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4th pass at tNotes reformatting - Genesis only

This commit is contained in:
Dave Statezni 2017-12-04 10:26:39 -07:00
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commit d98a00404f
1584 changed files with 9579 additions and 12131 deletions
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18
gen/01/01.md
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@ -14,21 +14,3 @@ This refers to the start of the world and everything in it.
This refers here to the sky.
# without form and empty
God had not yet put the world in order.
# the deep
"the water" or "the deep water" or "the vast water"
# the waters
"the water" or "the surface of the water"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/creation]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]

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# without form and empty
God had not yet put the world in order.
# the deep
"the water" or "the deep water" or "the vast water"
# the waters
"the water" or "the surface of the water"

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gen/01/03.md
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@ -2,22 +2,3 @@
This is a command. By commanding that light should exist, God made it exist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# God saw the light, that it was good
"God considered the light and was pleased with it." "Good" here means "pleasing" or "suitable."
# divided the light from the darkness
"separated the light and the darkness" or "made it light at one time and dark at another." This refers to God creating the daytime and the night time.
# This was evening and morning, the first day
God did these things on the first day that the universe existed.
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]

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# God saw the light, that it was good
"God considered the light and was pleased with it." "Good" here means "pleasing" or "suitable."
# divided the light from the darkness
"separated the light and the darkness" or "made it light at one time and dark at another." This refers to God creating the daytime and the night time.

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# This was evening and morning, the first day
God did these things on the first day that the universe existed.
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

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These are commands. By commanding that the expanse should exist and that it divide the waters, God made it exist and divide the waters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# expanse
large empty space. The Jewish people thought of this space as being shaped like the inside of dome or the inside of a bowl that is turned upside down.
# between the waters
"in the water"
# God made the expanse and divided the waters
"In this way God made the expanse and divided the waters." When God spoke, it happened. This sentence explains what God did when he spoke.
# It was so
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears.
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the second day
This refers to the second day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]

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# God made the expanse and divided the waters
"In this way God made the expanse and divided the waters." When God spoke, it happened. This sentence explains what God did when he spoke.
# It was so
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears.

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# expanse
large empty space. The Jewish people thought of this space as being shaped like the inside of dome or the inside of a bowl that is turned upside down.
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the second day
This refers to the second day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.

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gen/01/09.md
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@ -14,15 +14,3 @@ This refers to land that is not covered with water. It does not refer to land th
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](./06.md).
# the dry land "earth," and
"the part that was dry 'earth,' and"
# He saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the land and the sea. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]

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# the dry land "earth," and
"the part that was dry 'earth,' and"
# He saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the land and the sea. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).

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@ -22,21 +22,3 @@ The seeds would produce plants and trees that would be like the ones they came f
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](./06.md).
# God saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the vegetation, plants, and trees. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:10](./09.md).
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the third day
This refers to the third day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]

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# God saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the vegetation, plants, and trees. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:10](./09.md).

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# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the third day
This refers to the third day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.

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@ -30,18 +30,3 @@ The sun, moon, and stars show the passing of time. This enables us to know when
times that are set aside for festivals and other things that people do
# Let them be lights in the sky to give light upon the earth
This is a command. By commanding that they should light the earth, God made them light the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# to give light upon the earth
"to shine light on the earth" or "to brighten the earth." The earth does not self-shine but it is lit and so reflects light.
# It was so
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](./06.md).
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
# Let them be lights in the sky to give light upon the earth
This is a command. By commanding that they should light the earth, God made them light the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# to give light upon the earth
"to shine light on the earth" or "to brighten the earth." The earth does not self-shine but it is lit and so reflects light.
# It was so
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](./06.md).

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@ -18,27 +18,3 @@ This refers only to the daylight hours.
"the smaller light" or "the dimmer light"
# in the sky
"in the heavens" or "in the open space of the sky"
# to divide the light from the darkness
"to separate the light from the darkness" or "to make it light at one time and dark at another." See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).
# God saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the sun, moon, and stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the fourth day
This refers to the fourth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]

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# in the sky
"in the heavens" or "in the open space of the sky"

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# to divide the light from the darkness
"to separate the light from the darkness" or "to make it light at one time and dark at another." See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).
# God saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the sun, moon, and stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).

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@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the fourth day
This refers to the fourth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.

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@ -14,27 +14,3 @@ This is a command. By commanding that birds should fly, God made them fly. (See:
"the open space of the sky" or "the sky"
# God created
"In this way God created"
# great sea creatures
"large animals that live in the sea"
# after its kind
Living things of the same "kind" are like the ones they came from. See how you translated "kind" in [Genesis 1:11,12](./11.md).
# every winged bird
"every flying thing that has wings." If the word for birds is used, it may be more natural in some languages to simply say "every bird," since all birds have wings.
# God saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the birds and the fish. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/kind]]

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# God created
"In this way God created"
# great sea creatures
"large animals that live in the sea"
# after its kind
Living things of the same "kind" are like the ones they came from. See how you translated "kind" in [Genesis 1:11,12](./11.md).
# every winged bird
"every flying thing that has wings." If the word for birds is used, it may be more natural in some languages to simply say "every bird," since all birds have wings.
# God saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the birds and the fish. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).

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@ -18,16 +18,3 @@ This is a command. By commanding that birds should multiply, God made birds mult
"animals that fly" or "flying things." See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:20](./20.md).
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the fifth day
This refers to the fifth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]

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# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the fifth day
This refers to the fifth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.

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@ -26,14 +26,3 @@ animals that people look after
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](./06.md).
# God made the beasts
"In this way God made the beasts"
# He saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the living creatures on the earth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/kind]]

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# God made the beasts
"In this way God made the beasts"
# He saw that it was good
Here "it" refers to the living creatures on the earth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](./03.md).

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@ -14,15 +14,3 @@ These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God made mankind to be
"rule over" or "have authority over"
# God created man ... he created him
These two sentences mean the same thing and emphasize that God created people in his own image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
# God created man
The way that God created man was different from the way he created everything else. Do not specify that he created man by simply speaking, as in the preceding verses.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/imageofgod]]

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# God created man ... he created him
These two sentences mean the same thing and emphasize that God created people in his own image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
# God created man
The way that God created man was different from the way he created everything else. Do not specify that he created man by simply speaking, as in the preceding verses.

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@ -10,8 +10,3 @@ God told the man and the woman to produce more people like themselves so that th
Fill the earth with people.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]

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@ -14,24 +14,3 @@ God continues speaking.
"It happened like that" or "That is what happened." What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](./06.md).
# Behold, it
"This is true and important: it"
# it was very good
Now when God looked at everything he had made, it was "very good. "See how you translated "it was good" in [Genesis 1:10](./09.md).
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the sixth day
This refers to the sixth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]

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# Behold, it
"This is true and important: it"
# it was very good
Now when God looked at everything he had made, it was "very good. "See how you translated "it was good" in [Genesis 1:10](./09.md).
# evening and morning
This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the sixth day
This refers to the sixth day that the universe existed. See how you translated "the first day" in [Genesis 1:5](./03.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way.

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@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/imageofgod]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/creation]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/kind]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]]

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@ -10,35 +10,3 @@
This can be stated in active form. AT: "God had finished creating them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# On the seventh day God came to the end of his work
God did not work at all on the seventh day.
# came to the end of
This is an idiom. AT: "had finished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# he rested on the seventh day from all his work
"on that day he did not work"
# God blessed the seventh day
Possible meanings are 1) God caused the seventh day to produce good result or 2) God said that the seventh day was good.
# sanctified it
"set it apart" or "called it his own"
# in it he rested from all his work
"on it he did not work"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sanctify]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/rest]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/creation]]

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# On the seventh day God came to the end of his work
God did not work at all on the seventh day.
# came to the end of
This is an idiom. AT: "had finished" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# he rested on the seventh day from all his work
"on that day he did not work"

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# God blessed the seventh day
Possible meanings are 1) God caused the seventh day to produce good result or 2) God said that the seventh day was good.
# sanctified it
"set it apart" or "called it his own"
# in it he rested from all his work
"on it he did not work"

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@ -18,26 +18,3 @@ The rest of Genesis 2 tells about how God created people on the sixth day.
This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
# No bush of the field
no shrubs growing in the wild that animals might eat
# no plant of the field
no leafy plants like vegetables or greens that both animals and humans can eat
# to cultivate
to do everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well
# mist
Possible meanings are 1) something like dew or morning fog o 2) springs from underground streams.
# the whole surface of the ground
the entire earth
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]

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# No bush of the field
no shrubs growing in the wild that animals might eat
# no plant of the field
no leafy plants like vegetables or greens that both animals and humans can eat
# to cultivate
to do everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well

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# mist
Possible meanings are 1) something like dew or morning fog o 2) springs from underground streams.
# the whole surface of the ground
the entire earth

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@ -14,16 +14,3 @@
"breath that makes things live." Here "life" refers to physical life.
# a garden
This could have been an orchard of fruit trees or an area with all kinds of trees.
# eastward
in the east
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]

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# a garden
This could have been an orchard of fruit trees or an area with all kinds of trees.
# eastward
in the east

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@ -18,13 +18,3 @@ This is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in betwee
"in the middle of the garden." The two trees may not have been in the exact center of the garden.
# A river went out of Eden to water the garden
The garden was in Eden. The river continued to flow outside of Eden. "A river flowed through Eden to water the garden"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]

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# A river went out of [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden) to water the garden
The garden was in [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden). The river continued to flow outside of [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden). "A river flowed through [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden) to water the garden"

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@ -10,14 +10,3 @@ This is the only time this river is referred to in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta
This phrase gives information about Havilah. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. AT: "There is gold in Havilah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
# There are also bdellium and the onyx stone
The word "there" is placed first in the sentence for emphasis. AT: "This is also where people can find bdellium and onyx stones"
# bdellium
This resin comes from a tree and smells nice. A resin is sticky stuff that comes out of some trees and can burn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
# the onyx stone
"onyx stones." Onyx is a certain kind of beautiful stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

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# There are also bdellium and the onyx stone
The word "there" is placed first in the sentence for emphasis. AT: "This is also where people can find bdellium and onyx stones"
# bdellium
This resin comes from a tree and smells nice. A resin is sticky stuff that comes out of some trees and can burn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
# the onyx stone
"onyx stones." Onyx is a certain kind of beautiful stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

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@ -2,19 +2,11 @@
This is the only mention of this river in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
# flows throughout the whole land of Cush
# flows throughout the whole land of [Cush](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cush)
The river did not cover the whole land, but wound through various parts of the land.
# the whole land of Cush
# the whole land of [Cush](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cush)
"the entire land called Cush"
"the entire land called [Cush](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cush)"
# which flows east of Ashur
"which flows in the land east of the city of Ashur." The Tigris River flows from north to south. The phrase "which flows east of Ashur" gives information about where the Tigris River is. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. AT: "It flows east of Ashur" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cush]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/euphrates]]

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# which flows east of Ashur
"which flows in the land east of the city of Ashur." The Tigris River flows from north to south. The phrase "which flows east of Ashur" gives information about where the Tigris River is. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. AT: "It flows east of Ashur" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])

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# the garden of Eden
# the garden of [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden)
"the garden that was in Eden"
"the garden that was in [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden)"
# to work it
@ -10,34 +10,3 @@
to guard against anything bad happening in it
# From every tree in the garden
"The fruit of every tree in the garden"
# you
This pronoun is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# you may freely eat ... you may not eat
In some languages it would be natural to first say what is not permitted and to then say what is permitted, as in the UDB.
# may freely eat
"may eat without restriction"
# the tree of the knowledge of good and evil
"the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil" or "the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things." See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](./09.md).
# you may not eat
"I will not permit you to eat" or "you must not eat"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]

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# From every tree in the garden
"The fruit of every tree in the garden"
# you
This pronoun is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# may freely eat
"may eat without restriction"

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# the tree of the knowledge of good and evil
"the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil" or "the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things." See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](./09.md).
# you may not eat
"I will not permit you to eat" or "you must not eat"

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"I will make a helper who is just right for him"
# every animal of the field and every bird of the sky
The phrases "of the field" and "of the sky" tell where the animals and birds are usually found. AT: "all kinds of animals and birds"
# all the livestock
"all the animals that people look after"
# there was found no helper suitable for him
This can be stated in active form. AT: "there was no companion that was right for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]

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# every animal of the field and every bird of the sky
The phrases "of the field" and "of the sky" tell where the animals and birds are usually found. AT: "all kinds of animals and birds"

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# all the livestock
"all the animals that people look after"
# there was found no helper suitable for him
This can be stated in active form. AT: "there was no companion that was right for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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"caused the man to sleep intensely." A deep sleep is a time of sleeping in which a person is not easily disturbed or wakened.
# With the rib ... he made a woman
"From the rib ... he formed a woman." The rib was the material God made the woman from.
# This time, this one is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh
"Finally, this one's bones are like my bones, and her flesh is like my flesh." After looking among all the animals for a partner and not finding one, he finally saw someone who was like him and could be his partner. The man was probably expressing his feeling of relief and joy.
# flesh
This refers to the soft parts of the body like skin and muscle.
# She will be called 'woman,' because she was taken out of man
The translator may want to write a footnote saying "The Hebrew word for 'woman' sounds like the Hebrew word for 'man.'
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]

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# With the rib ... he made a woman
"From the rib ... he formed a woman." The rib was the material God made the woman from.

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# This time, this one is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh
"Finally, this one's bones are like my bones, and her flesh is like my flesh." After looking among all the animals for a partner and not finding one, he finally saw someone who was like him and could be his partner. The man was probably expressing his feeling of relief and joy.
# She will be called 'woman,' because she was taken out of man
The translator may want to write a footnote saying "The Hebrew word for 'woman' sounds like the Hebrew word for 'man.'

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This idiom speaks of sexual activity as though the bodies that are together become one body. AT: "their two bodies will become one body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# They were both naked
The word "they" refers to the man and the woman that God had created.
# naked
"not wearing clothing"
# but were not ashamed
"they were not ashamed about being naked"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]

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# They were both naked
The word "they" refers to the man and the woman that God had created.
# naked
"not wearing clothing"
# but were not ashamed
"they were not ashamed about being naked"

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# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sanctify]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/creation]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/rest]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cush]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/euphrates]]

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The word "you" is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# We may eat ... God said, 'You may not eat it
Eve told the serpent what God had permitted them to do first and then what God had told them not to do. Some languages would say what they were told not to do first and then say what they were allowed to do, as in the UDB.
# We may eat
"We are allowed to eat" or "We have permission to eat"
# You may not ... nor may you ... you will die
The word "you" is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# You may not eat it
"You must not eat it" or "Do not eat it"
# nor may you touch it
"and you must not touch it" or "and do not touch it"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/serpent]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]

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# We may eat
"We are allowed to eat" or "We have permission to eat"

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# You may not ... nor may you ... you will die
The word "you" is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# You may not eat it
"You must not eat it" or "Do not eat it"
# nor may you touch it
"and you must not touch it" or "and do not touch it"

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# You ... you ... your ... you
These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# your eyes will be opened
"your eyes will open." This idiom means "you will become aware of things" or "you will understand new things." This meaning can be stated clearly. AT: "It will be as though your eyes were opened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# knowing good and evil
Here "good and evil" is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated "knowledge of good and evil" in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). AT: "knowing everything, including both good and evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# it was a delight to the eyes
"the tree was delightful to look at" or "it was nice to look at" or "it was very beautiful"
# that the tree was desirable to make one wise
"she wanted the tree's fruit because it could make a person wise" or "she wanted its fruit because it could make her understand what was right and wrong just as God does"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/serpent]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]

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# your eyes will be opened
"your eyes will open." This idiom means "you will become aware of things" or "you will understand new things." This meaning can be stated clearly. AT: "It will be as though your eyes were opened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# knowing good and evil
Here "good and evil" is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated "knowledge of good and evil" in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). AT: "knowing everything, including both good and evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

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# it was a delight to the eyes
"the tree was delightful to look at" or "it was nice to look at" or "it was very beautiful"
# that the tree was desirable to make one wise
"she wanted the tree's fruit because it could make a person wise" or "she wanted its fruit because it could make her understand what was right and wrong just as God does"

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They did this because they were ashamed. This implicit information can be made explicit if needed as in the UDB. AT: "clothed themselves with them because they were ashamed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# in the cool of the day
"at the time of day when a cool breeze blows"
# from the presence of Yahweh God
"from Yahweh God's sight" or "so that Yahweh God would not see them" or "from Yahweh God"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fig]]

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# in the cool of the day
"at the time of day when a cool breeze blows"
# from the presence of Yahweh God
"from Yahweh God's sight" or "so that Yahweh God would not see them" or "from Yahweh God"

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In verses 9 and 11, God was speaking to the man. Languages that have a singular form of "you" would use that here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
# I heard you
"I heard the sound you were making"
# Who told you
God knew the answer to this question. He asked it in order to force Adam to confess that he had disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# Have you eaten ... from?
Again, God knew this had happened. Translate this question in a form that shows God was accusing Adam of disobedience. The sentence can be translated as a statement. AT: "You must have eaten ... from." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]

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# I heard you
"I heard the sound you were making"

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# Who told you
God knew the answer to this question. He asked it in order to force Adam to confess that he had disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# Have you eaten ... from?
Again, God knew this had happened. Translate this question in a form that shows God was accusing Adam of disobedience. The sentence can be translated as a statement. AT: "You must have eaten ... from." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

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# What is this you have done?
God already knew what the woman had done. When he asked this question, he was giving her the opportunity to tell him about it, and he was expressing his disappointment with what she had done. Many languages use rhetorical questions for scolding or rebuking. If possible, use a form that expresses this disappointment. It can also be translated as a statement. AT: "You have done a terrible thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/serpent]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deceive]]

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# What is this you have done?
God already knew what the woman had done. When he asked this question, he was giving her the opportunity to tell him about it, and he was expressing his disappointment with what she had done. Many languages use rhetorical questions for scolding or rebuking. If possible, use a form that expresses this disappointment. It can also be translated as a statement. AT: "You have done a terrible thing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

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"you will eat dust." The words "it is dust" comes first to emphasize the contrast between the plants above the ground that other animals would eat and the dirty food on the ground that the serpent would eat. This is part of the curse formula.
# hostility between you and the woman
This means that the serpent and the woman would become enemies.
# seed
The word "seed" refers to what a man puts into a woman to cause a baby to grow inside the woman. Like the word "offspring," it can refer to more than one person. Try to find a word that is singular but can refer to more than one person.
# He will bruise ... his heel
The words "he" and "his" refer to the woman's descendant. If "seed" was translated as plural, this can be translated as "they will bruise ... their heel"; in this case, consider inserting footnotes to say that the "they" and "their" are used to translate a singular pronoun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
# bruise
"crush" or "strike" or "attack"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/serpent]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]]

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# hostility between you and the woman
This means that the serpent and the woman would become enemies.
# seed
The word "seed" refers to what a man puts into a woman to cause a baby to grow inside the woman. Like the word "offspring," it can refer to more than one person. Try to find a word that is singular but can refer to more than one person.
# He will bruise ... his heel
The words "he" and "his" refer to the woman's descendant. If "seed" was translated as plural, this can be translated as "they will bruise ... their heel"; in this case, consider inserting footnotes to say that the "they" and "their" are used to translate a singular pronoun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
# bruise
"crush" or "strike" or "attack"

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# he will rule over you
"he will be your master" or "he will control you"
"he will be your master" or "he will control you"

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# Adam
# [Adam](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam)
The name Adam is the same as the Hebrew word for "man." Some translations say "Adam" and some say "the man." You may use either form as it refers to the same person.
The name [Adam](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam) is the same as the Hebrew word for "man." Some translations say "[Adam](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam)" and some say "the man." You may use either form as it refers to the same person.
# you have listened to the voice of your wife
@ -26,28 +26,3 @@ The word "curse" comes first in the sentence to emphasize that the ground, which
The word "it" refers to the ground and is a metonym for the parts of the plants, which grow in the ground, that people eat. AT: "you will eat what grows from it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# the plants of the field
Possible meanings are 1) "the plants that you take care of in your fields" or 2) "the wild plants that grow in the open fields."
# By the sweat of your face
"By doing hard work that makes your face sweat"
# you will eat bread
Here the word "bread" is a synecdoche for food in general. AT: "you will eat food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
# until you return to the ground
"until you die and your body is put in the ground." In some cultures, they put the bodies of people who have died in a hole in the ground. Man's hard work does not end until the time of his death and burial.
# For dust you are, and to dust you will return
"I made you from soil, so your body will become soil again." Translate both occurrences of "dust" with the same word in order to show that man begins and ends in the same condition.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/bread]]

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# the plants of the field
Possible meanings are 1) "the plants that you take care of in your fields" or 2) "the wild plants that grow in the open fields."

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# By the sweat of your face
"By doing hard work that makes your face sweat"
# you will eat bread
Here the word "bread" is a synecdoche for food in general. AT: "you will eat food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
# until you return to the ground
"until you die and your body is put in the ground." In some cultures, they put the bodies of people who have died in a hole in the ground. Man's hard work does not end until the time of his death and burial.
# For dust you are, and to dust you will return
"I made you from soil, so your body will become soil again." Translate both occurrences of "dust" with the same word in order to show that man begins and ends in the same condition.

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# The man
Some translations say "Adam."
Some translations say "[Adam](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam)."
# called his wife's name Eve
# called his wife's name [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve)
"gave his wife the name Eve" or "named his wife Eve"
"gave his wife the name [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve)" or "named his wife [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve)"
# Eve
# [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve)
Translators may write a footnote saying "The name Eve sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'living.'"
Translators may write a footnote saying "The name [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve) sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'living.'"
# all the living
The word "living" refers to people. AT: "all people" or "all living people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
# garments of skins
"clothing made out of animal skins"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam]]

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# garments of skins
"clothing made out of animal skins"

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# the man
Possible meanings are 1) God was referring to one human, the man, or 2) God was referring to humans in general, so this would mean the man and his wife. Even if God was speaking about one person, what he said applied to both of them.
# like one of us
"like us." The pronoun "us" is plural. See how you translated "Let us make" in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md).
@ -14,32 +10,3 @@ Here "good and evil" is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and ever
This can be stated in active form. AT: "I will not allow him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# tree of life
"the tree that gives people life." See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/07.md).
# the ground from which he had been taken
"dirt because he had been taken from dirt." This does not refer to the particular place on the land that the God took man from.
# So God drove the man out of the garden
"God forced the man to leave the garden." This refers to the event in [Genesis 3:23](./22.md), where it says "Yahweh God sent him out of the garden of Eden." God did not send the man out a second time.
# to cultivate
This means to what is needed so that plants grow well. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:5](../02/04.md).
# in order to guard the way to the tree of life
"in order to stop people from going to the tree of life"
# flaming sword
Possible meanings are 1) a sword that had flames coming from it or 2) a fire that was shaped like a sword. Languages that do not have swords could use another weapon such as a spear or arrow.
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/cherubim]]

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# the ground from which he had been taken
"dirt because he had been taken from dirt." This does not refer to the particular place on the land that the God took man from.
# to cultivate
This means to what is needed so that plants grow well. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:5](../02/04.md).

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# the man
Possible meanings are 1) God was referring to one human, the man, or 2) God was referring to humans in general, so this would mean the man and his wife. Even if God was speaking about one person, what he said applied to both of them.
# tree of life
"the tree that gives people life." See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/07.md).
# So God drove the man out of the garden
"God forced the man to leave the garden." This refers to the event in [Genesis 3:23](./22.md), where it says "Yahweh God sent him out of the garden of [Eden](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden)." God did not send the man out a second time.
# in order to guard the way to the tree of life
"in order to stop people from going to the tree of life"
# flaming sword
Possible meanings are 1) a sword that had flames coming from it or 2) a fire that was shaped like a sword. Languages that do not have swords could use another weapon such as a spear or arrow.

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# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/god]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lordyahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/bread]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/cherubim]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deceive]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fig]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/serpent]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/adam]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve]]

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@ -10,22 +10,7 @@ Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some older versions say "k
The word for "man" typically describes an adult male, rather than a baby or child. If that would cause confusion, it could be translated as "manchild" or "boy" or "baby boy" or "son."
# Cain
# [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain)
Translators may want to include a footnote that says "The name Cain sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'produce.' Eve named him Cain because she produced him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Translators may want to include a footnote that says "The name [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'produce.' [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve) named him [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) because she produced him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# Then she gave birth
We do not know how much time passed between the births of Cain and Abel. They may have been twins, or Abel may have been born after Eve became pregnant again. If possible, use an expression that does not tell how much time passed.
# cultivated
This means he did everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well. See how "cultivate" is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/04.md).
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/shepherd]]

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# Then she gave birth
We do not know how much time passed between the births of [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) and [Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel). They may have been twins, or [Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel) may have been born after [Eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve) became pregnant again. If possible, use an expression that does not tell how much time passed.
# cultivated
This means he did [eve](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eve)rything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well. See how "cultivate" is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/04.md).

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This refers to the food that came from plants he had tended. AT: "crops" or "harvest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# some of the fat
This refers to the fatty parts of the lambs that he had killed, it was the best part of the animal. AT: "some of their fat parts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# accepted ... did not accept
"looked favorably upon ... did not look favorably upon" or "was pleased with ... was not pleased with"
# was very angry
Some languages have an idiom for anger such as "He burned" or "His anger burned."
# he scowled
This means that the expression on his face showed that he was angry or jealous. Some languages have an idiom that describes what a person's face looks like when he is angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/sacrifice]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]]

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# some of the fat
This refers to the fatty parts of the lambs that he had killed, it was the best part of the animal. AT: "some of their fat parts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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# was very angry
Some languages have an idiom for anger such as "He burned" or "His anger burned."
# he scowled
This means that the expression on his face showed that he was angry or jealous. Some languages have an idiom that describes what a person's face looks like when he is angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

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# Why are you angry and why are you scowling?
God used these rhetorical questions to tell Cain that he was wrong to be angry and scowl. They may also have been intended to give Cain an opportunity to confess that he was wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
God used these rhetorical questions to tell [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) that he was wrong to be angry and scowl. They may also have been intended to give [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) an opportunity to confess that he was wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# If you ... will you not be accepted?
God used this rhetorical question to remind Cain of something Cain should have already known. AT: "You know that if you do what is right, I will accept you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# But if you do not ... you must rule over it
God speaks of sin as if it were a person. AT: "But if you do not do what is right, you will desire to sin even more, and then you will do sinful things. You must refuse to obey it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# sin crouches ... to control you
Here sin is spoken of as a dangerous wild animal that is waiting for the chance to attack Cain. AT: "you will become so angry that you will not be able to stop sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# sin
Languages that do not have a noun that means "sin" could translate this as "your desire to sin" or "the bad things you want to do."
# you must rule over it
Yahweh speaks of Cain's desire to sin as if it were a person over whom Cain should rule. AT: "you must control it so you do not sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]

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# If you ... will you not be accepted?
God used this rhetorical question to remind [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) of something [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) should have already known. AT: "You know that if you do what is right, I will accept you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# But if you do not ... you must rule over it
God speaks of sin as if it were a person. AT: "But if you do not do what is right, you will desire to sin even more, and then you will do sinful things. You must refuse to obey it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# sin crouches ... to control you
Here sin is spoken of as a dangerous wild animal that is waiting for the chance to attack [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain). AT: "you will become so angry that you will not be able to stop sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# sin
Languages that do not have a noun that means "sin" could translate this as "your desire to sin" or "the bad things you want to do."
# you must rule over it
Yahweh speaks of [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain)'s desire to sin as if it were a person over whom [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) should rule. AT: "you must control it so you do not sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

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# Cain spoke to Abel his brother.
# [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) spoke to [Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel) his brother.
Some early translations tell explicitly what Cain said to his brother. You may want to do the same if it is present in your national version. AT: "Cain said to Abel his brother, 'Let us go into the fields.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Some early translations tell explicitly what [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) said to his brother. You may want to do the same if it is present in your national version. AT: "[Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) said to [Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel) his brother, 'Let us go into the fields.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# brother
Abel was Cain's younger brother. Some languages may need to use the word for "younger brother." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
[Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel) was [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain)'s younger brother. Some languages may need to use the word for "younger brother." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# rose up against
Standing up to fight against a person is an idiom for attacking him. AT: "attacked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# Where is Abel your brother
God knew that Cain had killed Abel, but he asked Cain this question so that Cain would have to answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# Am I my brother's keeper?
Cain used this rhetorical question so that he would not have to tell the truth. This can be translated as a statement. AT: "I am not my brother's keeper!" or "You know that taking care of my brother is not my job!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]

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# Where is [Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel) your brother
God knew that [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) had killed [Abel](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/abel), but he asked [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) this question so that [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) would have to answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# Am I my brother's keeper?
[Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) used this rhetorical question so that he would not have to tell the truth. This can be translated as a statement. AT: "I am not my brother's keeper!" or "You know that taking care of my brother is not my job!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

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@ -6,31 +6,3 @@ God uses a rhetorical question to rebuke Cain. This can be translated as a state
Abel's blood is a metonym for his death, as if it were a person calling out for God to punish Cain. AT: "Your brother's blood is like a person calling out to me to punish the person who killed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# Now cursed are you from the ground
This can be stated in active form. AT: "I am cursing you so that you will not be able to grow food from the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# which has opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood
God speaks of the earth as if it were a person who could drink Abel's blood. AT: "which is soaked with your brother's blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# from your hand
Here Cain is represented by his "hand," to emphasize that he personally had killed his brother. AT: "that spilled when you killed him" or "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
# cultivate
This means to do everything necessary to do so that the plants would grow well. See how "cultivate" is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/04.md).
# it will not yield to you its strength
The ground is personified as if it were a person who loses strength. AT: "the ground will not produce much food for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# A fugitive and a wanderer
You can join these words together. AT: "A homeless wanderer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]]

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# Now cursed are you from the ground
This can be stated in active form. AT: "I am cursing you so that you will not be able to grow food from the ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# which has opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood
God speaks of the earth as if it were a person who could drink Abel's blood. AT: "which is soaked with your brother's blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# from your hand
Here Cain is represented by his "hand," to emphasize that he personally had killed his brother. AT: "that spilled when you killed him" or "from you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

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# cultivate
This means to do everything necessary to do so that the plants would grow well. See how "cultivate" is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/04.md).
# it will not yield to you its strength
The ground is personified as if it were a person who loses strength. AT: "the ground will not produce much food for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
# A fugitive and a wanderer
You can join these words together. AT: "A homeless wanderer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])

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# I will be hidden from your face
The term "your face" represents God's presence. AT: "I will not be able to speak to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# a fugitive and a wanderer
See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:12](./10.md)
# vengeance will be taken on him sevenfold
This can be stated in active form. AT: "I will take vengeance on him seven times" or "I will punish that person seven times as severely as I am punishing you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# would not attack him
"would not kill Cain"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/punish]]

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# I will be hidden from your face
The term "your face" represents God's presence. AT: "I will not be able to speak to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# a fugitive and a wanderer
See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:12](./10.md)

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# vengeance will be taken on him sevenfold
This can be stated in active form. AT: "I will take vengeance on him seven times" or "I will punish that person seven times as severely as I am punishing you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# would not attack him
"would not kill [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain)"

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# went out from the presence of Yahweh
Even though Yahweh is everywhere, this idiom speaks of Cain as though he went far away. AT: "went away from where Yahweh spoke to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
Even though Yahweh is everywhere, this idiom speaks of [Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) as though he went far away. AT: "went away from where Yahweh spoke to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
# Nod
Translators may add a footnote saying "The word Nod means 'wandering.'"
# slept with
Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some older versions say "knew." See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
# He built a city
"Cain built a city"
# translationWords
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]]
* [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/eden]]

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# slept with
Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some older versions say "knew." See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
# He built a city
"[Cain](rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/cain) built a city"

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