Conform proper names ending in -s to Chicago Manual 16.

1ch/23/14.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # his descendants were counted with the tribe of Levi
 
-The sons of Aaron were the most important Levite clan, but the sons of Moses were also considered to be Levites. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people considered Moses' sons to be part of the Levite clan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+The sons of Aaron were the most important Levite clan, but the sons of Moses were also considered to be Levites. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the people considered Moses's sons to be part of the Levite clan" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 

1co/01/17.md

@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ This means that baptism was not the primary goal of Paul's ministry.
 The phrase "in order ... would not" can be stated in positive form, and "be emptied" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not with clever speech, because clever speech would empty the cross of its power" or "not with clever speech, because this would cause the cross of Christ to lose its power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 # in order that the cross of Christ would not be emptied of its power
 
-Paul speaks of God's power to save people who trust in Christ as if the cross on which Christ died had power. The cross being emptied of its power represents people not recognizing God's power to save them through Christ's death. If Paul were to use clever speech, people might pay more attention to his clever speech than to Christ's death. Alternate translation: "in order that people might recognize God's power to save them through Jesus' death on the cross" or "because clever speech would distract people from God's power as shown in the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Paul speaks of God's power to save people who trust in Christ as if the cross on which Christ died had power. The cross being emptied of its power represents people not recognizing God's power to save them through Christ's death. If Paul were to use clever speech, people might pay more attention to his clever speech than to Christ's death. Alternate translation: "in order that people might recognize God's power to save them through Jesus's death on the cross" or "because clever speech would distract people from God's power as shown in the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 

1jn/02/07.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ John gives believers basic principles of fellowship—obedience and love.
 
 # I am not writing a new commandment to you, but an old commandment that you have had
 
-"I write to you to love one other, which is not a new thing to do but an old commandment that you have heard." John refers to Jesus' command to love one another.
+"I write to you to love one other, which is not a new thing to do but an old commandment that you have heard." John refers to Jesus's command to love one another.
 
 # from the beginning
 

1jn/02/intro.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ##### Antichrist
 
-In this chapter John writes about both a specific antichrist and many antichrists. The word "antichrist" means "opposed to Christ." The antichrist is a person who will come in the last days and imitate Jesus' work, but he will do it for evil. Before this person comes, there will be many  people who work against Christ; they too are called "antichrists." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/antichrist]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
+In this chapter John writes about both a specific antichrist and many antichrists. The word "antichrist" means "opposed to Christ." The antichrist is a person who will come in the last days and imitate Jesus's work, but he will do it for evil. Before this person comes, there will be many  people who work against Christ; they too are called "antichrists." (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/antichrist]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
 
 #### Important figures of speech in this chapter
 

1jn/04/10.md

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 
 # he sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins
 
-Here "propitiation" refers to Jesus' death on the cross appeasing God's wrath against sin. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "he sent his Son to be the sacrifice that appeased his wrath against our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+Here "propitiation" refers to Jesus's death on the cross appeasing God's wrath against sin. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "he sent his Son to be the sacrifice that appeased his wrath against our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 

1jn/05/06.md

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ John teaches about Jesus Christ and what God said about him.
 
 # This is the one who came by water and blood: Jesus Christ
 
-"Jesus Christ is the one who came by water and blood." Here "water" is probably a metonym for the baptism of Jesus, and "blood" stands for Jesus' death on the cross. Alternate translation: "God showed that Jesus Christ is his son at Jesus' baptism and his death on the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+"Jesus Christ is the one who came by water and blood." Here "water" is probably a metonym for the baptism of Jesus, and "blood" stands for Jesus's death on the cross. Alternate translation: "God showed that Jesus Christ is his son at Jesus's baptism and his death on the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # He came not only by water, but also by water and blood
 
-Here "water" is probably a metonym for the baptism of Jesus, and "blood" stands for Jesus' death on the cross. Alternate translation: "God did not show us Jesus was his son just through his baptism, but through his baptism and his death on the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Here "water" is probably a metonym for the baptism of Jesus, and "blood" stands for Jesus's death on the cross. Alternate translation: "God did not show us Jesus was his son just through his baptism, but through his baptism and his death on the cross" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

1jn/front/intro.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ The people John spoke against were possibly those who would become known as Gnos
 
 #### What do the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" mean in 1 John?
 
-John often used the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" as metaphors. John spoke of a believer becoming more faithful to Jesus and knowing Jesus better as if Jesus' word "remained" in the believer. Also, John spoke of someone being spiritually joined to someone else as if the person "remained" in the other person. Christians are said to "remain" in Christ and in God. The Father is said to "remain" in the Son, and the Son is said to "remain" in the Father. The Son is said to "remain" in believers. The Holy Spirit is also said to "remain" in the believers. 
+John often used the words "remain," "reside," and "abide" as metaphors. John spoke of a believer becoming more faithful to Jesus and knowing Jesus better as if Jesus's word "remained" in the believer. Also, John spoke of someone being spiritually joined to someone else as if the person "remained" in the other person. Christians are said to "remain" in Christ and in God. The Father is said to "remain" in the Son, and the Son is said to "remain" in the Father. The Son is said to "remain" in believers. The Holy Spirit is also said to "remain" in the believers. 
 
 Many translators will find it impossible to represent these ideas in their languages in exactly the same way. For example, John intended to express the idea of the Christian being spiritually together with God when he said, "He who says he remains in God" (1 John 2:6). The UDB says, "If we say that we are in union with God," but translators will often have to find other expressions that communicate these ideas well. 
 

1pe/01/02.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The abstract noun "foreknowledge" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Possib
 
 # for the sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ
 
-Here "the blood" refers to the death of Jesus. Just as Moses sprinkled blood on the people of Israel to symbolize their covenant with God, believers are in covenant with God because of Jesus' death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Here "the blood" refers to the death of Jesus. Just as Moses sprinkled blood on the people of Israel to symbolize their covenant with God, believers are in covenant with God because of Jesus's death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # May grace be to you, and may your peace increase
 

1pe/02/21.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Here the word "this" refers to believers enduring while suffering for doing good
 
 # for you to follow in his steps
 
-"so that you would follow his footprints." Peter speaks of following Jesus' example in the way that they suffer as if one were walking on the same path that Jesus had taken. Alternate translation: "so that you would imitate his behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+"so that you would follow his footprints." Peter speaks of following Jesus's example in the way that they suffer as if one were walking on the same path that Jesus had taken. Alternate translation: "so that you would imitate his behavior" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 

1th/05/01.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Paul continues talking about the day Jesus will come back.
 
 # the times and seasons
 
-This refers to the events preceding the Lord Jesus' return.
+This refers to the events preceding the Lord Jesus's return.
 
 # brothers
 

1th/front/intro.md

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "1 Thessaloni
 
 #### What is the "second coming" of Jesus?
 
-Paul wrote much in this letter about Jesus' eventual return to Earth. When Jesus returns, he will judge all mankind. He will also rule over creation, and there will be peace everywhere.
+Paul wrote much in this letter about Jesus's eventual return to Earth. When Jesus returns, he will judge all mankind. He will also rule over creation, and there will be peace everywhere.
 
 #### What happens to those who die before the return of Christ?
 

2co/03/13.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # the ending of a glory that was passing away
 
-The refers to the glory that shined on Moses' face. Alternate translation: "the glory on Moses' face as it faded away completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+The refers to the glory that shined on Moses's face. Alternate translation: "the glory on Moses's face as it faded away completely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 

2co/03/14.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ to the time at which Paul was writing to the Corinthians
 
 # when they read the old covenant, that same veil remains
 
-Just as the Israelites could not see the glory on Moses' face because he covered his face with a veil, there is a spiritual veil that prevents people from understanding when they read the old covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Just as the Israelites could not see the glory on Moses's face because he covered his face with a veil, there is a spiritual veil that prevents people from understanding when they read the old covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # when they read the old covenant
 

2co/03/18.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Here the word "us" refers to all believers, including Paul and the Corinthians.
 
 # with unveiled faces, see the glory of the Lord
 
-Unlike the Israelites who could not see God's glory reflected on Moses' face because he had covered it with a veil, there is nothing to prevent believers from seeing and understanding God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Unlike the Israelites who could not see God's glory reflected on Moses's face because he had covered it with a veil, there is nothing to prevent believers from seeing and understanding God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # We are being transformed into the same glorious likeness
 

2co/04/04.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Paul speaks of their minds as if they had eyes, and their inability to understan
 
 # they are not able to see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ
 
-As the Israelites could not see God's glory that shined on Moses' face because he covered it with a veil ([2 Corinthians 3:13](../03/13.md)), unbelievers are not able to see Christ's glory that shines in the gospel. This means that they are unable to understand "the gospel of the glory of Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+As the Israelites could not see God's glory that shined on Moses's face because he covered it with a veil ([2 Corinthians 3:13](../03/13.md)), unbelievers are not able to see Christ's glory that shines in the gospel. This means that they are unable to understand "the gospel of the glory of Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # the light of the gospel
 

2co/04/05.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 You can supply the verb for these phrases. Alternate translation: "but we proclaim Christ Jesus as Lord, and we proclaim ourselves as your servants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 
-# for Jesus' sake
+# for Jesus's sake
 
 "because of Jesus"
 

2co/04/06.md

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ Here the word "hearts" refers to the mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: "
 
 # the glory of God in the presence of Jesus Christ
 
-"the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ." Just as God's glory shone upon Moses' face ([2 Corinthians 3:7](../03/07.md)), it also shines upon Jesus' face. This means that when Paul preaches the gospel, people are able to see and understand the message about God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+"the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ." Just as God's glory shone upon Moses's face ([2 Corinthians 3:7](../03/07.md)), it also shines upon Jesus's face. This means that when Paul preaches the gospel, people are able to see and understand the message about God's glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 

2co/04/11.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# we who are alive are always being given over to death for Jesus' sake
+# we who are alive are always being given over to death for Jesus's sake
 
 Carrying the death of Jesus represents being in danger of dying because of being loyal to Jesus. Alternate translation: "God is always leading those of us who are alive to face death because we are joined to Jesus" or "People are always causing us who are alive to be in danger of dying because we are joined to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 

2co/07/intro.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #### Structure and formatting
 
-In verses 2-4, Paul finishes his defense. He then writes about Titus' return and the comfort it brought.
+In verses 2-4, Paul finishes his defense. He then writes about Titus's return and the comfort it brought.
 
 #### Special concepts in this chapter
 

2co/08/16.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# who put into Titus' heart the same earnest care that I have for you
+# who put into Titus's heart the same earnest care that I have for you
 
 Here the word "heart" refers to the emotions. This means that God caused Titus to love them. Alternate translation: "who made Titus care for you as much as I do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 

2th/front/intro.md

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "2 Thessaloni
 
 #### What is the "second coming" of Jesus?
 
-Paul wrote much in this letter about Jesus' eventual return to Earth. When Jesus returns, he will judge all mankind. He will also rule over creation. And he will cause there to be peace everywhere. Paul also explained that a "man of lawlessness" will come before Christ's return. This person will obey Satan and cause many people to oppose God. But Jesus will destroy this person when he returns.
+Paul wrote much in this letter about Jesus's eventual return to Earth. When Jesus returns, he will judge all mankind. He will also rule over creation. And he will cause there to be peace everywhere. Paul also explained that a "man of lawlessness" will come before Christ's return. This person will obey Satan and cause many people to oppose God. But Jesus will destroy this person when he returns.
 
 ## Part 3: Important Translation Issues
 

act/01/02.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # until the day that he was taken up
 
-This refers to Jesus' ascension into heaven. Alternate translation: "until the day on which God took him up to heaven" or "until the day that he ascended into heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+This refers to Jesus's ascension into heaven. Alternate translation: "until the day on which God took him up to heaven" or "until the day that he ascended into heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 
 # he had given commands through the Holy Spirit
 

act/01/03.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # After his suffering
 
-This refers to Jesus' suffering and death on the cross.
+This refers to Jesus's suffering and death on the cross.
 
 # he presented himself alive to them
 

act/01/25.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # to take the place in this ministry and apostleship
 
-Here the word "apostleship" defines what kind of "ministry" this is. Alternate translation: "to take Judas' place in this apostolic ministry" or "to take Judas' place in serving as an apostle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
+Here the word "apostleship" defines what kind of "ministry" this is. Alternate translation: "to take Judas's place in this apostolic ministry" or "to take Judas's place in serving as an apostle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 
 # from which Judas turned away
 
@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Here the expression "turned away" means that Judas stopped performing this minis
 
 # to go to his own place
 
-This phrase refers to Judas' death and likely to his judgment after death. Alternate translation: "to go where he belongs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
+This phrase refers to Judas's death and likely to his judgment after death. Alternate translation: "to go where he belongs" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 

act/02/25.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-Here Peter quotes a passage that David wrote in a Psalm which relates to Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection. Since Peter says that David said these words about Jesus, the words "I" and "my" refer to Jesus and the words "Lord" and "he" refer to God.
+Here Peter quotes a passage that David wrote in a Psalm which relates to Jesus's crucifixion and resurrection. Since Peter says that David said these words about Jesus, the words "I" and "my" refer to Jesus and the words "Lord" and "he" refer to God.
 
 # For David says about him, 'I saw
 

act/03/16.md

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ Possible meanings are 1) this is the reason the man was made strong. Alternate t
 
 # On the basis of faith in his name
 
-The word "his" refers to the Founder of life, Jesus. The abstract noun "faith" can be translated with the verb "believe." Possible meanings are 1) the lame man had faith in Jesus. Alternate translation: "Because he believed in Jesus name" or 2) Peter and John, and perhaps the lame man, had faith in Jesus. Alternate translation: "Because we believed in Jesus' name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+The word "his" refers to the Founder of life, Jesus. The abstract noun "faith" can be translated with the verb "believe." Possible meanings are 1) the lame man had faith in Jesus. Alternate translation: "Because he believed in Jesus name" or 2) Peter and John, and perhaps the lame man, had faith in Jesus. Alternate translation: "Because we believed in Jesus's name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 
 # his name
 
-The phrase "his name" is a metonym either for Jesus or for Jesus' power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+The phrase "his name" is a metonym either for Jesus or for Jesus's power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # made this man ... strong
 

act/03/intro.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This chapter explains that Jesus came to the Jews because God was fulfilling par
 
 ##### "You delivered up"
 
-The Romans were the ones who killed Jesus, but they killed him because the Jews captured him, brought him to the Romans, and told the Romans to kill him. For this reason Peter thought that they were the ones who were truly guilty of killing Jesus. But he tells them that they are also the first ones to whom God has sent Jesus' followers to invite them to repent ([Acts 3:26](../../act/03/26.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
+The Romans were the ones who killed Jesus, but they killed him because the Jews captured him, brought him to the Romans, and told the Romans to kill him. For this reason Peter thought that they were the ones who were truly guilty of killing Jesus. But he tells them that they are also the first ones to whom God has sent Jesus's followers to invite them to repent ([Acts 3:26](../../act/03/26.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
 
 ## Links:
 

act/04/02.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection from the dead
 
-Peter and John were saying that God would raise people from the dead in the same way as he had raised Jesus from among the dead. Translate this in a way that allows "the resurrection" to refer to both Jesus' resurrection and the general resurrection of other people.
+Peter and John were saying that God would raise people from the dead in the same way as he had raised Jesus from among the dead. Translate this in a way that allows "the resurrection" to refer to both Jesus's resurrection and the general resurrection of other people.
 
 # from the dead
 

act/07/01.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # Connecting Statement:
 
-The part of the story about Stephen, which began in [Acts 6:8](../06/08.md), continues. Stephen begins his response to the high priest and the council by talking about things that happened in Israel's history. Most of this history comes from Moses' writings.
+The part of the story about Stephen, which began in [Acts 6:8](../06/08.md), continues. Stephen begins his response to the high priest and the council by talking about things that happened in Israel's history. Most of this history comes from Moses's writings.
 

act/11/19.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This introduces the new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writ
 
 # those who had been scattered by the persecution that arose over Stephen spread
 
-The Jews began persecuting Jesus' followers because Stephen had said and done things that the Jews did not like. Because of this persecution, many of Jesus' followers left Jerusalem and went to many different places.
+The Jews began persecuting Jesus's followers because Stephen had said and done things that the Jews did not like. Because of this persecution, many of Jesus's followers left Jerusalem and went to many different places.
 
 # spread
 

act/12/01.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This is background information about Herod's killing James. (See: [[rc://en/ta/m
 
 # Connecting Statement:
 
-This begins the new persecution, first of James' death and then of Peter's imprisonment and then release.
+This begins the new persecution, first of James's death and then of Peter's imprisonment and then release.
 
 # Now
 

act/15/20.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ This possibly refers to eating the meat of an animal that someone has sacrificed
 
 # from the meat of strangled animals, and from blood
 
-God did not allow Jews to eat meat that still had the blood in it. Also, even earlier in Moses' writings in Genesis, God had forbidden the drinking of blood. Therefore, they could not eat an animal that someone strangled because the blood was not properly drained from the body of the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+God did not allow Jews to eat meat that still had the blood in it. Also, even earlier in Moses's writings in Genesis, God had forbidden the drinking of blood. Therefore, they could not eat an animal that someone strangled because the blood was not properly drained from the body of the animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 

act/18/25.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Here "spirit" refers to the entire person of Apollos. Alternate translation: "Be
 
 # the baptism of John
 
-"the baptism that John performed." John's baptism was with water, but Jesus' baptism is with the Holy Spirit.
+"the baptism that John performed." John's baptism was with water, but Jesus's baptism is with the Holy Spirit.
 

act/19/05.md

@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they received baptism
 
 # in the name of the Lord Jesus
 
-Here "name" refers to Jesus' power and authority. Alternate translation: "as believers in the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Here "name" refers to Jesus's power and authority. Alternate translation: "as believers in the Lord Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

act/19/13.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ people who send evil spirits away from people or places
 
 # the name of the Lord Jesus
 
-Here "name" refers to Jesus' power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Here "name" refers to Jesus's power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # By the Jesus whom Paul proclaims
 

act/19/intro.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ##### Baptism
 
-John baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins. Jesus' followers baptized people who wanted to follow Jesus.
+John baptized people to show that they were sorry for their sins. Jesus's followers baptized people who wanted to follow Jesus.
 
 ##### Temple of Diana
 

act/26/09.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Now indeed
 
-Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now beginning to describe how he formerly persecuted Jesus' people.
+Paul uses this phrase to mark another shift in his defense. He is now beginning to describe how he formerly persecuted Jesus's people.
 
 # against the name of Jesus
 

col/01/18.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # He is the head of the body, the church
 
-Paul speaks of Jesus' position over the church as if he were the head on the human body. As the head rules the body, so does Jesus rule the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Paul speaks of Jesus's position over the church as if he were the head on the human body. As the head rules the body, so does Jesus rule the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # the beginning
 

deu/02/09.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-This is the end of a part of Moses' speech reminding the Israelites of how Yahweh guided them in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+This is the end of a part of Moses's speech reminding the Israelites of how Yahweh guided them in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
 
 # Do not trouble Moab
 

deu/02/10.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-The writer begins to give background information about the people of the land. These words are not part of Moses' speech to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+The writer begins to give background information about the people of the land. These words are not part of Moses's speech to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
 
 # The Emites lived
 

deu/02/28.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-This continues Moses' message to King Sihon.
+This continues Moses's message to King Sihon.
 
 # You will sell me food for money, so that I may eat; give me water for money, so that I may drink
 

deu/04/intro.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 ##### Law of Moses
 In order to possess the land, the people needed to obey the law of Moses. This will be the most important thing in the religious life of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
 
-##### Moses' instructions
+##### Moses's instructions
 Moses is not allowed to enter into the Promised Land. Since they are getting ready to possess the Promised Land, Moses gives them some last instructions before his death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
 
 #### Important figures of speech in this chapter

deu/11/18.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Here "heart" and "soul" represent a person's mind or thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/t
 
 # let them be as frontlets between your eyes
 
-"let my words be as as frontlets between your eyes." This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses' words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses' commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+"let my words be as as frontlets between your eyes." This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses's words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses's commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # frontlets
 

deu/32/43.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-This is the end of Moses' song. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
+This is the end of Moses's song. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 
 # Rejoice, you nations
 

deu/32/50.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Yahweh finishes speaking to Moses.
 
 # be gathered to your people
 
-This is a polite way of saying Moses' spirit would join the spirits of his relatives in the world of the dead. Alternate translation: "join your ancestors who died before you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
+This is a polite way of saying Moses's spirit would join the spirits of his relatives in the world of the dead. Alternate translation: "join your ancestors who died before you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 
 # Mount Hor
 

deu/33/06.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Let Reuben live
 
-This begins Moses' blessings to the individual tribes of Israel.
+This begins Moses's blessings to the individual tribes of Israel.
 
 # but may his men be few
 

deu/33/intro.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #### Structure and formatting
 
-Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULB does this with the poetic lines of Moses' blessings in 33:1-29.
+Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULB does this with the poetic lines of Moses's blessings in 33:1-29.
 
 #### Special concepts in this chapter
 

deu/34/intro.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #### Structure and formatting
 
-This chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses' death. This chapter officially ends the revelation of the law of Moses, and life in the Promised Land is about to begin again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
+This chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses's death. This chapter officially ends the revelation of the law of Moses, and life in the Promised Land is about to begin again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
 
 ## Links:
 

eph/02/15.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # he abolished the law of commandments and regulations
 
-Jesus' blood satisfied the law of Moses so that both the Jews and Gentiles can live at peace in God.
+Jesus's blood satisfied the law of Moses so that both the Jews and Gentiles can live at peace in God.
 
 # one new man
 

eph/04/21.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Paul knows that the Ephesians have heard and been taught. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man
 
 # you were taught in him
 
-Possible meanings are 1) "Jesus' people have taught you" or 2) "someone has taught you because you are Jesus' people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+Possible meanings are 1) "Jesus's people have taught you" or 2) "someone has taught you because you are Jesus's people." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 
 # as the truth is in Jesus
 

exo/02/intro.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #### Special concepts in this chapter
 
-##### Moses' heritage
+##### Moses's heritage
 In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh's daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian. 
 
 #### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

exo/03/14.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # God said to Moses, "I AM THAT I AM."
 
-This is God's response to Moses' question about God's name. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "God said to Moses, 'Tell them that God says his name is, "I AM THAT I AM."'"
+This is God's response to Moses's question about God's name. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "God said to Moses, 'Tell them that God says his name is, "I AM THAT I AM."'"
 
 # I AM THAT I AM
 

exo/04/06.md

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ This word is used to create an exclamation, showing surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta
 
 # as white as snow
 
-The word "as" here is used to compare what Moses' hand looked like. Leprosy causes the skin to look white. You may not have a word for snow in your language. If so, consider an alternative that describes something white. Alternate translation: "as white as wool or as white as the sand on the beach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
+The word "as" here is used to compare what Moses's hand looked like. Leprosy causes the skin to look white. You may not have a word for snow in your language. If so, consider an alternative that describes something white. Alternate translation: "as white as wool or as white as the sand on the beach" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 

exo/04/10.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ The phrases "slow of speech" and "slow of tongue" mean basically the same thing.
 
 # slow of tongue
 
-Here "tongue" refers to Moses' ability to speak. Alternate translation: "unable to speak well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Here "tongue" refers to Moses's ability to speak. Alternate translation: "unable to speak well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

exo/04/12.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # I will be with your mouth
 
-Here "mouth" refers to Moses' ability to speak. Alternate translation: "I will give you the ability to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Here "mouth" refers to Moses's ability to speak. Alternate translation: "I will give you the ability to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

exo/04/18.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # father-in-law
 
-This refers to the father of Moses' wife.
+This refers to the father of Moses's wife.
 

exo/17/12.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # hands became heavy
 
-The author writes of Moses' arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate translation: "arms became tired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+The author writes of Moses's arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate translation: "arms became tired" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

exo/18/01.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Moses' father-in-law
+# Moses's father-in-law
 
 This refers to the father of the wife of Moses.
 

exo/18/02.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# took Zipporah, Moses' wife
+# took Zipporah, Moses's wife
 
 Possible meanings are 1) Jethro took Zipporah to Moses, or 2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah.
 

exo/24/intro.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #### Special concepts in this chapter
 
-##### Moses' covenant
+##### Moses's covenant
 The people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
 
 ##### God's holiness

exo/32/03.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # All the people
 
-This refers to all the people who rejected Moses as their leader and Moses' God as their God.
+This refers to all the people who rejected Moses as their leader and Moses's God as their God.
 

exo/32/22.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Do not let your anger burn hot
 
-Aaron spoke of Moses' anger as if it were a fire that could burn. "Do not be so angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Aaron spoke of Moses's anger as if it were a fire that could burn. "Do not be so angry" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # they are set on doing evil
 

exo/40/24.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # He put the lampstand into the tent of meeting
 
-Moses instructed his workers to move the lampstand. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "Moses' workmen set the lampstand inside the sacred tent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+Moses instructed his workers to move the lampstand. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: "Moses's workmen set the lampstand inside the sacred tent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 

exo/front/intro.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 1. Israel in Egypt; preparing to depart from slavery (1–12)
       - First genealogy (1:1–6)
       - Israel as slaves in Egypt (1:7–22)
-      - Moses' history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26)
+      - Moses's history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26)
       - Israel suffers in Egypt (4:27–6:13)
       - Second genealogy (6:14–27)
       - Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh (6:28–7:25)

ezk/16/53.md

@@ -2,3 +2,10 @@
 
 Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
+# I will reverse their captivity—the captivity of Sodom and her daughters, and the captivity of Samaria and her daughters—and your captivity will be among them
+
+The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and here it is probably a metaphor for Yahweh making the people prosper in a general sense. See how you translated "will reverse the captivity" in [Ezekiel 16:53](../16/53.md). Alternate translation: "I will free them from their captivity—the captivity of Sodom and her daughters, and the captivity of Samaria and her daughters—and I will free you from your captivity also" or "For I will cause them to live well again—Sodom and her daughters, and Samaria and her daughters—and I will cause you to live well also" or  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+
+# Sodom and her daughters ... Samaria and her daughters
+
+The writer writes as if the people who lived in the cities of Sodom and Samaria were the cities themselves and as if the smaller villages and towns around those cities were the cities' daughters. Alternate translation: "the people living in Sodom and the villages around it ... the people living in Samaria and the villages around it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

ezk/29/14.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# I will restore the fortunes of Egypt
+# I will reverse the captivity of Egypt
 
-The phrase "fortunes of Egypt" is a metaphor for the people of Egypt who had been taken away to other countries. Alternate translation: "I will bring back the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. The word "Egypt" here is a metonym for the people of Egypt. Translate "will reverse the captivity" as in [Ezekiel 16:53](../16/53.md). Alternate translation: "free the Egyptians from their captivity" or "free the people of Egyptians from those who had captured them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # the region of Pathros
 

ezk/39/25.md

@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 
 Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel.
 
-# will restore the fortunes of Jacob
+# will reverse the captivity of Jacob
 
-Translate "will restore the fortunes" as in [Ezekiel 16:53](../16/53.md). However, some modern versions interpret the Hebrew expression here as "will bring Jacob back from captivity."
+The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and it may be understood as a metaphor for Yahweh making the people prosper in a general sense. See how similar words are translated in [Ezekiel 16:53](../16/53.md). Alternate translation: or "free Jacob from those who had captured him" or "cause Jacob to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+
+# Jacob
+
+"the descendants of Jacob"
 
 # the house of Israel
 

ezr/01/01.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See
 
 Here Cyrus is represented by his spirit. This speaks of Yahweh causing Cyrus to want to act as if he "stirred" his spirit. Alternate translation: "Yahweh ... made Cyrus want to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
-# Cyrus' voice went out over his entire kingdom
+# Cyrus's voice went out over his entire kingdom
 
 The voice is a metonym for the message the voice speaks, and the kingdom is a metonym for the people whom a king rules. Alternate translation: "Cyrus sent a message to everyone over whom he ruled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

heb/03/05.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The Hebrew people to whom God revealed himself are spoken of as if they were a l
 
 # house, bearing witness about the things
 
-This phrase probably refers to all of Moses' work. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "house. Moses' life and work pointed to the things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+This phrase probably refers to all of Moses's work. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "house. Moses's life and work pointed to the things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # were to be spoken of in the future
 

heb/04/04.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-The quotation, "God rested on ... works," is from Moses' writings.
+The quotation, "God rested on ... works," is from Moses's writings.
 
 # the seventh day
 

heb/10/intro.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #### Structure and formatting
 
-In this chapter, the writer finishes describing how Jesus' sacrifice was better than the sacrifices offered in the Temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
+In this chapter, the writer finishes describing how Jesus's sacrifice was better than the sacrifices offered in the Temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
 
 Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULB does this with the poetry in 10:5-7, 15-17, 37-38, which are words from the Old Testament.
 

heb/11/23.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents
 
-This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses' parents hid him for three months after he was born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses's parents hid him for three months after he was born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 

heb/12/18.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Here "you" and refers to the Hebrew believers to whom the author wrote. (See: [[
 
 # Connecting Statement:
 
-The author gives a contrast between what believers in Moses' time had while living under the law and what present day believers have after coming to Jesus under the new covenant. He illustrates the experience of the Israelites by describing how God appeared to them at Mount Sinai.
+The author gives a contrast between what believers in Moses's time had while living under the law and what present day believers have after coming to Jesus under the new covenant. He illustrates the experience of the Israelites by describing how God appeared to them at Mount Sinai.
 
 # For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched
 

heb/12/24.md

@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ The blood of Jesus and the blood of Abel are spoken of as if they were people ca
 
 # blood
 
-Here "blood" stands for Jesus' death, as Abel's blood stands for his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Here "blood" stands for Jesus's death, as Abel's blood stands for his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 

heb/13/12.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Connecting Statement:
 
-There is a comparison here between Jesus' sacrifice and the tabernacle sacrifices of the Old Testament.
+There is a comparison here between Jesus's sacrifice and the tabernacle sacrifices of the Old Testament.
 
 # So
 

heb/front/intro.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 1. Jesus is superior to God's prophets and angels (1:1-4:13)
 1. Jesus is superior to the priests who serve in the temple in Jerusalem (4:14-7:28)
-1. Jesus' ministry is superior to the old covenant that God made with his people (8:1-10:39)
+1. Jesus's ministry is superior to the old covenant that God made with his people (8:1-10:39)
 1. What faith is like (11:1-40)
 1. Encouragement to be faithful to God (12:1-29)
 1. Concluding encouragements and greetings (13:1-25)
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ No one knows who wrote Hebrews. Scholars have suggested several different people
 
 #### What is the Book of Hebrews about?
 
-In the Book of Hebrews, the author shows that Jesus fulfilled Old Testament prophecies. The author did this in order to encourage the Jewish Christians and to explain that Jesus is better than anything that the old covenant had to offer. Jesus is the perfect High Priest. Jesus was also the perfect sacrifice. Animal sacrifices became useless because Jesus' sacrifice was once and for all time. Therefore, Jesus is the one and only way for people to be accepted by God.
+In the Book of Hebrews, the author shows that Jesus fulfilled Old Testament prophecies. The author did this in order to encourage the Jewish Christians and to explain that Jesus is better than anything that the old covenant had to offer. Jesus is the perfect High Priest. Jesus was also the perfect sacrifice. Animal sacrifices became useless because Jesus's sacrifice was once and for all time. Therefore, Jesus is the one and only way for people to be accepted by God.
 
 #### How should the title of this book be translated?
 

jas/04/07.md

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@
 
 # you
 
-Here this pronoun is plural and refers to James' audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
+Here this pronoun is plural and refers to James's audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
 

jas/04/15.md

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 
 # we will live and do this or that
 
-"we will live long enough to do what we have planned to do." The word "we" does not directly refer to James or his audience but is part of the example of how James' audience should consider the future.
+"we will live long enough to do what we have planned to do." The word "we" does not directly refer to James or his audience but is part of the example of how James's audience should consider the future.
 

jdg/01/16.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# of Moses' father-in-law
+# of Moses's father-in-law
 
-"of the father of Moses' wife"
+"of the father of Moses's wife"
 
 # father-in-law the Kenite went up
 

jdg/04/11.md

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 
 See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md)
 
-# Moses' father-in-law
+# Moses's father-in-law
 
-"the father of Moses' wife"
+"the father of Moses's wife"
 
 # Zaanannim
 

jer/29/14.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# I will bring back your fortunes
+# reverse your captivity
 
-"I will cause things to go well for you again" or "I will cause you to live well again"
+"free you from your captivity." The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: "free you from those who had captured you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 
 # I caused you to be exiled
 

jer/30/03.md

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 
 "For listen carefully." This phrase brings attention to what Yahweh is going to say next.
 
-# days are coming ... when I will restore the fortunes
+# days are coming ... when I will reverse the captivity
 
-Future time is spoken of as if the "days are coming." See how you translated this metaphor in [Jeremiah 7:32](../07/32.md). Alternate translation: "in the future ... I will restore the fortunes" or "there will be a time ... when I will restore the fortunes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+Future time is spoken of as if the "days are coming." See how you translated this metaphor in [Jeremiah 7:32](../07/32.md). Alternate translation: "in the future ... I will reverse the captivity" or "there will be a time ... when I will reverse the captivity" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # this is Yahweh's declaration
 
 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 
-# I will restore the fortunes of my people, Israel and Judah
+# restore the fortunes of my people, Israel and Judah
 
-"I will cause things to go well for my people, Israel and Judah, again" or "I will cause my people, Israel and Judah, to live well again." See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md).
+"free my people, Israel and Judah, from their captivity." The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: "free my people, Israel and Judah, from those who had captured them" See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 

jer/32/44.md

@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@
 
 The "sealed scrolls" are the deeds that a person would sign to purchase land. Other people would be witnesses to confirm the purchase.
 
+# reverse their captivity
+
+"free them from their captivity." The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free them from those who had captured them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+
+
 # this is Yahweh's declaration
 
 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, have declared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])

jer/33/07.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# I will bring back the fortunes of Judah and Israel
+# I will reverse the captivity of Judah and Israel
 
-"I will cause things to go well for Judah and Israel again" or "I will cause Judah and Israel to live well again." See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md).
+"free Israel and Judah from their captivity." The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free Israel and Judah from those who had captured them"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 

jer/33/11.md

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 the temple in Jerusalem
 
-# I will restore the fortunes of the land
+# I will reverse the captivity of the land
 
-The word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate translation: "I will again cause things to go well for the people who live on the land" or "I will cause the people who live on the land to live well again" See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+The word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and it may be understood as a metaphor for Yahweh making the people prosper in a general sense. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "I will free the people of this land from those who had captured them" or "I will cause the people who live on the land to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
 # to what they were before
 

jer/33/26.md

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # then I will reject the descendants ... and not bring
 
 This completes the sentence that began in verse 25 with the condition that is contrary to fact, "If I have not established ... and if I have not fixed ... earth." God said this to assure his people that he will not reject them and he will bring someone to rule over them. Alternate translation: "Just as I have established the covenant ... so I will never reject the descendants ... and I will bring" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
-# I will restore their fortunes
 
-"I will cause things to go well for them again" or "I will cause them to live well again" See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md).
+# I will reverse their captivity
+
+The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free them from their captivity" or "free them from those who had captured them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 
 # show mercy to
 
-Translate as "have compassion on" is translated in ([Jeremiah 30:18](../30/18.md)).
+See how the words "have compassion on" are translated in ([Jeremiah 30:18](../30/18.md)).
 

jer/49/06.md

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
-# General Information:
+# reverse the captivity of the people of Ammon
+
+The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and here it is probably a metaphor for Yahweh making the Ammonites prosper in a general sense. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free the people of Ammon from their captivity" or "cause the people of Ammon to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 
-This page has intentionally been left blank.

jer/49/39.md

@@ -2,3 +2,7 @@
 
 "in the future"
 
+# reverse the captivity of Elam
+
+The abstract noun "captivity" can be translated as a verbal clause, and here it is probably a metaphor for Yahweh making Elam prosper in a general sense. The word "Elam" is a metonym for the Elamites, the people of Elam. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md). Alternate translation: "free the people of Elam from their captivity" or "cause the Elamites to live well again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+

jhn/01/12.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # believed in his name
 
-The word "name" is a metonym that stands for Jesus' identity and everything about him. Alternate translation: "believed in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+The word "name" is a metonym that stands for Jesus's identity and everything about him. Alternate translation: "believed in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # he gave the right
 

jhn/01/15.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # He who comes after me
 
-John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's ministry has already started and Jesus' ministry will start later.
+John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's ministry has already started and Jesus's ministry will start later.
 
 # is greater than I am
 

jhn/01/27.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # who comes after me
 
-John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's ministry has already started and Jesus' ministry will start later.
+John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's ministry has already started and Jesus's ministry will start later.
 
 # me, the strap of whose sandal I am not worthy to untie
 

jhn/02/12.md

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ This indicates that they went from a higher place to a lower place. Capernaum is
 
 # his brothers
 
-The word "brothers" includes both brothers and sisters. All Jesus' brothers and sisters were younger than he was.
+The word "brothers" includes both brothers and sisters. All Jesus's brothers and sisters were younger than he was.
 

jhn/02/17.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ This term refers to the temple, God's house.
 
 # consume
 
-The word "consume" points to the metaphor of "fire." Jesus' love for the temple is like a fire that burns within him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+The word "consume" points to the metaphor of "fire." Jesus's love for the temple is like a fire that burns within him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 

jhn/02/18.md

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ This refers to an event that proves something is true.
 
 # these things
 
-This refers to Jesus' actions against the money changers in the temple.
+This refers to Jesus's actions against the money changers in the temple.
 

jhn/02/20.md

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 
 # you will raise it up in three days?
 
-The Jewish authorities misunderstood Jesus' words and thought that Jesus wanted to tear down the literal temple and build it again in three days. "Raise" is an idiom for "rebuild." Alternate translation: "you will rebuild it in three days?" or "you cannot possibly rebuild it in three days!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+The Jewish authorities misunderstood Jesus's words and thought that Jesus wanted to tear down the literal temple and build it again in three days. "Raise" is an idiom for "rebuild." Alternate translation: "you will rebuild it in three days?" or "you cannot possibly rebuild it in three days!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 

jhn/02/22.md

@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ Here "believe" means to accept something or trust that it is true.
 
 # this statement
 
-This refers back to Jesus' statement in [John 2:19](../02/19.md).
+This refers back to Jesus's statement in [John 2:19](../02/19.md).
 

jhn/04/01.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # General Information:
 
-John 4:1-6 gives the background to the next event, Jesus' conversation with a Samaritan woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+John 4:1-6 gives the background to the next event, Jesus's conversation with a Samaritan woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
 
 # Connecting Statement:
 

jhn/06/16.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # Connecting Statement:
 
-This is the next event in the story. Jesus' disciples go out onto the lake in a boat.
+This is the next event in the story. Jesus's disciples go out onto the lake in a boat.
 

jhn/06/63.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The word "profit" means to cause good things to happen.
 
 # words
 
-Possible meanings are 1) Jesus' words in [John 6:32-58](./32.md) or 2) everything Jesus teaches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+Possible meanings are 1) Jesus's words in [John 6:32-58](./32.md) or 2) everything Jesus teaches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 
 # The words that I have spoken to you
 

jhn/06/intro.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The king of any nation was the richest and most powerful person in that nation.
 
 ##### Bread
 
-Bread was the most common and important food in Jesus' day, and so the word "bread" was their general word for "food."  It is often difficult to translate the word "bread" into the languages of people who do not eat bread because the general word for food in some languages refers to food that did not exist in Jesus' culture. Jesus used the word "bread" to refer to himself. He wanted them to understand that they need him so they can have eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
+Bread was the most common and important food in Jesus's day, and so the word "bread" was their general word for "food."  It is often difficult to translate the word "bread" into the languages of people who do not eat bread because the general word for food in some languages refers to food that did not exist in Jesus's culture. Jesus used the word "bread" to refer to himself. He wanted them to understand that they need him so they can have eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 
 ##### Eating the flesh and drinking the blood