Here "Judah" stands for the people in the region of Judah, and the fact that they have been faithless to Yahweh is spoken of as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate translation: "The people of Judah have been faithless" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: "People have done disgusting things in Israel and in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
Here "Judah" refers again to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: "For the people of Judah have profaned the holy place of Yahweh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
The people of Judah are again referred to as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate translation: "have married women from other nations, women who worship idols" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])