# at midnight

"in the middle of the night"

# all the firstborn in the land of Egypt ... all the firstborn of the livestock

Here, "firstborn" always refers to the oldest male offspring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 11:5](../11/05.md).

# who sat on his throne

This refers to Pharaoh.

# the firstborn of the person in the dungeon

"to the firstborn of people in the dungeon." This refers to prisoners in general, not to a specific person in the dungeon.