"Bitter things" represents accusations. Alternate translation: "For you write down accusations against me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Inheriting the iniquities of his youth is a metaphor. Possible meanings are it represents 1) being guilty for the sins of his youth. Alternate translation: "you say that I am still guilty for the sins of my youth" or 2) being punished for the sins of his youth. Alternate translation: "you punish me for the sins of my youth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The abstract noun "youth" can be translated with the word "young." Alternate translation: "the sins I committed when I was young" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])