֵֽף׃ 1 It might seem that the expression **will be burned with fire** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “But the remainder from the meat of the sacrifice will be completely burned on the third day”
7:17 fqvh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהַנּוֹתָ֖ר מִבְּשַׂ֣ר הַזָּ֑בַח בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י בָּאֵ֖שׁ יִשָּׂרֵֽף׃ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the priests should burn the remainder of the meat of the sacrifice with fire on the third day”
7:17 m4fq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י 1 The word **third** is the ordinal number for three. The day that the animal is sacrificed counts as the first day. Alternate translation: “after two days”
7:18 zhtf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication וְאִ֣ם הֵאָכֹ֣ל יֵ֠אָכֵל מִבְּשַׂר־זֶ֨בַח שְׁלָמָ֜יו 1 Here the expression **is ever eaten** uses a repetition of the verbal form in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “And if some of the meat of the sacrifice of his peace offerings is at any time eaten”
7:18 oqhi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאִ֣ם הֵאָכֹ֣ל יֵ֠אָכֵל מִבְּשַׂר־זֶ֨בַח שְׁלָמָ֜יו 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And if anyone ever eats some of the meat of the sacrifice of his peace offerings”
7:18 rfk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֣א יֵרָצֶה֒ הַמַּקְרִ֣יב אֹת֗וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not accept the person who presented it”
7:18 rzi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֧א יֵחָשֵׁ֛ב ל֖וֹ\n 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not account the sacrifice to him”
7:18 em1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֧א יֵחָשֵׁ֛ב ל֖וֹ 1 Here, the forgiveness brought about by the sacrifice is spoken of using legal or possibly financial terminology, as if the sacrifice would be accredited to a person’s account before Yahweh. If your language uses similar metaphors to convey these ideas, consider using them here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “the person who offers the sacrifice will not be forgiven”
7:18 w5e2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit פִּגּ֣וּל 1 For the meat of a sacrifice to be **defiled** means that it has remained uneaten for an unacceptably long time such that it is now no longer acceptable to Yahweh. Consequently, eating **defiled** meat would make the sacrifice itself ineffective for acquiring forgiveness from Yahweh. If your language has a religious term for this kind of desecrated meat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternative translation: “spoiled and unacceptable meat”
7:18 jgq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְהַנֶּ֛פֶשׁ הָאֹכֶ֥לֶת מִמֶּ֖נּוּ עֲוֺנָ֥הּ תִּשָּֽׂא 1 See how you handled the use of a generic feminine word for a person in [2:1](../02/01.md).
7:18 yorf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עֲוֺנָ֥הּ תִּשָּֽׂא 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [5:1](../05/01.md).
7:19 ef1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהַבָּשָׂ֞ר אֲשֶׁר־יִגַּ֤ע בְּכָל־טָמֵא֙ לֹ֣א יֵֽאָכֵ֔ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the priests shall not eat the meat that touches any unclean thing”
7:19 ii69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְהַבָּשָׂ֞ר 1 The phrase **the meat** does not refer to a specific portion of meat, but rather generally refers to any meat that touches something unclean. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And any meat”
7:19 k4du rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּכָל־טָמֵא֙ 1 See how you translated the use of this term in [5:2](../05/02.md).
7:19 gnjy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo בָּאֵ֖שׁ יִשָּׂרֵ֑ף 1 See how you translated this expression in [7:17](../07/17.md).
7:19 b8tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִשָּׂרֵ֑ף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The priests shall burn it”
7:19 zi2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְהַ֨בָּשָׂ֔ר 1 The phrase **the meat** leaves out information that some languages might consider essential to understanding. It refers to clean meat that has not touched anything unclean, in contrast to **the meat that touches any unclean thing**. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate expression: “But, as for clean meat that has not touched any unclean thing”
7:19 cj9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־טָה֖וֹר 1 The expression **any clean person** refers to any individual who has succeeded in remaining ceremonially clean by abstaining from touching anything that would render him unclean, as determined by Leviticus. If it would be helpful in your language, consider stating this plainly. Alternate translation: “any person who has not touched anything unclean and so has, himself, remained clean”
7:19 ls5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּשָֽׂר 1 The **meat** referred to here is the same as **the meat** that has not touched anything unclean and so is considered clean. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “any clean meat”
7:20 rxcw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְהַנֶּ֜פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאכַ֣ל בָּשָׂ֗ר 1 See how you handled the use of a generic feminine word for a person in [2:1](../02/01.md).
7:20 qn8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּשָׂ֗ר מִזֶּ֤בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַיהוָ֔ה 1 The expression **the peace offerings that are for Yahweh** might seem to imply that the peace offerings supply Yahweh with food. However, as stated before, Yahweh does not eat, nor does he need food from human beings. The peace offerings belong to Yahweh in the sense that they are dedicated especially to Yahweh’s special purposes. Consequently, the portions of meat from these sacrifices are not to be used for any common purpose. In your translation, make sure that it is not implied that the meat from these sacrifices provides Yahweh with food.
7:20 pk97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו 1 A person who is not fit for God’s special, sacred space is spoken of as if **his uncleanness** were physically resting **on him**. If your language would use a similar metaphor, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “and he is unclean”
7:20 i2g0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו 1 The words **his** and **him** are being used generically to refer to anyone who might become unclean and so should avoid eating the meat that is especially set apart for holy purposes. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “and the uncleanness of that person is on him”
7:20 miq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו 1 See how you handled the abstract noun **uncleanness** in [5:3](../05/03.md).
7:20 iyf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 Again, the words **soul** and **her** are feminine and refer generically to any individual who has eaten the meat of the sacrifice while they were considered unclean. See how you handled the use of a generic feminine word for a person in [2:1](../02/01.md).
7:20 m7mh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 The punishment for a person eating the meat that is dedicated to Yahweh while they are considered unclean is spoken of as if the person were being literally cut off from his people. This could be: (1) an idiom that refers to Yahweh’s executing divine judgment against the individual in some unspecified manner, thus removing the person from the people of God. Alternate translation: “then that person will be punished and removed from her people” or, to avoid the passive form, “then Yahweh will execute divine judgment against that person and remove her from her people” (2) a metaphor that refers to the people excommunicating the individual from her community. Alternative translation: “then that person should be removed from her people and excommunicated” or, to avoid the passive form, “then the people should remove that person from the people and refuse to have contact with her”
7:20 a43e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel shall cut off that person”
7:21 wmem rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְנֶ֜פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תִגַּ֣ע 1 See how you handled the use of a generic feminine word for a person in [2:1](../02/01.md).
7:21 g4kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בִּבְהֵמָ֣ה טְמֵאָ֗ה 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, the animals considered clean and unclean are described in detail in [11:1–47](../11/01.md). Something was considered unclean and potentially able to defile the space or objects that were dedicated especially for Yahweh and for his purposes when they were culturally associated with death.
7:21 n22g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּכָל־שֶׁ֣קֶץ טָמֵ֔א 1 This **unclean detestable thing** refers to the specific animals that Yahweh forbids both eating and touching in [11:29–31](../11/29.md). These included the mole rat, the mouse, and several kinds of lizard. If your language has a specific term for the kind of animal that is considered taboo to touch or to eat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “any unclean animal that is forbidden to eat or to touch“ or “any taboo animal”
7:21 qpnu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְאָכַ֛ל 1 Here, **he** refers to anyone who might eat the meat of the sacrifice. If it would be helpful, consider using a generic expression for a person. Alternate translation: “and that person eats”
7:21 z5au rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 See how you translated the similar expressions in [7:20](../07/20.md).
7:22 xw34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
7:22-23 zkjl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵּאמֹֽר & דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He told Moses to tell the sons of Israel”
7:23 w4mz rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹ֑ר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
7:23 y5o3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person לֹ֥א תֹאכֵֽלוּ 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, here and until [7:26](../07/26.md), the author of Leviticus switches from the use of third-person forms to the use of second-person plural forms. If the switch from third-person to second-person forms would be confusing in your language, consider continuing to use whichever form you have been using for the previous chapters. Alternate translation: “No one should eat”
7:23 z2p3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd לֹ֥א תֹאכֵֽלוּ 1 Here, **You** is plural. It refers to the people of Israel who would offer sacrifices at the tent of meeting. If your language uses a plural form to address a group of people, consider using that form here. If not, consider using a third-person form, as modeled by the previous note.
7:24 t2m9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְחֵ֤לֶב נְבֵלָה֙ וְחֵ֣לֶב טְרֵפָ֔ה יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in an active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And you may use the fat of a carcass or the fat of a torn animal” or, using the third-person, “And anyone may use the fat of a carcass or the fat of a torn animal”
7:24 fbok rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְחֵ֤לֶב נְבֵלָה֙ 1 The **fat of a carcass** refers to any fat portion from any animal, wild or domesticated, that has died, usually referring to those animals that have died of natural causes and that any Israelite might find in the desert wilderness. If this would not be clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the fat of any dead animal, whether wild or domesticated, that someone happens to find”
7:24 ggyw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְחֵ֣לֶב טְרֵפָ֔ה 1 The expression **the fat of a torn animal** refers to the fat portions of an animal, usually a domesticated animal, that has been attacked and killed by wild animals. If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “or the fat of a domesticated animal that was killed and torn apart by wild animals”
7:24 vs7b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה לְכָל־מְלָאכָ֑ה 1 The expression **will be made for any work** is used to denote allowance given to these fat portions for any variety of other, unspecified uses. If this would not be clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “may be used for any purpose other than eating”
7:24 e2ga rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication וְאָכֹ֖ל לֹ֥א תֹאכְלֻֽהוּ 1 Here the expression **but you shall certainly not eat it** uses a repetition of the verbal form in order to intensify the idea that the eating of these fat portions is forbidden. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “but you should never eat it” or, using the third-person, “but no one should ever eat it”
7:25 tl3a חֵ֔לֶב מִן־הַ֨בְּהֵמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַקְרִ֥יב מִמֶּ֛נָּה אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “fat that comes from a domesticated animal from which someone has presented portions of meat or fat as a gift to Yahweh”
7:25 cjbt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִן־הַ֨בְּהֵמָ֔ה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:2](../01/02.md).
7:25 f99k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הָאֹכֶ֖לֶת מֵֽעַמֶּֽיהָ׃ 1 See how you translated the similar expressions in [7:20](../07/20.md).
7:26 ujw4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations לָע֖וֹף וְלַבְּהֵמָֽה 1 The expressions **the bird** and **the livestock** do not refer to specific animals or groups of animals. The terms describe any animal or group of animals that an Israelite might own or come across. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “of any of your birds or any livestock that you own” or, using the third-person, “of any bird or any livestock that someone might own”
7:27 xa78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations כָּל־נֶ֖פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאכַ֣ל 1 See how you handled the use of a generic feminine word for a person in [2:1](../02/01.md).
7:27 nm4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵֽעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 See how you translated the similar expressions in [7:20](../07/20.md).
7:28 gkdm rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵּאמֹֽר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
7:28-29 rh99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵּאמֹֽר & דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 This sentence has a quotation within a quotation. You can translate this as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “He told Moses to speak to the sons of Israel”
7:29 twhb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹ֑ר 1 The word translated **saying** introduces a direct quotation. In your translation, consider ways in which you might introduce this quotation naturally in your language.
7:29 mr3y הַמַּקְרִ֞יב אֶת־זֶ֤בַח שְׁלָמָיו֙ לַיהוָ֔ה יָבִ֧יא אֶת־קָרְבָּנ֛וֹ לַיהוָ֖ה מִזֶּ֥בַח שְׁלָמָֽיו 1 Alternative translation: “The person presenting the sacrifice of his peace offerings to Yahweh should especially bring this portion of the sacrifice to Yahweh apart from the rest of the sacrifice of his peace offerings”
7:29 m7q7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person הַמַּקְרִ֞יב אֶת־זֶ֤בַח שְׁלָמָיו֙ לַיהוָ֔ה יָבִ֧יא אֶת־קָרְבָּנ֛וֹ לַיהוָ֖ה מִזֶּ֥בַח שְׁלָמָֽיו 1 Here, the author of Leviticus uses the word **his** to switch back to the use of third-person singular forms to address the people of Israel. If the switch from third-person to second-person back to third-person forms would be confusing in your language, consider continuing to use whichever form you have been using in your translation throughout the previous chapters. Alternate translation: “If you present the sacrifice of your peace offerings to Yahweh, you should bring your offering to Yahweh from the sacrifice of your peace offerings”
7:30 w7dk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche יָדָ֣יו תְּבִיאֶ֔ינָה 1 Here, **hands** represent the whole person, emphasizing the individual’s personal responsibility and agency in bringing the sacrifice. If your language uses a similar expression to express this idea, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “He himself should bring” or, using the second-person “You yourself should bring”
7:30 ry2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־הַחֵ֤לֶב עַל־הֶֽחָזֶה֙ & אֵ֣ת הֶחָזֶ֗ה 1 Here, the **breast** is the portion of the animal’s meat consisting of the larger part of the animal’s chest below the region of the neck. The **breast** and **the fat on the breast** were considered uniquely choice portions of meat and fat. Consequently, it was dedicated especially to Yahweh. If your language has a special term for this portion of meat and fat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate expression: “the fat that is on the breast meat … the breast meat itself”
7:30 v5t2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction לְהָנִ֥יף אֹת֛וֹ תְּנוּפָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 For the priest **to wave** the offering in Yahweh’s presence is a symbolic gesture that shows that the person is dedicating the sacrifice to Yahweh. This act could mean: (1) wafting the smell of the sacrifice in Yahweh’s direction, creating a “pleasant smell to Yahweh” that would result in the acceptance of the sacrifice (2) merely presenting the sacrifice to Yahweh in a unique way. If this would not be clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to waft the breast meat of the sacrifice as a sacrifice that is wafted in Yahweh’s presence”
7:30 fd4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 Here, the expression **a wave offering to the face of Yahweh** could mean: (1) waving **the breast** in Yahweh’s presence in the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh in the sacred precincts of the tent of meeting” (2) waving **the breast** in the direction of the tent of meeting where Yahweh lived among the Israelites. Alternate translation: “in the direction of the tent of meeting where Yahweh lives among the Israelites”
7:31 tbb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְהִקְטִ֧יר הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֶת־הַחֵ֖לֶב הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:9](../01/09.md).
7:31 npon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־הַחֵ֖לֶב 1 The phrase **the fat** refers to the fat of the breast, as distinct from **the breast**, which refers to the meat of the breast itself. If this would be confusing in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the fat of the breast”
7:31 ncgd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהָיָה֙ הֶֽחָזֶ֔ה לְאַהֲרֹ֖ן וּלְבָנָֽיו 1 This expression means that the meat of **the breast** should not be burned completely on the altar but rather should be given to the priests for food. See how you translated this similar expression in [7:7](../07/07.md).
7:31 h7vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְאַהֲרֹ֖ן וּלְבָנָֽיו 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:2](../02/02.md).
7:32 f116 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֵת֙ שׁ֣וֹק הַיָּמִ֔ין 1 The **right thigh** is the upper part of the right leg of the animal, directly above the knee and below the hip joint. Although the reason for the choice of the **right** portion of the thighs is unknown and debated, the **thigh** itself was consider a uniquely choice portion of meat, and so was especially dedicated to Yahweh and to his special purposes, like providing food for the priests. If your language has a word for this choice portion of an animal’s meat, consider using it here. If not, consider using a generic expression. Alternate translation: “And the choice portion of meat between the hip and the knee joints on the right leg of the animal”
7:32 cxqp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person תִּתְּנ֥וּ & שַׁלְמֵיכֶֽם 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, here, the author of Leviticus suddenly switches from the use of third-person forms to use of second-person plural forms. If the switch from third-person to second-person forms would be confusing in your language, consider continuing to use whichever form you have been using for the previous chapters. Alternate translation: “the person presenting the offering should give … his peace offerings”
7:32 ceao rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd תִּתְּנ֥וּ & שַׁלְמֵיכֶֽם 1 Here, **you** is plural. It refers to the people of Israel who would offer sacrifices at the tent of meeting. If your language uses a plural form to address a group of people, consider using that form here. If not, consider using the third person, as modeled by the previous note.
7:32 sew1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תְרוּמָ֖ה לַכֹּהֵ֑ן 1 While previously the **contribution** belonged to Yahweh, here it is explained that this unique portion of meat actually was to be provided for the priests’ food. If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as a contribution of choice meat to provide the priests with food”
7:33 l8go rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמַּקְרִ֞יב אֶת־דַּ֧ם הַשְּׁלָמִ֛ים וְאֶת־הַחֵ֖לֶב מִבְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֑ן 1 The **person presenting the blood of the peace offerings and the fat from the sons of Aaron** is one of the priests. At the time that Yahweh spoke these instructions to Moses, they were the literal “sons of Aaron.” However, this expression refers to whichever priest happened to perform the symbolic action of **presenting the blood of the peace offerings** along with **the fat**. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making this explicit. Alternate translation: “The priest who presents the blood of the peace offerings and the fat, who is among the sons of Aaron”
7:33 lbwv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִבְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֑ן 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:5](../01/05.md).
7:33 q6eu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ל֧וֹ תִהְיֶ֛ה שׁ֥וֹק הַיָּמִ֖ין לְמָנָֽה׃ 1 As the General Introduction to this chapter discusses, this **portion** refers to the special allotment of food provided for the priests according to the instructions that Yahweh gave to the people of Israel. Because the Levites, the sons of Aaron, were not given any portion of land and therefore could not farm for themselves, they were dependent on the contributions of their fellow Israelites for food. Yahweh provided this food by setting apart these choice portions for the priests. If this would not be clear from your translation, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the right thigh will be for that priest, as the allocation of his food given by Yahweh”
7:34 kefs rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי֩ 1 The word translated **For** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is because” or, using the second-person, “You should do this because”
7:34 sns3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לָקַ֨חְתִּי֙ & וָאֶתֵּ֣ן 1 Here, **I** refers to Yahweh, who now speaks directly about himself. If this would not be clear, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, took … and I, Yahweh, gave”
7:34 ovp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל & בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 See how you translated this expression in [1:2](../01/02.md).
7:34 w06t rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֹ֠תָם 1 Here, **them** refers to the **breast** and the **right thigh**, those special portions of meat that Yahweh provided for the priests’ food. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “the breast meat and the portion of the right thigh”
7:34 mkn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְאַהֲרֹ֨ן הַכֹּהֵ֤ן וּלְבָנָיו֙ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:2](../02/02.md).
7:34 u24m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְחָק־עוֹלָ֔ם 1 This **enduring portion** refers to the portions of meat, the breast and the right thigh, that Yahweh instructed should be given to the priests for food from the peace offerings that the people of Israel will offer. This **portion** is **enduring** because Yahweh envisions that these instructions are binding for the people of God for all time. If this would be unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as a portion of food that should always be provided for the priests”
7:35 h86d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown זֹ֣את מִשְׁחַ֤ת אַהֲרֹן֙ וּמִשְׁחַ֣ת בָּנָ֔יו 1 This **allotment** is the same as the “enduring portion” of the previous verse. It refers to the choice portions of meat, the breast and the right thigh, that Yahweh instructed should be given to the priests for food from the peace offerings that the people of Israel will offer. If this is unclear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “This is the portion of the meat of the sacrifices that should be given to Aaron and to his sons”
7:35 xb0d rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns בְּיוֹם֙ הִקְרִ֣יב אֹתָ֔ם לְכַהֵ֖ן לַיהוָֽה׃ 1 Here, **he** refers to Moses and **them** refers to **Aaron** and **his sons**. The expression **on the day he presented them as priests to Yahweh** refers to the day when Moses anointed Aaron and his sons with oil to dedicate them as priests in the service of Yahweh, as described in [8:12](../08/12.md) and [8:30](../08/30.md). If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the referents explicit. Alternate translation: “on the day Moses presented Aaron and his sons as priests to Yahweh”
7:36 er1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לָהֶ֗ם 1 Here, **them** refers to the priests, that is, Aaron and his sons. If it would be helpful in your language, consider making the referent explicit. Alternate translation: “to the priests” or “to Aaron and his sons, the priests”
7:36 o7ud rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּיוֹם֙ מָשְׁח֣וֹ אֹתָ֔ם מֵאֵ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 The expression **the day of his anointing them from the people of Israel** refers to the anointing of the priests to be especially dedicated to Yahweh apart from the rest of the people of God for special, sacred service to him. In this sense, they are **anointed** **from** the people of Israel. If this would not be clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “on the day of his anointing them to be priests to Yahweh and be set apart from the people of Israel”
7:36 mag4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns בְּיוֹם֙ מָשְׁח֣וֹ אֹתָ֔ם 1 As in the previous verse, **his** refers to Moses and **them** refers to the priests, that is, to Aaron and his sons. If this would be unclear in your language, consider making the referents explicit. Alternate translation: “on the day Moses anointed Aaron and his sons as priests to Yahweh”
7:36 l9rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction בְּיוֹם֙ מָשְׁח֣וֹ אֹתָ֔ם 1 The act of **anointing** the priests was a symbolic action in which oil, usually olive oil, was liberally applying to the head of the priests to mark their dedication to special, sacred service to Yahweh. If this would not be clear in your language, consider stating the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “on the day of his anointing them with oil to mark their dedication to Yahweh as priests to him”
7:36 eohw בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [1:2](../01/02.md).
7:37 izaw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְלַ֨מִּלּוּאִ֔ים 1 This **ordination offering** was a special sacrifice that was offered on the occasion of the dedication of a priest to the special, sacred service to Yahweh of the priesthood. It is described in detail in [8:22–32](../08/22.md). Alternate translation: “and of the sacrifice that is offered for the priests when they are dedicated to Yahweh as priests”
7:37 ey6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וּלְזֶ֖בַח הַשְּׁלָמִֽים׃ 1 See how you translated this specific kind of sacrifice in [3:1](../03/01.md).
7:38 zub8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns בְּי֨וֹם צַוֺּת֜וֹ 1 The expression **on the day of his commanding** could refer to: (1) Yahweh commanding the people of Israel to begin bringing their sacrifices. Alternate translation: “on the day Yahweh commanded” (2) Moses, relaying the instructions he received from Yahweh, commanding the people of Israel to begin bringing their sacrifices. Alternate translation: “on the day Moses commanded”
7:38 kbsg rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry לְהַקְרִ֧יב אֶת־קָרְבְּנֵיהֶ֛ם 1 See how you handled the poetic repetition of words in [1:2](../01/02.md).
7:38 tda7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי 1 This **wilderness** refers to the dry, barren desert plain that is common in the Sinai peninsula region of the modern Middle East. If your language has a word for this kind of landscape, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “in the dry, desert plain of Sinai”
8:intro d9y6 0 # Leviticus 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nIn this chapter, Moses set apart, or consecrated, the sons of Aaron to be priests. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
8:1 n6q2 0 # General Information:\n\nIn chapter 8 Moses ordains Aaron and his sons as priests according to the commands of Yahweh that Moses recorded in the book of Exodus.
8:5 u5b7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה לַעֲשֽׂוֹת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commands us to do”
8:6 mi63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַיִּרְחַ֥ץ אֹתָ֖ם בַּמָּֽיִם 1 This is a symbolic action. It is a ritually cleaning that prepares them to become priests.
8:7 fk7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־ הַכֻּתֹּ֗נֶת & בָּֽאַבְנֵ֔ט & הַמְּעִ֔יל & אֶת־ הָאֵפֹ֑ד & בְּחֵ֨שֶׁב֙ הָֽאֵפֹ֔ד 1 These are special garments that Yahweh commanded the people to make for the priests.
8:8 mus9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־ הַחֹ֑שֶׁן & הַחֹ֔שֶׁן 1 This is a special garment that Yahweh commanded the people to make for the priests.
8:8 du8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־ הָאוּרִ֖ים וְאֶת־ הַתֻּמִּֽים 1 It is not clear what **the Urim and the Thummim** are. They were objects that the priest somehow used to determine the will of God.
8:14 n1yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַיִּסְמֹ֨ךְ אַהֲרֹ֤ן וּבָנָיו֙ אֶת־ יְדֵיהֶ֔ם עַל־ רֹ֖אשׁ 1 This is a symbolic action that identifies **Aaron and his sons** with the animal they are offering. In this way they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md).
8:15 z8mk קַרְנ֨וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּ֤חַ 1 The **horns of the altar** refer to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:7](../04/07.md).
8:15 mdq3 וַֽיְקַדְּשֵׁ֖הוּ 1 Alternate translation: “And he set the altar apart for God”
8:15 m4pw לְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָֽיו 1 Here, **to make atonement** means to make the altar fit for use in serving God. Alternate translation: “in order to make it a suitable place for burning sacrifices for sin”
8:16 zlu1 הַקֶּרֶב֒ 1 The **inner parts** were the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
8:16 s1n5 הַכָּבֵ֔ד & הַכְּלָיֹ֖ת 1 See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md).
8:17 l8kn עֹרוֹ֙ 1 A **hide** is the coat or skin of a herd animal.
8:18 r16d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַֽיִּסְמְכ֞וּ אַהֲרֹ֧ן וּבָנָ֛יו אֶת־ יְדֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־ רֹ֥אשׁ 1 This is a symbolic action that identifies **Aaron and his sons** with the animal they are offering. In this way they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md).
8:21 d927 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְרֵֽיחַ־ נִיחֹ֨חַ֙ 1 Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the **aroma** of the burning sacrifice. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
8:22 qr6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֵ֖יל הַמִּלֻּאִ֑ים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **consecration**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the ram for setting Aaron and his sons apart for service to God”
8:22 v85u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַֽיִּסְמְכ֞וּ אַהֲרֹ֧ן וּבָנָ֛יו אֶת־ יְדֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־ רֹ֥אשׁ 1 This is a symbolic action that identifies **Aaron and his sons** with the animal they are offering. In this way the they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:4](../01/04.md).
8:23 e9be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיִּשְׁחָ֓ט׀ וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֹשֶׁה֙ מִדָּמ֔וֹ 1 It is implied that **Moses** caught the **blood** in a bowl as the blood drained out from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “And Moses slaughtered it, caught some of the blood in a bowl,”
8:25 jt5v הַקֶּרֶב֒ 1 Here, **the inner parts** refers to the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
8:25 pi33 הַכָּבֵ֔ד & הַכְּלָיֹ֖ת 1 See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md).
8:25 u6m5 שׁ֥וֹק הַיָּמִֽין 1 The **thigh** is the upper part of the leg above the knee. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:32](../07/32.md).
8:26 w3xw וּמִסַּ֨ל הַמַּצּ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה 1 This does not refer to the location of the **basket of bread**. It means this is the bread that Moses had dedicated to Yahweh.
8:27 hy74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶת־ הַכֹּ֔ל עַ֚ל כַּפֵּ֣י אַהֲרֹ֔ן וְעַ֖ל כַּפֵּ֣י בָנָ֑יו 1 Here, **hands** represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “gave it all to Aaron and his sons”
8:27 n3y7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיָּ֧נֶף אֹתָ֛ם תְּנוּפָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 It is implied that Aaron and his sons presented the offering. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “and Aaron and his sons waved them before Yahweh as a wave offering”
8:27 rg6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַיָּ֧נֶף אֹתָ֛ם 1 This is a symbolic action that dedicates the offering to Yahweh.
8:28 rd24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְרֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ 1 Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the **aroma** of the burning sacrifice. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
8:31 bf4q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes צִוֵּ֨יתִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַהֲרֹ֥ן וּבָנָ֖יו יֹאכְלֻֽהוּ 1 This is a quotation within a quotation. You can state this as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “I commanded Aaron and his sons will eat it”
8:33 m5um rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive עַ֚ד י֣וֹם מְלֹ֔את יְמֵ֖י מִלֻּאֵיכֶ֑ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until you fulfill the days of your ordination”
8:33 l462 יְמֵ֖י מִלֻּאֵיכֶ֑ם 1 This **consecration** was an official ceremony that made someone a priest. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 8:29](../08/29.md).
8:34 ds5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לַעֲשֹׂ֖ת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “us to do”
8:34 e67x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְכַפֵּ֥ר עֲלֵיכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **atonement**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “to atone for your sins”
8:35 m25h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כֵ֖ן צֻוֵּֽיתִי 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “this is what he has commanded me”
9:intro s8cl 0 # Leviticus 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nAaron begins to function as the high priest in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Following Yahweh’s instructions\n\nGreat care is taken to show that Aaron perfectly followed Yahweh’s instructions. Moses records every detail to show how Aaron correctly followed Yahweh.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “Fire came out from Yahweh”\n\nAaron did not create the fire that consumed his sacrifice. Instead, Yahweh miraculously began the fire which consumed the sacrifice. This showed that the sacrifice was acceptable to him. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])
9:3 jx2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes וְאֶל־ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תְּדַבֵּ֣ר לֵאמֹ֑ר קְח֤וּ שְׂעִיר־ עִזִּים֙ 1 This is the beginning of a direct quote within a direct quote. You can change this into an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “And you must tell the people of Israel to take a male goat”
9:6 m2gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה תַּעֲשׂ֑וּ 1 Here, **you** refers to the people of Israel.
9:6 p7cq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְיֵרָ֥א אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם כְּב֥וֹד יְהוָֽה 1 Here, **glory** represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “so that Yahweh may show you the glory of his presence”
9:7 k98c וַעֲשֵׂ֞ה אֶת־ חַטָּֽאתְךָ֙ וְאֶת־ עֹ֣לָתֶ֔ךָ & וַעֲשֵׂ֞ה אֶת־ קָרְבַּ֤ן הָעָם֙ וְכַפֵּ֣ר בַּֽעֲדָ֔ם 1 These are two different sacrifices. The first sacrifice is to atone for the sins of the high priest. When the high priest sins it also makes the people guilty ([Leviticus 4:3](../04/03.md)). The second sacrifice is to atone of the sins the people themselves commit.
9:9 q85r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ֠יַּקְרִבוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֣ן אֶת־ הַדָּם֮ אֵלָיו֒ 1 This implies that they caught the **blood** in a bowl as the blood drained from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
9:9 pk8j קַרְנ֣וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 The **horns of the altar** refer to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:7](../04/07.md).
9:9 pp55 יְס֖וֹד הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 Alternate translation: “the bottom of the altar”
9:12 t13n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ֠יַּמְצִאוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֤ן אֵלָיו֙ אֶת־ הַדָּ֔ם 1 It is implied that **the sons of Aaron** caught the **blood** in a bowl as the blood drained from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
9:14 nj4y אֶת־ הַקֶּ֖רֶב 1 Here, **the inner parts** refers to the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
9:15 f5tq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal כָּרִאשֽׁוֹן 1 The word **first** is the ordinal number for one. Alternate translation: “like the goat of the sin offering”
9:17 a8bb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִלְּבַ֖ד עֹלַ֥ת הַבֹּֽקֶר 1 The **burnt offering of the morning** refers to the first sacrifice of each day. The priests would offer this burnt sacrifice in the morning before any other sacrifice. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
9:18 y9tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ֠יַּמְצִאוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֤ן אֶת־ הַדָּם֙ אֵלָ֔יו 1 It is implied that they caught the **blood** in a bowl. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit.
9:19 ju3w וְהַֽמְכַסֶּה֙ 1 The *inner parts** are the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 1:9](../01/09.md).
9:19 q1v7 וְהַכְּלָיֹ֔ת & הַכָּבֵֽד 1 See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:4](../03/04.md).
9:20 cb2c וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ אֶת־ הַחֲלָבִ֖ים עַל־ הֶחָז֑וֹת וַיַּקְטֵ֥ר 1 Alternate translation: “Aaron’s sons then put the fat portions on the breasts, and Aaron burned”
9:20 u277 הֶחָז֑וֹת 1 The breast is front part of the animal’s body below the neck. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:30](../07/30.md).
9:21 lwm2 שׁ֣וֹק הַיָּמִ֔ין 1 The **thigh** is the upper part of the leg above the knee. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:32](../07/32.md).
9:23 d94f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַיֵּרָ֥א כְבוֹד־ יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־ כָּל־ הָעָֽם 1 Here, **glory** represents Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh showed all the people the glory of his presence”
9:24 m6fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַתֹּ֨אכַל֙ & אֶת־ הָעֹלָ֖ה 1 The fire completely burning up the offering is spoken of as if the fire **consumed** or used up the burnt offering.
9:24 da35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ עַל־ פְּנֵיהֶֽם 1 This is a sign respect and honor. Alternate translation: “and lay with their faces to the ground”
10:intro qn6v 0 # Leviticus 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 10:3.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Mourning\n\nAaron was told that he and his remaining sons should not mourn Aaron’s sons who were killed. As priests, they must put priestly work first, before their mourning and personal problems.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “Unapproved fire”\n\nThe phrase “unapproved fire “ indicates that Aaron’s son offered an unacceptable sacrifice. Because of Yahweh’s holiness, this was a serious sin. They may have offered a sacrifice at the wrong time or in the wrong way. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
10:1 ghd1 מַחְתָּת֗וֹ 1 A **censer** is a shallow metal container which priests used to carry hot coals or incense.
10:1 d3vv וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ בָהֵן֙ אֵ֔שׁ 1 Alternate translation: “and they put burning coals in it”
10:1 qem4 וַיַּקְרִ֜בוּ לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֵ֣שׁ זָרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹ֦א צִוָּ֖ה אֹתָֽם 1 Alternate translation: “But Yahweh did not approve of their offering because it was not according to what he commanded them to offer”
10:1 afy8 לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֵ֣שׁ זָרָ֔ה 1 Alternate translation: “unapproved fire to Yahweh”
10:2 et86 וַתֵּ֥צֵא אֵ֛שׁ מִלִּפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה 1 Alternate translation: “So Yahweh sent out fire”
10:2 f9fy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַתֹּ֣אכַל אוֹתָ֑ם 1 The fire completely burning the men up is spoken of as if the fire **devoured** or completely used them up.
10:3 pl7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes הוּא֩ אֲשֶׁר־ דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֤ה׀ לֵאמֹר֙ בִּקְרֹבַ֣י אֶקָּדֵ֔שׁ וְעַל־ פְּנֵ֥י כָל־ הָעָ֖ם אֶכָּבֵ֑ד 1 This has a quotation within a quotation. You can state this as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “This is what Yahweh was talking about when he said that he would reveal his holiness to those who come near him, and that he will be glorified on the faces of the people.”
10:3 c9g1 בִּקְרֹבַ֣י אֶקָּדֵ֔שׁ 1 The phrase **those who come near me** refers to the priests that serve Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will show those that come near to serve me that I am holy” or “Those who come near to serve me must treat me as holy”
10:3 py8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְעַל־ פְּנֵ֥י כָל־ הָעָ֖ם אֶכָּבֵ֑ד 1 This second part of Yahweh’s statement still concerns the priest, who are the ones who come near to Yahweh. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And they must glorify me before all the people” or “And they must honor me in the presence of all the people”
10:4 qzy6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מִֽישָׁאֵל֙ & אֶלְצָפָ֔ן & בְּנֵ֥י עֻזִּיאֵ֖ל 1 **Mishael**, **Elzaphan**, and **Uzziel** are names of men.
10:6 w2ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וּלְאֶלְעָזָר֩ וּלְאִֽיתָמָ֨ר 1 **Eleazar** and **Ithamar** are the names of Aaron’s sons.
10:6 zau7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction רָֽאשֵׁיכֶ֥ם אַל־ תִּפְרָ֣עוּ׀ וּבִגְדֵיכֶ֤ם לֹֽא־ תִפְרֹ֨מוּ֙ 1 Yahweh is telling Aaron and his sons not to show any outward signs of grief or mourning.
10:6 pe72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כָּל־ הָעֵדָ֖ה 1 Here, **assembly** means the whole congregation of Israel, not just a group of leaders. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel”
10:6 cbn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **house** represents the people. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel”
10:6 g4h2 יִבְכּוּ֙ אֶת־ הַשְּׂרֵפָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר שָׂרַ֥ף יְהוָֽה 1 Alternate translation: “may mourn for those whom Yahweh killed with his fire”
10:9 fke8 חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֖ם 1 Here, **It** refers back to the command for the priests to not drink wine or strong drink when they enter the tent of meeting.
10:9 xt68 חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֖ם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶֽם 1 See how you translated these words in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md).
10:10 c51w וּֽלֲהַבְדִּ֔יל 1 You can start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “You must do this so that you will be able to distinguish”
10:10 um6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ וּבֵ֣ין הַחֹ֑ל 1 The nominal adjectives **the set apart** and **the common** can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “what is holy and what is common” or “between what is dedicated to God and what is ordinary”
10:10 h6gu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הַטָּמֵ֖א וּבֵ֥ין הַטָּהֽוֹר 1 The nominal adjectives **the unclean** and **the clean** indicate groups of things. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate these words with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: “what is unclean and what is clean” or “what God will not accept and what he will accept”
10:10 hnd2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַטָּמֵ֖א 1 A person or thing that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch is spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
10:10 hwt7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַטָּהֽוֹר 1 A person or thing that Yahweh has stated is fit to touch is spoken of as if they were physically **clean**.
10:13 lw7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כִּי־ כֵ֖ן צֻוֵּֽיתִי 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh commanded me”
10:14 pj8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּמָק֣וֹם טָה֔וֹר 1 A **place** that is fit to be used for God’s purposes is spoken of as if it were physically **clean**.
10:14 hd3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you אַתָּ֕ה וּבָנֶ֥יךָ וּבְנֹתֶ֖יךָ אִתָּ֑ךְ 1 Here, **you** and **your** refer to Aaron.
10:14 d7ig rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כִּֽי־ חָקְךָ֤ וְחָק־ בָּנֶ֨יךָ֙ נִתְּנ֔וּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh has given them as the share of you and of your sons”
10:15 e8hp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהָיָ֨ה לְךָ֜ וּלְבָנֶ֤יךָ אִתְּךָ֙ לְחָק־ עוֹלָ֔ם 1 Translate this so it is understood that the portion belongs to Aaron and his sons. Alternate translation: “And this portion will always be for you and your sons”
10:17 y3wc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מַדּ֗וּעַ לֹֽא־ אֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם אֶת־ הַֽחַטָּאת֙ בִּמְק֣וֹם הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ כִּ֛י קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים הִ֑וא וְאֹתָ֣הּ׀ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֗ם לָשֵׂאת֙ אֶת־ עֲוֺ֣ן הָעֵדָ֔ה לְכַפֵּ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 Moses uses a question to rebuke Eleazar and Ithamar. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have eaten the sin offering in the holy place, since it is the holiest holy thing, and it he has given to you to take away the iniquity of the assembly, to make atonement for them before the face of Yahweh.”
10:17 d4e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָשֵׂאת֙ אֶת־ עֲוֺ֣ן הָעֵדָ֔ה 1 Causing Yahweh to forgive the people of Israel is spoken of as if their **iniquity** were an object that Yahweh takes from the people.
10:18 yy2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹא־ הוּבָ֣א אֶת־ דָּמָ֔הּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you did not bring its blood”
10:19 yzv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְאָכַ֤לְתִּי חַטָּאת֙ הַיּ֔וֹם הַיִּיטַ֖ב בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 These sacrifices were to be eaten with joy and happiness. Aaron uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh would not be pleased for him to eat the sacrifices since he is sad because of his sons’ deaths. This question may be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Certainly, Yahweh would not have been pleased if I had eaten the sin offering today.”
11:intro i427 0 # Leviticus 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n\n### Laws about food\n\nThis chapter contains a list of the animals the Israelites were not allowed to eat. Further research may be needed to determine the exact location of different parts of an animal. Many of these foods are not consumed to this day because they cause diseases, but it is unclear why the other foods are prohibited.\n\nEating unclean foods made a person unclean. The process of consuming these types of foods spread the uncleanliness to a person. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
11:2 sc39 מִכָּל־ הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה 1 Alternate translation: “from any of the animals”
11:3 yce6 מַפְרֶ֣סֶת פַּרְסָ֗ה 1 This means the **hoof** is split into two parts instead of being one whole.
11:3 f7fg מַעֲלַ֥ת גֵּרָ֖ה 1 This means an animal that brings its food up from its stomach and **chews** it again.
11:4 c9gz מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ הַגֵּרָ֔ה וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י הַפַּרְסָ֑ה 1 That is, they match one condition or the other, but not both.
11:4 j7ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶֽת־ הַ֠גָּמָל & טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם 1 The **camel** being unfit for the people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
11:5 b1fc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַשָּׁפָ֗ן 1 A **rock badger** is a small animal that lives in rocky places.
11:5 c39c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם 1 The rock badger, which God declared to be unfit for the people to eat, is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
11:13 gs9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַפֶּ֔רֶס 1 A **vulture** is a bird that feeds on dead animals and on rodents and dead animals.
11:14 x7r3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ֨דָּאָ֔ה & הָאַיָּ֖ה 1 A **kite** and **falcon** are birds that are either awake at night or feed on rodents and dead animals.
11:15 mm47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown עֹרֵ֖ב 1 A **raven** is a bird that feeds on rodents and dead animals.
11:16 da3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַֽיַּעֲנָ֔ה & הַתַּחְמָ֖ס & הַשָּׁ֑חַף & הַנֵּ֖ץ 1 These are birds that feed on rodents and dead animals.
11:17 i5zy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַכּ֥וֹס & הַשָּׁלָ֖ךְ & הַיַּנְשֽׁוּף 1 These are birds that eat rodents and insects.
11:18 thz2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַתִּנְשֶׁ֥מֶת & הַקָּאָ֖ת & הָרָחָֽם 1 These are birds that eat fish, rodents, and insects and are awake mainly at night.
11:19 v489 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַדּוּכִיפַ֖ת 1 The **hoopoe** is a bird that eats rodents and insects and is awake mainly at night.
11:19 gzj5 הָעֲטַלֵּֽף 1 Although not a bird, the **bat** is included in this list because it has wings and flies. It has a furry body and is awake mainly at night. It eats insects and rodents.
11:20 ad7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **detestable**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “you will hate it”
11:20 a5q6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כֹּ֚ל שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־ אַרְבַּ֑ע 1 Here the phrase **all fours** is an idiom that means to crawl on the ground on four legs. This sets these insects apart from other flying things, such as birds, that have only two feet. Alternate translation: “Every four-legged flying insect that crawls on the ground”
11:22 dqs7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־ הָֽאַרְבֶּ֣ה & הַסָּלְעָ֖ם & הַחַרְגֹּ֣ל & הֶחָגָ֖ב 1 These are small insects that eat plants and can jump.
11:24 brn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּטַּמָּ֑אוּ 1 A person who is unacceptable for God’s purposes because he has touched one of these dead animals is spoken of as if the person were physically **unclean**.
11:26 a8h8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְֽכָל־ הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה & טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם 1 These animals that God declared to be unfit for the people to eat are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
11:26 ul4d וְשֶׁ֣סַע׀ אֵינֶ֣נָּה שֹׁסַ֗עַת 1 This refers to a **hoof** that is completely split into two parts instead of being one whole. See how you translated these in [Leviticus 11:3](../11/03.md).
11:26 akk4 וְגֵרָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נָּה מַעֲלָ֔ה 1 An animal **chews the cud** if it brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again. See how you translated these in [Leviticus 11:3](../11/03.md).
11:26 y9xh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּל־ הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּהֶ֖ם יִטְמָֽא 1 A person who is unacceptable for God’s purposes because he has touched one of these animals is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
11:29 em5c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְזֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ הַטָּמֵ֔א 1 God speaks of the animals that he declares are unfit for people to touch or eat as if they were physically **unclean**.
11:29 d6ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַחֹ֥לֶד 1 A **weasel** is a small animal with brown fur that eats birds and small animals.
11:29 k1av rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְהַצָּ֥ב לְמִינֵֽהוּ 1 This refers to different kinds of reptiles with four legs.
11:30 qr8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְהָאֲנָקָ֥ה וְהַכֹּ֖חַ וְהַלְּטָאָ֑ה וְהַחֹ֖מֶט וְהַתִּנְשָֽׁמֶת 1 These are different kinds of reptiles with four legs.
11:31 e482 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֵ֛לֶּה הַטְּמֵאִ֥ים לָכֶ֖ם 1 These animals that God declared to be unfit for people to touch or eat are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
11:31 l2sr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּל־ הַנֹּגֵ֧עַ בָּהֶ֛ם בְּמֹתָ֖ם יִטְמָ֥א 1 A person who is unacceptable for God’s purposes because he has touched one of these dead animals is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
11:32 b5he rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְכֹ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־ יִפֹּל־ עָלָיו֩ מֵהֶ֨ם׀ בְּמֹתָ֜ם יִטְמָ֗א 1 Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch because one of these dead animals has fallen on it is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
11:32 u25t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בַּמַּ֧יִם יוּבָ֛א 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must put it into water”
11:32 sxi2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵֽר 1 Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch after it has been washed is spoken of as if it were physically **clean**.
11:34 uwh4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְמָ֑א & יִטְמָֽא 1 Food becomes unacceptable for the people to eat because unclean water has fallen on it is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
11:35 dg8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֻתָּ֖ץ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must break to pieces” or “you must shatter”
11:36 fcx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַעְיָ֥ן וּב֛וֹר & יִהְיֶ֣ה טָה֑וֹר 1 Water that the people are permitted to drink from **a spring or cistern** is spoken of as if it were physically **clean**.
11:36 n5nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְמָֽא 1 A person who is unacceptable for God’s purposes because he has touched the carcass of one of these animals is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
11:37 u7nr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָה֖וֹר הֽוּא 1 Seeds that God has permitted the people to plant are spoken of as if they are physically **clean**.
11:38 as1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכִ֤י יֻתַּן־ מַ֨יִם֙ עַל־ זֶ֔רַע 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if you put water on the seeds”
11:38 zl8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם 1 Seeds that God has not permitted to plant are spoken of as if they were **unclean**.
11:39 bm8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖הּ יִטְמָ֥א 1 A person who is unacceptable for God’s purposes because he **touches** the body of a dead animal is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
11:41 kd84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it is detestable and you must not eat it”
11:43 fzj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אַל־ תְּשַׁקְּצוּ֙ אֶת־ נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם & וְלֹ֤א תִֽטַּמְּאוּ֙ 1 Yahweh repeats the same idea twice in order to strengthen the command that they are not to eat any unclean animal.
11:43 hj9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹ֤א תִֽטַּמְּאוּ֙ 1 A person who is unacceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
11:47 x81a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בֵּ֥ין הַטָּמֵ֖א וּבֵ֣ין הַטָּהֹ֑ר 1 Animals that God declared to be unfit for the people to touch or eat are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**, and those which he declared to be acceptable for the people to touch and eat are spoken of as if they were physically **clean**.
11:47 e7h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַֽנֶּאֱכֶ֔לֶת & אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֥א תֵאָכֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you may eat … that you may not eat”
12:intro p2iu 0 # Leviticus 12 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Menstruation\n\nA woman was considered to be unclean after she began to bleed from her womb every month and after having a baby. This was because all blood was considered to be unclean. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]])
12:2 wr5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִשָּׁה֙ כִּ֣י תַזְרִ֔יעַ וְיָלְדָ֖ה זָכָ֑ר וְטָֽמְאָה֙ 1 A woman whom other people must not touch because she is bleeding from her womb is spoken of as if she were physically **unclean**.
12:2 tuc3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism כִּימֵ֛י נִדַּ֥ת דְּוֺתָ֖הּ 1 This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb.
12:3 rcr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִמּ֖וֹל בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ 1 Only the priest could perform this action. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a priest must circumcise the baby boy”
12:5 esy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמְאָ֥ה שְׁבֻעַ֖יִם 1 A woman whom other people must not touch because she is bleeding from her womb is spoken of as if she were physically **unclean**.
12:5 z4ub rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism כְּנִדָּתָ֑הּ 1 This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 12:2](../12/02.md).
12:6 yy8n וּבִמְלֹ֣את׀ יְמֵ֣י טָהֳרָ֗הּ 1 Alternate translation: “And when the days of the mother’s purification are finished”
12:6 cz1p לְבֵן֮ א֣וֹ לְבַת֒ 1 This refers to the different number of days for purification based on if she gave birth to a **son** or a **daughter**.
12:7 w9ty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְטָהֲרָ֖ה מִמְּקֹ֣ר דָּמֶ֑יהָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And this will cleanse her from her bleeding occurring during childbirth”
12:8 vh6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאִם־ לֹ֨א תִמְצָ֣א יָדָהּ֮ דֵּ֣י שֶׂה֒ 1 Translate this so it clarifies the woman’s inability to purchase a sacrificial animal. Alternate translation: “If she does not have enough money to buy a lamb”
12:8 q6q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵֽרָה 1 A woman whom other people may touch is spoken of as if she were physically **clean**.
13:intro fn27 0 # Leviticus 13 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Skin disease\n\nThis chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin disease, which would make a person unclean. This was important because these diseases could have easily spread among the people in the ancient Near East. This is also true concerning things growing on clothing or things that touch a person’s skin. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
13:2 gy4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהוּבָא֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “then someone must bring him” or “then he must go”
13:3 k3cb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמֵּ֥א אֹתֽוֹ 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**. Alternate translation: “must pronounce the man unclean”
13:5 a6bj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי֒ 1 The word **seventh** is the ordinal form of “seven.” Alternate translation: “on day seven”
13:5 z468 וְהִנֵּ֤ה הַנֶּ֨גַע֙ עָמַ֣ד בְּעֵינָ֔יו לֹֽא־ פָשָׂ֥ה הַנֶּ֖גַע בָּע֑וֹר 1 This means if the skin disease has not increased in size or moved to other parts of the body.
13:6 cx9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהֲר֤וֹ הַכֹּהֵן֙ & וְטָהֵֽר 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:8 ym6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמְּא֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:9 f447 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהוּבָ֖א אֶל־ הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 The **priest** would determine if a disease was spreading. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “then someone must bring him to the priest” or “then he must go to the priest”
13:10 y3fz וּמִֽחְיַ֛ת בָּשָׂ֥ר חַ֖י 1 Here, **new raw flesh** could refer to open sores on the skin or it could refer to new skin that has grown, but the area around it is still diseased. Either one indicates that the skin disease is not healing properly.
13:11 l2em צָרַ֨עַת נוֹשֶׁ֤נֶת 1 A **chronic** **disease** is one that continues or reoccurs over a long period of time.
13:11 w1up rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמְּא֖וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֑ן & כִּ֥י טָמֵ֖א הֽוּא 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:13 fw71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהַ֖ר אֶת־ הַנָּ֑גַע & טָה֥וֹר הֽוּא 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean and the man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean.
13:14 jl2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְמָֽא 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:15 nz1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמְּא֑וֹ & טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:17 q53z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהַ֧ר הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֶת־ הַנֶּ֖גַע 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:19 gc9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִרְאָ֖ה אֶל־ הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “then he must show it to the priest”
13:20 c8ux rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמְּא֧וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֛ן 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:22 k8b8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמֵּ֧א הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֹת֖וֹ 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:23 cfg4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהֲר֖וֹ הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:25 a7iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמֵּ֤א אֹתוֹ֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:27 a6sa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמֵּ֤א הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֹת֔וֹ 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:28 rye3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִֽהֲרוֹ֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:30 ks4d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִמֵּ֨א אֹת֤וֹ הַכֹּהֵן֙ 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:33 li6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַנֶּ֖תֶק לֹ֣א יְגַלֵּ֑חַ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but he must not shave the hair on the sore”
13:34 c5dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהַ֤ר אֹתוֹ֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן & וְטָהֵֽר 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:35 xt5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַחֲרֵ֖י טָהֳרָתֽוֹ 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:36 p6fx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֥א הֽוּא 1 The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:37 grx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָה֣וֹר ה֑וּא וְטִהֲר֖וֹ הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:39 e8v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations טָה֥וֹר הֽוּא 1 Here, **He** refers to both men and women in general. Alternate translation: “That person is clean”
13:39 gbm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָה֥וֹר הֽוּא 1 The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:40 b37h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָה֥וֹר הֽוּא 1 The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
13:44 i6x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֣א ה֑וּא טַמֵּ֧א יְטַמְּאֶ֛נּוּ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן 1 The person whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:45 m4ek rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמֵ֥א׀ טָמֵ֖א 1 The person whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
13:46 zw43 מִח֥וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה 1 The **camp** is the area where the majority of Israelites lived. The unclean person was not permitted to live among them because his disease may spread to others.
13:47 yjv7 וְהַבֶּ֕גֶד כִּֽי־ יִהְיֶ֥ה ב֖וֹ נֶ֣גַע צָרָ֑עַת 1 Alternate translation: “A garment that has and infection of skin disease in it” or “A garment that is diseased with an infection”
13:48 ww38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בְּכָל־ מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֽוֹר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “in anything that someone has made from leather”
13:49 bk97 וְהָיָ֨ה הַנֶּ֜גַע יְרַקְרַ֣ק׀ א֣וֹ אֲדַמְדָּ֗ם בַּבֶּגֶד֩ 1 Alternate translation: “if there is greenish or reddish infection in the garment”
13:49 xcr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָרְאָ֖ה אֶת־ הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And he owner must show it to a priest”
13:51 b5hr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י 1 The word **seventh” is the ordinal number for “seven.” Alternate translation: “on day seven”
13:51 n4xg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־ יֵעָשֶׂ֥ה הָע֖וֹר לִמְלָאכָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “anything in which a person uses leather”
13:51 b3jb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֥א הֽוּא 1 Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
13:52 r25j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בָּאֵ֖שׁ תִּשָּׂרֵֽף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must burn the item in the fire”
13:54 zq9x וְצִוָּה֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן 1 Here the **priest** is telling the people what to do with household items that were possibly infected. Alternate translation: “then the priest will command the owners”
13:55 wsk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אַחֲרֵ֣י׀ הֻכַּבֵּ֣ס 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after they have washed”
13:55 twr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֣א ה֔וּא 1 Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
13:56 h4my rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אַחֲרֵ֖י הֻכַּבֵּ֣ס אֹת֑וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after the owner washed it”
13:58 bc84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְסָ֥ר מֵהֶ֖ם הַנָּ֑גַע 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the item is no longer infected”
13:58 kxv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכֻבַּ֥ס 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the owner must wash it”
13:58 bbr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵֽר 1 Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically **clean**.
13:59 h98k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְטַהֲר֖וֹ א֥וֹ לְטַמְּאֽוֹ 1 Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically **clean** and something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
14:intro u79h 0 # Leviticus 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Skin disease and mildew\n\nThis chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin disease, which would make a person unclean. This was important because these diseases could have easily spread among the people in the ancient Near East. This was also true for the things which could have touched a person’s skin. This chapter explains how the priest was to treat the person suffering with a skin disease. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
14:2 d521 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהוּבָ֖א אֶל־ הַכֹּהֵֽן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And someone must bring him to the priest” or “And he must go to the priest”
14:4 slt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לַמִּטַּהֵ֛ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for the person he is cleansing”
14:4 t9pk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׁתֵּֽי־ צִפֳּרִ֥ים חַיּ֖וֹת טְהֹר֑וֹת 1 The **birds** that God allowed the people to eat and offer as sacrifices are spoken of as if they were physically **clean**.
14:4 ws3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְאֵזֹֽב 1 The word **hyssop** refer to a herb with a pleasant smell that was used for medicine.
14:6 aws9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַשְּׁחֻטָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the bird that the person killed”
14:7 cj5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵ֛ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the person he is cleansing”
14:7 m1fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִ֣הֲר֔וֹ 1 The person whom other people may touch and who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
14:8 dni4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵ֨ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the person whom the priest is cleansing”
14:8 v8ty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵ֔ר 1 The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
14:10 vzq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים 1 One **ephah** is 22 liters.
14:10 ys2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְלֹ֥ג אֶחָ֖ד שָֽׁמֶן 1 One **log** was 0.3 liters.
14:11 d4tp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֵ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the person he is cleansing”
14:12 i44p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume לֹ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן 1 One **log** was 0.3 liters.
14:13 i44q בִּמְק֣וֹם הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ 1 Here, **in the holy place** clarifies the previous phrase and further defines where the priest was to kill the lamb.
14:14 pnv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the person he is cleansing”
14:15 zyb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume מִלֹּ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן 1 One **log** was 0.3 liters.
14:16 f3cv וְהִזָּ֨ה מִן־ הַשֶּׁ֧מֶן & לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 There is no indication of what the priest sprinkled the **oil** on. Alternate translation: “sprinkle some of the oil … in Yahweh’s presence”
14:17 c24c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵר֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the person whom he is cleansing”
14:19 hs6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the person he is cleansing”
14:20 jn3n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵֽר 1 The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
14:21 azv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לִתְנוּפָ֖ה לְכַפֵּ֣ר עָלָ֑יו 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the priest will wave to make atonement for him”
14:21 hwj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְעִשָּׂר֨וֹן סֹ֜לֶת אֶחָ֨ד 1 One-tenth of an **ephah** is 22 liters.
14:21 aj8d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְלֹ֥ג שָֽׁמֶן 1 One **log** was 0.3 liters.
14:24 u8i7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume לֹ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן 1 One **log** was 0.3 liters.
14:25 g7wh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one he is cleansing”
14:27 lk7b וְהִזָּ֤ה הַכֹּהֵן֙ & מִן־ הַשֶּׁ֕מֶן & לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 There is no indication of what the priest sprinkled the **oil** on. Alternate translation: “And the priest will sprinkle … some of the oil … in Yahweh’s presence”
14:28 n3d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵר֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one he is cleansing”
14:31 ap91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one he is cleansing”
14:32 p78r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־ תַשִּׂ֥יג יָד֖וֹ 1 Translate this so it is clear that the person does not have enough money to purchase a standard offering. Alternate translation: “who does not have enough money to buy”
14:34 snu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you כִּ֤י תָבֹ֨אוּ֙ 1 Here, **you** refers to the people of Israel.
14:34 ap3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֶ֥רֶץ אֲחֻזַּתְכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **possession**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “in the land that you possess”
14:36 q9ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְלֹ֥א יִטְמָ֖א כָּל־ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּבָּ֑יִת 1 Once the priest declared **the house** to be unclean, everything in the house became **unclean**, as well. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that he does not need to declare anything left in the house to be unclean”
14:36 uq4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹ֥א יִטְמָ֖א כָּל־ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּבָּ֑יִת 1 The house that Yahweh has stated is unfit for people to touch or live in is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
14:37 nv5n וּמַרְאֵיהֶ֥ן שָׁפָ֖ל מִן־ הַקִּֽיר 1 This means the priest is to determine whether mildew has gone **deeper** that just the surface of the **wall**.
14:40 j27k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מָק֖וֹם טָמֵֽא 1 A place that is unfit for people to occupy or to be used for God’s purposes is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
14:41 r6rp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאֶת־ הַבַּ֛יִת יַקְצִ֥עַ מִבַּ֖יִת סָבִ֑יב 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And he will tell the owner of the house to scrape it and all its walls”
14:41 y6tq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מָק֖וֹם טָמֵֽא 1 A **place** that is unfit for people to occupy or to be used for God’s purposes is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
14:43 bcz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אַחַ֖ר חִלֵּ֣ץ אֶת־ הָאֲבָנִ֑ים וְאַחֲרֵ֛י הִקְצ֥וֹת אֶת־ הַבַּ֖יִת וְאַחֲרֵ֥י הִטּֽוֹחַ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after the owner takes away the stones, scrapes the walls, and covers the new stones with clay”
14:44 m5cx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֥א הֽוּא 1 A house that is unfit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
14:45 j2th rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנָתַ֣ץ אֶת־ הַבַּ֗יִת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And they must tear the house down”
14:46 je7y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהַבָּא֙ אֶל־ הַבַּ֔יִת & יִטְמָ֖א 1 A person whom other people may not touch and who is not acceptable for God’s purposes because he has entered the house is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.
14:48 aw4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הִטֹּ֣חַ אֶת־ הַבָּ֑יִת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the owner put new clay on the stones”
14:48 h8ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהַ֤ר הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֶת־ הַבַּ֔יִת 1 The house that is fit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically **clean**.
14:51 cq38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַשְּׁחוּטָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the bird that he killed”
14:57 mf15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַטָּמֵ֖א & הַטָּהֹ֑ר 1 People and items that other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**, and those which people may touch are spoken of as if they were physically **clean**.
15:intro zp3s 0 # Leviticus 15 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Bodily fluid\n\nThis chapter discusses fluids that come out of the body. These fluids caused a person to be unclean because of their potential to cause diseases. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])\n\n### Cleanliness\n\nWhile these rules about cleanliness are intended to benefit the Israelites and promote their health, they also were about making Israel into a separate and holy nation, different from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
15:2 rq7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism מִבְּשָׂר֔וֹ 1 This refers to the man’s private parts.
15:2 t2h2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָמֵ֥א הֽוּא 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
15:4 r4wq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְמָ֑א & יִטְמָֽא 1 The bed or anything that the man sits on that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:5 eph5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאִ֕ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִגַּ֖ע בְּמִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ & וְטָמֵ֥א 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
15:6 en8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמֵ֥א 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
15:8 j7ua rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בַּטָּה֑וֹר 1 The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
15:8 y923 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמֵ֥א 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
15:9 v5rf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְכָל־ הַמֶּרְכָּ֗ב & יִטְמָֽא 1 Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
15:10 t3d9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְמָ֖א & וְטָמֵ֥א 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean.
15:12 g4sf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּכְלִי־ חֶ֛רֶשׂ אֲשֶׁר־ יִגַּע־ בּ֥וֹ הַזָּ֖ב יִשָּׁבֵ֑ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And someone must break any clay pot that the one with such a flow of fluid touches”
15:12 r356 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכָל־ כְּלִי־ עֵ֔ץ יִשָּׁטֵ֖ף בַּמָּֽיִם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and someone must rinse every wooden container in water”
15:13 g7s1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְהַ֤ר & מִזּוֹב֔וֹ 1 The man recovering from his sickness is spoken of as if he becomes physically clean. Alternate translation: “is healed from his flow”
15:13 oh1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִטְהַ֤ר & מִזּוֹב֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “recovers from his flow”
15:13 r4t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵֽר 1 The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
15:16 p5mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמֵ֥א 1 People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:17 nnc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְכָל־ בֶּ֣גֶד וְכָל־ ע֔וֹר אֲשֶׁר־ יִהְיֶ֥ה עָלָ֖יו שִׁכְבַת־ זָ֑רַע וְכֻבַּ֥ס בַּמַּ֖יִם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And someone must wash with water every garment or leather on which there is semen”
15:18 m4i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְאִשָּׁ֕ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁכַּ֥ב אִ֛ישׁ אֹתָ֖הּ 1 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “And if man has sexual relations with a woman”
15:19 j9uv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְכָל־ הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּ֖הּ יִטְמָ֥א 1 People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:21 wyi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמֵ֥א 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean**.
15:24 k2wv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְאִ֡ם שָׁכֹב֩ יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אִ֜ישׁ אֹתָ֗הּ 1 This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “And if any man has sexual relations with her”
15:24 qy1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִטְמָֽא 1 People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:25 he4r כָּל־ יְמֵ֞י ז֣וֹב טֻמְאָתָ֗הּ כִּימֵ֧י נִדָּתָ֛הּ תִּהְיֶ֖ה 1 This means that if the woman bleeds from her womb at any time other than her regular **menstruation** time, she is still unclean just like during her menstruation.
15:25 z9ja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טְמֵאָ֥ה הִֽוא 1 People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:26 k8wz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְכָֽל־ הַכְּלִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּשֵׁ֣ב עָלָ֔יו טָמֵ֣א יִהְיֶ֔ה 1 Objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:27 n6w8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְכָל־ הַנּוֹגֵ֥עַ בָּ֖ם יִטְמָ֑א & וְטָמֵ֥א 1 People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:28 q2f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָהֲרָ֖ה מִזּוֹבָ֑הּ 1 The woman recovering from her bleeding is spoken of as if she becomes physically clean. Alternate translation: “she is healed from her flow of blood”
15:28 wynt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive טָהֲרָ֖ה מִזּוֹבָ֑הּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “she recovers from her flow of blood”
15:28 aw6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּטְהָֽר 1 The woman whom other people may touch is spoken of as if she were physically **clean**.
15:31 ayf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִזַּרְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־ בְּנֵי־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִטֻּמְאָתָ֑ם 1 Yahweh speaks of preventing the people from becoming unclean as if it were keeping the people at a safe distance from uncleanness.
15:31 qmq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְהִזַּרְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־ בְּנֵי־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִטֻּמְאָתָ֑ם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **uncleanness**, you can express the same idea with “unclean.” Alternate translation: “And you must prevent the people of Israel from becoming unclean”
15:31 z8ta rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִטֻּמְאָתָ֑ם 1 People whom other people may not touch and who are not acceptable for God’s purposes are spoken of as if they were physically unclean.
15:32 mf54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְטָמְאָה 1 People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
15:33 z57j וְהַדָּוָה֙ בְּנִדָּתָ֔הּ 1 Alternate translation: “and for a woman who is menstruating” or “and for a woman who is bleeding from her womb”
15:33 u1j5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁכַּ֖ב עִם־ 1 This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “who has sexual relations with”
15:33 da8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טְמֵאָֽה 1 People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically **unclean**.
16:intro g4sb 0 # Leviticus 16 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Holiness\n\nBecause Yahweh is holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. This could only happen on a specific day, by a specific person, and only after they offered the proper sacrifice to make themselves clean. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])\n\n### Day of Atonement\n\nThis chapter gives rules for what the high priest had to do on the Day of Atonement. This was the most important day in Judaism. This is when he interceded for the sins of the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/highpriest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
16:1 j5x7 שְׁנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֑ן 1 The phrase **the two sons of Aaron** refers to Nadab and Abihu, who died because they brought fire to Yahweh that he did not approve ([Leviticus 10:1–2](../10/01.md)).
16:4 l4te וּמִֽכְנְסֵי־ בַד֮ 1 These **undergarments** were clothing worn next to the skin under the outer clothes.
16:4 w2r2 וּבְאַבְנֵ֥ט בַּד֙ 1 A **sash** is a piece of cloth that ties around the waist or chest.
16:4 cdp7 וּבְמִצְנֶ֥פֶת בַּ֖ד 1 A **turban** is a head covering made from wrapped strips of cloth.
16:5 sb1l וּמֵאֵ֗ת עֲדַת֙ 1 Alternate translation: “And from the congregation of”
16:6 pz6c הַחַטָּ֖את אֲשֶׁר־ ל֑וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “as the sin offering for himself”
16:8 x47b לַעֲזָאזֵֽל 1 Aaron was to have someone set the goat free in the wilderness. Alternate translation: “the scapegoat” or “for the goat that is sent away”
16:9 zfb1 אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָלָ֥ה עָלָ֛יו הַגּוֹרָ֖ל 1 Alternate translation: “which the lot designated”
16:10 w2u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהַשָּׂעִ֗יר & יָֽעֳמַד־ חַ֛י 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But Aaron must bring the goat … alive”
16:11 gla3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשָׁחַ֛ט 1 Aaron would catch the blood of the bull in a bowl so he could later sprinkle it on the atonement lid. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “And he must slaughter and catch the blood of”
16:12 qg8f מְלֹֽא־ הַ֠מַּחְתָּה 1 A **censor** is a container for fire and incense, used by the priests.
16:14 q6jm מִדַּ֣ם הַפָּ֔ר 1 This is the **blood** Aaron caught with a bowl in [Leviticus 16:11](../16/11.md).
16:14 l8cz עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַכַּפֹּ֖רֶת 1 He put the blood on the top part of the **lid** that was towards him as he entered the most holy place.
16:14 c3u7 וְלִפְנֵ֣י הַכַּפֹּ֗רֶת 1 This could mean: (1) “And below the atonement lid onto the chest” or (2) “And onto the ground in front of the atonement lid.”
16:15 z5rn וְהִזָּ֥ה אֹת֛וֹ עַל־ הַכַּפֹּ֖רֶת וְלִפְנֵ֥י הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת 1 Aaron sprinkled the blood in the same manner that he did with the bull’s blood. See how you translated the previous instructions in [Leviticus 16:14](../16/14.md).
16:16 p9s9 וְכִפֶּ֣ר עַל־ הַקֹּ֗דֶשׁ מִטֻּמְאֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 The sins of the people of **Israel** made the **holy place** unclean.
16:16 p2fa מִטֻּמְאֹת֙ & וּמִפִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֖ם & חַטֹּאתָ֑ם 1 The words **uncleanness**, **rebellion**, and **sins** mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the people have committed all kinds of sins.
16:16 ie53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִטֻּמְאֹת֙ 1 Sinful actions which make people unacceptable to Yahweh are spoken of as if they were physically unclean.
16:16 c3bl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּת֖וֹךְ טֻמְאֹתָֽם 1 The phrase **their uncleanness** represents the people who commit sinful actions. Alternate translation: “in the presence of people who commit sinful actions”
16:18 jra4 וְיָצָ֗א אֶל־ הַמִּזְבֵּ֛חַ אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִפְנֵֽי־ יְהוָ֖ה 1 This is the **altar** of sacrifice just inside the courtyard of the tabernacle.
16:18 nlh4 וְכִפֶּ֣ר עָלָ֑יו 1 Like the holy place and tent of meeting, the altar is unclean because of the sins of the people.
16:18 ugh7 קַרְנ֥וֹת הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ 1 The **horns of the altar** refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 4:7](../04/07.md). Alternate translation: “the projections at the corners of the altar”
16:19 tlc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטִהֲר֣וֹ 1 Making the altar fit to be used for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the priest were physically cleansing it.
16:19 vez3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְקִדְּשׁ֔וֹ מִטֻּמְאֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 The altar being dedicated to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were being physically separated from the sins of the people.
16:19 im8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִטֻּמְאֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Sinful actions which make people unacceptable to Yahweh are spoken of as if they were physical **uncleanness**.
16:20 c4dz וְהִקְרִ֖יב אֶת־ הַשָּׂעִ֥יר הֶחָֽי 1 This **goat** is called the scapegoat in verse [Leviticus 16:10](../16/10.md).
16:21 ak31 וְהִתְוַדָּ֣ה עָלָ֗יו 1 Alternate translation: “and confess over the goat”
16:21 xn8e עֲוֺנֹת֙ & פִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֖ם & חַטֹּאתָ֑ם 1 The words **wickedness**, **rebellion**, and **sins** mean basically the same thing. Aaron is confessing every kind of sin that the people committed.
16:21 luj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְנָתַ֤ן אֹתָם֙ עַל־ רֹ֣אשׁ הַשָּׂעִ֔יר 1 Aaron’s actions here were a symbolic transfer of the people’s sin to the **goat** as a sign that the goat would bear the punishment for their guilt.
16:23 d54v וּפָשַׁט֙ אֶת־ בִּגְדֵ֣י הַבָּ֔ד 1 These were the special **garments** Aaron wore only when he entered the most holy place.
16:24 aje8 וְרָחַ֨ץ אֶת־ בְּשָׂר֤וֹ בַמַּ֨יִם֙ בְּמָק֣וֹם קָד֔וֹשׁ 1 Here, **holy place** does not refer to the tent of meeting. This was a different place set aside for him to **bathe** himself.
16:24 am7z וְלָבַ֖שׁ אֶת־ בְּגָדָ֑יו 1 These **garments** were the clothes that Aaron wore for his ordinary duties.
16:25 i3q5 יַקְטִ֥יר 1 Alternate translation: “Aaron must burn”
16:26 ux3v וְהַֽמְשַׁלֵּ֤חַ אֶת־ הַשָּׂעִיר֙ לַֽעֲזָאזֵ֔ל יְכַבֵּ֣ס בְּגָדָ֔יו וְרָחַ֥ץ אֶת־ בְּשָׂר֖וֹ בַּמָּ֑יִם 1 The man was unclean because of his contact with the scapegoat, which carried the sin of the people.
16:26 wer6 לַֽעֲזָאזֵ֔ל 1 See how you translated this in [Leviticus 16:8](../16/08.md). Alternate translation: “the goat that is sent away”
16:27 zfe4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֨ר הוּבָ֤א אֶת־ דָּמָם֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whose blood Aaron brought in”
16:27 w3zh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יוֹצִ֖יא 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone must carry”
16:27 siz5 אֶת־ עֹרֹתָ֥ם 1 Here, **their** refers to the bull and the goat. A **hide** is the skin of an animal. Alternate translation: “the skins of the bull and the goat”
16:29 xdf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you לָכֶ֖ם 1 The word **you** is plural and refers to the people of Israel.
16:29 b4lj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ֠שְּׁבִיעִי בֶּֽעָשׂ֨וֹר לַחֹ֜דֶשׁ 1 This is the **seventh month** of the Hebrew calendar. The **tenth day** is near the end of September on the western calendar.
16:29 uo7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ֠שְּׁבִיעִי בֶּֽעָשׂ֨וֹר לַחֹ֜דֶשׁ 1 The words **seventh** and **tenth** are the ordinal forms of “seven” and “ten”. Alternate translation: “in month seven on day ten of the month”
16:30 x3yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יְכַפֵּ֥ר עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Aaron will make atonement for you”
16:30 qxv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְטַהֵ֣ר אֶתְכֶ֑ם & תִּטְהָֽרוּ 1 People who are acceptable for God’s purposes are spoken of as if they were physically made **clean**.
16:31 aut2 שַׁבַּ֨ת שַׁבָּת֥וֹן הִיא֙ לָכֶ֔ם 1 This is not the same as the Sabbath they observed every week on the seventh day. This was a special Sabbath on the Day of Atonement.
16:32 t3xf תַּ֣חַת אָבִ֑יו 1 When the high priest died, one of his sons would replace him.
16:32 g6n6 בִּגְדֵ֥י הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 These **holy garments** were special clothes the high priest must wear when he enters the most holy place.
16:33 cx4j כָּל־ עַ֥ם הַקָּהָ֖ל 1 Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel”
17:intro eez5 0 # Leviticus 17 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Sacrifices\n\nSacrifices could only be offered by the priests at the temple. Any other sacrifice was strictly prohibited. This was probably intended to ensure that the people were only offering sacrifices to Yahweh and not to another god. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “The life of each creature is its blood”\n\nIt is unclear why the life is described as being in the blood. It is possible that diseases were more common in the blood and this is why it was prohibited. Blood is also necessary for life to continue in a creature. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]])
17:4 r4p2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרַ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמּֽוֹ 1 A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been **cut off** from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “that person must be cut off from among his people as a branch is cut from a tree”
17:4 zibd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרַ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמּֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person may no longer live among his people” or “you must separate that person from his people”
17:7 szx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם 1 The people being unfaithful to Yahweh by worshiping false gods is spoken of as if they were prostitutes who sold their bodies for money. Alternate translation: “for which they are unfaithful to Yahweh”
17:9 zxi2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרַ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא מֵעַמָּֽיו 1 A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been **cut off from his people**, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “that person must be cut off from among his people like a branch is cut from a tree”
17:9 cp6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרַ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא מֵעַמָּֽיו 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person may no longer live among his people” or “you must separate that person from his people”
17:10 c9dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנָתַתִּ֣י פָנַ֗י בַּנֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ 1 The idiom **set my face against** means he “firmly decided to oppose.” Alternate translation: “I have made up my mind to oppose that person”
17:10 ppg2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹתָ֖הּ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ 1 A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been **cut off** from **his people**, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “I will not permit that person to live among his people any longer” or “I will separate that person from his people”
17:11 nv7w כִּ֣י נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַבָּשָׂר֮ בַּדָּ֣ם הִוא֒ & כִּֽי־ הַדָּ֥ם ה֖וּא בַּנֶּ֥פֶשׁ יְכַפֵּֽר 1 This means God uses the **blood** to atone for the sins of the people because the blood is **life**. The people should not consume the blood because it has this special purpose.
17:12 vd5b אָמַ֨רְתִּי֙ 1 Here, **I** refers to Yahweh.
17:12 c3ee כָּל־ נֶ֥פֶשׁ מִכֶּ֖ם לֹא־ תֹ֣אכַל דָּ֑ם 1 Alternate translation: “no one among you may eat meat with blood in it”
17:13 s1lw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֑ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that I have said they may eat”
17:14 abd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־ בָּשָׂ֗ר דָּמ֣וֹ 1 This means that the **blood** is enables the creature to be alive. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “each creature is able to live because of its blood”
17:14 z1sc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּל־ אֹכְלָ֖יו יִכָּרֵֽת 1 A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been **cut off** from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “Whoever eats blood may no longer live among his people” or “ Anyone who eats blood must be cut off from his people, as if he were a branch cut from a tree”
17:14 f360 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּל־ אֹכְלָ֖יו יִכָּרֵֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Whoever eats blood may no longer live among his people” or “You must separate from his people anyone who eats blood”
17:15 bxq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּטְרֵפָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “or that wild animals have killed”
17:15 iyc3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָמֵ֥א & וְטָהֵֽר 1 The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically **unclean** and the person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically **clean**.
17:16 mf2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנָשָׂ֖א עֲוֺנֽוֹ 1 Here a person’s **iniquity** is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries.
17:16 ssqc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְנָשָׂ֖א עֲוֺנֽוֹ 1 Here the word **iniquity** represents the punishment for that iniquity. Alternate translation: “then he is responsible for his own iniquity” or “then I will punish him for his sin”
18:intro q7q3 0 # Leviticus 18 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Uncovering nakedness\n\nTo “uncover nakedness” is a euphemism for having sexual relations with someone. This chapter gives many examples of people with whom Israelites were not to have sexual relations.
18:4 ev4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אֶת־ מִשְׁפָּטַ֧י תַּעֲשׂ֛וּ וְאֶת־ חֻקֹּתַ֥י תִּשְׁמְר֖וּ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people must obey everything that Yahweh has commanded them to do. You can translate this parallelism into one statement that conveys the requirement to keep all of Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “You must obey all of my laws and commandments”
18:4 e2a7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָלֶ֣כֶת בָּהֶ֑ם 1 Obeying Yahweh’s commandments is spoken of as if the commandments were a path on which the person walks. Alternate translation: “so that you conduct your behavior according to them”
18:6 sty1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism לְגַלּ֣וֹת עֶרְוָ֑ה 1 The phrase **to uncover nakedness** is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations”
18:7 bbd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֥ת אָבִ֛יךָ וְעֶרְוַ֥ת אִמְּךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “Do not have sexual relations with your father or your mother”
18:7 g9i3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽהּ 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “you must not have sexual relations with her”
18:8 z715 אֵֽשֶׁת־ אָבִ֖יךָ 1 Sometimes men had more than one wife. God did not allow a son to have sexual intercourse with any woman married to his father, even if she was not his mother.
18:8 pit9 עֶרְוַ֥ת אָבִ֖יךָ הִֽוא 1 Alternate translation: “You would dishonor your father”
18:9 u8th rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֨ת אֲחֽוֹתְךָ֤ בַת־ אָבִ֨יךָ֙ א֣וֹ בַת־ אִמֶּ֔ךָ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת בַּ֔יִת א֖וֹ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת ח֑וּץ לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽן 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. See how this is translated in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: “Do not have sexual relations with your sister, the daughter of your father or the daughter of your mother, born at home or born outside”
18:9 i3mf בַת־ אָבִ֨יךָ֙ א֣וֹ בַת־ אִמֶּ֔ךָ 1 This means a man cannot have sexual intercourse with his sister even if she has a different mother or father.
18:10 hn2p כִּ֥י עֶרְוָתְךָ֖ הֵֽנָּה 1 Alternate translation: “for you will dishonor yourself as well as them”
18:11 g9ak בַּת־ אֵ֤שֶׁת אָבִ֨יךָ֙ 1 This could mean: (1) “your half-sister” or (2) “your stepsister.” Here the man does not have the same father or mother as the woman. They became brother and sister when their parents married.
18:12 pz5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֥ת אֲחוֹת־ אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. See how this is translated in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: “Do not have sexual relations with your father’s sister”
18:14 pwu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶל־ אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ לֹ֣א תִקְרָ֔ב 1 You may have to make explicit the purpose of the approach. Alternate translation: “do not go to his wife in order to have sexual intercourse with her”
18:15 dj86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֥ת כַּלָּֽתְךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. See how this is translated in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: “Do not have sexual relations with your daughter-in-law”
18:15 c463 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽהּ 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “you must not have sexual relations with her”
18:17 m8gn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֥ת אִשָּׁ֛ה וּבִתָּ֖הּ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. See how this is translated in [Leviticus 18:7](../18/07.md). Alternate translation: “Do not have sexual relations with a woman and her daughter”
18:21 t7ie rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּמִֽזַּרְעֲךָ֥ לֹא־ תִתֵּ֖ן לְהַעֲבִ֣יר לַמֹּ֑לֶךְ 1 The phrase **to pass over to Molech** refers to burning a child in the fire as a sacrifice to the idol Molech. Alternate translation: “You must not burn your children alive for Molech”
18:21 v6td rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלֹ֧א תְחַלֵּ֛ל אֶת־ שֵׁ֥ם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ 1 Here the word **profane** means to dishonor. The word **name**represents God himself. Alternate translation: “And you must not dishonor your God”
18:22 z5r6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְאֶ֨ת & לֹ֥א תִשְׁכַּ֖ב 1 This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “Do not have sexual relations with”
18:23 d3wz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism לְרִבְעָ֖הּ 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with it”
18:24 zgw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נִטְמְא֣וּ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם 1 Here, **the nations** refers to the people groups already living in Canaan. Translate this so the term **nations** is clarified as people. Alternate translation: “the people of the nations … have defiled themselves”
18:25 l4iy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַתָּקִ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־ יֹשְׁבֶֽיהָ 1 Yahweh forcibly removing the people from the land is spoken of as if **the land vomited** the people out. Alternate translation: “I forcibly removed the people from the land”
18:25 smuk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַתָּקִ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־ יֹשְׁבֶֽיהָ 1 The **land** is spoken of as if it were a person who could vomit.
18:28 a2rf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹֽא־ תָקִ֤יא הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֶתְכֶ֔ם & קָאָ֛ה 1 Yahweh forcibly removing the people from the land is spoken of as if the land **vomited** the people out. See how you translated this metaphor in [Leviticus 18:25](../18/25.md).
18:28 ukwe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְלֹֽא־ תָקִ֤יא הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֶתְכֶ֔ם & קָאָ֛ה 1 The land is spoken of as if it were a person who could **vomit**. See how you translated these phrases in [Leviticus 18:25](../18/25.md).
18:29 kls3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְת֛וּ הַנְּפָשׁ֥וֹת הָעֹשֹׂ֖ת מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 People being excluded from the community is spoken of as if they had been **cut off** from their people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “the people who do these things must be separated from their people as a branch is cut from a tree”
18:29 i0lm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְת֛וּ הַנְּפָשׁ֥וֹת הָעֹשֹׂ֖ת מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must separate the who do such things from their people”
18:30 cz9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲשׂ֣וּ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which the people did here before you came”
18:30 k2fr בָּהֶ֑ם 1 Here, **them** refers to the detestable customs.
19:intro q5dy 0 # Leviticus 19 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Obeying Yahweh\n\nBeing holy meant obeying Yahweh in all matters of a person’s life. It is not limited to offering correct sacrifices. The law helped to establish righteousness in a person’s life, as well as justice in Israel. In Israel, these concepts are closely related. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
19:3 h3qu שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ 1 Alternate translation: “you must observe my sabbaths” or “you must respect my day of rest”
19:4 h2g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־ תִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־ הָ֣אֱלִילִ֔ים 1 Worshiping **idols** is spoken of as if it were physically turning towards them. Alternate translation: “Do not begin to worship worthless idols”
19:5 us48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֖ם תִּזְבָּחֻֽהוּ 1 This could mean: (1) Yahweh will accept the person offering the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “you must offer it properly so that I will accept you” or (2) Yahweh will accept the sacrifice from the person. Alternate translation: “you must offer it properly so that I will accept your sacrifice”
19:6 l911 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵאָכֵ֖ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must eat it”
19:6 en6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהַנּוֹתָר֙ עַד־ י֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י בָּאֵ֖שׁ יִשָּׂרֵֽף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn up in the fire what is left until the third day”
19:7 prl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאִ֛ם הֵאָכֹ֥ל יֵאָכֵ֖ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And if you eat any of it”
19:7 x3pj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יֵרָצֶֽה 1 To eat the offering after the designated time is against God and increases the guilt the offering was to cover. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You may not accept it for eating”
19:8 z5l5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאֹֽכְלָיו֙ עֲוֺנ֣וֹ יִשָּׂ֔א 1 A person’s **iniquity** is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries.
19:8 zfbb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְאֹֽכְלָיו֙ עֲוֺנ֣וֹ יִשָּׂ֔א 1 Here the word **iniquity** represents the punishment for that sin. Alternate translation: “And everyone who eats the sacrifice is responsible for his own sin” or “Yahweh will punish the sin of everyone who eats the sacrifice”
19:8 hb89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “that person must be cut off from among his people as a branch is cut from a tree”
19:8 e7hk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person may no longer live among his people” or “you must separate that person from his people”
19:9 qum7 וּֽבְקֻצְרְכֶם֙ אֶת־ קְצִ֣יר אַרְצְכֶ֔ם לֹ֧א תְכַלֶּ֛ה פְּאַ֥ת שָׂדְךָ֖ 1 Alternate translation: “And when you gather your crops, do not gather all the way to the edges of your fields”
19:9 nrx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֶ֥קֶט קְצִֽירְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תְלַקֵּֽט 1 This refers to the practice of going back over the fields a second time to gather any produce that remained after the first time. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and do not go back and pick up all that you left behind”
19:13 j36g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־ תַעֲשֹׁ֥ק אֶת־ רֵֽעֲךָ֖ וְלֹ֣א תִגְזֹ֑ל 1 Here, **neighbor** means “anyone.” The meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Do not hurt or rob anyone”
19:13 ryj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־ תָלִ֞ין פְּעֻלַּ֥ת שָׂכִ֛יר אִתְּךָ֖ עַד־ בֹּֽקֶר 1 Yahweh commands the employer to pay his servant promptly when his work is done that day. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear.
19:15 e8ze rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹא־ תַעֲשׂ֥וּ עָ֨וֶל֙ בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט 1 The double negative **not … injustice** is used for emphasis. It can be expressed in a positive way. Alternate translation: “Always judge rightly”
19:15 v6dl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism לֹא־ תִשָּׂ֣א פְנֵי־ דָ֔ל וְלֹ֥א תֶהְדַּ֖ר פְּנֵ֣י גָד֑וֹל 1 The words **poor** and **great** are two extremes, which together mean “anyone.” You can translate this to clarify the terms. Alternate translation: “You must not show favoritism to anyone based on how much money they have”
19:17 t7s1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹֽא־ תִשְׂנָ֥א אֶת־ אָחִ֖יךָ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ 1 Continually hating a person is spoken of as if it were hating a person in the **heart**. Alternate translation: “Do not continually hate your brother”
19:20 f982 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with”
19:20 w5nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נֶחֱרֶ֣פֶת לְאִ֔ישׁ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom someone promised to give to a man as his wife”
19:20 uw2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָפְדֵּה֙ לֹ֣א נִפְדָּ֔תָה א֥וֹ חֻפְשָׁ֖ה לֹ֣א נִתַּן־ לָ֑הּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but whom her future husband has not ransomed or given her freedom”
19:20 nfy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יוּמְת֖וּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must not kill them”
19:21 ea3a וְהֵבִ֤יא אֶת־ אֲשָׁמוֹ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה אֶל־ פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד אֵ֖יל אָשָֽׁם 1 Alternate translation: “And a man must bring a ram as a guilt offering to Yahweh to the entrance of the tent of meeting”
19:22 ff4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִסְלַ֣ח ל֔וֹ מֵחַטָּאת֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָֽא 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive the sin which he has committed”
19:23 ge88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וַעֲרַלְתֶּ֥ם עָרְלָת֖וֹ אֶת־ פִּרְי֑וֹ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֛ם עֲרֵלִ֖ים לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל 1 Yahweh repeats the prohibition in order to emphasize it and to clarify that it is in force for the first three years that the tree bears fruit. Translate this to clarify the period of time the trees must be left alone. Alternate translation: “then you must consider the fruit of the trees to be unclean for the first three years and not eat any of it until after that”
19:23 qi36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must not eat it”
19:29 h86v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלֹא־ תִזְנֶ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ וּמָלְאָ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ זִמָּֽה 1 Here both occurrences of the word **land** represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the people will begin to practice prostitution and many wicked things”
19:29 poqd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹא־ תִזְנֶ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ וּמָלְאָ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ זִמָּֽה 1 Many people practicing **prostitution** and other wicked deeds is spoken of as if the they have fallen into or become full of those things. Alternate translation: “the people will begin to practice prostitution and many wicked things”
19:31 r7ep הָאֹבֹת֙ וְאֶל־ הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים 1 The **necromancers** were people who claimed to speak with dead people. The **soothsayers** claimed to be able to predict what will happen in the future. The Israelites were not allowed to have anything to do with these people.
19:31 d3wn אַל־ תְּבַקְשׁ֖וּ לְטָמְאָ֣ה בָהֶ֑ם 1 Alternate translation: “Do not seek those people out. If you do, they will defile you”
19:32 kg1f שֵׂיבָה֙ 1 A **gray-haired person** refers to a person whose hair has turned gray from age, or “an old person.”
19:35 l6ke לֹא־ תַעֲשׂ֥וּ עָ֖וֶל בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט בַּמִּדָּ֕ה בַּמִּשְׁקָ֖ל וּבַמְּשׂוּרָֽה 1 This prohibits the practice of intentionally using instruments that give inaccurate readings when measuring things.
19:36 wsl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume אֵ֥יפַת צֶ֛דֶק 1 An **ephah** was a measurement for grain.
19:36 s1cm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume וְהִ֥ין צֶ֖דֶק 1 A **hin** was a measurement for liquids.
19:37 m4f5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤ם & וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם 1 These phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the command for obedience.
20:intro tvf2 0 # Leviticus 20 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Punishments for serious sins\n\nThis chapter compiles a list of serious sins. The most serious sins are punished by death. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/death]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Euphemism\n\n“To see someone’s nakedness” means to live as husband wife. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThe phrase “you must carry your own guilt” is a metaphor. It is unknown what this means, but it is possible it indicates a penalty of death.
20:2 b75v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֧ן מִזַּרְע֛וֹ לַמֹּ֖לֶךְ 1 Those who worshiped **Molech** sacrificed their children to him by means of fire. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who kills any of his children as a sacrifice to Molech”
20:2 wp2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people in the land must certainly stone him to death”
20:3 h93p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַאֲנִ֞י אֶתֵּ֤ן אֶת־ פָּנַי֙ בָּאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא 1 The idiom ***set me face** means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “And I have made up my mind to oppose that man”
20:3 t5xb כִּ֤י מִזַּרְעוֹ֙ נָתַ֣ן לַמֹּ֔לֶךְ 1 Se how you translated a similar phrase in [20:2](../20/02.md). Alternate translation: “he has sacrificed his child”
20:3 blk3 לְמַ֗עַן טַמֵּא֙ אֶת־ מִקְדָּשִׁ֔י וּלְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־ שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי 1 Alternate translation: “and by doing that, he has defiled my holy place and profaned my holy name”
20:3 qcs4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּלְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־ שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי 1 Here God’s **name** represents God and his reputation. Alternate translation: “and to dishonor my reputation” or “and to dishonor me”
20:4 u6g4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַעְלֵ֣ם יַעְלִימֽוּ֩ עַ֨ם הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־ עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ מִן־ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא 1 The phrase **to cause their eyes to be hidden** implies they do not see that thing. This speaks of ignoring something as closing the eyes. Alternate translation: “the people of the land disregard that man at all” or “the people of the land even partially ignore that man”
20:5 ehp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּל־ הַזֹּנִ֣ים אַחֲרָ֗יו לִזְנ֛וֹת אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמֹּ֖לֶךְ 1 This phrase compares those who are unfaithful to Yahweh to prostitutes. Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to Yahweh”
20:6 f771 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִזְנ֖וֹת אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם 1 This phrase compares the unfaithful people to prostitutes. Alternate translation: “by doing that, they seek advice from the spirits rather than from me”
20:6 f2f2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־ פָּנַי֙ בַּנֶּ֣פֶשׁ הַהִ֔וא 1 The idiom **set my face** means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “I have made up my mind that I will oppose that person”
20:8 s4bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־ חֻקֹּתַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם 1 The words **keep** and **do** mean basically the same thing. They are used together in order to emphasize that the people must obey God.
20:9 n5cd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely put him to death”
20:10 a9y7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מֽוֹת־ יוּמַ֥ת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly put both of them to death”
20:11 p7fh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־ אֵ֣שֶׁת אָבִ֔יו 1 This is a polite way of referring to sexual activity. Some languages use more direct phrases such as “has sex with his father’s wife.”
20:12 vcw5 תֶּ֥בֶל עָשׂ֖וּ 1 Here God calls a man having sex with his son’s wife a **perversion**, an especially serious sin. See how you translated **perversion** in [Leviticus 18:23](../18/23.md).
20:13 erg8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יִשְׁכַּ֤ב אֶת 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with”
20:13 b2rv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֔ה 1 The way he treats the man is the same way he would treat **a woman**. Alternate translation: “just like he would with a woman”
20:13 au83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put them to death”
20:14 du7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בָּאֵ֞שׁ יִשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ וְאֶתְהֶ֔ן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must burn to death in the fire both the man and the women”
20:15 h6tx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יִתֵּ֧ן שְׁכָבְתּ֛וֹ בִּבְהֵמָ֖ה 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with an animal”
20:15 c3hj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely put him to death”
20:16 wb4d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism לְרִבְעָ֣ה אֹתָ֔הּ 1 This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with it”
20:16 k7m4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְהָרַגְתָּ֥ אֶת־ הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־ הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ 1 Both clauses mean the same thing. They emphasize that **the woman and animal** must die.
20:16 yw4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly put them to death”
20:17 x8tw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יִקַּ֣ח 1 This could mean: (1) this is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with” or (2) it simply means “to marry.”
20:17 cv3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּת־ אָבִ֣יו א֣וֹ בַת־ אִ֠מּוֹ 1 This means a man cannot have sexual intercourse with his sister, even if she has a different **mother** or **father**. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “whether it is his full sister or half-sister”
20:17 d1dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְרָאָ֨ה אֶת־ עֶרְוָתָ֜הּ וְהִֽיא־ תִרְאֶ֤ה אֶת־ עֶרְוָתוֹ֙ 1 This is a polite way of referring to sexual activity. Alternate translation: “they have sexual relations”
20:17 d2px rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֧ת אֲחֹת֛וֹ גִּלָּ֖ה 1 This is a polite way of referring to sexual activity. Alternate translation: “He has had sexual relations with his sister”
20:17 hc1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עֲוֺנ֥וֹ יִשָּֽׂא 1 This phrase means the man is responsible for his sin. Alternate translation: “He is responsible for his sin” or “You must punish him for his sin”
20:18 azt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־ אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה 1 This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “And if a man has sexual relations with a menstruating woman”
20:18 xtb1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶת־ מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־ מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ 1 This phrase compares having sex with a woman during her menstrual period to removing the cover off of something that should remain hidden.
20:18 ym6o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־ מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־ מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ 1 The fact that this was a shameful thing to do can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “they have done a shameful thing by exposing and uncovering the flow of her blood”
20:18 p47v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 People being excluded from their community is spoken of as if they had been **cut off from their people**, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “And both of them must be cut off among their people as a branch is cut from a tree”
20:18 e4mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person may no longer live among his people” or “you must separate that person from his people”
20:18 z4zf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם 1 It can be stated clearly why this must be done. Alternate translation: “Because they have done this shameful thing, both the man and woman must be cut off”
20:19 t9ja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְעֶרְוַ֨ת אֲח֧וֹת אִמְּךָ֛ וַאֲח֥וֹת אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה 1 This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “You must not have sexual relations with your mother’s sister”
20:19 rdn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עֲוֺנָ֥ם יִשָּֽׂאוּ 1 The idiom “carry your own guilt” means “you are responsible for your own sin.” Alternate translation: “They are responsible for their own sin” or “You must punish them for their sin”
20:20 kt2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־ דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ 1 This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “And if a man has sexual relations with his aunt”
20:21 a99a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִקַּ֛ח אֶת־ אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יו 1 This could mean: (1) this is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with his brother’s wife” or (2) it simply means “to marry.”
20:22 qs8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹא־ תָקִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֜י מֵבִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֛ם שָׁ֖מָּה לָשֶׁ֥בֶת בָּֽהּ 1 This phrase describes the removal of the people from **the land** as if they were bad food that a person vomits out. See how you translated this metaphor in [Leviticus 18:25](../18/25.md). Alternate translation: “the land to which I am bringing you will not reject you”
20:22 g9ny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְלֹא־ תָקִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֜י מֵבִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֛ם שָׁ֖מָּה לָשֶׁ֥בֶת בָּֽהּ 1 Here, **the land** is describes as if it were a person who could **vomit**. Alternate translation: “the land to which I am bringing you will not reject you”
20:23 lmg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹ֤א תֵֽלְכוּ֙ בְּחֻקֹּ֣ת הַגּ֔וֹי 1 Doing the actions of idol worshipers is spoken of as walking in their ways. Alternate translation: “And you must not act like the nations”
20:24 bt1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָ֑שׁ 1 The phrase **flowing with milk and honey** means “that is rich and productive with enough food for everyone.” Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” or “a productive land”
20:27 kt2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑תוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they must certainly put them to death”
21:intro l1al 0 # Leviticus 21 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Priests must be holy\n\nPriests must be separate from the rest of the world. Priests should not do anything that would be unclean. They also cannot be unclean because of a birth defect, and they must not marry an unclean woman. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
21:1 nwz2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹֽא־ יִטַּמָּ֖א 1 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **unclean**.
21:1 gv2c בְּעַמָּֽיו 1 Alternate translation: “among the Israelites”
21:3 kba1 הַבְּתוּלָה֙ 1 The word **virgin** is sometimes translated as “young woman.”
21:5 fy55 וּפְאַ֥ת זְקָנָ֖ם לֹ֣א יְגַלֵּ֑חוּ 1 It is impossible to be certain what the writer intended here. This could mean: (1) shave off certain parts of their beards or (2) cut or shave any part of their beards.
21:6 q1bp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלֹ֣א יְחַלְּל֔וּ שֵׁ֖ם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם 1 This word **name** is used to represent Yahweh’s character. Alternate translation: “and they must not disgrace God’s reputation” or “and they must not disgrace their God”
21:6 t99p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֶ֧חֶם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֛ם 1 Here, **bread** represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. It is the sincerity of those offering the food that pleases God.
21:8 t6iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche כִּֽי־ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ ה֣וּא מַקְרִ֑יב 1 Here, **bread** represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. Translate this in a way that makes it clear that Yahweh does not actually eat the food.
21:8 l82b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive קָדֹשׁ֙ יִֽהְיֶה־ לָּ֔ךְ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must regard him as holy”
21:9 i1i1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תִּשָּׂרֵֽף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn her to death”
21:10 jhq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה֙ 1 This is a reference to the **anointing** **oil** used in the ceremony consecrating a new the high priest. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
21:10 i6rn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲֽשֶׁר־ יוּצַ֥ק עַל־ רֹאשׁ֣וֹ׀ שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה֙ וּמִלֵּ֣א אֶת־ יָד֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on whose head they poured anointing oil and whose hand they filled”
21:10 bg4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶת־ רֹאשׁוֹ֙ לֹ֣א יִפְרָ֔ע וּבְגָדָ֖יו לֹ֥א יִפְרֹֽם 1 Loose hair and torn **clothes** were signs of mourning. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he must not mourn for dead relatives”
21:12 wlv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמִן־ הַמִּקְדָּשׁ֙ לֹ֣א יֵצֵ֔א 1 This does not mean the high priest could never **leave**. God did not allow him to leave in order to grieve over someone who died.
21:15 u8zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְלֹֽא־ יְחַלֵּ֥ל זַרְע֖וֹ בְּעַמָּ֑יו 1 By marrying an unholy or ungodly woman, the priest would have children unworthy to be priest. Alternate translation: “And he will not have unworthy children by marrying an ungodly woman”
21:17 hsd8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א יִקְרַ֔ב לְהַקְרִ֖יב לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהָֽיו 1 The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must not come to burn the burnt offering of food on God’s altar”
21:18 v2na לֹ֣א יִקְרָ֑ב 1 A priest had to meet specific physical standards in order to approach Yahweh. This does not imply that physical defects were the result of immorality or that all people with physical defects are unable to approach Yahweh.
21:21 x45u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֵ֚ת לֶ֣חֶם אֱלֹהָ֔יו לֹ֥א יִגַּ֖שׁ לְהַקְרִֽיב 1 Here, **bread** represents food in general. Alternate translation: “He must not make burnt offering of food on God’s altar”
21:22 m8mz לֶ֣חֶם אֱלֹהָ֔יו מִקָּדְשֵׁ֖י הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים וּמִן־ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים יֹאכֵֽל 1 Parts of the sacrifices belonged to the priests and could be eaten. Alternate translation: “He may eat the food offering of his God, some of the holiest holy things and some of the holy things”
21:22 n6gw יֹאכֵֽל 1 Here, **he** refers to the priest with the bodily defect.
21:22 f3nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִקָּדְשֵׁ֖י הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים וּמִן־ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים 1 This also refers to the food that was sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “some of the sacrifices offered in the most holy place or some of the sacrifices offered in the holy place”
22:intro d2sr 0 # Leviticus 22 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Holy things\n\nPriests who are unclean must not touch any holy thing. The things in the temple and involved in sacrifices must remain clean. An unclean priest would cause anything he touched to become unclean. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
22:2 xs6u וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י 1 Yahweh is about to describe situations where a priest is unclean and not allowed to touch holy things. Alternate translation: “that there are times when they should keep away from the holy things”
22:2 r1dd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־ שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י 1 The word **profane** here means to dishonor. The word **name** represents Yahweh’s character. Alternate translation: “And they must not dishonor my reputation” or “And they must not dishonor me”
22:3 psy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו 1 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. Alternate translation: “while he is unclean”
22:3 ewt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַהִ֛וא מִלְּפָנַ֖י 1 A priest no longer being able to serve Yahweh is spoken of as if that person had been cut off from Yahweh’s presence, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “that person must be cut off from before me as a branch is cut from a tree”
22:3 uwch rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַהִ֛וא מִלְּפָנַ֖י 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person will no longer be able to serve as a priest”
22:4 j2zc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְהָ֑ר 1 A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **clean**.
22:4 r3xg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהַנֹּגֵ֨עַ֙ בְּכָל־ טְמֵא 1 Something that Yahweh has said is unfit to touch or eat is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**.
22:5 in85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִגַּ֔ע בְּכָל־ שֶׁ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ ל֑וֹ א֤וֹ בְאָדָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ ל֔וֹ 1 This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “or whoever is unclean from touching a creeping animal or from touching another unclean person”
22:6 a8tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֶ֚פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע־ בּ֔וֹ וְטָמְאָ֖ה 1 A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **unclean**.
22:7 w1dk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְטָהֵ֑ר 1 A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **clean**. Alternate translation: “then he will be considered clean”
22:8 tve2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נְבֵלָ֧ה וּטְרֵפָ֛ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an animal that someone found dead or that a wild animal has killed”
22:12 dg4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בִּתְרוּמַ֥ת הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **contributions**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the holy offerings which people have contributed”
22:14 rd8r וְיָסַ֤ף חֲמִֽשִׁיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו וְנָתַ֥ן לַכֹּהֵ֖ן אֶת־ הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 This could mean: (1) that the person had to replace the food that he had eaten with the same kind of food or (2) that the person had to pay money to the priest for the food that he had eaten.
22:14 kg3k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction חֲמִֽשִׁיתוֹ֙ 1 The term **its fifth** refers to one part out of five equal parts.
22:15 qr33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־ יָרִ֖ימוּ 1 Here the phrase **lifted up** refers to a symbolic gesture of respect that represents offering something to Yahweh. It means basically the same thing as “presented.” Alternate translation: “that they offered”
22:16 dbv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִשִּׂ֤יאוּ אוֹתָם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אַשְׁמָ֔ה 1 Here, **guilt** is spoken of as if it were an object that people can carry.
22:16 t742 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהִשִּׂ֤יאוּ אוֹתָם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אַשְׁמָ֔ה 1 This could mean: (1) they would be responsible for their sin and so become guilty. Alternate translation: “they would be guilty for the sin that they committed” or (2) the word **guilt** is a metonym for punishment for the sin that they committed. Alternate translation: “they would receive the punishment because they are guilty”
22:21 z634 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לְרָצ֔וֹן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for me to accept it” or “for Yahweh to accept it”
22:23 tmi7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יֵרָצֶֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will not accept it” or “Yahweh will not accept it”
22:25 as6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וּמִיַּ֣ד בֶּן־ נֵכָ֗ר לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִכָּל־ אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֣י מָשְׁחָתָ֤ם בָּהֶם֙ מ֣וּם בָּ֔ם 1 Here the word **hand** represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “And you must not offer as food to your God any deformed animal from a foreigner”
22:25 pe4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם 1 God did not actually eat the sacrifices. Priests would offer the sacrifice on God’s altar, and they would eat some of the meat. Alternate translation: “you must not present an animal as a food offering to your God”
22:25 n9fu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמִיַּ֣ד בֶּן־ נֵכָ֗ר לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִכָּל־ אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֣י מָשְׁחָתָ֤ם בָּהֶם֙ מ֣וּם בָּ֔ם 1 It is implied that Israelites could not use animals as a sacrifice to God if they bought it from a foreigner, because foreigners castrated their animals making them unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “And you must not offer to your God any animal that a foreigner has castrated, because that animal is deformed as a result”
22:25 zq7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יֵרָצ֖וּ לָכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not accept them from you”
22:27 m6tu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵרָצֶ֕ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you may accept it”
22:27 z5ck rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אִשֶּׁ֖ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for a burnt offering”
22:30 a239 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֵאָכֵ֔ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must eat it”
22:31 x62z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ מִצְוֺתַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם 1 The words **keep** and **do** mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey God’s commands. Alternate translation: “you must obey my commandments”
22:32 nc63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלֹ֤א תְחַלְּלוּ֙ אֶת־ שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֔י 1 Here the word **name** represents Yahweh himself and his reputation and **profane** means to remove the honor that belongs to God as Creator and Lord of the universe. Alternate translation: “And you must not dishonor me, for I am holy” or “And you must not dishonor my holy reputation”
22:32 dq3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִ֨קְדַּשְׁתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel must treat me as holy”
23:intro j29n 0 # Leviticus 23 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The feasts\n\nThe people should celebrate the Sabbath, the Passover, the Feast of First Fruits, the Feast of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement and the Feast of Booths. These feasts were important for the religious life of Israel. They were a part of proper worship of Yahweh and the identity of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]])
23:2 v493 מוֹעֲדֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 These refers to festivals that the Lord had **appointed** to happen on specific dates. The people were to worship him at these festivals. Alternate translation: “the festivals for Yahweh” or “Yahweh’s festivals”
23:3 vk4w וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ 1 The people must **rest** habitually on the **seventh day**. After every six days in which they can work, they must rest on the seventh day.
23:3 t53y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִקְרָא־ קֹ֔דֶשׁ 1 The requirement that people assemble to worship God on that day is spoken of as if that day were the **assembly**. Alternate translation: “a holy day, when you must assemble together to worship me”
23:5 nv3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר לַחֹ֖דֶשׁ 1 The **first month** of the Hebrew calendar marks when Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. The fourteenth day is around the beginning of April on the Western calendar.
23:5 p2bw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן 1 The word **first** is the ordinal form of “one”. Alternate translation: “In month one”
23:6 b47g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths וּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַזֶּ֔ה 1 Here, **this month** is the first month of the Hebrew calendar (verse 5). It was in the first month that Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. The fifteenth day is around the beginning of April on the Western calendar.
23:7 z6ky בַּיּוֹם֙ הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן מִקְרָא־ קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם 1 Alternate translation: “You must set apart the first day to gather together” or “You must treat the first day as different and gather together”
23:8 fd7s וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֛ה 1 They would present the **offering** to Yahweh by burning it on the altar.
23:8 eif1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בַּיּ֤וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי֙ מִקְרָא־ קֹ֔דֶשׁ 1 The requirement that people assemble on that day is spoken of as if that day were an **assembly**. Being **holy** means that when they assemble, they must worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “The seventh day is a day when you must assemble together to worship Yahweh”
23:11 l79v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֑ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh to accept it for you” or “and I will accept it for you”
23:13 js1u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵ֨י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים 1 An **ephah** is 22 liters. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
23:13 awi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין 1 A **hin** is 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “a liter”
23:14 ge4f חֻקַּ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם 1 This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md).
23:16 aa6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ת 1 The word **seventh** is the ordinal for number seven.
23:17 wz93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive שְׁ֚תַּיִם שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים סֹ֣לֶת תִּהְיֶ֔ינָה חָמֵ֖ץ תֵּאָפֶ֑ינָה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They must be two loaves of bread that you have made from two-tenths of an ephah of flour and then baked with yeast”
23:17 sd2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 An **ephah** is 22 liters. Two-tenths of an ephah is is approximately 4.4 liters. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
23:18 t6w3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֵֽיחַ־ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהוָֽה 1 The Lord’s pleasure with the **aroma** represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will be pleased with you” or “that pleases the Yahweh”
23:22 cza3 וּֽבְקֻצְרְכֶ֞ם אֶת־ קְצִ֣יר אַרְצְכֶ֗ם לֹֽא־ תְכַלֶּ֞ה פְּאַ֤ת שָֽׂדְךָ֙ 1 Alternate translation: “And when you gather your crops, do not gather them all the way to the edges of your fields”
23:24 awp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ 1 This is the **seventh month** of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of September on Western calendars.
23:24 im9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י 1 The word **seventh** is the ordinal form of “seven”. Alternate translation: “In month seven”
23:25 axe7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must offer a sacrifice that you make by fire to Yahweh” or “and you must burn an offering on the altar to Yahweh”
23:27 b777 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹדֶשׁ֩ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֨י הַזֶּ֜ה 1 This is the **seventh month** of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of September on Western calendars.
23:27 qtyo rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal לַחֹדֶשׁ֩ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֨י הַזֶּ֜ה 1 The word **seventh** is the ordinal form of “seven”. Alternate translation: “of month seven”
23:27 ei44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown י֧וֹם הַכִּפֻּרִ֣ים 1 On this day each year the high priest made a sacrifice to Yahweh so that Yahweh would forgive all the sins of the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the Day of Sacrifice for Forgiveness”
23:29 vh74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֖ה מֵֽעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 Being excluded is spoken of as being **cut off**. See how you translated this idea in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “then he must be cut off from his people as a branch is cut off”
23:29 yhns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֖ה מֵֽעַמֶּֽיהָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then you must exclude him from his people” or “then you must separate that person from his people”
23:30 a1cb בְּעֶ֖צֶם הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “on the Day of Atonement”
23:31 w1ug חֻקַּ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם 1 This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md).
23:32 vhl2 שַׁבַּ֨ת שַׁבָּת֥וֹן הוּא֙ 1 This is not the same as the Sabbath they observed every week on the seventh day. This was a special Sabbath on the Day of Atonement.
23:32 qw7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־ נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם 1 In this case humbling themselves implies that they would not eat any food. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “and you must humble yourselves and eat nothing”
23:32 jwy1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּתִשְׁעָ֤ה לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ 1 This refers to the seventh **month** of the Hebrew calendar. The ninth **day** is near the end of September on Western calendars. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the ninth day of the seventh month”
23:34 u83n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֜ר י֗וֹם לַחֹ֤דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי֙ 1 This date is near the beginning of October on Western calendars.
23:34 gg6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal לַחֹ֤דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי֙ 1 The word **seventh** is the ordinal form of “seven”. Alternate translation: “of month seven”
23:34 by89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown חַ֧ג הַסֻּכּ֛וֹת 1 This is a celebration during which the people of Israel lived in temporary shelters for seven days as a way to remember the time they spent living in the wilderness after they left Egypt.
23:39 s52d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י 1 This is the **seventh month** of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of October on Western calendars.
23:39 fsue rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י 1 The word **seventh** is the ordinal form of “seven”. Alternate translation: “of month seven”
23:39 mz9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בְּאָסְפְּכֶם֙ אֶת־ תְּבוּאַ֣ת 1 The word **produce** here represents various kinds of crops. Alternate translation: “after you have gathered the crops of”
23:40 ven2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּפֹּ֣ת תְּמָרִ֔ים וַעֲנַ֥ף עֵץ־ עָבֹ֖ת וְעַרְבֵי־ נָ֑חַל 1 Possible uses for these **branches** are: (1) to make temporary shelters or (2) to wave them as part of their joyous celebration. Some translations state their use clearly; other translations leave it implicit.
23:40 cnz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְעַרְבֵי 1 The **willows** are trees with long, narrow leaves, which grow near water.
24:intro hb64 0 # Leviticus 24 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Cursing God\n\nThe punishment for someone who curses God is to have stones thrown at him until he is dead. This was acceptable in ancient Israel, but it is no longer considered acceptable. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
24:2 aa52 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֵ֖ר 1 This refers to the **lamp** or lamps in Yahweh’s sacred tent. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the lamp in the tent of meeting”
24:3 wxd8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִחוּץ֩ לְפָרֹ֨כֶת הָעֵדֻ֜ת 1 Here, **the testimony** represents either the tablets that the decrees were written on or the box that the tablets were put in. These were kept in the very holy place, which was the room behind the curtain in the tent of meeting. Alternate translation: “Outside the curtain that is in front of the tablets of the covenant decrees” or “Outside the curtain that is in front of the box of the covenant”
24:3 cr1j לְפָרֹ֨כֶת 1 This **curtain** was a thick fabric hung as a wall. It was not like a light window curtain.
24:3 x78g מֵעֶ֧רֶב עַד־ בֹּ֛קֶר 1 Alternate translation: “from sunset to sunrise” or “all night”
24:3 t1wc חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֖ם לְדֹרֹֽתֵיכֶֽם 1 This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 3:17](../03/17.md).
24:5 bwx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים 1 An **ephah** is about 22 litres. This **two-tenths** is about 4.4 liters. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
24:7 ixi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנָתַתָּ֥ עַל־ הַֽמַּעֲרֶ֖כֶת לְבֹנָ֣ה זַכָּ֑ה 1 The incense was probably next to the loaves, rather than directly on the loaves. Alternate translation: “And you must put pure incense next to the loaves in each row”
24:7 v5k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהָיְתָ֤ה לַלֶּ֨חֶם֙ לְאַזְכָּרָ֔ה 1 What the incense would represent can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “and it will represent the loaves as an offering” or “and it will be an offering that represents the loaves”
24:11 uzp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וַ֠יִּקֹּב בֶּן־ הָֽאִשָּׁ֨ה הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִ֤ית אֶת־ הַשֵּׁם֙ וַיְקַלֵּ֔ל 1 The words **blasphemed** and **cursed** mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “And the son of the Israelite woman blasphemed Yahweh by cursing him” or “And the son of the Israelite woman said terrible things about Yahweh”
24:11 x1rf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names שְׁלֹמִ֥ית 1 **Shelomith** is the name of a woman.
24:11 y53u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בַּת־ דִּבְרִ֖י 1 ** Dibri** is the name of a man.
24:14 br93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְסָמְכ֧וּ כָֽל־ הַשֹּׁמְעִ֛ים אֶת־ יְדֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־ רֹאשׁ֑וֹ 1 They were to put their **hands on his head** to show that he was the guilty one.
24:15 rj6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְנָשָׂ֥א חֶטְאֽוֹ 1 Suffering for sin is spoken of if a person were to carry his guilt. Alternate translation: “then he must suffer for his sin” or “then he must be punished
24:16 uv4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יוּמָֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people must put him to death” or “the people must kill him”
24:17 mu9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly put him to death”
24:18 pg7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְשַׁלְּמֶ֑נָּה 1 How he would **repay it** can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “must pay it back by giving him a live animal”
24:18 x28q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נֶ֖פֶשׁ תַּ֥חַת נָֽפֶשׁ 1 This is an idiom that means that one life would replace the other. Alternate translation: “one life to replace the other life” or “to replace the one that he killed”
24:19 p3k7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כֵּ֖ן יֵעָ֥שֶׂה לּֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must do the same to him”
24:20 icn4 שֶׁ֚בֶר תַּ֣חַת שֶׁ֔בֶר עַ֚יִן תַּ֣חַת עַ֔יִן שֵׁ֖ן תַּ֣חַת שֵׁ֑ן 1 These phrases emphasize that a person should receive the same harm he did to someone else.
24:20 ls9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֶׁ֚בֶר תַּ֣חַת שֶׁ֔בֶר 1 A **fracture** refers to broken bones. Alternate translation: “broken bone for broken bone” or “if he breaks someone’s bone, one of his bones must be broken” or “if he breaks someone’s bone, they will break one of his bones”
24:20 u64z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עַ֚יִן תַּ֣חַת עַ֔יִן 1 This refers to an **eye** being seriously injured or gouged out. Alternate translation: “if he destroys someone’s eye, one of his bones must be destroyed” or “if he destroys someone’s eye, they will destroy his eye”
24:20 gu8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֵׁ֖ן תַּ֣חַת שֵׁ֑ן 1 This refers to a **tooth** being knocked out of the mouth. Alternate translation: “if he knocks out someone’s tooth, one of his teeth must be knocked out” or “if he knocks out someone’s tooth, they will knock out one of his teeth”
24:21 vq5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּמַכֵּ֥ה אָדָ֖ם יוּמָֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And they must put to death anyone who kills a person”
25:intro z6ra 0 # Leviticus 25 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Over-farming\n\nThere is a provision made in this chapter to prevent over-farming of the land. If a land is farmed every year with the same crops, it will quickly become unable to grow anything.\n\n### Sabbath and Jubilee Years\n\nEvery seventh year, the land should not be planted. Every fiftieth year Israelite slaves must be freed and all land that has been bought returned to its original owners. This prevented people from getting trapped by their poverty.
25:2 e4st rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְשָׁבְתָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָֽה 1 The **land** is spoken of as if it were a person that could obey the Sabbath by resting.
25:2 id1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְשָׁבְתָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָֽה 1 Here the people honoring God by not farming the **land** every seventh year is spoken of as if the land were taking a sabbath rest. Alternate translation: “you must let the land rest every seventh year to honor Yahweh” or “you must obey Yahweh’s Sabbath by not farming the land every seventh year”
25:4 dc2m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָאָ֔רֶץ 1 Not farming the land is spoken of as letting **the land** **rest**. Alternate translation: “you must observe a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land by not farming it” or “you must obey the Sabbath law by not farming the land every seventh year”
25:5 jtb8 אֵ֣ת סְפִ֤יחַ קְצִֽירְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תִקְצ֔וֹר וְאֶת־ עִנְּבֵ֥י נְזִירֶ֖ךָ לֹ֣א תִבְצֹ֑ר 1 Yahweh will not allow the owner of a field to organize his workers and harvest the land as he does the other six years. However, Yahweh will allow individuals to go through the fields to pick and eat the fruit they find.
25:5 mxc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נְזִירֶ֖ךָ 1 To be **unpruned** means that no one has taken care of the **vines** and cut them as they do during the other six years. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “your vines that you do not prune”
25:6 ixl4 וְ֠הָיְתָה שַׁבַּ֨ת הָאָ֤רֶץ לָכֶם֙ לְאָכְלָ֔ה לְךָ֖ וּלְעַבְדְּךָ֣ וְלַאֲמָתֶ֑ךָ וְלִשְׂכִֽירְךָ֙ וּלְתוֹשָׁ֣בְךָ֔ הַגָּרִ֖ים עִמָּֽךְ 1 Yahweh will not allow the owner of a field to organize his workers and harvest the land as he does the other six years. However, Yahweh will allow individuals to go through the fields to pick and eat the fruit they find.
25:7 v4ie כָל־ תְּבוּאָתָ֖הּ 1 Alternate translation: “whatever grows on the land”
25:9 cf78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִעִ֔י בֶּעָשׂ֖וֹר לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ 1 This is the **seventh month** of the Hebrew calendar. The **tenth day** is near the end of September on Western calendars.
25:9 igkl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִעִ֔י בֶּעָשׂ֖וֹר לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ 1 The words **seventh** and **tenth** are the ordinals of “seven” and “ten”. Alternate translation: “in month seven, on day ten of the month”
25:9 l873 בְּיוֹם֙ הַכִּפֻּרִ֔ים 1 On ** the Day of Atonement** each year the high priest would make a sacrifice to Yahweh so that Yahweh would forgive all the sins of the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Leviticus 23:27](../23/27.md).
25:10 gq84 יוֹבֵ֥ל הִוא֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם 1 The Jubilee was a year when the Jews had to return land to its’ original owners and set slaves free. Alternate translation: “it will be a year of restoration for you” or “it will be a year for you to return land and free slaves”
25:11 a5fs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יוֹבֵ֣ל & תִּהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם 1 You can state clearly who they were returning the land to. Alternate translation: “will be a year for you to return the land to me”
25:12 ccr2 מִן־ הַ֨שָּׂדֶ֔ה תֹּאכְל֖וּ אֶת־ תְּבוּאָתָֽהּ 1 Yahweh did not allow the land owner to organize his workers and harvest the land as he did the other six years. However, he did allow individuals to go through the fields and eat what they find.
25:13 gq74 בִּשְׁנַ֥ת הַיּוֹבֵ֖ל הַזֹּ֑את 1 Alternate translation: “In this year of restoration” or “In this year to return land and free slaves”
25:18 r63d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וַעֲשִׂיתֶם֙ אֶת־ חֻקֹּתַ֔י וְאֶת־ מִשְׁפָּטַ֥י תִּשְׁמְר֖וּ וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֣ם אֹתָ֑ם 1 All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey everything Yahweh says.
25:19 cf3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם לָשֹׂ֑בַע 1 This means that they would eat enough until their stomach was full. Alternate translation: “and you will eat till you are full” or “snd you will eat plenty”
25:20 m3ed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you תֹאמְר֔וּ 1 Here, **you** refers to the people of Israel.
25:21 qk7b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְצִוִּ֤יתִי אֶת־ בִּרְכָתִי֙ לָכֶ֔ם 1 God speaks of Yahweh’s **blessing** as if it were a person that could obey him. Alternate translation: “Then I will send my blessing on you” or “Then I will bless you”
25:23 gm2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָאָ֗רֶץ לֹ֤א תִמָּכֵר֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must not sell your land”
25:24 af5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns גְּאֻלָּ֖ה תִּתְּנ֥וּ לָאָֽרֶץ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **redemption**, you can express the same idea with the verbs “redeem” or “buy back.” Alternate translation: “you must remember that the original owner has the right to redeem the land whenever he wants”
25:27 lw57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהֵשִׁיב֙ אֶת־ הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף לָאִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽכַר־ ל֑וֹ 1 This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and repay to the purchaser who bought it the money the purchaser would have made”
25:28 gbe7 שְׁנַ֣ת הַיּוֹבֵ֑ל 1 See how you translated this in [Leviticus 25:10](../25/10.md). Alternate translation: “the year of restoration” or “the year to return land”
25:28 me5x וְשָׁ֖ב לַאֲחֻזָּתֽוֹ 1 Alternate translation: “and he will go back to his land”
25:29 ibe6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns גְּאֻלָּת֔וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **redemption**, you can express the same idea with the verbs “redeem” or “buy back.” Alternate translation: “the right to redeem it”
25:30 h32c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאִ֣ם לֹֽא־ יִגָּאֵ֗ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And if he or his family does not redeem the house”
25:31 hgm4 וּבָתֵּ֣י הַחֲצֵרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֵין־ לָהֶ֤ם חֹמָה֙ סָבִ֔יב 1 Some **villages** did not have a **wall** around them.
25:33 yf5t מִמְכַּר־ בַּ֛יִת 1 Alternate translation: “a house that he has sold”
25:33 kaj1 בַּיֹּבֵ֑ל 1 Alternate translation: “in the year of restoration” or “in the year to return land and free slaves”
25:33 js2l הִ֚וא אֲחֻזָּתָ֔ם בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 The land of Canaan was divided up among the people of Israel, but of that land, the Levites were only given 48 cities with the fields around them. Alternate translation: “it is their part of the land that the Israelites possessed” or “it is their property in the land of Israel”
25:34 ehh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּֽשְׂדֵ֛ה מִגְרַ֥שׁ עָרֵיהֶ֖ם לֹ֣א יִמָּכֵ֑ר 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the Levites must not sell the fields around their cities”
25:42 i1ab rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יִמָּכְר֖וּ מִמְכֶּ֥רֶת עָֽבֶד 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must not sell them as slaves”
25:48 u2as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אַחֲרֵ֣י נִמְכַּ֔ר גְּאֻלָּ֖ה תִּהְיֶה־ לּ֑וֹ אֶחָ֥ד מֵאֶחָ֖יו יִגְאָלֶֽנּוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after the foreigner buys your fellow Israelite, someone in the Israelite’s family may buy him back”
25:50 c6m4 עַ֖ד שְׁנַ֣ת הַיֹּבֵ֑ל 1 An Israelite could be a slave only **until the year of Jubilee**. These instructions are for when an Israelite wanted to buy back his freedom before the year of Jubilee.
25:50 fa22 שְׁנַ֣ת הַיֹּבֵ֑ל 1 Alternate translation: “the year of restoration” or “the year to return land and to free slaves”
25:50 twu2 בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שָׁנִ֔ים 1 Alternate translation: “according to the number of years until the jubilee that the Israelite would have continued to work but will not”
25:50 cqg2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כִּימֵ֥י שָׂכִ֖יר יִהְיֶ֥ה עִמּֽוֹ 1 If the Israelite bought back his freedom, the foreigner would have to hire a servant to do the work that the Israelite would have done but will not. If your language does not use the passive verb **hired** in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “according to the rate a person would pay to hire a servant”
25:54 yn4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאִם־ לֹ֥א יִגָּאֵ֖ל בְּאֵ֑לֶּה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If no one redeems him by these means”
25:54 lr8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאִם־ לֹ֥א יִגָּאֵ֖ל בְּאֵ֑לֶּה 1 You can state explicitly who he is to be redeemed from. Alternate translation: “If no one redeems him by these means from the one who bought him as a slave”
25:54 e1ni וְיָצָא֙ בִּשְׁנַ֣ת הַיֹּבֵ֔ל ה֖וּא וּבָנָ֥יו עִמּֽוֹ 1 The Israelite slave and his children would serve the foreigner until the **Year of Jubilee**, and then the foreigner would have to set the Israelite and his children free.
25:55 g12z לִ֤י בְנֵֽי־ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ עֲבָדִ֔ים 1 This is the reason that God wanted the Israelites to be set free in the year of jubilee. They were his **servants**. They were not permitted to be anyone else’s permanent slave. Alternate translation: “it is to me that the people of Israel are servants”
26:intro tb8x 0 # Leviticus 26 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Worship only Yahweh\n\nIf people obey God and worship only him, he will bless and protect them. If people disobey his law and if they worship other gods, then he will severely punish them to help them to repent and begin obeying him. This takes the form of a promise. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
26:3 wkx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בְּחֻקֹּתַ֖י תֵּלֵ֑כוּ וְאֶת־ מִצְוֺתַ֣י תִּשְׁמְר֔וּ וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָֽם 1 These are three ways of saying the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey everything that God commands them to do. Alternate translation: “If you carefully obey my laws and commands”
26:3 kv48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּחֻקֹּתַ֖י תֵּלֵ֑כוּ 1 Behaving according to the **statutes** is spoken of as if they were to **walk** in the laws. Alternate translation: “you behave according to my laws” or “you live according to my laws”
26:5 t78x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם לַחְמְכֶם֙ לָשֹׂ֔בַע 1 Here **bread** represents food. Alternate translation: “will eat your food to satisfaction”
26:5 unad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם לַחְמְכֶם֙ לָשֹׂ֔בַע 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **satisfaction**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “And you will eat food until you are satisfied” or “And you will have plenty of food to eat”
26:6 s3gb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְחֶ֖רֶב לֹא־ תַעֲבֹ֥ר בְּאַרְצְכֶֽם 1 Here the word **sword** represents enemy armies or enemy attacks. Alternate translation: “and no armies will attack you”
26:7 xxd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְנָפְל֥וּ לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם לֶחָֽרֶב 1 Here, **fall** represents dying, and **the sword** represents either attacking people with a sword or battle in general. Alternate translation: “and they will die when you attack them with the sword” or “and you will kill them in battle”
26:8 nd6t וְרָדְפ֨וּ מִכֶּ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ מֵאָ֔ה וּמֵאָ֥ה מִכֶּ֖ם רְבָבָ֣ה יִרְדֹּ֑פוּ 1 This means the Israelites will have victory against larger armies.
26:9 p7zz וּפָנִ֣יתִי אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Alternate translation: “And I will show you favor” or “And I will bless you”
26:9 fq7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְהִפְרֵיתִ֣י אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֖י אֶתְכֶ֑ם 1 These two phrases refer to God causing them to have many descendants so they become a large group.
26:9 l7q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִפְרֵיתִ֣י אֶתְכֶ֔ם 1 God speaks of them having many children as if they were trees that bear a lot of fruit. Alternate translation: “and cause you to have many children”
26:10 u1ax וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֥ם יָשָׁ֖ן נוֹשָׁ֑ן 1 Alternate translation: “And you will have enough food stored to eat for a long time” or “And you will have enough food to store and eat it for a long time”
26:11 cl4q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives וְלֹֽא־ תִגְעַ֥ל נַפְשִׁ֖י אֶתְכֶֽם 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the double-negative **not detest** in positive form. Alternate translation: “and I will accept you”
26:12 xh2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִתְהַלַּכְתִּי֙ בְּת֣וֹכְכֶ֔ם 1 Walking among them represents living with them. Alternate translation: “And I will live with you”
26:13 wh35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וָאֶשְׁבֹּר֙ מֹטֹ֣ת עֻלְּכֶ֔ם 1 God speaks of their slavery as if they had to wear a **yoke** that animals wear in order to do hard work. Breaking **the bars** of the yoke represents setting them free. Alternate translation: “I have set you free from the hard labor they made you do”
26:16 u8mf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִפְקַדְתִּ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֤ם בֶּֽהָלָה֙ 1 Here, **terror** represents the things that will cause them to be terrified. Alternate translation: “I will send disasters that will terrify you”
26:16 k4xi וּמְדִיבֹ֣ת נָ֑פֶשׁ 1 It is the diseases and the fever that will do this. Alternate translation: “and will slowly take away your life” or “and will slowly make you die”
26:16 a48w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּזְרַעְתֶּ֤ם לָרִיק֙ זַרְעֲכֶ֔ם 1 The phrase **for nothing** means that they would get nothing from their work. Alternate translation: “And you will plant your seeds in vain” or “And you will plant your seeds, but you will not get anything from them”
26:17 ae65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְנָתַתִּ֤י פָנַי֙ בָּכֶ֔ם 1 This idiom means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “And I have made up my mind to oppose you”
26:18 kng3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֶׁ֖בַע 1 Here, **seven times** is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment.
26:19 q54p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְשָׁבַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־ גְּא֣וֹן עֻזְּכֶ֑ם 1 Using force to cause them not to be proud is spoken of as if he were to **break** their **pride**. Alternate translation: “And I will punish you and so end the pride that you feel about your power” or “And I will punish you so that you will no longer be proud of your power”
26:19 wsq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־ שְׁמֵיכֶם֙ כַּבַּרְזֶ֔ל וְאֶֽת־ אַרְצְכֶ֖ם כַּנְּחֻשָֽׁה 1 This means God will stop the rain from falling from **the sky**. This will make the ground hard so that people cannot plant seed or grow crops.
26:20 j47f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְתַ֥ם לָרִ֖יק כֹּחֲכֶ֑ם 1 Working very hard is spoken of as if they were to use all their **strength** until they had no more strength.
26:20 c0hd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְתַ֥ם לָרִ֖יק כֹּחֲכֶ֑ם 1 The phrase **for nothing** means that they would get nothing from working so hard. Alternate translation: “You will work very hard in vain” or “You will work very hard, but you will not receive anything good from working so hard”
26:21 fy3n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תֵּֽלְכ֤וּ עִמִּי֙ 1 Walking represents behavior. To **walk against** God represents opposing him or rebelling against him. Alternate translation: “you rebel against me”
26:21 mar9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְיָסַפְתִּ֤י עֲלֵיכֶם֙ מַכָּ֔ה שֶׁ֖בַע 1 Yahweh causing disasters to happen to the Israelites is spoken of as if he would strike them with blows or hit them. Alternate translation: “I will cause seven times as many disasters to come against you” or “I will punish you seven times more severely”
26:21 tp4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֶׁ֖בַע 1 Here, **seven times** is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment.
26:21 uyk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כְּחַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sins**, you can express the same idea with the verb “sin.” Alternate translation: “according to how much you have sinned”
26:22 qpn6 וְנָשַׁ֖מּוּ דַּרְכֵיכֶֽם 1 Here, **deserted** means that there is no one there. Alternate translation: “And so no one will travel on your roads”
26:23 u17j וְאִ֨ם־ בְּאֵ֔לֶּה 1 Alternate translation: “And if when I punish you like this” or “And if I discipline you like this and”
26:23 a4z5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֥א תִוָּסְר֖וּ לִ֑י 1 Accepting his **discipline** represents responding rightly to it. In this case responding rightly to it is choosing to obey him. Alternate translation: “you still do not listen to my correction” or “you still do not obey me”
26:23 l9uu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י קֶֽרִי 1 To **walk** represents behavior. Walking **in opposition** to him means opposing him or fighting against him. Alternate translation: “and you oppose me” or “and you fight against me”
26:24 v5bm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהָלַכְתִּ֧י אַף־ אֲנִ֛י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בְּקֶ֑רִי 1 To **walk** represents behavior. Walking **in opposition** to him means opposing him or fighting against him. Alternate translation: “then I myself will also oppose you” or “ then I myself will also fight against you”
26:24 e1h9 וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ גַּם־ אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע 1 The number **seven** represents completeness. Alternate translation: “And I will personally punish you many times” or “And I myself will punish you most severely”
26:24 rqi5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עַל־ חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sins**, you can express the same idea with the verb “sin.” Alternate translation: “because you continue to sin against me”
26:25 ca56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֜ם חֶ֗רֶב 1 Here the word **sword** represents an army or an attack from an army. Alternate translation: “And I will bring an enemy army against you” or “And I will cause an enemy army to attack you”
26:25 tfd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנֶאֱסַפְתֶּ֖ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you will gather together” or “and you will run to hide”
26:25 y2qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְנִתַּתֶּ֖ם בְּיַד־ אוֹיֵֽב 1 Here “into the hand” means “into the control” and refers to defeat by their enemy. Alternate translation: “and you will be place under the control of your enemy”
26:25 pytz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִתַּתֶּ֖ם בְּיַד־ אוֹיֵֽב 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will deliver you into the hand of your enemy” or “I will allow your enemy to control you”
26:26 c11s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּשִׁבְרִ֣י לָכֶם֮ מַטֵּה־ לֶחֶם֒ 1 Destroying the food that people have stored or stopping people from being able to get it is spoken of as **breaking the staff of** their **bread**. Alternate translation: “When I destroy the food you have stored” or “When I cut off your food supply”
26:26 nw44 וְ֠אָפוּ עֶ֣שֶׂר נָשִׁ֤ים לַחְמְכֶם֙ בְּתַנּ֣וּר אֶחָ֔ד 1 This implies that there will be so little flour that **one** small **oven** will be able to hold all the **bread** that many **women** have to put into it.
26:26 jm66 וְהֵשִׁ֥יבוּ לַחְמְכֶ֖ם בַּמִּשְׁקָ֑ל 1 This means there will be so little bread that they will have to measure how much each person gets.
26:27 l2dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י 1 To **listen** represents obeying what he has said. Alternate translation: “you do not obey me”
26:27 gbl4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי 1 To **walk** represents behavior. Walking **against** someone represents opposing him or fighting against him. Alternate translation: “and you oppose me” or “and you fight against me”
26:28 y7le rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י עִמָּכֶ֖ם 1 To **walk** represents behavior. Walking **against** someone represents opposing him or fighting against him. Alternate translation: “then I will oppose you”
26:28 l1fi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אַף־ אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע 1 Here, **seven times** is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment.
26:30 i3eb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהִשְׁמַדְתִּ֞י אֶת־ בָּמֹֽתֵיכֶ֗ם וְהִכְרַתִּי֙ אֶת־ חַמָּ֣נֵיכֶ֔ם וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ אֶת־ פִּגְרֵיכֶ֔ם עַל־ פִּגְרֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶ֑ם 1 Because God would send an army to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate translation: “I will send an enemy army to destroy your high places, and cut down your incense altars, and put your corpses on the corpses of your idols”
26:30 hay8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פִּגְרֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶ֑ם 1 God speaks of **idols** not being alive as if they had been alive and then died. Alternate translation: “your lifeless idols”
26:31 d1nw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־ עָֽרֵיכֶם֙ חָרְבָּ֔ה וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֖י אֶת־ מִקְדְּשֵׁיכֶ֑ם 1 Because God would send armies to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate translation: “I will send enemy armies to turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuaries”
26:31 fx76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹ֣א אָרִ֔יחַ בְּרֵ֖יחַ נִיחֹֽחֲכֶֽם 1 Normally the Lord’s pleasure with the **aroma** represents his pleasure with those who burn the offering. But in this case, people would burn offerings, but God would not be pleased with them. Alternate translation: “You will burn offerings, but I will not be pleased with you”
26:33 zv5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַהֲרִיקֹתִ֥י אַחֲרֵיכֶ֖ם חָ֑רֶב 1 To ** unsheathe a sword** represents sending armies to chase them. Alternate translation: “and I will send enemy armies to chase you” or “and I will send enemy armies to attack you with their swords”
26:34 uf4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification אָז֩ תִּרְצֶ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־ שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ 1 The people were supposed to obey the sabbath law by not farming the land every seventh year. God speaks about this as if the land were a person that would obey the sabbath law and rest. Alternate translation: “Then the land will rest according to the sabbath law” or “Then, as required by the sabbath law, the land will not be farmed”
26:35 h58y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת 1 God speaks about the land not being farmed as if it were a person that would **rest**. Alternate translation: “it will not be farmed”
26:36 y4ha rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהֵבֵ֤אתִי מֹ֨רֶךְ֙ בִּלְבָבָ֔ם 1 To **bring despair** into their hearts represents making them afraid. Alternate translation: “I will make you terribly afraid”
26:36 l3gz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מְנֻֽסַת־ חֶ֛רֶב 1 The **sword** represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate translation: “as though you were fleeing from someone who was chasing you with a sword” or “as though you were fleeing from an enemy army”
26:37 fz4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כְּמִפְּנֵי־ חֶ֖רֶב 1 The **sword** represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate translation: “as though you were running away from someone who was chasing you with a sword” or “as though you were running away from an enemy army”
26:37 kn1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תְּקוּמָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י אֹֽיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 Standing before the enemies represents not falling when the enemies attack and fighting against them. Alternate translation: “power to resist your enemies when they attack you” or “power to fight back against your enemies”
26:38 ae6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְאָכְלָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 Yahweh speaks about the enemies’ **land** as if it were a wild animal that would eat the Israelites. The word **devour** emphasizes that most of the Israelites will die there. Alternate translation: “and you will die in your enemies’ land”
26:40 bz79 בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־ בִ֑י 1 Alternate translation: “the way that they were unfaithful to me and tuned against me after I had been so good to them”
26:41 n8ms rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֵלֵ֤ךְ עִמָּם֙ בְּקֶ֔רִי 1 To go **against them** represents opposing them. Alternate translation: “opposed them”
26:41 u7i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אוֹ־ אָ֣ז יִכָּנַ֗ע לְבָבָם֙ הֶֽעָרֵ֔ל 1 Here the term **uncircumcised hearts** refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “if they will be humble instead of stubbornly disobedient”
26:42 zpa2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְזָכַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־ בְּרִיתִ֣י יַעֲק֑וֹב 1 Here, **remember** represents fulfilling his covenant. Alternate translation: “then I will fulfill the covenant I made with Jacob”
26:42 r2ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֶזְכֹּֽר 1 Here, **remember** represents fulfilling his promise concerning the land. Alternate translation: “And I will fulfill my promise about the land”
26:43 u8qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָאָרֶץ֩ תֵּעָזֵ֨ב מֵהֶ֜ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel will abandon their land”
26:43 cad8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְתִ֣רֶץ אֶת־ שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ 1 Yahweh speaks about the land as if it were a person who **will rejoice** about resting, because no one will be planting seed or growing crops on it. This will allow the land to become more fertile. Alternate translation: “so it will benefit from the sabbaths”
26:45 x7p9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְזָכַרְתִּ֥י לָהֶ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית רִאשֹׁנִ֑ים 1 Here, **remember** represents fulfilling his covenant. Alternate translation: “And I will fulfill my covenant with their ancestors”
26:45 b2vu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְעֵינֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֗ם 1 Here , **eyes** represents the knowledge of the nations. Alternate translation: “in the knowledge of the nations” or “and the nations knew about it”
26:45 js1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַגּוֹיִ֗ם 1 Here, **nations** represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: “the people of the nations”
27:intro u6u9 0 # Leviticus 27 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Dedicated to Yahweh\n\nThis chapter records the manner in which people make vows of dedication to Yahweh. There are many reasons why a person would dedicate something to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]])
27:2 ds9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֕ישׁ כִּ֥י יַפְלִ֖א נֶ֑דֶר בְּעֶרְכְּךָ֥ נְפָשֹׁ֖ת לַֽיהוָֽה 1 In this case the **vow** would involve giving oneself or another person to God. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If anyone vows to give someone to Yahweh”
27:2 w962 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֶרְכְּךָ֥ נְפָשֹׁ֖ת 1 Instead of giving the person, he would give the Lord a certain amount of silver. Alternate translation: “according to the following values for the person” or “according to the following amounts of silver instead of the person”
27:3 hy8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים שֶׁ֥קֶל כֶּ֖סֶף 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “50 pieces of silver, each of which weighs ten grams” or “500 grams of silver”
27:3 fr3t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight בְּשֶׁ֥קֶל הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “the kind of shekel that is used in the sanctuary” or “the weight that is used in the sanctuary”
27:4 mcw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים שָֽׁקֶל 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “30 pieces of silver, each of which weighs ten grams” or “300 grams of silver”
27:5 e8ag rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight עֶשְׂרִ֣ים שְׁקָלִ֑ים 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “20 pieces of silver” or “200 grams of silver”
27:5 y1cx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְלַנְּקֵבָ֖ה עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת שְׁקָלִֽים 1 The phrases “of that age” and “your standard value must be” are left out, but are meant to be understood. Alternate translation: “for the female of that age your standard value must be ten shekels”
27:5 z1uc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת שְׁקָלִֽים 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “ten pieces of silver” or “100 grams of silver”
27:6 r5vd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה שְׁקָלִ֖ים כָּ֑סֶף 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “five pieces of silver” or “50 grams of silver”
27:6 r13l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת שְׁקָלִ֖ים כָּֽסֶף 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “three pieces of silver” or “30 grams of silver”
27:7 n5vt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר שָׁ֑קֶל 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “15 pieces of silver” or “150 grams of silver”
27:7 wau8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְלַנְּקֵבָ֖ה עֲשָׂרָ֥ה שְׁקָלִֽים 1 The phrases “of that age” and “your standard value must be” are left out, but are meant to be understood. Alternate translation: “for a female of that age your standard value must be ten shekels”
27:10 a66v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְהָֽיָה־ ה֥וּא וּתְמוּרָת֖וֹ יִֽהְיֶה־ קֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will set apart both it and the one he exchanges it for”
27:11 dz9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאִם֙ כָּל־ בְּהֵמָ֣ה טְמֵאָ֔ה אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹא־ יַקְרִ֧יבוּ מִמֶּ֛נָּה קָרְבָּ֖ן לַֽיהוָ֑ה 1 If Yahweh will not accept a certain animal as an offering, the animal is spoken of as if it were physically dirty. It may be unclean because it is a certain kind of animal or because it has a defect. Alternate translation: “And if it is in fact one that Yahweh will not accept”
27:15 ugc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction וְ֠יָסַף חֲמִישִׁ֧ית כֶּֽסֶף־ עֶרְכְּךָ֛ עָלָ֖יו 1 A **fifth** is a part of something that is divided into five equal parts. Alternate translation: “then he must divide the value of the house into five equal parts, add the amount equal to one of those parts, and pay all of it”
27:16 l7we rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהָיָ֥ה עֶרְכְּךָ֖ לְפִ֣י זַרְע֑וֹ זֶ֚רַע חֹ֣מֶר שְׂעֹרִ֔ים בַּחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים שֶׁ֥קֶל כָּֽסֶף 1 Here, **a homer of barley seed** represents a piece of land that would need one homer of barley in order to plant on all of it. Alternate translation: “then you will value a piece of land that requires one homer of barley in order to plant all of it at 50 shekels of silver” or ‘then the value of land that requires one homer of barley will be 50 shekels”
27:16 ub6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume חֹ֣מֶר 1 A **homer** is 220 liters.
27:16 pve5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight בַּחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים שֶׁ֥קֶל כָּֽסֶף 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two way of doing it. Alternate translation: “50 pieces of silver, each of which weighs ten grams” or “500 grams of silver”
27:17 wa1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כְּעֶרְכְּךָ֖ יָקֽוּם 1 Here, **stand** represents “remain” or “remain the same.” Alternate translation: “its value will remain the same” or “its value will be the full amount”
27:18 as3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִגְרַ֖ע מֵֽעֶרְכֶּֽךָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and he must reduce the estimated value”
27:20 grb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאִם־ לֹ֤א יִגְאַל֙ אֶת־ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה 1 The time for redeeming the field can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “And if he does not redeem the field before the year of Jubilee”
27:20 kl7j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יִגָּאֵ֖ל עֽוֹד 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he can no longer buy it back”
27:21 ip9r בַיֹּבֵ֗ל 1 The **Jubilee** was a year when the Jews had to return land to its original owners and set slaves free. See how you translated it in [Leviticus 25:13](../25/13.md). Alternate translation: “in the year of restoration” or “the year for you to return land and free slaves”
27:21 nx1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַחֵ֑רֶם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that someone has completely given to Yahweh”
27:24 aiu1 לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר קָנָ֖הוּ מֵאִתּ֑וֹ לַאֲשֶׁר־ ל֖וֹ אֲחֻזַּ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ 1 These two phases refer to the same person. Normally the land would be bought from its owner.
27:25 sj13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ 1 There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent.
27:25 y6zj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight עֶשְׂרִ֥ים גֵּרָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֥ה הַשָּֽׁקֶל 1 The purpose of this sentence is to tell how much the sanctuary shekel weighs. The gerah was the smallest unit of weight that the Israelites used. Alternate translation: “one shekel must equal 20 gerahs”
27:25 b3gq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight עֶשְׂרִ֥ים גֵּרָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֥ה הַשָּֽׁקֶל 1 If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here is a way to do it. Alternate translation: “one shekel must weigh ten grams”
27:27 ng2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְאִם־ לֹ֥א יִגָּאֵ֖ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And if the person does not buy back the animal”
27:27 vfw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִמְכַּ֥ר בְּעֶרְכֶּֽךָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “then the priest must sell it at the set value”
27:28 adb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּל־ חֵ֡רֶם אֲשֶׁ֣ר יַחֲרִם֩ אִ֨ישׁ לַֽיהוָ֜ה מִכָּל־ אֲשֶׁר־ ל֗וֹ מֵאָדָ֤ם וּבְהֵמָה֙ וּמִשְּׂדֵ֣ה אֲחֻזָּת֔וֹ לֹ֥א יִמָּכֵ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יִגָּאֵ֑ל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one may sell or redeem anything a man has devoted to Yahweh, from all that he has, whether it is a human, an animal, or his family land” or “if a man devotes to Yahweh anything he has, whether human or animal, or his family land, no one may sell or redeem it”
27:28 yy2u כָּל־ חֵ֕רֶם קֹֽדֶשׁ־ קָֽדָשִׁ֥ים ה֖וּא לַיהוָֽה 1 Alternate translation: “Everything that anyone devotes to Yahweh is very holy to Yahweh”
27:29 i8d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־ חֵ֗רֶם אֲשֶׁ֧ר יָחֳרַ֛ם 1 Why a person would be dedicated to destruction can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Any person whom Yahweh has determined should die because of his sin”
27:29 k4sd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֣א יִפָּדֶ֑ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “no one may pay a ransom for it”
27:29 epj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely execute him”
27:32 h1au rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כֹּ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־ יַעֲבֹ֖ר תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑בֶט 1 This refers to the way they would count their animals. Alternate translation: “any animals you count by raising your shepherd rod and having them walk under it to the other side” or “any animals you count”
27:32 y6be rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הָֽעֲשִׂירִ֕י יִֽהְיֶה־ קֹּ֖דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must set apart one-tenth to Yahweh”
27:33 f56x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יִגָּאֵֽל 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He cannot redeem it” or “He cannot buy it back”
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